English 2
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taqihaide15ISC ENGLISH GRAMMAR
TRANSFORMATION OF SENTENCES
These are the types of Transformations which will come in your exams.
Common Trends:
1. Comparative and Superlative Constructions:
• Many questions involve transforming sentences using comparative or
superlative constructions. This requires an understanding of the degrees of
comparison and the appropriate structures.
2. Time Sequences:
• Transformations related to time sequences, such as using "No sooner
than" or restructuring sentences to show simultaneous actions, are
common.
3. Conversion to Reported Speech:
• Questions often test the ability to convert direct speech to reported
speech. This includes understanding changes in pronouns, tenses, and other
reporting verbs.
4. Contrast and Concession:
• Transformations involving contrast and concession, like using
"although," "in spite of," or "yet," are frequent. These questions assess the
ability to express contrast in different ways.
5. Restructuring Sentences:
• Some questions involve restructuring sentences while maintaining the
original meaning. This tests the ability to manipulate sentence structures
effectively.
6. Negative Construction:
• Transformations involving negation, like using "none but" or
restructuring sentences with a negative tone, are commonly tested.
7. Interrogative Construction:
• There are instances where questions involve transforming declarative
sentences into interrogative forms, requiring an understanding of question
formation.
8. Use of Connectors:
• Questions often assess the use of connectors such as "besides,"
"unless," "in all probability," and others. This requires an understanding of
how these connectors affect sentence structure.
9. Conversion to Passive Voice:
• In some cases, questions involve transforming active voice sentences
into passive voice. This tests the understanding of passive voice
constructions.
10. Comparisons and Analogies:
• Questions may assess vocabulary and logical understanding through
comparisons, analogies, or relationships between words.
1. Comparative and Superlative Constructions:
Rules:
• Comparative: Used for comparing two things. Structure:
adjective/adverb + "-er" or "more" + adjective/adverb. Example: He is taller
than his brother.
• Superlative: Used for comparing three or more things. Structure: the
adjective/adverb + "-est" or "most" + adjective/adverb. Example: Mount
Everest is the highest peak.
Examples:
1. Positive: She is tall.
• Comparative: She is taller than her sister.
• Superlative: She is the tallest girl in the class.
2. Positive: Quickly
• Comparative: He runs more quickly than John.
• Superlative: Usain Bolt is the fastest sprinter.
Critical Points:
• Pay attention to irregular comparatives and superlatives (e.g., good,
better, best).
• Use "than" when making comparisons.
• Adjectives with one syllable often take "-er" and "-est"; longer
adjectives use "more" and "most."
2. Time Sequences:
Rules:
• "No sooner than" is used to express that one action happens
immediately after another.
Examples:
1. As soon as the bell rings, the children run out to play.
• No sooner does the bell ring than the children run out to play.
2. He hardly reached home when he received the call.
• Hardly had he reached home when he received the call.
Critical Points:
• Pay attention to the inversion of the subject and auxiliary verb when
using constructions like "no sooner."
An auxiliary verb, also known as a helping verb, is a verb that is used
together with the main verb in a sentence to create different verb tenses,
moods, voices, or aspects. Auxiliary verbs are crucial for expressing various
shades of meaning and providing additional information about the action or
state of the main verb.
Example:
In the sentence, "She has completed her homework," the auxiliary verb
"has" is used to form the present perfect tense. "Completed" is the main
verb, and "has" helps convey the specific time relationship between the
completion of the homework and the present moment
3. Conversion to Reported Speech:
Rules:
• Change pronouns (I, me, my) to third person (he, him, his).
• Adjust verb tenses accordingly (e.g., present to past).
• Replace quotation marks with appropriate reporting verbs (said,
asked).
Examples:
1. She said, "She would return the book to the library the next day."
• She said that she would return the book to the library the next day.
2. Sameer said, "Ramesh, can you help me with my homework?"
• Sameer asked Ramesh if he could help him with his homework.
Critical Points:
• Pay attention to changes in time expressions.
• Use reporting verbs appropriately.
4. Contrast and Concession:
Rules:
• "Although" and "in spite of" are used to show contrast.
• "Yet" is used to indicate a contrast between two clauses.
Examples:
1. He loved his little daughter, but he was in mortal fear of her fierce
temper.
• Although he loved his little daughter, he was in mortal fear of her
fierce temper.
2. Sameer failed in the examination, yet he was not upset.
• In spite of failing in the examination, Sameer was not upset.
