1 How the cabinet of ministers will be formed?

 Election of the Legislature

 Appointment of the Prime Minister
 Selection of Ministers
 Cabinet Approval
 Oath of Office
 Cabinet Meetings

2 Why do we need to form separate Union Territories?

 Administrative Efficiency
 Special Status
 Political Stability
 Development Focus
 Security Concerns

3 Write the procedure for selection of Chief Minister.

Elections: The political party or coalition that wins a majority of seats in the assembly
is in a position to form the government.
Majority Party or Coalition: The political party or coalition with a majority of seats in
the state legislature is invited by the Governor (the head of the state) to form the
government.
Appointment by the Governor: The Governor formally appoints the leader of the
majority party or coalition as the Chief Minister
4 What are the Roles of Council of Ministers?
In a parliamentary form of government,the principle of collective responsibility is
very important. It means that the council of ministers is collectively responsible to the
parliament. The responsibility of the government is not of one minister but of all the
ministers. If something goes wrong with the policy of only oneo minister, the whole
council of ministers takes the responsibility

5 List the functions of Zilla Panchayat.

The Zilla Panchayat is an elected body that has several functions,
including:Development schemes: The Zilla Panchayat executes development scheme
schemes
Civic functions: The Zilla Panchayat provides civic functions in rural areas
Government duties: The Zilla Panchayat looks after government duties delegated to it

Page 1 of 7
6 a Explain the powers and functions of the Supreme Court.

Powers of the Supreme Court

Review: The Court has the authority to review laws and

1. Judicial Review:
executive actions to ensure they comply with the constitution. It can
invalidate laws that are unconstitutional.
2. Constitutional Interpretation:
Interpretation: The Supreme Court interprets the
roviding clarity on its provisions and principles, which
constitution, pproviding
helps shape constitutional law.
Jurisdiction: It hears appeals against judgments from lower
3. Appellate Jurisdiction:
courts, ensuring the correct application of law and justice.
4. Original Jurisdiction ses, such as disputes between
Jurisdiction: In certain cases,
states or involving the central government, the Supreme Court has
original jurisdiction and can hear cases directly.
Jurisdiction: The Court can give advisory opinions on legal
5. Advisory Jurisdiction:
or constitutional matters referred to it by the government.
Court:: It has the power to punish for contempt to uphold
6. Contempt of Court
the dignity and authority of the judiciary.

Functions of the Supreme Court

Resolution:: Resolves legal disputes, ensuring justice is

1. Dispute Resolution
delivered fairly and promptly.
prompt
2. Protection of Fundamental Rights Rights:: Safeguards the fundamental
rights of citizens, intervening when these rights are violated.
Development: Plays a crucial role in developing and evolving
3. Law Development:
laws through its judgments, setting precedents for lower courts.
court
Balances:: Acts as a check on the powers of the executive
4. Checks and Balances
and legislative branches, maintaining the balance of power in
government.
Litigation:: Allows for cases to be brought by
5. Public Interest Litigation
individuals or groups in the public interest, broadening
bro access to
justice.
Appointments: In some jurisdictions, the Supreme Court
6. Judicial Appointments:
may be involved in the appointment and transfer of judges in lower
courts.
Functions: Manages the administration of the court
7. Administrative Functions:
system, including settin g rules and procedures for court proceedings.
setting

These powers and functions ensure that the Supreme Court upholds the rule of
law, protects individual rights, and maintains the integrity of the constitution.

OR
b Illustrate the powers and functions of the High Court.

Powers of the High Court

Review: The High Court has the authority to review laws and
1. Judicial Review:
executive actions to determine their constitutionality. It can invalidate
laws that contravene the constitution.
Jurisdiction It hears appeals from lower courts, including
2. Appellate Jurisdiction:

Page 2 of 7
 district courts and tribunals, ensuring correct application of law and
justice.
3. Jurisdiction:: In certain matters, such as cases involving
Original Jurisdiction
fundamental rights or disputes between states and the central
government, the High Court can hear cases directly.
government,
4. Jurisdiction:: The High Court has the power to issue writs (such
Writ Jurisdiction
as habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, certiorari, and quo warranto)
to enforce fundamental rights and ensure justice.
5. Court: It can punish for contempt to uphold its authority
Contempt of Court
and dignity.
6. Jurisdiction: The High Court oversees the functioning of
Supervisory Jurisdiction:
lower courts and tribunals within its jurisdiction to ensure they adhere
to legal standards.

