PA CITOR

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BAS IC

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 CAPACITOR BASICS

Table Of Contents

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

What Is A Capacitor? How Does It Work? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

What Effect Does A Capacitor Have On A Motor? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5

Types Of Capacitors & Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-7

Application & Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-9

Capacitor Trouble Shooting Flow Chart Explanation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Capacitor Testing Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10

Capacitor Trouble Shooting Flow Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

Motor Run Capacitors / Product Listing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12-14

Motor Start Capacitors / Product Listing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

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 CAPACITOR BASICS

CAPACITORS
1. INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this brochure is to provide practical information about Motor
Starting and Motor Run Capacitors as they apply to the Air Conditioning, Refrigeration and Heating
service industry. A basic understanding of electricity and electric motors is helpful if one is to derive the
most benefit from the presentation.

While this report is primarily written for service technicians, it is also worthwhile reading for wholesaler
sales people so they may knowledgeably assist their customers in selecting a capacitor.

2. WHAT IS A CAPACITOR? HOW DOES IT WORK?: Very simply, a capacitor is a device

that stores and discharges electrons. While you may hear capacitors referred to by a variety of names
(condenser, run, start, oil, etc.) all capacitors are comprised of two or more metallic plates separated by
an insulating material called a dielectric.

A very simple capacitor can be made with two plates

separated by a dielectric, in this case air, and connected to a
PLATE 1 PLATE 2

source of DC current, a battery. Electrons will flow away from

PLATE 1 PLATE 2
plate 1 and collect on plate 2, leaving it with an abundance
of electrons, or a “charge”. Since current from a battery only
flows one way, the capacitor plate will stay charged this way
unless something causes current flow.

If we were to short across the plates with a screwdriver, the

resulting spark would indicate the electrons “jumping” from
BATTERY
+ –
plate 2 to plate 1 in an attempt to equalize. As soon as the
screwdriver is removed, plate 2 will again collect a charge.

Now let’s connect our simple capacitor to a source of AC

current and in series with the windings of an electric motor.
Since AC current alternates, first one plate, then the other
would be charged and discharged in turn.

First plate 1 is charged, then as the current reverses, a rush

of electrons flow from plate 1 to plate 2 through the motor
windings. When the current reverses again the electrons will
PLATE 1 PLATE 2

+ BATTERY
– rush back to plate 1.

Note that electrons do not pass through the capacitor but

rather travel back and forth, from one plate to the other,
through the motor windings. This rush of electrons, first one
way then the other, has a desirable effect when applied to
certain motors.
PLATE 1 PLATE 2 MOTOR

AC SOURCE

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CAPACITOR BASICS

3. WHAT EFFECT DOES A CAPACITOR HAVE ON A MOTOR?:

Simple Split Phase Motor Simple Split Phase Motor:

Common split phase motors have two sets of
windings, start and run. Start windings are used to
overcome inertia and allow the motor to start under
RUN WINDINGS

load. Start windings are wound with smaller wire and

many more turns than run windings. This greater
resistance, as compared to the run winding, causes
the current in the run winding to lag behind that of the
ST. WIND.

start. The effect is much the same as two phase

current. The motor can start and when up to about
START SW.

3/4 speed, the start switch opens and causes the

start winding to drop out of the circuit.

It is the “out-of-phase” condition between the start

and run windings that produce the torque needed to
start the motor under load.
LINE

Capacitor Start Motor:

A start capacitor is added in series with the start
Capacitor Start Motor winding. The effect is to throw the current in the start
winding even further “out-of-phase” than can be
accomplished by the resistance of the start winding
RUN WINDINGS
alone.

The result is even greater starting torque. Typically,

an increase is from 300% to 500%. It also decreases
the starting current and increases the voltage on the
start winding from the circuit.
ST. CAP.
ST. WIND.

As with a simple split phase motor, when speed

ST. SW.

increases to about 3/4 of full speed, the starting

switch will open and remove the start capacitor and
start winding from the circuit.

NOTE: Since start windings are made of small size

wire and produce high resistance, they would quickly
LINE

burn out if left in the circuit beyond the time it takes

to bring the motor to 3/4 speed. Start windings can
fail for a variety of reasons which will be covered
later.

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 CAPACITOR BASICS

Capacitor Start - Capacitor WHAT EFFECT DOES A CAPACITOR HAVE ON A MOTOR?:

Run Motors (CONTINUED)

Capacitor Start - Capacitor Run Motors:

RUN WINDINGS

In addition to the start capacitor, a run capacitor is now added in

series with the start winding and parallel to the start capacitor.
RUN CAP.

While the start capacitor “drops out” when the motor reaches 3/4
speed, the run capacitor stays in the circuit at all times with the
start winding. Its purpose is to improve the power factor of the
ST. WIND.

motor during running and reduce current consumption. Although

ST. SW.

its purpose is not to aid in starting the motor, we shall see later
ST. CAP.

that it does have a small positive effect when starting.

Run capacitors have far lower capacitance and much different

LINE
construction and appearance than start capacitors.

PSC Motor Permanent Split Capacitor (PSC) Motors:

This type motor is a split phase motor with the addition of a run
capacitor in series with the start winding. No starting switch is
used, so the capacitor and start winding are in the circuit at all
RUN WIND.

times. The motor is so constructed to allow for this without

burning the start winding. A PSC motor has low starting torque
but is very efficient in operation and generally costs less that a
capacitor start-capacitor run motor.
RUN CAP.
ST. WIND.

