XI_CHEM_NEW_CHAP-06: EQUILIBRIUM_MCQs

6.6 APPLICATIONS OF EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANTS

No MCQ & Choices No MCQ & Choices
1 Match the statements about equilibrium constants 2 Match the reactions with the correct equilibrium
with their correct interpretations or applications. constant characteristics or implications.
1. Equilibrium constant A. Indicates the system is A. Predominantly
1. H2(g) + I2(g) ⇌
is temperature- reversible, with forward reactants present at
2HI(g), Kc = 57.0
dependent. and reverse rates equal. equilibrium.
2. The value of B. Reactants and
B. Dependent on only the 2. N2(g) + O2(g) ⇌
equilibrium constant products both
reaction and its 2NO(g), Kc = 4.8 × 10^-
for the reverse appreciable in
temperature. 31
reaction. concentration.
C. Suggests significant C. High product
3. A small equilibrium 3. H2O(g) ⇌ H2(g) +
reactant predominance at concentration at
constant (e.g., 10^-48). O2(g), Kc = 4.1 × 10^-48
equilibrium. equilibrium.
4. Equilibrium constant D. Reaction favors
D. Unaffected by changes 4. Kc in the range 10^-3
value remains the neither side strongly at
in initial concentrations. to 10^3.
same. equilibrium.
E. Indicates both reactants E. Reaction strongly
5. If Kc is between 10^- 5. Very large Kc (e.g.,
and products are favors the formation of
3 and 10^3. >10^3).
appreciably present. products.
3 Match the features of equilibrium with their 4 Match the equilibrium constant expressions with
theoretical implications. their correct physical interpretations.
1. Reaction equilibrium A. ΔG = -RT ln Kc
1. Kp = (pHI)^2 / A. Links equilibrium
shifts with establishes the
(pH2)(pI2) constant to free energy.
temperature. thermodynamic link.
B. Indicates products
2. Equilibrium constant B. Products are formed 2. Kc = [products] /
strongly favored at
relates to free energy. only in trace amounts. [reactants]
equilibrium.
3. Small Kc implies C. Equilibrium in gaseous
C. System has reached
negligible reaction 3. Kp = Kc(RT)^Δn systems, expressed in
dynamic equilibrium.
completion. pressure terms.
4. Equilibrium D. Equals the reciprocal of
D. Equilibrium constant
concentrations forward reaction 4. ΔG = -RT ln Kc
in concentration terms.
stabilize over time. equilibrium constant.
E. Reflects Le Chatelier’s E. Conversion between
5. Reverse reaction
principle on system 5. Kc >> 1 Kc and Kp for reactions
equilibrium constant.
adjustment. involving gases.
5 Which of the following statements about 6 Identify which of the following statements
equilibrium constants is/are correct? contains logical inaccuracies.
1. The equilibrium constant is only valid when
1. If Kc is very small, the reaction mixture
concentrations of reactants and products are
predominantly contains products.
constant.
2. The value of the equilibrium constant depends on 2. At 298 K, the reaction N2(g) + O2(g) → 2NO(g)
the initial concentrations of reactants and products. has a very small equilibrium constant.
3. The equilibrium constant is temperature 3. If Kc is in the range of 10–3 to 103, appreciable
dependent and is unique for a reaction at a given concentrations of both reactants and products are
temperature. present.
4. The equilibrium constant Kc for H2(g) + I2(g) →
4. The equilibrium constant for the reverse reaction
2HI(g) at 700 K is 57.0, indicating a significant
is the same as that for the forward reaction.
presence of HI.
5. If Kc is large, it indicates that the reaction has 5. The equilibrium constant is only affected by
gone to completion. temperature.

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 XI_CHEM_NEW_CHAP-06: EQUILIBRIUM_MCQs
6.6 APPLICATIONS OF EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANTS
7 Assertion: A large Kc value indicates a high 8 Which of the following statements accurately
concentration of products at equilibrium. explains why equilibrium constants are
Reasoning: When Kc is greater than 1, the products temperature dependent?
are favored at equilibrium, and there will be
substantial product formation. Which of the
following is true?
