Musical instruments album

The timpaniThe timpani

is a drum with a single membrane. Its semi-oval or semi-spherical box is called a boiler and can be
made of wood, copper or bronze. Like most percussion instruments, it is played by striking the
drumheads with a special stick or mallet, a "timpani mallet." It consists mainly of a copper cauldron,
covered by a membrane. It can be tuned so that it produces certain sounds, that is, musical notes. It
is an instrument with a defined intonation or determined sound.

The Guiro
Belonging to the percussion family, the güiro is a musical instrument used to play traditional music
in some South American countries, such as the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico or Cuba, although
it is also played in other places.
It is made from a hollowed-out gourd whose shell is carved by making parallel grooves on its
surface. It is held with the thumb of the left hand, which fits into an opening at the back and which
also serves to give it a more intense sound. The right hand takes a kind of fork with many spikes
and scrapes it against the grooves of the shell. It is usually played by the singer and requires long
and short sounds, played with long and short strokes in both directions, up and down. It is also
known as calabazo, guayo, and raspador.

The Drum
A drum is a membranophone percussion instrument consisting of a resonance box, usually
cylindrical in shape, and one (or two) membranes, called a head, which covers the opening of the
box. To produce sound, the drum is struck on the drumhead with the hand or with some object,
commonly drumsticks; the snare drum is also often struck.

Tambourine

The tambourine is a membranophone percussion instrument belonging to the group of frame

drums. This instrument is made up of one or two superimposed hoops, one centimeter or less thick,
provided with jingles of brass, iron or tempered steel, and whose gap is covered on one of its edges
with very smooth and stretched skin (parchment).1 2 It can be sheepskin without wool or donkey
belly. The tambourine originated in Mesopotamian, the Middle East, India, Greece and Rome, and
was used especially in religious contexts. It is played by sliding one or more fingers across it, or by
hitting it with them or with the whole hand. Sometimes it is hit with other parts of the body, as in the
Pandereta Fantasia, typical of the tuna: while the person handling the tambourine dances, he plays
with it, hitting it with different parts of his body, keeping the rhythm of the song, demonstrating a
great sense of musical rhythm as well as his skill in execution.

Xylophone

The xylophone (pronounced silo fono) is a percussion musical instrument. Each reed is tuned to a
specific pitch (musical note) on the chromatic scale. Since it can be tuned, it is a laminophonic
instrument with a specific sound. The order of the plates is similar to the order of the piano
keyboard.
The xylophone uses both the tunable drum technique and the advanced mallet technique.
It has a livelier timbre than the marimba, and the notes are sustained less. Modern xylophones
include short percussion plates. A xylophone with a lower register than the marimba register is
called a xylorimba.

Piano

The piano (a word that in Italian means "soft", and in this case is an abbreviation of the original
term, "pianoforte", which referred to its soft and loud nuances) is a musical instrument classified as
a keyboard instrument with struck strings by the traditional classification system, and according to
the Hombostel-Sachs classification it is a simple chordophone. The musician who plays the piano is
called a pianist.
It is composed of a resonance box, to which a keyboard has been added through which the steel
strings are struck with felt-covered hammers, producing the sound. The vibrations are transmitted
through the bridges to the soundboard, which amplifies them. It consists of a multi-string chromatic
harp, operated by an indirect percussion mechanism, to which dampers have been added. It was
invented around the year 1700 by the Paduan Bartolomeo Cristofori. Its predecessors include
instruments such as the zither, the monochord, the dulcemele, the harpsichord and the harpsichord.

The triangle
The triangle is a struck metal instrument, belonging to the group of idiophones, because the
resulting sound is the result of the vibration of the metal after being struck with the drumstick. The
triangle is a bar or cylindrical steel structure bent in the shape of a triangle, as its name indicates,
with the peculiarity that one of its vertices is left open. Normally, the performer does not hold the
instrument directly by one of its sides, but by means of a string that is tied to the upper vertex and is
used to suspend it. The sound of the triangle is very good, high-pitched and of a defined pitch,
which does not mean that it does not generate certain notes. The musician can make the triangle
sound open or closed depending on how he holds it. The triangle has great sonority, which allows it
to be heard above the orchestra. It is used in Louisiana cajón music and Brazilian forró.
The musical triangles measure approximately 16 to 20 cm.