To increase starting torque, most PSC motors can be fitted with

a so called “hard start kit” comprising of a potential relay and
start capacitor. Recently, the development of positive
temperature co-efficient resistors (PTCR) has allowed solid state
technology to be used to increase starting torque in PSC motors
in place of the traditional hard start kit. More on this will be
covered under “Application” section.
LINE

4. TYPES OF CAPACITORS & CONSTRUCTION:

A capacitor, as mentioned previously, is comprised of two metallic plates separated by some insulating
material commonly called a dielectric. The ability of a capacitor to store electrons is known as its capacitance
and is rated in microfarads, abbreviated mfd. A microfarad is one millionth of a farad.

The capacitance is dependent on the area of the plates, the distance between plates, and the stability of the
insulation. Of these, the area of the plates, is most important in determining capacitance. All else remaining
constant, an increase in plate area will yield an increase in capacitance.

Since we have already seen that capacitors are used for different purpose, i.e.: motor start or motor run, there
are different methods of construction used to produce capacitors. They are usually referred to by either type of
dielectric employed or by the function they perform.

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 CAPACITOR BASICS

4. TYPES OF CAPACITORS & CONSTRUCTION: (CONTINUED)

Motor Start (Electrolytic) Capacitors:

Start capacitors are comprised of compactly wound aluminum foil separated by layers of paper, all of which is
impregnated by a conducting electrolytic which creates the effect of two plates and a dielectric. The capacitor is
housed in a sealed phenolic container.

Start capacitors are designed for intermittent duty only, typically

for no more than 20 starts per hour, with each starting period not
to exceed three seconds. Longer starting periods or more
FOIL

frequent starts will lead to excessive heat rise within the capacitor
PAPER

and cause premature failure.

Start capacitors are rated in microfarads and voltage. Ratings

typically run from 100 VAC to 300 VAC and from 21 thru 1200
mfd. Proper selection of start capacitors is important and will be
ELECTROLYTE

covered under “Application”.

Motor Run Capacitors:

Unlike the plastic housing of the start capacitor, the run capacitor is typically enclosed in a drawn, seamless metal
can. While early run capacitors were round, today most are oval in cross section. This is because one day a
General Electric engineer realized that if the roll of the capacitor was compressed, it could fit into an oval can and
save space. Years ago, this type of construction was known as a “Gregg Oval” in honor of the inventor.

A run capacitor, unlike a start, is designed for continuous duty. It is in the circuit whenever the motor is running.
They typically have much lower mfd ratings that start capacitors; usually from 2 to 60 mfd. The common voltage
ratings are 370 and 440 VAC.

The purpose of the oil (or other fluid today) is to increase the dielectric strength of the paper or polypropylene and
to act as a heat sink. Remember, run capacitors are continuous duty devices and the large quantity of fluid helps
dissipate the heat before it can adversely affect the capacitor. Oil has a tendency to lose dielectric strength as
temperature increases.

About 35 years ago, oil was replaced with a chemical substance containing Polychlorinated biphenyl or PCB.
PCB is a wonderful dielectric and heat sink, however, it is injurious to the environment and has been banned by
the EPA. This led to the search for another dielectric and several have been developed that exhibit all the
desirable characteristics of PCB’s while being environmentally safe.

The only drawback to these new compounds is that they are flammable. If the heat increased too much, the
resulting pressure rise could burst the capacitor and start a fire. Therefore, all non-PCB capacitors incorporate a
physical interrupter to prevent excessive pressure rise.

As the pressure within the capacitor increases, the top of the

can “pops” upward, breaking the connection between the
terminals and the plates.
NORMAL FAIL SAFE MODE

PHYSICAL INTERRUPTER

Motor run capacitor construction has evolved over the past twenty years from a traditional use of paper,
foil, and a PCB-based impregnating oil, to two basic modern types.

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 CAPACITOR BASICS

4. TYPES OF CAPACITORS & CONSTRUCTION: (CONTINUED)

Impregnated Metallized Capacitors:

The newest technology in capacitor design is metallized film capacitors. In operation and application, they
serve the same purpose as conventional run capacitors, but their
construction is very different.
METALLIZED SURFACE
METALLIZED SURFACE

Rather than using sheets of foil separated by several layers of paper to

create the plates and insulation, metallized capacitors use sheets of
polypropylene film onto which is “sprayed”, or metallized, a thin layer of
metal. Two metallized films are then wound together very tightly to form
POLYPROPYLENE FILM
the capacitor.

The resulting roll is very hard and cannot be squeezed into a traditional
POLYPROPYLENE FILM

oval shape.

Therefore, many metallized film capacitors are round. They are, however, much smaller than conventional run
capacitors. A 35 mfd, 440 volt metallized capacitor is 50% smaller than an oil paper capacitor. It also weighs
60% less because there is much less liquid in a metallized capacitor. Many oval shaped run capacitors are
now metallized film. The “roll” is small enough to fit into the oval can previously used for film/paper
construction. Retaining the oval shape is important for the replacement market.
We learned previously that run capacitors are filled with a liquid that serves to strengthen the dielectric
characteristics of the paper and also to dissipate heat. In a metallized capacitor, the liquid is only used as a
heat sink. The polypropylene film is an excellent dielectric and requires no assistance. In fact, the capacitor
“roll” is wound so tightly that the liquid never penetrates between layers.
The core of a metallized capacitor is surrounded by many layers of plain polypropylene film. This provides
excellent insulation between the plates and the metal case and, therefore, no marking is necessary to indicate
the neutral terminal.
Finally, metallized capacitors “self heal”. The most common cause of capacitor failure is a breakdown of the
insulation between plates which leads to a short. If a hole occurs in the metallized film, an arc will jump
between the plates. The heat from this arc will vaporize the metal surrounding the hole and self extinguish,
thus preventing the short.
Metallized capacitors, because of their smaller size, weight, and longer life expectancy are rapidly gaining
favor with equipment manufacturers. In the near future, they will most certainly replace conventional oil-paper
run capacitors on new equipment.
Dry-Type:
Dry-Type capacitors are similar in construction to oil-filled, but do not use an oil impregnant. The
advantages of dry-type construction are a saving in size, and weight. The possible disadvantages are
a lower tolerance to high current failure conditions. Dry-type capacitors are finding their way into more
applications as engineers resolve difficulties encountered in field and life testing situations.
Dual and Triple Section Capacitors:
Multi-section capacitors are nothing more than two or three separate capacitor in a common enclosure
with one common terminal. They are marked with the voltage rating and the mfd for each section.

