M.C.Q.
on management
Here are some multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on Management:
1. Which of the following is the primary function of management?
a) Planning
b) Organizing
c) Controlling
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above
2. The process of setting objectives, identifying resources, and developing
strategies to achieve goals is known as:
a) Organizing
b) Planning
c) Leading
d) Controlling
Answer: b) Planning
3. The management function that involves allocating resources, assigning tasks,
and establishing relationships to achieve goals is called:
a) Planning
b) Organizing
c) Leading
d) Controlling
Answer: b) Organizing
4. The process of motivating, leading, and influencing people to achieve
organizational goals is:
a) Planning
b) Organizing
c) Leading
d) Controlling
Answer: c) Leading
5. Which of the following is not a part of the management's controlling function?
a) Setting standards
b) Measuring performance
c) Implementing strategies
d) Taking corrective actions
Answer: c) Implementing strategies
6. A management theory that focuses on improving worker productivity through
task specialization and scientific methods is known as:
a) Human Relations Theory
b) Classical Management Theory
c) Contingency Theory
d) Systems Theory
Answer: b) Classical Management Theory
7. Who is associated with the development of the Theory of Bureaucracy?
a) Henri Fayol
b) Max Weber
c) Frederick Taylor
d) Elton Mayo
Answer: b) Max Weber
8. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following needs is at
the highest level?
a) Safety Needs
b) Social Needs
c) Esteem Needs
d) Self-Actualization Needs
Answer: d) Self-Actualization Needs
9. The process by which managers ensure that employees are performing their
tasks as per the organizational standards is known as:
a) Leading
b) Organizing
c) Controlling
d) Planning
Answer: c) Controlling
10. Which of the following is a feature of the contingency approach to
management?
a) There is a best way to manage all situations.
b) Management actions should depend on the specific circumstances of each situation.
c) Management is purely a scientific process.
d) Focus is on the structure of the organization only.
Answer: b) Management actions should depend on the specific circumstances of each situation.
11. The four functions of management are:
a) Planning, Organizing, Leading, controlling
b) Planning, Organizing, Directing, evaluating
c) Setting Goals, Organizing, Monitoring, rewarding
d) Planning, Staffing, Leading, Evaluating
Answer: a) Planning, Organizing, Leading, Controlling
12. What is the term for a system that emphasizes continuous feedback and
allows for adjustments in real-time?
a) Open-loop system
b) Closed-loop system
c) Feedback management system
d) Control system
Answer: b) Closed-loop system
13. Which of the following is a key element of strategic management?
a) Market analysis
b) Performance management
c) Goal setting
d) Employee training
Answer: a) Market analysis
14. In the context of leadership, which of the following focuses on motivating
employees by focusing on their needs, values, and emotions?
a) Transactional leadership
b) Transformational leadership
c) Situational leadership
d) Autocratic leadership
Answer: b) Transformational leadership
15. What is the main objective of human resource management?
a) Maximizing profit
b) Minimizing labor costs
c) Optimizing the performance of employees
d) Focusing on technology adoption
Answer: c) Optimizing the performance of employees
16. Which of the following is NOT a part of the management process?
a) Planning
b) Leading
c) Selling
d) Controlling
Answer: c) Selling
17. Who is known for introducing the concept of "Scientific Management"?
a) Max Weber
b) Elton Mayo
c) Henri Fayol
d) Frederick Taylor
Answer: d) Frederick Taylor
18. Which of the following is a characteristic of a "centralized" organizational
structure?
a) Decision-making is spread across many levels
b) Only top-level management makes decisions
c) Decision-making is delegated to lower levels of management
d) Communication is free-flowing and informal
Answer: b) Only top-level management makes decisions
19. Which of the following is a feature of an "organic" organization?
a) High degree of specialization
b) Fixed roles and responsibilities
c) Centralized decision-making
d) Flexibility and adaptability
Answer: d) Flexibility and adaptability
20. The process of determining what tasks need to be done, who will do them,
and how the tasks will be accomplished is:
a) Leading
b) Organizing
c) Planning
d) Controlling
Answer: b) Organizing
21. The function of management that involves motivating employees, facilitating
communication, and resolving conflicts is:
a) Planning
b) Organizing
c) Leading
d) Controlling
Answer: c) Leading
22. The ability to influence others to achieve organizational goals is called:
a) Leadership
b) Control
c) Motivation
d) Delegation
Answer: a) Leadership
23. A group of people working together to achieve common goals is known as:
a) A department
b) A team
c) An organization
d) A project
Answer: b) A team
24. Which of the following is NOT a key function of human resource
management?
