Chapter 3 Forces and Name: ________________________
energy revision questions
and mark scheme Class: ________________________
Date: ________________________
Time: 54 minutes
Marks: 54 marks
Comments:
Page 1 of 15
Q1.
A powerlifter lifts a 180 kg bar from the floor to above his head.
(a) Use the equation in the box to calculate the weight of the bar.
weight = mass × gravitational field strength
gravitational field strength = 10 N/kg
Show clearly how you work out your answer.
180 x 10 = 1800
__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Weight = 1800N
(2)
(b) The powerlifter uses a constant force to lift the bar a distance of 2.1 m.
Use the equation in the box to calculate the work done by the powerlifter.
work done = force applied × distance moved in direction of force
Show clearly how you work out your answer and give the unit.
Choose the unit from the list below.
joule newton watt
___________________________________________________________________
Work done = ______________________
(3)
Page 2 of 15
(c) At the end of the lift, the powerlifter holds the bar stationary, above his head, for two
seconds.
How much work does the powerlifter do on the bar during these two seconds?
Draw a ring around your answer.
0 90 360 900
Give a reason for your answer.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 7 marks)
Q2.
The diagram shows an adult and a child pushing a loaded shopping trolley.
(a) (i) What is the total force on the trolley due to the adult and child?
50N
(1)
(ii) Which one of the terms in the box means the same as total force?
Draw a ring around your answer.
answer force mean force resultant force
(1)
Page 3 of 15
(iii) The trolley is pushed at a constant speed for 80 metres.
Use the equation in the box to calculate the work done to push the trolley 80
metres.
work done = force applied × distance moved in direction of force
Show clearly how you work out your answer.
50 x 80
Work done = 400
(2)
(b) Complete the following sentences by drawing a ring around the correct word in each
of the boxes.
joule
(i) The unit of work done is the newton .
watt
(1)
heat
(ii) Most of the work done to push the trolley is transformed into light .
sound
(1)
(Total 6 marks)
Page 4 of 15
Q3.
The diagram below shows one way of lifting a bucket of bricks.
(a) When the free end of the rope is pulled down, the load is lifted.
Complete the following sentence.
The work done in pulling the rope down is used to increase the ______________
energy of the __________________ and bricks.
(2)
(b) The weight of the bricks is 100 N and they are lifted 3 m.
Calculate the work done on the bricks.
Answer =100 x 3= 300J
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
Q4.
Page 5 of 15
A forklift truck was used to stack boxes on to a trailer.
It lifted a box weighing 1900 N through 4.5 m.
Calculate the work done on the box. Show your working.
4.5 x 1900
Work done = 4.5 x 1900 J
(Total 3 marks)
Q5.
To get a bobsleigh moving quickly, the crew push it hard for a few metres and then jump
in.
(a) Choose from the following words to complete the sentences below.
distance energy force speed time
You can calculate the work done by the bobsleigh crew like this:
work done = force × distance
The work done by the crew is transferred to the bobsleigh as kinetic energy
(3)
(b) Which of the following units is used for the amount of work done?
Underline the correct one.
joules newtons metres metres per second
(1)
Page 6 of 15
(Total 4 marks)
Q6.
A cyclist accelerates from a set of traffic lights.
The driving force of the back tyre on the ground is 250 N.
(a) How much work is done by this force when the cyclist travels 5 metres?
(Show your working.)
250 x 5
Answer 1250 joules (J)
(2)
(b) What happens to the energy transferred by this force?
The energy is transferred to the kinetic energy of the bike
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
Q7.
(a) The diagram shows a cable car used to take skiers to the top of a mountain.
Page 7 of 15
(i) The total mass of the cable car and skiers is 7500 kg.
Use the equation in the box to calculate the weight of the cable car and skiers.
weight = mass × gravitational field strength
gravitational field strength = 10 N/kg
Show clearly how you work out your answer and give the unit.
7500 x 10
Weight = 75000
(3)
(ii) The cable car moves at a constant speed. It lifts skiers through a vertical
height of 800 metres in 7 minutes.
Use the following equation to calculate the work done to lift the cable car and
skiers.
work done = force applied × distance moved in the direction of force
Show clearly how you work out your answer.
Mass x Acceleration = Force
800/7 = velocity =114.28
114.28/7 = 16.32 = acceleration
7500 x 16.32 =
Work done = 122,400 J
(2)
Page 8 of 15
(b) The diagram shows a skier who is accelerating down a steep ski slope.
(i) Draw an arrow on the diagram to show the direction of the resultant force
acting on the skier.
(1)
(ii) How and why does the kinetic energy of the skier change?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
(2)
(c) Last year, 18 000 skiers suffered a head injury. It is thought that nearly 8000 of these
injuries could have been avoided if the skier had been wearing a helmet.
However, at present, there are no laws to make skiers wear helmets.
Suggest why skiers should be made aware of the benefits of wearing a helmet.
Skiers should wear helmets in order to maintain safety
(1)
(Total 9 marks)
Page 9 of 15
Q8.
The diagram below shows an experiment where a pendulum swings backwards and
forwards.
A pendulum is a small heavy weight suspended by a light string.
(a) (i) In which position, A, B or C, does the pendulum have least potential energy?
Explain your answer.
B because all of the potential energy is being forced inside
(1)
(ii) In which position, A, B or C, does the pendulum have greatest kinetic energy?
Explain your answer.
A
(1)
(iii) After a few minutes the size of the swings becomes smaller.
Explain why this happens.
This happens because the force applied on the pendelum decreases after
every swing
(1)
(b) If the experiment were repeated on the Moon the pendulum would swing more
slowly.
Suggest a reason for this.
Page 10 of 15
Low gravity
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
Q9.
The diagram below shows a plank being used as a simple machine.
The crate is slid up the plank into the back of the lorry.
(i) The mass of the crate is 70kg. Calculate the weight of the crate.
___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________ Weight ____________________ N
(2)
(ii) Calculate the work done when the crate is lifted a vertical distance of 0.5m.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
______________________________________ Work done __________________
(4)
(Total 6 marks)
Page 11 of 15
Q10.
A rocket has a mass of 5000 kg and is travelling at a speed of 600 m/s.
Calculate the rocket’s kinetic energy in kilojoules. Show your working.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Kinetic energy = _______________ kJ
(Total 3 marks)
Page 12 of 15
Q11.
The diagram shows a wind turbine.
(a) The blades of the turbine are 20 metres long. On average, 15 000 kg of air, moving
at a speed of 12 m/s, hit the blades every second.
Use the equation in the box to calculate the kinetic energy of the air hitting the
blades every second.
kinetic energy = × mass × speed2
Show clearly how you work out your answer.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Kinetic energy = _________________________ J
(2)
Page 13 of 15
(b) Part of the kinetic energy of the wind is transformed into electrical energy.
The diagram shows that, for the same wind speed, the power output of a turbine, in
kilowatts, depends on the length of the turbine blades.
Give a reason why doubling the diameter of the blades more than doubles the
power output of a turbine.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
(1)
(Total 3 marks)
Page 14 of 15
Page 15 of 15