Example: 20/4 mfd 370 volt

5. APPLICATION AND REPLACEMENT:

When replacing a capacitor, it is best to install one of the correct voltage and microfarad rating for the
particular motor. Generally, however, a difference of 10% in mfd will not adversely affect the motor.
A problem arises when the proper capacitor is not readily available. While most technicians carry an
assortment of popular sizes with them, there is such a wide variety available that he may not always
have the proper one at hand. In this case, the correct rating can be achieved by connecting two or
more capacitors in parallel or series.

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CAPACITOR BASICS

5. APPLICATION AND REPLACEMENT: (CONTINUED)

Parallel Connection:
When capacitors are connected in parallel, the mfd rating will be the sum of the individual ratings. This can be
expressed in the equation CT = C1 + C2 + C3, etc. The effect of parallel connection is to increase the plate area.
The voltage rating of the lowest rated capacitor in the connection becomes the effective voltage of the
combination. If a capacitor rated at 125 volts, 180 mfd is required, two capacitors rated at 125 volts, 90 mfd each
can be wired in parallel.

Generally, a capacitor of the same mfd rating but a higher voltage

rating can be used as a replacement.

Example: 88-108 mfd 125V - replace with 88-108 mfd 330 volt.

Doing this will generally result in added cost and increased size. A capacitor of correct voltage and MFD rating
should be installed at the earliest opportunity.

From this, we can see why the run capacitor of a capacitor start/capacitor run motor slightly aids the motor in
starting. Since they are connected in parallel, the total capacitance on start up is the sum of both the start and
run capacitor.
Series Connection:
When capacitors are connected in series, the total capacitance is always less than that of the smallest capacitor.
The effect of connecting capacitors in series is an increase in dielectric thickness thereby reducing capacitance.
The formula for determining total capacitance in series connection is:

CT = C1 x C3
C1 + C3

Example: Two 250 mfd capacitors connected in series.

CT = = 125 mfd 250 x 250

250 + 250
The capacitance of two equal capacitors connected in series is one half the value of one capacitor.

The effective voltage when two capacitors are connected in series is the sum of the individual voltage ratings.
Therefore, two 250 mfd, 125 volt capacitors in series equals one 125 mfd, 250 volt capacitor. VT = V1 + V2.

When connecting capacitors in series, it is best to use two capacitors of equal mfd rating. If capacitors with
unequal mfd ratings are connected in series, the voltage will divide across them in inverse proportion to the mfd
rating.

Choosing Ratings:
Always select a start capacitor with a mfd rating no more than 10% ± of the one called for. When replacing a run
capacitor, never select a lower rating than the one called for. You may exceed the specified mfd as follows:

Specified mfd Do not add more than

10-20 mfd +2.5 mfd
20-50 mfd +5 mfd
50 and up mfd +10 mfd

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 CAPACITOR BASICS

5. APPLICATION AND REPLACEMENT: (CONTINUED)

When the rating is unknown, it is necessary to consult the manufacturer of the motor for the correct replacement.
Capacitors are matched to the internal construction of each motor and, therefore, no standard rule can be applied.

Voltage ratings for start capacitors should match the voltage of the motor, although a higher voltage rating will
have no effect, providing the mfd rating is correct. Never use a lower voltage rating as the capacitor will fail.

Run capacitors must have a voltage rating higher than the motor. Since run capacitors are in the circuit at all times
and connected across both start and run windings, they are subject to line voltage plus the voltages induced by
the windings. A 220 volt motor may require a 370 or 440 volt run capacitor. When in doubt, always use the next
highest voltage rating.

If the inlet or the discharge of a blower housing using a direct drive blower motor is obstructed, the motor will turn
at higher RPM. When this occurs, the induced voltage across the windings will increase. A properly rated
capacitor that fails due to high voltage could be an indication of improper air flow due to obstruction. In this
instance, the capacitor is acting as a performance fuse. If a higher voltage rated capacitor must be used, do so
only as a temporary measure.
Adding Capacitor Hard Start Kits:
Most PSC motors and compressors can be fitted in the field with a potential relay and start capacitor, generally
called a hard start kit. This allows the motor to start under a greater load than would normally be possible. It is
necessary to consult the manufacturer of a reliable cross reference to select the proper relay and capacitor.
Recently, the development of PTCR’s have replaced the hard start kit on certain applications. The PTCR solid
state start assist is connected in parallel with the run capacitor of the PSC motor and creates the additional “out-
of-phase” effect formerly provided by the relay and capacitor set up. While less expensive and easier to install, the
PTCR does not produce as much effect as the traditional hard start kit and so its use has generally been limited to
smaller motors.