Electric guitar

An electric guitar is a guitar that uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to convert the
vibrations of its metal strings into electrical signals. The sound of the guitar will be influenced by the
wood or material used, the construction of the instrument (fretting, tuning, intonation), as well as the
quality of its pickups. Since the signal generated is relatively weak, it is amplified before being sent
to a speaker. This output signal from the electric guitar can be easily altered by electronic circuits to
modify some aspects of the sound. The signal is often modified with effects such as reverb and
distortion. Conceived in 1931, the electric guitar arose from a need among jazz musicians seeking
to amplify their sound. Since then, it has evolved into a stringed musical instrument, capable of a
multitude of sounds and styles. It serves as an important component in the development of rock and
roll and other genres of music.
 Guitar

The guitar is a plucked string musical instrument, composed of a wooden box, a neck on which the
fingerboard or fretboard is attached, generally with an acoustic hole in the center of the top (sound
hole), and six strings. The frets are embedded in the fingerboard, which allow for the different notes.
Its specific name is classical guitar, Spanish guitar, Creole guitar or acoustic guitar.
It is the most used instrument in genres such as blues, rock, metal and flamenco, and quite
common among singer-songwriters. It is also used in genres such as tango, rancheras and
gruperas, as well as in the folklore of several countries. It is a fundamental part of the pulse and
pluck orchestra or rondalla, along with the bandurria and the Spanish lute. Instruments of the guitar
family are the requinto, the charango and the guitarron. The latter is frequently used by mariachis.

The bass

The electric bass, also called simply bass,[Link] -

cite_note-11 is a musical instrument from the chordophone family, similar in appearance and
construction to the electric guitar, but with a larger body, a longer neck and scale, and usually four
strings tuned according to the standard double bass tuning. 2 3 In order to avoid excessive use of
additional lines on the staff, the electric bass ―like the double bass― sounds an octave lower than
the notes represented in musical notation. Like the electric guitar, the electric bass needs to be
connected to an amplifier to produce sounds. Since the 1950s, the electric bass has increasingly
replaced the double bass in popular music as the rhythm section instrument that handles the bottom
lines.[Link] - cite_note-44 Although these vary
considerably depending on the style of music, the bassist performs a similar function regardless of
the style: establishing the harmonic framework and marking time or "rhythmic
pulse."[Link] - cite_note-55 The electric bass is used as
an accompaniment instrument or as a solo instrument in virtually all musical sounds.
How to make a musical instrument
MARACAS

Materials needed for 1 maraca: 2 plastic spoons; a plastic egg; decorative

adhesive tape; something to fill the egg with (legumes, rice, coins,...)

Instructions:
 Fill the egg with rice, chickpeas or whatever you have at home. Children can
do this and thus practice fine motor skills, concentration and attention. If you make
more than one maraca, fill them with different things, so they will sound different
and this will surprise the little ones a lot.
 Place the egg between the two plastic spoons and secure with adhesive
tape as shown in the photo.
 Made!!!

Album of music types and definition

1. Classical music
Classical music is a musical genre that covers the period from 1750
to 1820, mainly. There are many categories within this same one, it is
performed by large orchestras and some of the most recognized authors
are Beethoven, Mozart, Bach, Wagner, Chopin or Vivaldi, among others.

2. Opera
Opera is one of the most important cultural manifestations of the
17th century. Although it involves vocal, dramatic and theatrical
representation, opera music on its own is a musical genre.

3. Traditional music
Every region and culture in the world has its own traditional music.
This is a genre that includes many regional subgenres, it refers to the
rhythms that have been generated throughout history and that became
part of the cultural identity of each country.

4. Jazz
Jazz is a combination of blues, classical music and European
harmony. At the end of the 19th century, this rhythm emerged, giving the
world stars such as Louis Armstrong, Ray Charles and Tito Puentes.
Cities like New Orleans in the United States are world-renowned for their
jazz jams.