1. Both assertion and reasoning are correct and the 1. The equilibrium position changes with
reasoning correctly explains the assertion. temperature.
2. Both assertion and reasoning are correct, but the 2. Reaction enthalpy determines the temperature
reasoning does not correctly explain the assertion. dependence.
3. The assertion is correct, but the reasoning is 3. Temperature affects the rate of forward and
incorrect. reverse reactions differently.
4. Both assertion and reasoning are incorrect. 4. The equilibrium constant is defined for one specific
temperature only.
9 Based on the equilibrium constant values provided, 10 Why does the reaction of H2 and O2 to form water
predict the nature of the reaction mixture for the have a very small equilibrium constant at 500 K?
following systems: 1. The reaction favors reactants significantly.
1. Decomposition of H2O into H2 and O2 at 500 K 2. The reaction is kinetically controlled at this
(Kc = 4.1 × 10–48). temperature.
2. N2(g) + O2(g) → 2NO(g) at 298 K (Kc = 4.8 × 10– 3. Very high energy is needed to convert reactants
31). to products.
3. H2(g) + I2(g) → 2HI(g) at 700 K (Kc = 57.0). 4. The temperature leads to constant product
4. N2O4(g) → 2NO2(g) at 25°C (Kc = 4.64 × 10–3). concentrations.
Which of the following statements about these
reactions is most accurate?
1. In reactions 1 and 2, reactants are strongly
favored.
2. Reactions 3 and 4 favor product formation, with
higher concentrations of products.
3. All reactions have similar equilibrium constants,
indicating similar product-reactant ratios.
4. Reactions 1, 3, and 4 favor reactants, while
reaction 2 favors products.
11 Assess the validity of the following claim regarding 12 Which reaction demonstrates appreciable
equilibrium constants: "The equilibrium constant concentrations of both reactants and products at
for any reaction is a constant value and is equilibrium?
unaffected by temperature." Which of the
following is the most accurate?
1. The claim is correct for all reactions. 1. H2 + I2 -> 2HI at 700 K.
2. The claim is correct, but only for reactions where 2. N2 + O2 -> 2NO at 298 K.
temperature does not vary.
3. The claim is incorrect, as equilibrium constants are 3. N2O4 -> 2NO2 at 25°C.
temperature-dependent.
4. The claim is mostly correct, except for reactions at 4. H2O decomposition at 500 K.
extreme temperatures.
13 Which of the following statements best justifies the 14 What happens when Qc equals Kc in a chemical
necessity of reaching equilibrium in a chemical reaction?
reaction?
1. The equilibrium constant only applies when 1. The forward reaction halts completely.
reactants and products are in equal concentrations.
2. The equilibrium constant value is fixed for any 2. Both reactants and products stop reacting.
reaction, regardless of temperature.
3. The concentrations of reactants and products 3. The reaction mixture is at equilibrium.
remain constant at equilibrium, regardless of initial
concentrations.
4. The equilibrium constant must always be equal to 4. The concentrations of products increase steadily.
1 for all reactions.
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 XI_CHEM_NEW_CHAP-06: EQUILIBRIUM_MCQs
6.6 APPLICATIONS OF EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANTS
15 What is the significance of an equilibrium constant 16 For which reaction is the equilibrium constant most
value in the context of the decomposition of H2O suited to generate significant product
into H2 and O2 at 500 K? concentrations?
1. A very small equilibrium constant (Kc = 4.1 × 10– 1. H2 + I2 -> 2HI at 700 K.
48) suggests negligible concentrations of products at
equilibrium.
2. A small equilibrium constant suggests that the 2. N2 + O2 -> 2NO at 298 K.
reaction is reversible and will reach equilibrium
easily.
3. A large equilibrium constant indicates that the 3. N2O4 -> 2NO2 at 25°C.
products will dominate at equilibrium.
4. A high equilibrium constant shows a quick 4. H2O decomposition at 500 K.
reaction rate.
17 If the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a reaction is 18 If the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a reaction is
very small, what can be inferred about the significantly different from the expected value,
reaction? which of the following would most likely occur in
the reaction mixture?