Potential Relay/Start Capacitor

Connected as Hard Start Kit R
PSC MOTOR

C
S

5 2
COIL

POTENTIAL RUN
LINE CAPACITOR
RELAY

4 1

START
CAPACITOR

NOTE: A problem may arise when a motor is equipped with a start capacitor and potential relay. The contacts of a
potential relay are normally closed and open to drop the start capacitor from the circuit when the motor reaches
about 3/4 rated speed. When the contacts open, the capacitor can be left in a charged condition and the charge
will bleed off internally in several minutes while the motor runs. However, if for some reason, power is interrupted
soon after starting, the capacitor will not have time to equalize. The relay contacts will close immediately and the
full surge of the capacitor will be discharged across the contacts. Repeated instances like this will cause the relay
contacts to pit and burn and lead to the premature failure of the relay.
The remedy is to install a bleed resistor across the capacitor terminals. This resistor, usually 15,000 to 18,000
OHMS, de-energizes the capacitor in seconds after the contacts open.

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CAPACITOR BASICS

6. USE THE CHART ON PAGE 11 TO TROUBLE SHOOT CAPACITORS:

When a defective start capacitor is found, always check for the cause of failure. It could be that the failure was
normal, due to age. The replacement capacitor can then be expected to restore the motor to satisfactory
operation with no further problems.
Another cause of start capacitor failure may be a defective starting switch or relay holding the capacitor in the
circuit too long. Start capacitors are designed for intermittent duty only and excessively long start periods can
lead to premature failure. Also, the unit may be cycling too frequently. The general standard is for no more
than 20 starts per hour or the capacitor will deteriorate.
Either of these last two conditions will cause the replacement capacitor to also fail in a short time. Always look
for the cause of capacitor failure to avoid call backs.
Trouble Shooting Run Capacitors:
A shorted run capacitor has the effect of keeping the start winding in the circuit at all times. The motor
typically draws high amperage, runs hot and may cycle on overload. It will run at about 3/4 speed. To check,
disconnect one side of the capacitor while the motor is running, taking care to avoid electrical shock. If the
speed increases and the motor appears to run as normal, the capacitor is shorted and must be replaced.
With a multiple capacitor hook-up, testing for shorted capacitor is the same for parallel or series connection.
In parallel, if one shorts, the total capacitance of the system is decreased and the motor will start slowly. In
series, if one shorts, the capacitance increases but the voltage capability of the circuit decreases and, as a
result, the remaining capacitor soon fails.
An alternate test for a shorted run capacitor is with an OHM meter. A shorted capacitor will register zero
resistance.
An open run capacitor may have little apparent effect on the motor, which will appear to run near normal
performance. To test, disconnect one side of the capacitor and start the motor. Take a reading of the current
drawn with an ammeter. Now connect the capacitor. If the capacitor is good, the amps should drop. If there is
no change in amperage, the capacitor is defective and must be replaced.
CAUTION: When working with capacitors, always remember that they store an electrical charge. To prevent
electrical shock, never assume that a capacitor is discharged until you have manually discharged it. This can
be done by touching both terminals with the blade of a screwdriver having an insulated handle. This sudden
surge of electrons can, however, sometimes in itself damage the capacitor. A better way is to have a bleed
resistor connected to insulated leads and use this to jump the terminals. Use a 15,000 OHM resistor for starts
and a 220,000 OHM resistor for runs.

7. CAPACITOR TESTING EQUIPMENT:

There are a number of devices available for testing and evaluating capacitors. Some are relatively
inexpensive and indicate only whether the capacitor is open, shorted, or good.
More expensive units can be purchased which will tell you the mfd rating of a good capacitor if that
information is not on the unit. Your local parts wholesaler sells these devices and a technician who services
equipment with capacitors should consult with him to determine which test device best serves his needs.

8. CONCLUSION:
Capacitors are devices for storing electrons. They are used to increase the starting torque and power factor of
electric motors. Replacements must be made with care to insure the correct type and rating (mfd and voltage)
for each application. Two or more can be connected in parallel or series to arrive at different ratings. Trouble
shooting should be done in a logical sequence to insure the proper identification of the defective part.

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 CAPACITOR BASICS

Capacitor Trouble - Shooting

Flow Chart
DETERMINE TYPE OF STARTING PROBLEM

Motor will Motor starts

not start slowly

Probable causes Probable causes

Defective Start relay Shorted

Open Start Open Start
starting dropping out Capacitor
Windings Capacitor
relay too soon

Check for physical damage: Check for physical damage:

1. Broken or deformed case 1. Deformed case
or terminal board. or terminal board.
2. Leaking - If damage is evident. Replace 2. Leaking - Replace if
and test the motor. damage is evident.

Single Multiple Single Multiple

Capacitor Capacitor Capacitor Capacitor*

Parallel Series Substitute cap of

Place jumper across Connections Connections equal value. If motor
capacitor terminals. If responds, cap is bad
the motor starts and must be
slowly, cap is replaced.
defective and must Both must If one is
be replaced. be open for open,
motor not to motor will
start. not start. Disconnect one side of each
Jumper or Jumper capacitor and that capacitor
substitute or is discharged to prevent
Substitute cap with caps. If substitute damage to meter and
one of equal value. motor and prevent electrical shock.
1. If motor starts responds, replace if With an OHM meter, test
normally, cap is replace motor across terminals for
bad and must be capacitors. responds. continuity. A shorted cap will
replaced.
2. If motor does show zero resistance and
not respond, must be replaced. A good
cap is good and cap will show a momentary
problem is deflection of the needle. The
elsewhere. needle will move quickly to
the right then slowly back to
the left.

