JOHN KENNETH BONGCAWIL III-SCI B

LABORATORY NO. 1
INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN BODY

Scope of Laboratory Activity

This laboratory activity consists of four (4) worksheets:
Worksheet no. 1 Anatomical Term
Worksheet no. 2 Directional Terms
Worksheet no. 3 Body Cavities
Worksheet no. 4 Body Planes and Sections

Overview
Imagine a student nurse working together with a health care provider. The doctor in charge gave
specific instructions about the plan of care for the patient. Would it be possible to execute the
plan of care correctly and effectively if the student nurse has no or has limited knowledge on
anatomical knowledge?
Basic knowledge on anatomical language is essential in effective communication among
healthcare providers. It is important to know that sharing common language in healthcare is
important in the effective and efficient delivery of care and transfer of information.
Objectives
After completing this exercise, you should be able to:
1. Use appropriate anatomical terminology to describe body landmarks, body surfaces,
directions, and planes.
2. Identify the body cavities and important organs in each of the body cavities

Materials
None
Worksheet 1 Anatomical Terms
Label figure 1.1 using appropriate anatomical terms referred to by the numbers. Write your
answers in the table provided in the next page.
 Figure. 1.1 Landmarks of the surface of the body

1. Cranium 8. antebratical 15. tarsus 22. oris 29. manus 36. gluteus
2. cephalon or 9. carpal 16. digits 23. MENTAL 30. pubic or 37. popliteus
head pubis
3. Cervicles or 10. phalanges 17. frons 24. thorax 31. pes or foot 38. sura
neck
4. 11. palmar 18. oculus 25. mamma 32. cervical 39. FIBULAR
ACROMIAL
5. axillary 12. femur 19. OTIC 26. umbilicus 33. Cervical 40. sole
(posterior neck)
6. branchial 13. patellar 20. bucca 27. hip 34. Scapular 41. lumbus
7. antecubial 14. crural 21. nasal 28. pelvic 35. Vertebral 42. planta
Worksheet no. 2 Directional Terms A.
Complete the following statements by indicating the appropriate directional term.
In the anatomical position, the face and palms are on the (1) anterior or ventral body surface,
the buttocks and shoulder blades are on the (2) posterior or dorsal
body surface, and the top of the head is the most (3) superior part of the body. The ears are (4)
superior to the shoulders and (5) lateral to the mouth. The heart is (6) anterior to the spine and
(7) medial to the lungs. The elbow is (8) proximal to the wrist but (9) distal_ to the shoulder. In
humans, the dorsal surface can also be called the (10) posterior or dorsal surface.

B.
Label Figure 1.2 with the directional terms from the bulleted list by writing the term in the
appropriate numbered blank.

Figure. 1.2 Directional Terms

1.anterior 2.posterior 3.superior 4.inferior
5.proximal 6. distal
• anterior or • distal • inferior •
posterior or • proximal • superior ventral
dorsal
Worksheet no. 3 Body Cavities and Body
Regions

Label the major body cavities on Figures 1.3a and

1.3b in the space provided. A.
 1. Cranial cavity
2. Spinal cavity
3. Thoracic cavity
4. Abdominal cavity
5. Pelvic cavity
6. Ventral body cavity

B. Figure. 1.3a Body Cavities

1. 14.

13.Mediastinum
4.

mediastinum
2. Cranial cavity 5.Superior Cranial cavity
6. Thoracic
cavitThoracic
7. Mediastinum
Thoracic cavity
8 Diaphragm
3.
12.
Vertebral cavity
9.
11.

10.

Vertebral cavity
Abdominal cavity

Figure. 1.3b Dorsal and Ventral Body Cavities

Abdominal
cavity
Pelvic cavity
 C. Label the regions and quadrants of the peritoneal cavity on Figure 1.3.c

Diaphragm
1.Right
1. hypochondriac Epigastric
6. 6. Left hypochondriac region
Ri region Region

7. 10. Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
Right Upper Quadrant

2. Right lumbar region Umbilical 5. Left lumbar

Region
region 8. Right Lower Quadrant
9.
(RLQ) Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ )

3. Right iliac Hypogastric 4. Left iliac

Region
(inguinal)

Figure 1.3c Regions and Quadrants of the Peritoneal Cavity

Worksheet no. 4 Body Planes and Sections

Identify the body planes and label Figure 1.4

Sagittal Plane

Frontal (Coronal) Plane

Oblique Plane

Longitudinal Section
Transverse Plane (2)

Right anterolateral view

Figure 1.4 Body planes and Sections

References:
Allen, C. & Harper, V. (2009). Laboratory Manual for Anatomy and Physiology. 3rd ed.
Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, c2009

J. Gordon Betts, Young, K. A., Wise, J. A., Johnson, E., Poe, B., Kruse, D. H., Korol, Oksana ,
Johnson, J. E., Womble, Mark , & DeSaix, P. (2013, April 25). Anatomy and Physiology.
Houston, Texas: OpenStax, c2020 CC License 4.0 license.

Abad, P., Paguio, J., & Valera, MJ. (2011). Laboratory Manual for Anatomy and Physiology.