1. The reaction will proceed predominantly toward 1. The system will immediately reach equilibrium.
the products.
2. The reaction will be in a state where reactants 2. The reaction will proceed in the reverse direction
and products have reached an equal concentration. to achieve equilibrium.
3. The reverse reaction will dominate due to a large 3. Both reactants and products will have negligible
Kc value. concentrations.
4. The reaction will proceed predominantly toward 4. The equilibrium state will be impossible to
the reactants, with products present only in trace achieve.
amounts.
19 What would happen to the equilibrium of the 20 In the decomposition of H2O to H2 and O2 at 500
reaction H2 + I2 ⇌ 2HI if Qc were greater than Kc? K, the equilibrium constant is given as 4.1 × 10–48.
What can be inferred about the reaction at this
temperature?
1. More HI will be formed as the system moves 1. Both reactants and products are present in
toward equilibrium. significant concentrations.
2. The system will shift to produce more reactants 2. The reaction predominantly forms products.
(H2 and I2).
3. The reaction will stop and not progress. 3. The concentration of reactants will be very high
compared to products.
4. The concentrations of H2 and I2 will remain 4. The reaction will proceed equally in both
unchanged. directions.
21 Given the value of Kc for the decomposition of 22 For a reaction with Kc = 57.0 at 700 K, how will the
N2O4 to NO2 is 4.64 × 10–3, which of the following equilibrium concentrations of reactants and
conclusions is most accurate regarding the products compare?
equilibrium composition at 25°C?
1. The equilibrium will be dominated by N2O4 with 1. Products will be highly concentrated compared to
negligible NO2 present. reactants.
2. The equilibrium will contain significant 2. Reactants will be significantly more concentrated
concentrations of both N2O4 and NO2. than products.
3. The reaction will favor NO2 with N2O4 being 3. Both reactants and products will have similar
present in trace amounts. concentrations.
4. The reaction will not reach equilibrium at this 4. The reaction will not reach equilibrium at this
temperature. temperature.

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 XI_CHEM_NEW_CHAP-06: EQUILIBRIUM_MCQs
6.6 APPLICATIONS OF EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANTS
23 Which factor most directly influences the 24 Given that Kc for the reaction N2(g) + O2(g) 2NO(g)
magnitude of the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a at 298 K is 4.8 × 10–31, what can be concluded
reaction? about the reaction at this temperature?
1. The reaction's stoichiometry 1. The reaction will proceed significantly toward the
formation of products.
2. The reaction's Gibbs free energy change (ΔG°) 2. The reaction will mostly consist of reactants.
3. The concentration of reactants and products 3. Both reactants and products will be present in
equal amounts.
4. The pressure of the reaction system 4. The reaction is unlikely to occur at all.
25 What happens when both Kc and ΔG° approach 26 How would the equilibrium constant for the
zero for a reaction at equilibrium? reverse reaction compare to the forward reaction?
1. The reaction reaches dynamic equilibrium, with 1. The reverse reaction has a larger equilibrium
substantial amounts of reactants and products. constant.
2. The reaction stops entirely, showing no dynamic 2. The reverse reaction has an equilibrium constant
changes. equal to the inverse of the forward reaction.
3. The reaction strongly favors product formation. 3. The reverse reaction's equilibrium constant is
unrelated to the forward reaction.
4. The reaction strongly favors reactant formation. 4. The reverse reaction will never reach equilibrium.
27 Why does an increase in temperature reduce Kc for 28 What is the primary reason for the variation in
exothermic reactions? equilibrium constants across different reactions, as
seen in the examples of H2O, N2O4, and HI?
1. Higher temperatures destabilize reactants more 1. The concentration of reactants and products is
than products. the same for all reactions.
2. Heat acts as a reactant, shifting equilibrium 2. The temperature and nature of the reaction are
toward reactants. critical factors.
3. Increased entropy favors endothermic reactions. 3. The reaction rates determine the equilibrium
constant.
4. Reactants decompose faster than products under 4. The pressure exerted by gases is the determining
higher temperatures. factor.
29 Which reaction is most product-favored based on 30 When Qc = Kc in a reaction, what does this indicate
equilibrium constant values? about the state of the system?