Critical Points:
• Ensure that the use of contrast words aligns with the intended
meaning.
5. Restructuring Sentences:
Rules:
• Rearrange sentence structures while maintaining the original
meaning.
Examples:
1. They are demolishing the entire block of flats.
• The entire block of flats is being demolished by them.
2. Anil thought that the examination would be held later.
• Anil believed that the examination would be held later.
Critical Points:
• Maintain clarity and coherence in sentence restructuring.
6. Negative Construction:
Rules:
• Use negative constructions like "none but," "not having," or "no
other" to convey negation.
Examples:
1. Only trained graduates need to apply for the post.
• None but trained graduates need to apply for the post.
2. As she has not brought a pen, she is writing with a pencil.
• Not having brought a pen, she is writing with a pencil.
Critical Points:
• Use negation appropriately to convey the intended meaning.
7. Interrogative Construction:
Rules:
• Convert declarative sentences into interrogative forms.
Examples:
1. How long I shall stay is doubtful?
• The duration of my stay is doubtful.
2. I do not like this food as much as you do.
• Do you like this food more than I do?
Critical Points:
• Adjust word order and auxiliary verbs to form questions.
8. Use of Connectors:
Rules:
• Use connectors like "besides," "unless," "in all probability," etc.,
appropriately.
Examples:
1. If you are not ready to come with me, I will not go.
• Unless you come with me, I will not go.
2. It is probable that the ship will reach the shore.
• In all probability, the ship will reach the shore.
Critical Points:
• Choose the appropriate connector to convey the intended relationship
between ideas.
9. Conversion to Passive Voice:
Rules:
• Change active voice sentences to passive voice, adjusting the form of
the verb "to be" and the past participle.
Examples:
1. Some of the cakes had been eaten by the boys before the party
began.
• The boys had eaten some of the cakes before the party began.
2. Ramesh said, "Rita, can you help me with my homework?"
• Ramesh asked Rita if she could help him with his homework.
Critical Points:
• Ensure that the passive voice maintains the original meaning.
10. Comparisons and Analogies:
Rules:
• Understand relationships between words, recognize synonyms and
antonyms.
Examples:
1. Mumbai is the most vibrant city in India.
• No other city in India is as vibrant as Mumbai.
2. Their dog is too friendly to be an effective guard dog.
• Their dog is so friendly that it cannot be an effective guard dog.
Critical Points:
• Pay attention to nuances in language and logical relationships
between words.
In each of the following item, sentence A is complete, while sentence B is
not. Complete sentence B, making it as similar as possible to sentence A,
1. (A) HE IS SO OLD THAT HE CANNOT REMEMBER EVENTS OF THE PAST.
(B) BEGIN: HE IS TOO …………………………………….
2. AS SOON AS THE BELL RINGS, THE CHILDREN RUN OUT TO PLAY.
NO SOONER ………………………..
3. NO OTHER PLANET IS AS BIG AS JUPITER.
JUPITER…………………………………….
4. HE IS FORGETFUL AS WELL AS CARELESS WITH HIS WORK.
BESIDES ………………………………………..
5. IT IS PROBABLE THAT THE SHIP WILL REACH THE SHORE.
IN ALL ……………………………
6. SHE SAID THAT SHE WOULD RETURN THE BOOK TO THE LIBRARY THE
NEXT DAY.
SHE SAID, “ …………
7. ONLY TRAINED GRADUATES NEED TO APPLY FOR THE POST.
NONE……………………………….
8. HIS ATTITUDE TOWARDS HIS PARENTS HAS ALWAYS PUZZLED ME.
I HAVE……………………..
9. HE LOVED HIS LITTLE DAUGHTER, BUT HE WAS IN MORTAL FEAR OF HER
FIERCE TEMPER.
ALTHOUGH……………………………………………………….
10. WHEN SHE HEARD THE NEWS OF HER DAUGHTER’S RESULT; SHE WAS
VERY HAPPY
ON …………………………………………….
ANSWERS:
1. BEGIN: HE IS TOO OLD TO REMEMBER EVENTS OF THE PAST.
2. NO SOONER DOES THE BELL RING THAN THE CHILDREN RUN OUT TO
PLAY.