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 USA CAPACITORS
USASingle
USA Capacitors
Capacitors USA Dual Capacitors
® ® ®

SINGLE SECTION SINGLE SECTION DUAL SECTION DUAL SECTION

MARS NO. DESCRIPTION MARS NO. DESCRIPTION MARS NO. DESCRIPTION

MARS NO. DESCRIPTION

Round 370V Oval 370V Round 440/370V

Oval 370V
14098 10 MFD 370V RND 14066 25/5 MFD 370V OVL 14353 25/3 MFD 440/370V RND
14002 2 MFD 370V OVL
14069 30/5 MFD 370V OVL
14210 15 MFD 370V RND 14278 25/5 MFD 440/370V RND
14003 3 MFD 370V OVL
14072 35/5 MFD 370V OVL
14212 17.5 MFD 370V RND 14279 25/7.5 MFD 440/370 RND
14004 4 MFD 370V OVL 14171 40/5 MFD 370V OVL
14214 20 MFD 370V RND 14126 30/3 MFD 440/370V RND
14005 5 MFD 370V OVL 14174 45/5 MFD 370V OVL
14215 25 MFD 370V RND 14281 30/5 MFD 440/370V RND
14006 6 MFD 370V OVL
14217 30 MFD 370V RND 14282 30/7.5 MFD 440/370V RND
14007 7.5 MFD 370V OVL Oval 440/370V
14218 35 MFD 370V RND 14077 35/3 MFD 440/370V RND
14008 10 MFD 370V OVL 14184 25/5 MFD 440/370V OVL
14821 40 MFD 370V RND 14070 35/4 MFD 440/370V RND
14187 30/5 MFD 440/370V OVL
14009 12.5 MFD 370V OVL
14823 45 MFD 370V RND 14283 35/5 MFD 440/370V RND
14185 35/5 MFD 440/370V OVL
14010 15 MFD 370V OVL 14225 50 MFD 370V RND 14188 35/7.5 MFD 440/370V OVL 14284 35/7.5 MFD 440/370V RND
14012 17.5 MFD 370V OVL 14226 55 MFD 370V RND 14091 35/10 MFD 440/370V RND
14086 40/5 MFD 440/370V OVL
14014 20 MFD 370V OVL 14227 60 MFD 370V RND 14078 40/3 MFD 440/370V RND
14189 40/7.5MFD 440/370V OVL
14015 25 MFD 370V OVL 14229 70 MFD 370V RND 14190 45/5 MFD 440/370V OVL 14286 40/5 MFD 440/370V RND
14017 30 MFD 370V OVL 14199 80 MFD 370V RND 14140 80 MFD 440/370V OVL 14287 40/7.5 MFD 440/370V RND
14018 35 MFD 370V OVL 14297 80/5 MFD 440/370V OVL 14088 40/10 MFD 440/370V RND
14021 40 MFD 370V OVL Round 440/370V 14298 80/7.5MFD 440/370 OVL 14079 45/3 MFD 440/370V RND
14023 45 MFD 370V OVL 14105 5 MFD 440/370V RND 14288 45/5 MFD 440/370V RND
14107 7.5 MFD 440/370V RND Round 370V 14289 45/7.5 MFD 440/370V RND
14025 50 MFD 370V OVL
14232 10 MFD 440/370V RND 14260 20/5 MFD 370V RND 14172 45/10 MFD 440/370V RND
14089 70 MFD 370V OVL
14833 12.5 MFD 440/370V RND 14261 25/5 MFD 370V RND
14090 80 MFD 370V OVL 14290 50/5 MFD 440/370V RND
14264 30/5 MFD 370V RND
14234 15 MFD 440/370V RND 14291 50/7.5 MFD 440/370V RND
14266 35/5 MFD 370V RND
14237 20 MFD 440/370V RND 14124 50/10 MFD 440/370V RND
Oval 440/370V 14178 40/5 MFD 370V RND
14240 25 MFD 440/370V RND 14299 55/10 MFD 440/370V RND
14027 3 MFD 440/370V OVL 14268 40/7.5 MFD 370V RND
14241 30 MFD 440/370V RND 14292 55/5 MFD 440/370V RND
14028 4 MFD 440/370V OVL 14269 45/5 MFD 370V RND
14243 35 MFD 440/370V RND 14293 55/7.5 MFD 440/370V RND
14029 5 MFD 440/370V OVL 14249 45/7.5 MFD 370V RND
14245 40 MFD 440/370V RND 14294 60/5 MFD 440/370V RND
14030 6 MFD 440/370V OVL 14191 50/5 MFD 370V RND
14248 45 MFD 440/370V RND 14295 60/7.5 MFD 440/370V RND
14192 50/7.5 MFD 370V RND
14031 7.5 MFD 440/370V OVL
14251 50 MFD 440/370V RND 14296 60/10 MFD 440/370V RND
14239 50/10 MFD 370V RND
14032 10 MFD 440/370V OVL 14252 55 MFD 440/370V RND 14193 55/5MFD 370V RND 14358 65/5 MFD 440/370V RND
14033 12.5 MFD 440/370V OVL 14254 60 MFD 440/370V RND 14359 65/7.5 MFD 440/370V RND
14194 55/7.5 MFD 370V RND
14034 15 MFD 440/370V OVL 14256 65 MFD 440/370V RND 14162 65/10 MFD 440/370V RND
14195 60/5 MFD 370V RND
14037 20 MFD 440/370V OVL 14258 70 MFD 440/370V RND 14196 60/7.5 MFD 370V RND 14255 70/5 MFD 440/370V RND
14040 25 MFD 440/370V OVL 14259 80 MFD 440/370V RND 14054 70/7.5 MFD 370V RND 14166 70/7.5 MFD 440/370V RND
14041 30 MFD 440/370V OVL 14197 80/5 MFD 370V RND 14169 70/10 MFD 440/370V RND
14043 35 MFD 440/370V OVL 14198 80/7.5 MFD 370V RND 14257 80/5 MFD 440/370V RND
14045 40 MFD 440/370V OVL 14201 80/10 MFD 370V RND 14216 80/7.5 MFD 440/370V RND

