Based on Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 18 of 2020 on the

National Medium-Term Development Plan for the 2020-2024 period, Infrastructure Development
is divided into several strategies, one of which is Economic Infrastructure, which is divided into
Connectivity and Economic Sectors.
Connectivity is divided into:
 Land (Toll Roads, New Roads, Trans Island 3T Roads, and New Ferry Ports)
 Railways (High-speed Trains and Cargo)
 Sea (Integrated Main Port Networks)
 Air (New Airports, Air Bridges)
Economic Infrastructure Targets:
 High-Speed Rail (Jakarta – Semarang & Jakarta – Bandung) on Java Island
 Railway (Makassar – Parepare)
 Integrated Main Port Network (Enhancing Performance Standardization and
Management of Integrated Ports)
 43 Air Bridge Routes
 2,500 km of New and/or Operational Toll Roads
 1.9 hours/100 km Travel Time on Main Island Crossroads
 27% Interconnected Service Routes (loop)

1. Road Connectivity
The road network, as the main mode of passenger and logistics transport, faces challenges
due to inadequate road infrastructure quality and insufficient road network availability to
support regional development. The total length of the road network reaches 582,200 km,
consisting of 47,017 km of national roads and 481,183 km of provincial and district/city
roads. In terms of quality, there is a disparity between national and local roads. National
roads, accounting for 8 percent of the total network, have a solid condition of 92 percent,
while local roads, comprising 92 percent of the total road network, only reach a solid
condition of 68 percent for provinces and 57 percent for districts/cities. The existing road
quality is also not fully supported by adequate road accessories, especially drainage, which
is essential in preventing road damage due to waterlogging. Furthermore, the existing road
network availability is insufficient to support regional development, both for economic growth
and development equality. The lack of road availability in logistics routes is evident from the
travel time performance on main island crossing roads, which only reaches 2.3 hours per
100 km. The availability of toll roads on major logistics routes is still limited along the Java
Northern Coast route. The availability of road networks to support industrial and tourism
development is also limited. There are still several transportation hubs (airports, ports, and
terminals) that do not have adequate road access. The availability of road networks in 3T
areas, including remote, outermost, and frontier islands, is also insufficient to support
community accessibility.
Improving road quality is achieved through meeting road maintenance needs, including
routine road maintenance and providing road accessories. Meeting road maintenance needs
is driven by improving road management governance that prioritizes routine and periodic
maintenance activities. Collaboration schemes between the Government and Business
Entities (PPP) Availability Payment (AP) based on performance and Regional Road Grant
Programs that encourage road maintenance performance need to be expanded. The PPP-
AP scheme also supports road quality through integrated road management and operation
of weighbridges to control road overloading, which is the main cause of road damage.
Increasing the availability of road networks that support regional development is carried out
through road construction on main island crossing roads, roads supporting priority industrial
and tourism areas, access roads to priority transportation hubs, outermost island
circumferential/trans island roads, and access roads supporting 3T areas and border areas.
For example, the completion of the Trans Sumatra toll road connecting Aceh - Lampung is a
priority program to reduce travel time and provide access to the main port of Kuala Tanjung,
thus promoting industrial development along the corridor. The construction of access roads
to priority hubs is aimed at ensuring optimal infrastructure utilization such as ports and
airports. Strengthening coordination in transportation hub development planning and road
access is necessary. In addition, strengthening the planning of the Road Sector Grant Fund
(DAK) to align with regional development priorities is necessary. Meanwhile, for
strengthening road network development funding, infrastructure financing innovations such
as KPBU, long-term fund utilization, and revolving fund programs, especially for toll road
development, need to be developed. Priority projects supporting road connectivity include:
i) Strategic road development, examples; Trans Papua Road Merauke - Sorong (Major
Project) and Trans Roads on 18 Remote, Outermost, and Frontier Islands (Major
Project);
ii) Toll road development, examples: Aceh - Lampung Trans Sumatra Toll Road (Major
Project);
iii) Road construction supporting priority areas (KI, KEK, KSPN, and border areas);
iv) Construction of access roads to transportation hubs (ports, airports, and terminals);
v) National road preservation (including improvements/expansions); and
vi) Construction and maintenance of regional roads.

2. Land Connectivity
Land transportation development is prioritized to reduce road overloading through the
provision of integrated weighbridge facilities with road management (PPP-AP scheme),
development of road facilities and accessories, and construction of international terminal to
support passenger and cargo flow facilitation in border areas, construction of new ferry
ports, construction of ferries to support 3T areas, and provision of pioneer subsidies for ferry,
river, lake, and bus transportation. In addition, in order to support integrated intermodal
transportation services, bus transportation connected to transportation hubs and National
Strategic Tourism Areas (KSPN) will be provided.
Priority land connectivity projects include:
i) Construction of international passenger and cargo terminals;
ii) Construction of 26 ferry vessels;
iii) Construction of 36 new ferry ports; and
iv) Provision of pioneer land transportation services for passengers and cargo.
3. Urban Transportation
The development of urban mass transit systems is prioritized in the six main metropolitan
cities, namely the metropolitan areas of Jakarta, Surabaya, Bandung, Medan, Semarang,
and Makassar. In efforts to accelerate the development of mass transit in metropolitan
areas, a program for developing urban mass transit is prepared, which regulates Central
Government funding support to Regional Governments based on several criteria. Important
criteria that must be met by regional governments include the availability of integrated urban
mobility plans and the existence of metropolitan-based urban transportation authority
institutions (across administrative boundaries). Priority urban transportation projects include:
i) Construction of mass transit systems including in 6 Metropolitan Regions (Major
Project);
ii) Construction of intermodal transfer facilities integrated with economic activity centers,
settlements, and public facilities at transportation hubs;
iii) Construction of grade-separated crossings between roads and railways in urban areas;
iv) Construction of urban ring roads; and
v) Provision of PSO and subsidies for urban mass transit.

Target/Indicator Baseline 2019 Target 2024

Increased Regional Connectivity
Travel time on main 2,3 1,9
island crossroads
(Hours/100 Km)
Length of new toll roads 1.461 2.500
constructed and/or
operational (Km)
Length of new roads 3.387 3.000
constructed (Km)
Percentage of stable 92/68/57 97/75/65
conditions for
national/provincial/district
roads (%)
Length of constructed 61.164 7.451
railway networks
(cumulative) (Km)
Condition of railway lines 81,5 94,0
according to Track
Quality Index (TQI)
categories 1 and 2 (%)
Most interconnected 23 27
shipping routes (loop)
(%)
Number of main ports 1 7
meeting standards
(locations)
Number of subsidized 14 25
sea toll routes (routes)
Number of new ferry 24 36
ports constructed
(locations)
Number of new airports 15 21
constructed (locations)
Number of air bridge 35 43
routes (routes)