3. JUPITER IS BIGGER THAN ANY OTHER PLANET.
4. BESIDES BEING FORGETFUL, HE IS ALSO CARELESS WITH HIS WORK.
5. IN ALL PROBABILITY, THE SHIP WILL REACH THE SHORE.
6. SHE SAID, "I WILL RETURN THE BOOK TO THE LIBRARY THE NEXT DAY."
7. NONE BUT TRAINED GRADUATES NEED TO APPLY FOR THE POST.
8. I HAVE ALWAYS BEEN PUZZLED BY HIS ATTITUDE TOWARDS HIS
PARENTS.
9. ALTHOUGH HE LOVED HIS LITTLE DAUGHTER, HE WAS IN MORTAL
FEAR OF HER FIERCE TEMPER.
10.ON HEARING THE NEWS OF HER DAUGHTER'S RESULT, SHE WAS VERY
HAPPY.
In each of the following item, sentence A is complete, while sentence B is
not. Complete sentence B, making it as similar as possible to sentence A.
11. ASHITA IS THE MOST BEAUTIFUL GIRL IN THE CLASS.
NO…………………………………………………………
12. AS SOON AS SHE REACHED HOME, SHE LEARNT THAT SHE HAD TO
LEAVE FOR LONDON.
HARDLY………………………………………………….
13. RAMESH SAID, “ RAJIV, PLEASE BRING YOUR PHYSICS BOOK TO
SCHOOL TOMORROW.”
RAMESH ………………………………………..
14. SOME OF THE CAKES HAD BEEN EATEN BY THE BOYS BEFORE THE
PARTY BEGAN.
THE BOYS…………………………….
15. IF YOU ARE NOT READY TO COME WITH ME, I WILL NOT GO.
UNLESS…………………………………………….
16.They are demolishing the entire block of flats.
Begin … The entire.
17.Anil thought that the examination would be held later.
Begin: Anil
18.I do not like this food as much as you do.
Begin: You
19.Sameer failed in the examination, yet he was not upset.
Begin: In spite
20.“Don’t lend Ramesh any money,” I said to Rita.
Begin: I advised
ANSWERS
1. NO ONE IN THE CLASS IS MORE BEAUTIFUL THAN ASHITA.
2. HARDLY HAD SHE REACHED HOME WHEN SHE LEARNED THAT SHE
HAD TO LEAVE FOR LONDON.
3. RAMESH REQUESTED RAJIV TO BRING HIS PHYSICS BOOK TO
SCHOOL THE NEXT DAY.
4. THE BOYS HAD EATEN SOME OF THE CAKES BEFORE THE PARTY
BEGAN.
5. UNLESS YOU ARE READY TO COME WITH ME, I WILL NOT GO.
6. The entire block of flats is being demolished.
7. Anil was under the impression that the examination would be held
later.
8. You like this food more than I do.
9. In spite of failing in the examination, Sameer was not upset.
10.I advised Rita not to lend any money to Ramesh.
In each of the following item, sentence A is complete, while
sentence B is not. Complete sentence B, making it as similar as
possible to sentence A,
21.He had to sign or be arrested.
Begin: If he had not signed
22.Meena complained of not being able to see the performance from the
back row.
Begin: Meena complained that
23.Many ambitious people see politics as a stepping stone to personal
power.
Begin: Politics
24.Rahul has wasted his wealth and ruined his health by his drinking habit.
Begin: Rahul has not only
ANSWERS
1. If he had not signed, he would have been arrested.
2. Meena complained that she couldn't see the performance from
the back row.
3. Politics is seen by many ambitious people as a stepping stone to
personal power.
4. Rahul has not only wasted his wealth but also ruined his health
with his drinking habit.
In each of the following item, sentence A is complete, while sentence B is
not. Complete sentence B, making it as similar as possible to sentence A,
1. Not only did he buy a desktop but also a laptop.
Beside……..
2. The heavy showers of rain revived the plants.
The plants……….
3. The men were forced to work although the light was poor.
In spite of …………..
4. No sooner did we see a flash of light in the sky than we heard a
loud explosion near us.
As soon as……………
5. As she has not brought a pen, she is writing with a pencil.
Not ………..
6. Mumbai is the most vibrant city in India.
No ……………..
7. Their dog is too friendly to be an effective guard dog
Begin: Their dog is so……………..
8. Sameer said, “Ramesh, can you help me with my homework? “
Sameer…………
9. All nooks and corners were checked.
No nook or corner ……………..
10.How long I shall stay is doubtful?
The ……………..