5. Blues
The blues is a fundamental musical genre for understanding the
history of contemporary music. The combination of African and
Western rhythms and melancholic and nostalgic lyrics resulted in the
blues that would undoubtedly be the influence for subsequent rhythms.
Some blues artists are B. B. King, Eric Clapton, Buddy Guy or Chuck
Berry.

6. Rhythm and Blues

Rhythm and Blues emerged from the blues, undoubtedly a rhythm
that revolutionized music. Faced with the new generations who
believed that the blues sounded outdated, the bands decided to add more
rhythm and sound, thus giving rise to Rhythm and Blues.

7. Rock and Roll

Rock and roll is a musical genre that achieved enormous popularity.
A combination of blues, country and rhythm and blues resulted in a
rhythm that got the entire world dancing and which to this day is a
reference and influence for great artists. Examples of rock and roll bands
or artists are Elvis Presley, Chuck Berry, Quincy Jones...

8. Pop
Pop is another rhythm derived from blues and rock and roll. With
strong influences from British folk and rhythm and blues, pop emerged as
a light and more commercial alternative. It is currently one of the best-
selling genres in the world, and the line between the term "pop" and
simply referring to commercial and popular music, whatever its genre, or
whether we are dealing with a type of music with its own identity, is not
clear.

9. Rock
Rock became another of the musical genres that came to stay. When
the great representatives of rock and roll disappeared, the new
generations took up the rhythm and the instruments and transformed it
into rock. More noise and instruments, but less dancing. Representatives
of rock are Queen, Guns n Roses, Metallica, Jimi Hendrix...

10. Gospel
In the mid-20th century, the musical genre known as gospel
emerged. It is a type of music that was heard in African-American
churches. A combination of black slave songs with hymns typical of white
churches. Without a doubt an unmatched rhythm.
Chicken in a shell coloring page
Images
Rocky soil

Organic soil
Clay soil
Mixed soil Peat soil

Limestone soil Saline soil

Silty soil

Humiferous soil
America map for coloring
Exports from America
In the case of Latin American nations, the most important are food
products (17 countries) and oil (nine countries).

Demonstrating the economic power of the region, it can be seen that all
North American countries export mainly manufactured products.

In Central America, Cuba is the main exporter of oil, while Nicaragua and
Guatemala are the main suppliers of coffee in the region.

In South America, the differences in geography are clearly visible: in the

north there is a large concentration of oil, in the west Chile and Peru are
some of the largest suppliers of copper in the world, and the
characteristics of the south allow for a predominance of the agricultural
sector.

America map for coloring

Imports from America
The increase in international demand for raw materials
generated by the irresistible rise of China changed the
terms of trade and clearly benefited Latin America.
However, despite what the most optimistic views hold,
trade between the Asian giant and our region is far
from being an example of South-South cooperation. On
the contrary, it reproduces the typical North-South
scheme developed by Great Britain during the 19th
century and consolidates the dependence and
primarization of Latin American economies. The
examples of Argentina, Brazil and Chile demonstrate
that the economic policies of each country can alter
this situation or worsen it.
Between 2002 and 2005, the terms of trade improved by 9% for Latin
America, mainly due to the increase in commodity prices demanded by
China. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and
Development (UNCTAD), commodity prices rose 44.8% between 2002
and 2005 in current dollars, excluding oil. Tropical beverages – coffee,
cocoa and tea – increased by 42%, rice by 50%, soybeans by 29%,
rubber by 96% and minerals and metals by 100%. During that period,
crude oil rose 114%. At the same time, prices for manufactured goods
in developed countries rose 20% below the quoted prices. Due to this
price relationship, the terms of trade of exporting countries specializing
in primary products improved. The UNCTAD terms of trade index by
product group shows four different situations: a sharp rise in the terms
of trade of oil exporters since 2003 (60% increase since 2002 and 50%
since 2000); a smaller rise in the terms of trade of mining exporters
(20% since 2003); a decline in the terms of trade of agricultural
exporters, whose terms of trade are somewhat below those of 2000 in
2005; and an even larger fall in the terms of trade of manufacturing
exporters (10% since 2000). In Latin America, price developments
affected each country differently depending on its production and
export patterns. For those that export manufactured goods and
commodities, such as Brazil and Mexico, the changes were
insignificant.

