ENERGY, WORK AND POWER EXERCISE
1 What form of energy is stored in candle wax?
A chemical B heat C light D mechanical
2 Which of the following types of energy is correctly paired with a source of that energy?
energy Source
A light moon
B sound vibrating object
C electrical vacuum
D kinetic object at rest
3 Which of the following is a major energy in Botswana?
A coal B geothermal C nuclear D water
4 Which electrical appliance converts sound to electrical energy?
Aamplifier B loudspeaker C microphone D radio
5 What are the energy changes as a boy runs up a flight of stairs.
A gravitational heat kinetic
B gravitational kinetic heat
C kinetic gravitational heat
D kinetic heat gravitational
6 An apple falls from a tree to the ground.
Which energy flow chart describes the energy changes of the apple?
Agravitational heat kinetic
B gravitational kinetic heat
C kinetic gravitational heat
D kinetic heat gravitational
7 Which source of energy is non-renewable?
A coal B solar C wind D wood
1
8 What type of energy source is shown in the diagram of the power station below?
A geothermal
B hydro-electric
C solar
D wind
9 Electricity is produced in a power station that uses coal as fuel. The diagram shows
some of the stages.
What is the form of energy in the coal, the water and the coils?
coal water coils
A chemical heat kinetic
B chemical kinetic gravitational potential
C kinetic heat kinetic
D kinetic kinetic gravitational potential
10 Which sourceof energy causes air pollution when it is used to generate electricity?
A coal
B geothermal
C sun
D tidal
2
11 The diagram shows a ball falling down a slope.
Which form of energy does the ball lose?
A gravitational B kinetic C sound D chemical
12 A brick of mass 2.0 kg falls from a floor which is 4.0 m high.
What is the kinetic of the brick when it touches the ground?
A 6.0 J B 12.0 J C 16.0 J D 80.0 J
13 Which quantity increases when the brakes are applied on a moving vehicle?
A friction B kinetic energy C speed D weight
14 The diagram shows two identical spheres placed on a slope and then allowed to roll.
Which statement is correct?
A Y has more weight than X
B Y will accelerate more than X
C Y will have more kinetic energy than X at the bottom of the slope
D Y and X will have the same speed at the bottom of the slope
15 The diagram shows a box of mass 50 kg pulled along 10 m long inclined frictionless
surface by a force of 250 N to a platform.
Calculate the workdone in pulling the box to the platform.
A 25 J B 250 J C 500 J D 2500 J
3
16 How much work is done when a force of 20 N moves an object through a distance of
500 cm?
A 0.25 J B 4.0 J C 100 J D 10 000 J
17 A strong wind lifts up a roof of weight 300 N to a height of 4.0 m.
How much work is done by the wind inlifting theroof?
A 75 J B 296 J C 304 J D 1200 J
18 A builder lifts a brick of mass 5 kg vertically upward from the ground to a height of 6.0 m.
(g = 10 N/kg)
How much work is done by the builder inlifting thebrick?
A 300 J B 60 J C 50 J D 30 J
19 The diagram shows a bar with a set of weights. The weights have a total mass of 110 kg
and are used in a weight lifting competition.
Two additional weights, each of mass 2.5 kg are now added, one at each end of the bar.
What is the work done in lifting the bar and its weights through a height of 1.8 m?
A 207 J B 1980 J C 2025 J D 2070 J
20 The diagram shows Thabo of mass 35 kg at the top of a staircase. (g = 10 N/kg)
How much work did he do to climb the stairs?
A 1750 J
B 1400 J
C 175 J
D 140 J
21 Water of mass 200 kg is pumped into a tank 4.0 m above the ground. (g = 10 N/kg)
How much work is done on water to raise it into the tank?
A 40 J
B 800 J
C 2000 J
D 8000 J
4
22 The work done when a bag of mass 4 kg is lifted is 20 J.
What height has the bag been lifted through? g = 10 N/kg.
A 0.5 m
B 2.0 m
C 25.0 m
D 800.0 m
23 A girl places a pack of 5 bottles on a shelf of height 1.5 m.
The work done to place thepack on the shelf is 45.0 J.
What is the mass of each bottle?
A 0.6kg B 3.0 kg C 9.0 kg D 30 kg
24 The diagram shows a man using a pulley to load a box of mass 50 kg into a car.(g=10
N/kg)
How much work is done in raising the box from the ground to the ground to the height of
1.5 m above the ground?
A 15 J
B 75 J
C 500 J
D 750 J
25 A donkey pulls a plough through a distance, s with a force, F in time, t.
Which relationship gives the power developed by the donkey?
A
B
C
D
26 An electric motor takes 10 s to lift a load of 400 N from the ground to a height of 6.0 m.
How much is the power developed by the motor?
A 0.15 W
B 240 W
C 667W
D 24000 W
5
27 A child pushes a brick across the floor by applying a constant force of 50 N. The brick
takes 10 s to cover a distance of 5 m.
Which of the following expressions shows the power developed by the child?
A
B
C
D
28 A household uses solar electricity from solar panels.
(a) State two advantages of using solar energy.
(i) ………………………………………………………………………………………….
(ii) ……………………………………………...……………………………………… [2]
(b) State the main energy change in the solar panel.
……………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
6
29 Fig.29.1 shows a crane lifting a 200 kg bucket of tools from the bottom of a dam 100 m
deep.(g = 10 N/kg)
Fig.29.1
The crane takes 20 seconds to lift the bucket of tools.