ANSWERS:
1. Besides buying a desktop, he also bought a laptop.
2. The plants were revived by the heavy showers of rain.
3. In spite of poor light, the men were forced to work.
4. As soon as we saw a flash of light in the sky, we heard a loud explosion
near us.
5. She is writing with a pencil because she has not brought a pen.
6. No other city in India is as vibrant as Mumbai.
7. Their dog is so friendly that it cannot be an effective guard dog.
8. Sameer asked Ramesh, "Can you help me with my homework?"
9. No nook or corner was left unchecked.
10.The duration of my stay is doubtful.
2019:
1. Comparative Construction:
(A) HE IS SO OLD THAT HE CANNOT REMEMBER EVENTS OF THE
PAST.
(B) BEGIN: HE IS TOO OLD TO REMEMBER EVENTS OF THE PAST.
2. No Sooner Than Construction:
(A) AS SOON AS THE BELL RINGS, THE CHILDREN RUN OUT TO
PLAY.
(B) NO SOONER DOES THE BELL RING THAN THE CHILDREN RUN
OUT TO PLAY.
3. Positive Comparison:
(A) NO OTHER PLANET IS AS BIG AS JUPITER.
(B) JUPITER IS BIGGER THAN ANY OTHER PLANET.
4. Besides Construction:
(A) HE IS FORGETFUL AS WELL AS CARELESS WITH HIS WORK.
(B) BESIDES BEING FORGETFUL, HE IS CARELESS WITH HIS
WORK.
5. In All Probability Construction:
(A) IT IS PROBABLE THAT THE SHIP WILL REACH THE SHORE.
(B) IN ALL PROBABILITY, THE SHIP WILL REACH THE SHORE.
6. Reported Speech:
(A) SHE SAID THAT SHE WOULD RETURN THE BOOK TO THE
LIBRARY THE NEXT DAY.
(B) SHE SAID, "SHE WOULD RETURN THE BOOK TO THE LIBRARY
THE NEXT DAY."
7. Negative Construction:
(A) ONLY TRAINED GRADUATES NEED TO APPLY FOR THE POST.
(B) NONE BUT TRAINED GRADUATES NEED TO APPLY FOR THE
POST.
8. Conversion to Reported Speech:
(A) HIS ATTITUDE TOWARDS HIS PARENTS HAS ALWAYS
PUZZLED ME.
(B) I HAVE ALWAYS BEEN PUZZLED BY HIS ATTITUDE TOWARDS
HIS PARENTS.
9. Contrast Construction:
(A) HE LOVED HIS LITTLE DAUGHTER, BUT HE WAS IN MORTAL
FEAR OF HER FIERCE TEMPER.
(B) ALTHOUGH HE LOVED HIS LITTLE DAUGHTER, HE WAS IN
MORTAL FEAR OF HER FIERCE TEMPER.
10.Time Sequence Construction:
(A) WHEN SHE HEARD THE NEWS OF HER DAUGHTER’S RESULT;
SHE WAS VERY HAPPY
(B) ON HEARING THE NEWS OF HER DAUGHTER’S RESULT, SHE
WAS VERY HAPPY.
FROM HERE 2018:
1. Superlative Construction:
(A) ASHITA IS THE MOST BEAUTIFUL GIRL IN THE CLASS.
(B) NO OTHER GIRL IN THE CLASS IS AS BEAUTIFUL AS ASHITA.
2. Hardly...When Construction:
(A) AS SOON AS SHE REACHED HOME, SHE LEARNT THAT SHE
HAD TO LEAVE FOR LONDON.
(B) HARDLY HAD SHE REACHED HOME WHEN SHE LEARNED
THAT SHE HAD TO LEAVE FOR LONDON.
3. Conversion to Reported Speech:
(A) RAMESH SAID, “RAJIV, PLEASE BRING YOUR PHYSICS BOOK
TO SCHOOL TOMORROW.”
(B) RAMESH REQUESTED RAJIV TO BRING HIS PHYSICS BOOK TO
SCHOOL THE NEXT DAY.
4. Conversion to Passive Voice:
(A) SOME OF THE CAKES HAD BEEN EATEN BY THE BOYS BEFORE
THE PARTY BEGAN.
(B) THE BOYS HAD EATEN SOME OF THE CAKES BEFORE THE
PARTY BEGAN.
5. Unless Construction:
(A) IF YOU ARE NOT READY TO COME WITH ME, I WILL NOT GO.