1. H2 + I2 ⇌ 2HI (Kc = 57.0) 1. The reaction is at equilibrium, and no further
changes will occur.
2. N2O4 ⇌ 2NO2 (Kc = 4.64 × 10^(-3)) 2. The reaction has not yet reached equilibrium, and
will proceed toward it.
3. N2 + O2 ⇌ 2NO (Kc = 4.8 × 10^(-31)) 3. The products are highly concentrated compared
to reactants.
4. H2O ⇌ H2 + O2 (Kc = 4.1 × 10^(-48)) 4. The reactants will be completely consumed.
31 Which of the following correctly classifies the 32 Which of the following statements accurately
equilibrium constants for the reactions? explains why equilibrium constants are
temperature dependent?
1. Kc for H2O decomposition is very large, Kc for N2 1. The equilibrium position changes with
+ O2 reaction is small. temperature.
2. Kc for N2O4 to NO2 decomposition is moderate, 2. Reaction enthalpy determines the temperature
Kc for H2 + I2 reaction is large. dependence.
3. Kc for N2 + O2 to 2NO is moderate, Kc for H2O 3. Temperature affects the rate of forward and
decomposition is small. reverse reactions differently.
4. Kc for H2 + I2 reaction is moderate, Kc for N2O4 4. The equilibrium constant is defined for one specific
to NO2 decomposition is large. temperature only.

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 XI_CHEM_NEW_CHAP-06: EQUILIBRIUM_MCQs
6.6 APPLICATIONS OF EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANTS
33 How would an increase in the concentration of H2 34 Why does the reaction of H2 and O2 to form water
or I2 in the reaction H2(g) + I2(g) → 2HI(g) at 700 K have a very small equilibrium constant at 500 K?
affect the equilibrium state?
1. It will shift the equilibrium towards products, 1. The reaction favors reactants significantly.
increasing HI concentration.
2. It will shift the equilibrium towards reactants, 2. The reaction is kinetically controlled at this
decreasing HI concentration. temperature.
3. It will have no effect, as the reaction is already at 3. Very high energy is needed to convert reactants
equilibrium. to products.
4. It will result in a change in Kc. 4. The temperature leads to constant product
concentrations.
35 In the reaction H2(g) + I2(g) → 2HI(g), at what 36 Which reaction demonstrates appreciable
concentration of [HI] would the reaction reach concentrations of both reactants and products at
equilibrium, given that Kc = 57.0 at 700 K and [H2]t equilibrium?
= 0.10M, [I2]t = 0.20M?
1. 0.30 M 1. H2 + I2 -> 2HI at 700 K.
2. 0.40 M 2. N2 + O2 -> 2NO at 298 K.
3. 0.57 M 3. N2O4 -> 2NO2 at 25°C.
4. 0.50 M 4. H2O decomposition at 500 K.
37 What is the likely outcome of changing the 38 What happens when Qc equals Kc in a chemical
temperature for the reaction where Kc is reaction?
temperature-dependent?
1. Kc value will change, but the reaction direction 1. The forward reaction halts completely.
remains unchanged.
2. The equilibrium constant will stay the same, but 2. Both reactants and products stop reacting.
the concentration of products will change.
3. The equilibrium constant will change, potentially 3. The reaction mixture is at equilibrium.
altering the direction of the reaction.
4. Temperature change will have no effect on Kc. 4. The concentrations of products increase steadily.
39 A reaction at 298 K has Kc = 4.8 × 10–31, and the 40 For which reaction is the equilibrium constant most
concentrations of reactants are high compared to suited to generate significant product
products. What is the most likely course of action concentrations?
to achieve equilibrium?
1. Decrease the concentration of reactants to 1. H2 + I2 -> 2HI at 700 K.
increase product concentration.
2. Increase the concentration of products to shift 2. N2 + O2 -> 2NO at 298 K.
equilibrium.
3. Raise the temperature to increase product 3. N2O4 -> 2NO2 at 25°C.
concentration.
4. Maintain the current conditions, as the reaction is 4. H2O decomposition at 500 K.
already at equilibrium.

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