14048 45 MFD 440/370V OVL 14117 80/10 MFD 440/370V RND

14049 50 MFD 440/370V OVL

14050 55 MFD 440/370V OVL
14051 60 MFD 440/370V OVL

Scan to view
“Why MARS USA Capacitors”

12
 Blue Box RUN CAPACITORS
SINGLE SECTION
370 Volt Oval 440 Volt Oval 370 Volt Round 440 Volt Round
MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad
12002 2 12026 2 12092 2 12102 2
12003 3 12019 2.5 12093 3 12103 3
12004 4 12027 3 12094 4 12104 4
12005 5 12028 4 12095 5 12105 5
12006 6 12029 5 12096 6 12106 6
12007 7.5 12030 6 12097 7.5 12107 7.5
12008 10 12031 7.5 12098 10 12232 10
12009 12.5 12032 10 12099 12.5 12233 12.5
12010 15 12033 12.5 12210 15 12234 15
12012 17.5 12034 15 12211 16 12236 17.5
12014 20 12036 17.5 12212 17.5 12237 20
12015 25 12037 20 12214 20 12240 25
12017 30 12040 25 12215 25 12241 30
12018 35 12041 30 12217 30 12243 35
12021 40 12043 35 12218 35 12245 40
12023 45 12045 40 12221 40 12248 45
12025 50 12048 45 12223 45 12251 50
12024 55 12049 50 12225 50 12252 55
12087 60 12050 55 12226 55 12254 60
12011 65 12051 60 12227 60 12357 65
12089 70 12052 65 12128 65 12258 70
12090 80 12130 70 12229 70 12259 80
12135 75 12199 80 12068 90
12140 80 12116 100

DUAL SECTION
370 Volt Oval 440 Volt Oval 370 Volt Round 440 Volt Round
MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad
12141 15/3 12165 10/5 12121 15/3 12111 10/5
12056 15/4 12270 15/4 12122 15/4 12118 15/5
12203 12356 15/10
12057 15/5 12271 15/5 15/5
12350 17.5/5
12204 15/10
12058 15/10 12177 15/10 12205 17.5/4 12115 20/5
12059 17.5/4 12180 20/5 12206 17.5/5 12354 20/7.5
12060 17.5/5 12083 20/15 12207 20/4 12351 20/10
12061 20/3 12184 25/5 12260 20/5 12112 20/15
12016 12353 25/3
12062 20/4 12182 25/7.5 20/7.5
12355 25/4
12208 20/10
12063 20/5 12183 25/10 12209 20/15 12278 25/5
12064 20/10 12186 25/15 12242 25/3 12279 25/7.5
12164 20/15 12181 30/4 12175 25/4 12113 25/10
12142 25/3 12187 30/5 12261 25/5 12114 25/15
12262 12126 30/3
12065 25/4 12038 30/7.5 25/7.5
12120 30/4
12213 25/10
12066 25/5 12035 30/10 12244 30/3 12281 30/5
12143 25/7.5 12085 35/3 12263 30/4 12282 30/7.5
12131 25/8 12179 35/4 12264 30/5 12352 30/10
12167 25/10 12185 35/5 12224 30/7.5 12077 35/3
12133 25/15 12188 35/7.5 12228 30/10 12070 35/4
12039 30/15 12283 35/5
12144 30/3 12176 35/8.5 12082 35/3 12119 35/6
12145 30/4 12272 35/10 12231 35/4 12284 35/7.5
12069 30/5 12080 40/3 12266 35/5 12091 35/10
12146 30/7.5 12086 40/5 12235 35/7.5 12078 40/3
12147 30/10 12189 40/7.5 12238 35/10 12285 40/4
12074 40/3 12286 40/5
12148 35/3 12273 40/10 12267 40/4 12220 40/6
12071 35/4 12190 45/5 12178 40/5 12287 40/7.5
12072 35/5 12274 45/7.5 12268 40/7.5 12088 40/10
12149 35/7.5 12108 50/5 12246 40/10 12079 45/3
12150 35/10 12013 50/7.5 12073 45/3 12219 45/4
12247 45/4 12288 45/5
12151 40/3 12275 55/5 12269 45/5 12127 45/6
12158 40/4 12276 55/10 12249 45/7.5 12289 45/7.5
12171 40/5 12109 60/5 12250 45/10 12172 45/10
12152 40/7.5 12110 60/7.5 12075 50/3 12290 50/5
12134 40/10 12101 65/10 12191 50/5 12291 50/7.5
12192 50/7.5 12124 50/10
12173 45/3 12297 80/5 12239 50/10 12253 50/12.5
12174 45/5 12298 80/7.5 12193 55/5 12292 55/5
12153 45/7.5 12194 55/7.5 12293 55/7.5
12136 45/10 12067 55/10 12299 55/10
12137 45/15 12076 60/3 12160 60/3
12195 60/5 12294 60/5
12138 50/5
12196 60/7.5 12295 60/7.5
12154 55/5 12265 60/10 12296 60/10
12155 55/7.5 12042 65/5 12161 60/12.5
12139 60/5 12053 70/5 12358 65/5
12156 60/7.5 12054 70/7.5 12359 65/7.5
12055 70/10 12162 65/10
12157 60/10
12044 75/5 12255 70/5
12159 65/5 12046 75/7.5 12166 70/7.5
12163 80/5 12084 75/10 12169 70/10
12123 80/7.5 12197 80/5 12168 75/5
12198 80/7.5 12125 75/7.5
12201 80/10 12047 75/10
12202 80/12.5 12257 80/5
12129 85/5 12216 80/7.5
12230 85/7.5
13
12117 80/10
12222 85/10 12022 85/5
12020 85/7.5
12001 85/10
 RUN CAPACITORS
SINGLE SECTION
370 Volt Oval 440 Volt Oval 370 Volt Round 440 Volt Round
MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad
12902 2 12926 2 12992 2 12802 2
12903 3 12919 2.5 12993 3 12803 3
12904 4 12927 3 12994 4 12804 4
12905 5 12928 4 12995 5 12805 5
12906 6 12929 5 12996 6 12806 6
12907 7.5 12930 6 12997 7.5 12807 7.5
12908 10 12931 7.5 12998 10 12732 10
12909 12.5 12932 10 12999 12.5 12733 12.5
12910 15 12933 12.5 12710 15 12734 15
12912 17.5 12934 15 12911 16 12736 17.5
12914 20 12936 17.5 12712 17.5 12737 20
12915 25 12937 20 12714 20 12740 25
12917 30 12940 25 12715 25 12741 30
12918 35 12941 30 12717 30 12743 35
12921 40 12943 35 12718 35 12745 40
12923 45 12945 40 12721 40 12748 45
12925 50 12948 45 12723 45 12751 50
12924 55 12949 50 12725 50 12752 55
12987 60 12950 55 12726 55 12754 60
12988 65 12951 60 12727 60 12657 65
12989 70 12952 65 12828 65 12758 70
12990 80 12830 70 12729 70 12759 80
12831 75 12899 80 12868 90
12840 80 12916 100