(B) UNLESS YOU COME WITH ME, I WILL NOT GO.
6. Restructuring Sentence:
(A) They are demolishing the entire block of flats.
(B) BEGIN: The entire block of flats is being demolished by them.
7. Conversion to Reported Speech:
(A) Anil thought that the examination would be held later.
(B) BEGIN: Anil thought that the examination would be held
later.
8. Comparison Construction:
(A) I do not like this food as much as you do.
(B) BEGIN: You like this food more than I do.
9. Contrast Construction:
(A) Sameer failed in the examination, yet he was not upset.
(B) BEGIN: In spite of failing in the examination, Sameer was not
upset.
10.Reporting Speech:
(A) “Don’t lend Ramesh any money,” I said to Rita.
(B) BEGIN: I advised Rita not to lend any money to Ramesh.
2017:
1. Besides Construction:
(A) Not only did he buy a desktop but also a laptop.
(B) BEGIN: Beside buying a desktop, he also bought a laptop.
2. Restructuring Sentence:
(A) The heavy showers of rain revived the plants.
(B) BEGIN: The plants were revived by the heavy showers of
rain.
3. Contrast Construction:
(A) The men were forced to work although the light was poor.
(B) BEGIN: In spite of the poor light, the men were forced to
work.
4. Time Sequence Construction:
(A) No sooner did we see a flash of light in the sky than we
heard a loud explosion near us.
(B) BEGIN: As soon as we saw a flash of light in the sky, we
heard a loud explosion near us.
5. Negative Construction:
(A) As she has not brought a pen, she is writing with a pencil.
(B) BEGIN: Not having brought a pen, she is writing with a
pencil.
6. Negative Construction:
(A) Mumbai is the most vibrant city in India.
(B) BEGIN: No other city in India is as vibrant as Mumbai.
7. So...That Construction:
(A) Their dog is too friendly to be an effective guard dog.
(B) BEGIN: Their dog is so friendly that it cannot be an effective
guard dog.
8. Conversion to Reported Speech:
(A) Sameer said, “Ramesh, can you help me with my
homework?“
(B) BEGIN: Sameer asked Ramesh if he could help him with his
homework.
9. Negative Construction:
(A) All nooks and corners were checked.
(B) BEGIN: No nook or corner was left unchecked.
10.Interrogative Construction:
(A) How long I shall stay is doubtful?
(B) BEGIN: The duration of my stay is doubtful.
In each of the following item, sentence A is complete, while sentence B is
not. Complete sentence B, making it as similar as possible to sentence A,
1. He knows everything about his business
Begin: There is ………………
2. A bridge would have been built if the funds had not run out.
Begin: Had the…………
3. As soon as winter comes, birds migrate to the south.
Begin: No sooner ……………..
4. Man is exploring the sea in order to increase his resources.
Begin: The sea is …………………………
5. They were the only ones who completed the task.
Begin: Except for …………………
6. He’s the richest man I’ve ever met.
Begin: I’ve never……………………..
7. I have never seen a film as bad as this.
Begin: This is …………..
8. He said, “ I will definitely visit you tomorrow.”
Begin: He said that ………………….
9. We should have sympathy for the less fortunate.
Begin: We should sympathize……………….
10.My praise pleased her.
Begin: What gave …………………………….
Answers:
1. He knows everything about his business.
Begin: There is nothing he doesn't know about his business.
2. A bridge would have been built if the funds had not run out.
Begin: Had the funds not run out, a bridge would have been
built.
3. As soon as winter comes, birds migrate to the south.
Begin: No sooner does winter come than birds migrate to the
south.
4. Man is exploring the sea in order to increase his resources.
Begin: The sea is being explored by man in order to increase his
resources.
5. They were the only ones who completed the task.
Begin: Except for them, no one else completed the task.
6. He's the richest man I've ever met.
Begin: I've never met a richer man than him.
7. I have never seen a film as bad as this.
Begin: This is the worst film I have ever seen.
8. He said, "I will definitely visit you tomorrow."
Begin: He said that he would definitely visit me the next day.
9. We should have sympathy for the less fortunate.
Begin: We should sympathize with the less fortunate.
10.My praise pleased her.
Begin: What gave her pleasure was my praise.
She always finishes her work on time.
MCQ’S
1. He knows everything about his business.
Begin: There is ………………
A) nothing pertaining to his business of which he is unaware.