(a) (i) Calculate the potential energy gained bythe bucket of tools.
potential energy = ………………………………. [2]
(ii) Calculate the useful workdone by the crane in lifting the load.
workdone = ………………………………. [1]
(iii) Calculate the power developedby the crane.
power = ………………………………. [2]
(b) Explain why the actual energy transferred by the crane is more than the workdone by
the crane in lifting the load.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
7
30 A crane lifts 100 bricks each of mass 2 kg to the top of a building 4 m high in 10
seconds. (takeg = 10 N/kg).
(a) Calculate the workdone by the crane.
workdone = ………………………………. [2]
(b) Calculate the power developed by the crane.
power = ………………………………. [2]
(c) What form of energy do the bricks gain?
……………………………………………………………………………………………. [1]
8
31 (a) Fig.31.1 shows a speed-time graph of a ball thrown vertically upwards. (g=10 m/s2).
Fig.31.1
(i) What is the speed of the ball at the highest point?
speed = …………………………. [1]
(ii) Calculate the maximum height reached.
height = …………………………. [1]
(iii) How long does the ball takes to reach the highest point?
time taken= …………………………. [1]
(iv) What is the energy transfer taking place as the ball falls from the maximum
height to the thrower?
from …………………………………….. to …………………………………… [1]
(b) A box is pushed by a force of 100 N along a surface at a constant speed of 0.5 m/s
in 3 seconds.
(i) State the value of the friction force.
friction force = …………………………. [1]
(ii) Calculate the workdone in moving the box along the surface.
workdone = ………………………………. [3]
9
32 Fig.32.1 shows a solar panel used to run an electric motor.
Fig.32.1
(a) State the energy change in the solar panel.
…………………………………………………… ..………………………………………………… [2]
(b) The motor raises a load of 0.2 N to a height of 3 m 5 s.
(i) State the form of energy gained by the load as it rises.
……………………………………………………………………………………. [1]
(ii) Calculate the workdone by the motor to raise the load.
workdone = ………………………………. [2]
(iii) Define power.
……………………………………………………………………………………. [1]
(iv) Calculate power output of the motor.
power = ………………………………. [2]
10
33 A boy drops a stone of mass 0.5 kg into a well.
The stones takes 2 seconds to reach the bottom of the well. (g = 10 N/ kg)
(a) Calculate the depth of the well.
depth= ………………………………. [2]
(b) Calculate the kinetic energy of the stone just before it reaches the bottom of the well.
kinetic energy = ………………………………. [2]
(c) Calculate the velocity of the stone just before hitting the bottom of the well.
velocity= ………………………………. [2]
(d) State the assumption you make in answering (b)?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………..…………………………………….. [1]
(e) The boy now drops a 1.0 kg into a well.
How would the value of the kinetic energy compare with youranswer to (b)?
……………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
11
34 Fig.34.1 shows a boy of mas 15 kg about to slide down a very slippery slope 30 m long.
Fig.34.1
(a) First of all the boy climbs a vertical height of 3 m to the top of the slope.
Calculate the workdone by the boy to reachthe top of the slope.
workdone = ………………………………….. [3]
(b) State the major energy change as the boy moves down the slope.
………………………………………..…. to …..………………………………………. [2]
(c) Determine the velocity of the boy when he reachesthe end of the slope.
velocity = ………………………………….. [3]
12
35 Fig.35.1 shows a crane used to lift a load of 1000 N with a constant speed.
Fig.35.1
The load takes 15 seconds to lift by 3 metres.
(a) Calculate the speed of the load
speed = ………………………………….. [2]
(b) State the value of the tension, F, in the rope.
F = ………………………………….. [1]
(c) Calculate the
(i) workdone in lifting the loadby 3 metres.
workdone = ………………………………….. [2]
(ii) power output of the crane while lifting the load.
power = ………………………………….. [2]
13
36 Fig.36.1 shows a pendulum clock.
Fig.36.1
A bob of mass 0.025 kg takes 1.0 second to complete one oscillation.
(a) Define an oscillation.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………
…….……………………………………………………………………………………….. [1]
(b) Determine the time taken by the bob to move fromA to B.
time taken = …………………………… [1]
(c) (i) Calculate the potential energy gained by the bob when it move from B to C.
potential energy = …………………………… [2]
(ii) Calculate the velocity ofthe bob when it passes point B.
velocity = …………………………… [2]
(iii) State the assumption you make in answering (c) (ii)?
…….……………………………………………………………………………….. [1]
14
37 Fig.37.1 shows a speed-time graph of an object.
The object was projected vertically upwards from the ground and held briefly at its
maximum height.It was then released to fall to the ground.
Ignore air resistance. (g = 10 m/s2)
Fig.37.1
(a) Use the graph to determine the time
(i) taken by the object to reachits maximum height.
time = …………………………… [1]
(ii) the object washeld maximum height.
time = …………………………… [1]
(b) Calculate themaximum height reached bythe object.
maximum height = …………………………… [2]
15
(c) The mass of the object is 0.5 kg.
(i) Calculate the kinetic energy of the object as it leaves the ground.
kinetic energy = …………………………… [2]
(ii) State whether the maximum gravitational potential energy of the object is
equal to, greater than or less than the maximumkinetic energy of the
object.
statement …………………………………………………………………………….
explanation ………………………………………………………………………......
………………………………………………………………………………………….
[1]
16