DUAL SECTION
370 Volt Oval 440 Volt Oval 370 Volt Round 440 Volt Round
MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad
12841 15/3 12765 10/5 12701 15/3 12811 10/5
12956 15/4 12770 15/4 12702 15/4 12818 15/5
12957 15/5 12771 15/5 12703 15/5 12656 15/10
12704 15/10 12650 17.5/5
12958 15/10 12777 15/10
12705 17.5/4 12780 20/5
12959 17.5/4 12880 20/5 12706 17.5/5 12654 20/7.5
12960 17.5/5 12983 20/15 12707 20/4 12651 20/10
12961 20/3 12884 25/5 12760 20/5 12812 20/15
12962 20/4 12882 25/7.5 12716 20/7.5 12653 25/3
12963 20/5 12883 25/10 12708 20/10 12655 25/4
12709 20/15 12778 25/5
12864 20/10 12886 25/15
12711 25/3 12779 25/7.5
12964 20/15 12881 30/4 12875 25/4 12813 25/10
12842 25/3 12887 30/5 12761 25/5 12814 25/15
12965 25/4 12982 30/7.5 12762 25/7.5 12826 30/3
12966 25/5 12835 30/10 12713 25/10 12820 30/4
12843 25/7.5 12985 35/3 12720 30/3 12781 30/5
12763 30/4 12782 30/7.5
12832 25/8 12879 35/4 12764 30/5 12652 30/10
12867 25/10 12885 35/5 12724 30/7.5 12977 35/3
12833 25/15 12888 35/7.5 12728 30/10 12870 35/4
12844 30/3 12876 35/8.5 12939 30/15 12783 35/5
12845 30/4 12772 35/10 12730 35/3 12784 35/7.5
12969 30/5 12877 40/3 12731 35/4 12797 35/10
12766 35/5 12978 40/3
12846 30/7.5 12986 40/5 12735 35/7.5 12785 40/4
12847 30/10 12889 40/7.5 12738 35/10 12786 40/5
12848 35/3 12773 40/10 12739 40/3 12920 40/6
12971 35/4 12890 45/5 12767 40/4 12787 40/7.5
12972 35/5 12774 45/7.5 12878 40/5 12798 40/10
12849 12768 40/7.5 12979 45/3
35/7.5 12808 50/5
12746 40/10 12891 45/4
12850 35/10 12913 50/7.5 12747 45/3 12788 45/5
12851 40/3 12775 55/5 12947 45/4 12827 45/6
12858 40/4 12822 55/10 12769 45/5 12789 45/7.5
12871 40/5 12809 60/5 12749 45/7.5 12872 45/10
12852 40/7.5 12776 60/7.5 12750 45/10 12790 50/5
12753 50/3 12791 50/7.5
12834 40/10 12810 65/10 12755 50/5
12874 12892 50/10
45/5 12815 80/5 12825 50/7.5 12719 50/12.5
12853 45/7.5 12898 80/7.5 12757 50/10 12792 55/5
12836 45/10 12893 55/5 12793 55/7.5
12837 45/15 12894 55/7.5 12799 55/10
12838 50/5 12967 55/10 12860 60/3
12976 60/3 12794 60/5
12854 55/5 12895 60/5
12855 55/7.5 12795 60/7.5
12896 60/7.5 12796 60/10
12839 60/5 12865 60/10 12861 60/12.5
12856 60/7.5 12742 65/5 12742 65/5
12857 60/10 12953 70/5 12659 65/7.5
12859 12954 70/7.5 12862 65/10
65/5
12955 70/10 12823 70/5
12863 80/5 12744 75/5
12817 80/7.5 12866 70/7.5
12946 75/7.5 12869 70/10
12984 75/10 12968 75/5
12897 80/5 12901 75/7.5
12819 80/7.5 12935 75/10
12824 80/10 12801 80/5
12722 80/12.5 12816 80/7.5
12829 85/5 12821 80/10
14
12756 85/7.5 12938 85/5
12922 85/10 12942 85/7.5
12944 85/10
 START CAPACITORS
Blue Box
SINGLE SECTION SINGLE SECTION
165 Volts AC 330 Volts AC 165 Volts AC 330 Volts AC
MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad
11075 72-88 11055 21-25 11975 72-88 11955 21-25
11076 88-108 11056 25-30 11976 88-108 11956 25-30
11077 108-130 11057 30-36 11977 108-130 11957 30-36
11031 124-149 11058 36-43 11931 124-149 11958 36-43
11032 145-175 11059 43-56 11932 145-175 11959 43-56
11033 161-193 11060 56-72 11933 161-193 11995 56-72
11034 189-227 11160 64-77 11934 189-227 11960 64-77
11078 216-259 11061 72-88 11978 216-259 11961 72-88
11035 233-292 11062 88-108 11935 233-292 11962 88-108
11036 270-324 11063 108-130 11936 270-324 11963 108-130
11079 340-408 11064 130-156 11979 340-408 11964 130-156
11080 378-455 11165 124-156 11980 378-455 11965 124-156
11037 400-480 11092 135-162 11994 400-480 11992 135-162
11081 540-648 11066 145-175 11981 540-648 11966 145-175
11082 710-850 11067 161-193 11982 710-850 11967 161-193
11083 810-972 11068 189-227 11983 810-972 11968 189-227
11069 216-259 11969 216-259
11070 270-324 11970 270-324
11093 300-360 11993 300-360