Functions of the High Court

1. Dispu
Dispute Resolution:: Resolves civil and criminal disputes, providing a
forum for justice at a higher level than lower courts.
2. Protection of Fundamental RightsRights:: Safeguards the fundamental
rights of individuals by hearing petitions and granting appropriate
remedie
remedies.
Precedent: Establishes legal precedents through its judgments,
3. Legal Precedent:
which guide lower courts and contribute to the development of law.
Role: Manages the administration of the court system
4. Administrative Role:
within its jurisdiction, including setting rules for court procedures and
judicial appointments.
Litigation:: Allows for cases to be filed in the public
5. Public Interest Litigation
interest, promoting access to justice for marginalized or affected
communities.
Functions: In some jurisdictions, the High Court may
6. Advisory Functions:
provide advisory opinions on legal matters referred to it by the
government.
Decisions: Can review its own decisions in certain
7. Review of Decisions:
circumstances to correct errors or ensure justice.

These powers and functions collectively ensure that the High CourtC serves as a
critical guardian of the constitution, protector of individual rights, and an
essential component of the judicial system.
7 a Outline the Roles and Responsibility of Governor of State.

Roles of the Governor

Head Acts as the ceremonial head of the state,

1. Constitutional Head:
representing the state in official functions and events.
Authority: Exercises executive powers on the advice of the
2. Executive Authority:
Council of Ministers, headed by the Chief Minister.
3. Legislative Role: gislative process, including
Role Plays a key role in the legislative
summoning and proroguing the state legislature, giving assent to bills,
and addressing the legislature.
Powers: Has the authority to grant pardons, reprieves,
4. Judicial Powers:
respites, or remissions of punishment under certain circums
circumstances.
Powers: Can recommend the imposition of President’s
5. Emergency Powers:
Rule in the state under specific conditions, leading to direct central

Page 3 of 7
 governance.

Responsibilities of the Governor

1. Appointment Powers:
Powers
o Appoints the Chief Minister, who is usually the leader of the
majority party in the legislature.
o Appoints other ministers on the advice of the Chief Minister.
o Appoints the Advocate General, State Election Commissioner,
and other key officials.
2. Legislative Functions:
Functions
o Summons and prorogues the state legis legislature sessions.
o Addresses the first session after each general election and the
beginning of each year.
o Gives assent to bills passed by the legislature, which is
necessary for them to become law.
3. Ensuring Stability:
Stability: Ensures the government remains stable bby
monitoring the political situation and intervening if necessary, such as
recommending President’s Rule.
Oversight:: Oversees the functioning of the state
4. Administration Oversight
administration and ensures that laws are implemented effectively.
Engagem : Engages with various stakeholders,
5. Constituency Engagement:
including local government bodies and civil society, to understand
state issues and promote development.
Management: Plays a role in managing crises, such as natural
6. Crisis Management:
government and other
disasters, by coordinating with the state government
agencies.
Role:: Represents the state at official functions, both
7. Representational Role
within and outside the state, fostering relationships with other states
and the central government.

These roles and responsibilities ensure that the Governor

Gover acts as a crucial link
between the central government and the state, maintaining constitutional
governance and promoting stability and development.
OR
b Relate the functions of the Union and the States

Functions of the Union

Defense The Union is responsible for maintaining armed

1. National Defense:
forces and ensuring the country’s defense against external threats.
Affairs: Manages international relations, treaties, and
2. Foreign Affairs:
diplomatic missions.
Policy: Formulates monetary policy, regulates inter-state
3. Economic Policy: inter
trade, and manages national economic strategy.
Legislation: Enacts laws on subjects enumerated in the
4. National Legislation:
Union List, which includes issues like defense, foreign affairs, and
railways.
Development:: Oversees major infrastructure pprojects
5. Infrastructure Development
that have national significance, such as highways and railways.
Regulation: Develops and implements policies for
6. Environmental Regulation:
national environmental protection and resource management.

Page 4 of 7
 Functions of the States

1. State Legislation:
Legislation Enacts laws on subjectsects in the State List, which
includes areas like health, education, and agriculture.
2. Local Administration:
Administration: Manages local governance, including
municipal and rural administration, ensuring that local needs are
addressed.
3. Law and Order: taining internal security and
Order Responsible for maintaining
law enforcement through state police and other agencies.
Services:: Provides essential services such as health care,
4. Public Services
education, and social welfare at the state level.
Development: Implements policies to promote local
5. Economic Development:
economic development, including support for small businesses and
industries.
Management: Manages state resources, including land and
6. Resource Management:
natural resources, within the framework of state laws.