Album about agriculture in Guatemala

Fruit

 Avocado. It is produced in San Marcos, Chiquimula, Quiché,

Huehuetenango, Sololá, Sacatepéquez, Alta Verapaz and
Petén. Its harvest is from January to April of each year and
its export is directed mainly to Honduras and El Salvador.
 Cashew. It is produced in the provinces of Chiquimula,
Zacapa, Jutiapa and Escuintla. It is harvested from February
to May of each year.

 Pineapple. It is produced in Guatemala, Izabal, Escuintla,

Alta Verapaz and Petén. It is harvested from November to
March of each year and exported to the United States and El
Salvador.

 Papaya: It is produced in Zacapa, El Progreso, Chiquimula,

Jalapa, Jutiapa, Escuintla, Santa Rosa, Suchitepequez,
 Retalhuleu, San Marcos, Alta and Baja Verapaz, Izabal and
Peten. It is harvested from April to July and from September
to November.

 Peach: It is produced in Quiché, San Marcos,

Huehuetenango, Jalapa and Chimaltenango. It is harvested
from May to October and exported mainly to El Salvador.

Vegetables

 Carrot: It is produced in Chimaltenango, Sololá and the

United States. Its harvest takes place from December to July
and is exported mainly to El Salvador, Honduras and the
United States.
 Onion: It is produced in Quiché, Jutiapa, Huehuetenango,
Quetzaltenango, Santa Rosa and Sololá. It is harvested from
February to September and is exported mainly to El
Salvador, Nicaragua, the United States and Honduras.

 Potato: It is produced in Huehuetenango, Quetzaltenango,

San Marcos, Guatemala and Sololá. It is harvested from
June to September and exported mainly to El Salvador.

 Chile pepper: It is produced in Jutiapa, Baja Verapaz,

Guatemala, Chiquimula and Alta Verapaz and is exported
mainly to El Salvador and the United States.
  Asparagus: It is produced in Quetzaltenango,
Suchitepéquez, Guatemala, Sacatepéquez, Chimaltenango,
Alta Verapaz and Jalapa. It is harvested all year round

Opinion on covid 19 in Guatemala

According to some reports, people without symptoms can transmit the virus. It is not yet
known how frequently this occurs. WHO is reviewing ongoing research on this issue and
will continue to report on findings as they emerge.

Practicing respiratory and hand hygiene is important at ALL times and the best way
to protect yourself and others.

When possible, keep at least one metre distance between yourself and others.
This is especially important if you are next to someone who is coughing or
sneezing. Since some infected people may not yet have symptoms or may have
mild symptoms, it is advisable to maintain physical distance from all people if you
are in an area where the COVID-19- virus is circulating.

If you have been in close contact with someone with COVID19-, you may be
infected.

Close contact means living with someone who has the disease or having been
within one metre of someone who has the disease. In these cases, it is better to
stay home.

However, if you live in an area with malaria or dengue fever, it is important not to
ignore your fever. Seek medical help. When you go to the health center, wear a
mask if possible, stay at least one meter away from other people and do not touch
surfaces with your hands. If the patient is a child, help him or her follow this
advice.

If you do not live in an area with malaria or dengue, please do the following:

 If you become ill, even with very mild symptoms such as fever and mild
aches, you should isolate yourself at home.
 Even if you do not believe you have been exposed to COVID-19- but
develop these symptoms, isolate yourself and monitor your condition.
 You are most likely to infect others in the early stages of the disease when
you only have mild symptoms, so early isolation is very important.
 If you have no symptoms but have been exposed to an infected person,
quarantine for 14 days.

If you have definitely had COVID19- (confirmed by a test), isolate yourself for 14
days even after your symptoms have disappeared as a precaution. It is not yet
known exactly how long people remain contagious after recovering. Follow the
advice of national authorities regarding isolation.