a) Recruitment
b) Employee training
c) Production scheduling
d) Performance appraisal
Answer: c) Production scheduling
25. Which management theory emphasizes employee satisfaction as a key to
improving productivity?
a) Scientific Management
b) Human Relations Theory
c) Contingency Theory
d) Systems Theory
Answer: b) Human Relations Theory
26. The “SMART” criteria for goal setting includes all of the following EXCEPT:
a) Specific
b) Measurable
c) Attainable
d) Reasonable
Answer: d) Reasonable
27. Which of the following is an example of a tactical decision in management?
a) Deciding the long-term strategy of the organization
b) Determining annual sales goals
c) Setting the company’s vision
d) Deciding the pricing policy for a new product
Answer: b) Determining annual sales goals
28. Which of the following is a key principle of Henry Fayol’s management
theory?
a) Division of labor
b) Formal authority
c) Scalar chain
d) Both a and c
Answer: d) Both a and c
29. The management function that involves comparing actual performance with
standards and taking corrective actions is:
a) Planning
b) Controlling
c) Organizing
d) Leading
Answer: b) Controlling
30. According to the SWOT analysis, which of the following is considered an
internal factor?
a) Economic trends
b) Competitor actions
c) Strengths
d) Government regulations
Answer: c) Strengths
31. The process of identifying and addressing ethical issues in management is
referred to as:
a) Corporate social responsibility
b) Ethical leadership
c) Corporate governance
d) Ethical decision-making
Answer: d) Ethical decision-making
32. A type of leadership in which the leader seeks input from employees and
encourages participation in decision-making is called:
a) Autocratic leadership
b) Laissez-faire leadership
c) Democratic leadership
d) Transactional leadership
Answer: c) Democratic leadership
33. The system in which authority is spread out at lower levels and decisions are
made by the people closest to the problem is called:
a) Centralization
b) Decentralization
c) Line authority
d) Matrix structure
Answer: b) Decentralization
34. The primary goal of the "Balanced Scorecard" approach is to:
a) Focus exclusively on financial performance
b) Improve customer satisfaction
c) Provide a comprehensive view of organizational performance across multiple areas
d) Eliminate waste in production
Answer: c) Provide a comprehensive view of organizational performance across multiple areas
35. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of "Transformational
Leadership"?
a) Motivating and inspiring employees
b) Focusing on long-term organizational goals
c) Emphasizing rewards and punishments
d) Encouraging creativity and innovation
Answer: c) Emphasizing rewards and punishments
36. The ability of a manager to delegate authority and make decisions about the
allocation of resources is called:
a) Authority
b) Leadership
c) Power
d) Responsibility
Answer: a) Authority
37. A “matrix organization” structure is primarily characterized by:
a) Hierarchical levels with clear authority
b) Employees reporting to both functional and project managers
c) Highly centralized decision-making
d) A focus on product lines over functional roles
Answer: b) Employees reporting to both functional and project managers
38. In the context of decision-making, which of the following refers to a situation
in which decision-makers have incomplete or unclear information?
a) Certainty
b) Risk
c) Uncertainty
d) Ambiguity
Answer: c) Uncertainty
39. Which of the following is NOT typically a part of a SWOT analysis?
a) Strengths
b) Opportunities
c) Resources
d) Threats
Answer: c) Resources
40. Which of the following is the key principle of the "Theory X" management
style?
a) Employees are inherently self-motivated and seek responsibility
b) Employees are motivated primarily by money and need to be closely supervised
c) Employees are the most valuable asset of the organization
d) Management is a shared responsibility between employees and supervisors
Answer: b) Employees are motivated primarily by money and need to be closely supervised