Relationship Between Union and State Functions

1. Concur
Concurrent Powers:: Both the Union and states have powers in certain
areas (Concurrent List), such as education and agriculture. In these
cases, both can legislate, but Union law prevails in case of a conflict.
Coordination: Effective governance ooften requires
2. Cooperation and Coordination:
collaboration between the Union and state governments, especially on
issues like disaster management, infrastructure, and health care.
3. Financial Relations
Relations:: The Union allocates funds to states through
which helps states fulfill their
various grants and financial assistance, which
responsibilities.
Oversight: The judiciary interprets the constitution and can
4. Judicial Oversight:
resolve disputes between Union and state laws, ensuring a balance of
power.
Implementation: States often implement Union policies at the
5. Policy Implementation:
local level, ensuring that national programs are effectively executed in
various regions.

This relationship between the Union and states is vital for ensuring that
governance is responsive to both national priorities and local needs.
8 a Demonstrate the Role and Importance of District Collector.

Roles of the District Collector

Head: Acts as the chief administrative officer of the

1. Administrative Head:
district, overseeing the implementation of government policies and
programs.
Collection Responsible for collecting revenue, including
2. Revenue Collection:
land revenue and various taxes, ensuring proper financial management
within the district.
Maintenance: Works closely with law enforcement
3. Law and Order Maintenance:
agencies to maintain law and order, coordinating efforts during
emergencies or unrest.
Planning: Plays a key role in planning and executing
4. Development Planning:
development projects, ensuring that government schemes reach the
grassroots level.
Page 5 of 7
 Management:: Leads disaster management efforts,
5. Disaster Management
coordinating response and relief operations during natural disasters like
floods, earthquakes, or droughts.
6. Public Grievance Redressal
Redressal:: Acts as a link between the government
and the public, addressing grievances and ensuring that citizens’
concerns are heard and acted upon.
7. Elections
Ele Management:: Oversees the conduct of free and fair
elections in the district, ensuring that electoral processes are followed
properly.
Departments: Facilitates coordination among
8. Coordination Among Departments:
various government departments, ensuring smooth func functioning and
collaboration for effective governance.
Schemes: Ensures that welfare programs
9. Implementation of Welfare Schemes:
and schemes aimed at poverty alleviation, education, health, and
infrastructure are effectively implemented.

Importance of the District Collector

Col

Governance: The District Collector is vital for the effective

1. Local Governance:
implementation of policies at the local level, bridging the gap between
the state and the citizens.
Efficiency: Ensures that government functions
2. Administrative Efficiency:
managing resources and personnel in the district.
efficiently by managing
Management: Plays a critical role in managing crises,
3. Crisis Management:
providing timely responses that can save lives and mitigate disasters.
Trust:: Acts as a representative of the government, fostering
4. Public Trust
ransparency between the administration and the public.
trust and ttransparency
Development: Promotes local economic growth by
5. Economic Development:
facilitating infrastructure development and supporting various
initiatives that enhance livelihoods.
Implementation: Ensures that national and state policies are
6. Policy Implementation:
effectively translated into action at the district level, impacting the
lives of citizens directly.
Equity:: Focuses on ensuring that marginalized and vulnerable
7. Social Equity
communities benefit from government schemes, promoting social
ju
justice.

In summary, the District Collector is a pivotal figure in district administration,

playing multifaceted roles that contribute significantly to governance,
development, and the welfare of the community.
OR
b Summarize the Duties and responsibilities of Mayor.

Duties and Responsibilities of the Mayor

Leadership:: Acts as the chief representative and leader of the city,

1. Leadership
guiding the administration and setting policy directions.
Implementation: Oversees the implementation of city policies,
2. Policy Implementation:
ordinances, and regulations established by the city council.
Management: Prepares and presents the annual budget to the
3. Budget Management:
city council, ensuring fiscal responsibility and allocation of resources.
Engagement:: Engages with the community
4. Public Engagement community, addressing
citizens' concerns, and representing their interests at various forums.

Page 6 of 7
 Oversight: Supervises city departments and ensures
5. Administrative Oversight:
efficient delivery of public services, including sanitation, public safety,
and urban planning.
6. Crisis Management:
Ma : Coordinates responses during emergencies, such
as natural disasters or public safety issues, ensuring community safety
and support.
Development: Promotes initiatives that stimulate local
7. Economic Development:
economic growth, attract investment, and support businesses.
b
Relations:: Collaborates with other government
8. Intergovernmental Relations
entities, agencies, and organizations to secure funding and support for
city projects.
Relations: Works closely with the city council,
9. City Council Relations:
recommendations on policies and decisions.
providing updates and recommendations
Oversight: Ensures that law enforcement and
10. Public Safety Oversight:
emergency services operate effectively to maintain public safety and
order.

The Mayor plays a crucial role in shaping the governance of a city, balancing
administrative functions with community engagement and strategic planning.
administrative

Page 7 of 7