DUAL SECTION DUAL SECTION

110/125 Dual Voltage AC 220/250 Dual Voltage AC 110/125 Dual Voltage AC 220/250 Dual Voltage AC
MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad MARS No. Microfarad
11002 21-25 11038 21-25 11902 21-25 11938 21-25
11003 25-30 11039 25-30 11903 25-30 11939 25-30
11004 30-36 11040 30-36 11904 30-36 11940 30-36
11005 36-43 11041 36-43 11905 36-43 11941 36-43
11006 43-56 11042 43-56 11906 43-56 11942 43-56
11007 56-72 11043 56-72 11907 56-67 11943 56-72
11008 72-88 11084 59-71 11908 72-88 11984 59-71
11009 88-108 11137 64-77 11909 88-108 11937 64-77
11010 108-130 11044 72-88 11910 108-130 11944 72-88
11112 124-156 11045 88-108 11912 124-156 11945 88-108
11011 130-156 11046 108-130 11911 130-156 11946 108-130
11013 145-175 11148 124-156 11913 145-175 11948 124-156
11014 161-193 11049 145-175 11914 161-193 11949 145-175
11015 189-227 11050 161-193 11915 189-227 11950 161-193
11016 200-240 11051 189-227 11916 200-240 11951 189-227
11017 216-259 11052 216-259 11917 216-259 11952 216-259
11018 233-292 11053 233-292 11918 233-292 11953 233-292
11019 270-324 11054 270-324 11919 270-324 11954 270-324
11020 300-360 11085 280-336 11920 300-360 11985 280-336
11021 324-388 11086 320-384 11921 324-388 11986 320-384
11022 340-408 11087 340-408 11922 340-408 11987 340-408
11023 378-440 11088 378-455 11923 378-440 11988 378-455
11024 400-480 11089 400-480 11924 400-480 11989 400-480
11071 430-516 11090 430-516 11971 430-516 11990 430-516
11025 460-552 11091 630-750 11925 460-552 11991 630-750
11026 540-648 11926 540-648
11027 590-708 11927 590-708 11200
11047 645-774 11947 645-774 Turbolytic™50
11028 708-850 11928 708-850 12300
Turbo®200X
11072 815-970 11972 815-970
11029 829-995 11929 829-995
11073 850-1020 11973 850-1020
11030 1000-1200 11930 1000-1200
11074 1290-1548 11974 1290-1548

TURBO 200 ® Universal Run & Start Capacitor Replacement

One model covers a range of single and dual mfd ratings.
MARS # Description Microfarad
12100 TURBO® 200 mini 2.5 mfd - 12.5 mfd, 370V or 440V
12200 TURBO® 200 2.5 mfd - 67.5 mfd, 370V or 440V
12300 TURBO® 200 X 5.0 mfd - 97.5 mfd, 370V or 440V
11200 Turbolytic™ 50 Universal Motor Start Capacitor 23 mfd - 302 mfd, 125V to 330V
12200
Turbo®200
11100 Turbolytic™ JR 23 mfd - 208 mfd, 125V to 330V 11100
Turbolytic™ JR
12100
Turbo®200 Mini

15
 Why
Choose
MARS?
The Leading
Brands You MARS has been serving the HVAC/R market
since 1946 and is proud to present the most
Trust For... complete motor and accessory product
offering to serve your needs. Our capabilities
include:

• Consolidation - One Stop Shop

•Quality • Over 14,000 combinable products

• Value-added sales support and services
•Innovation • Industry leading brands
• Award winning distribution facilities
•Design • +97% order fill rate

•Leadership • Billing accuracy

• Bilingual Website
• Training Focused
• EDI capabilities

Thank you for your business !

© 2020 MOTORS & ARMATURES, INC. CAPACITOR BROCHURE (USA) 5/2020 98610
MARS is a registered trademark of Motors & Armatures, Inc.
MARS part numbers are trademarks of Motors & Armatures, Inc.