B) no aspect of his business that remains a mystery to him.
C) not a single part of his business that he has overlooked.
D) no detail regarding his business that needs further explanation.
Answer: B) no aspect of his business that remains a mystery to him.
Explanation: This choice closely captures the idea that he has
complete knowledge of his business. "No aspect...that remains a
mystery" is a strong, grammatically parallel way to state he knows
everything.
2. A bridge would have been built if the funds had not run out.
Begin: Had the…………
A) funds been available, a bridge would have been underway.
B) funds not dwindled, the construction of a bridge might have
proceeded.
C) bridge not required excessive funds, it would have been built
sooner.
D) funds remained sufficient, the bridge could have been constructed.
Answer: B) funds not dwindled, the construction of a bridge might
have proceeded.
Explanation: This option uses the correct inverted conditional
structure (“Had the funds not dwindled...”), keeping the hypothetical
scenario intact and closely reflecting the original sentence.
3. As soon as winter comes, birds migrate to the south.
Begin: No sooner ……………..
A) does winter make its approach than the birds instinctively head
southward.
B) does the chill of winter arrive, then all birds migrate south.
C) had winter emerged when birds instantly departed for the south.
D) winter comes, than do the birds seek warmth in southern regions.
Answer: A) does winter make its approach than the birds instinctively
head southward.
Explanation: This answer correctly uses the structure “No
sooner…than…” to indicate that birds migrate immediately with the
approach of winter, keeping the original meaning intact.
4. Man is exploring the sea in order to increase his resources.
Begin: The sea is …………………………
A) being ventured into by man with the intent of broadening his
resources.
B) explored by mankind, hoping for resource augmentation.
C) providing man with new resources as exploration continues.
D) increasingly the target of human exploration to augment resources.
Answer: A) being ventured into by man with the intent of broadening
his resources.
Explanation: This option uses passive voice ("being ventured into by
man") and mirrors the original sentence's purpose (to increase
resources) more accurately than the other options.
5. They were the only ones who completed the task.
Begin: Except for …………………
A) their group, all others failed to complete the task.
B) the ones who accomplished the task, no one else made an attempt.
C) them, none managed to finish the task at hand.
D) those who attempted the task, everyone else completed it.
Answer: C) them, none managed to finish the task at hand.
Explanation: This option correctly reflects that, apart from "them," no
one else completed the task. It captures the exclusivity implied in the
original sentence.
6. He’s the richest man I’ve ever met.
Begin: I’ve never……………………..
A) encountered any man whose wealth surpassed his.
B) met anyone who possesses greater affluence than him.
C) known a person whose fortune exceeds his.
D) seen a person with as many assets as he owns.
Answer: A) encountered any man whose wealth surpassed his.
Explanation: This answer effectively captures the superlative notion
"richest" by stating no one’s wealth has "surpassed his," keeping the
comparative structure close to the original.
7. I have never seen a film as bad as this.
Begin: This is …………..
A) a film whose quality is the poorest I have witnessed.
B) an example of the worst cinematic production I’ve ever
experienced.
C) the film with the most undesirable qualities I have ever observed.
D) the least enjoyable film that I have encountered.
Answer: B) an example of the worst cinematic production I’ve ever
experienced.
Explanation: This option conveys the extremity implied in "as bad as
this" by rephrasing it as "the worst cinematic production," which is
closest in meaning to the original.
8. He said, “I will definitely visit you tomorrow.”
Begin: He said that …………………..
A) he would undoubtedly visit the following day.
B) he shall certainly be visiting the next day.
C) he was to visit tomorrow without fail.
D) his visit the next day would be definite.
Answer: A) he would undoubtedly visit the following day.
Explanation: This option correctly uses reported speech (changing
"will" to "would" and "tomorrow" to "the following day") and
maintains the certainty of "definitely" as "undoubtedly."
9. We should have sympathy for the less fortunate.
Begin: We should sympathize……………….
A) with those who are less privileged than ourselves.
B) towards those who have endured unfortunate circumstances.
C) regarding the plight of those less fortunate.
D) with individuals whose fortune is not as favorable.
Answer: A) with those who are less privileged than ourselves.
Explanation: This answer translates “have sympathy for” as
“sympathize with” and accurately conveys the idea of compassion
towards those in less favorable situations.
10. My praise pleased her.
Begin: What gave ……………………………
A) her pleasure was the acknowledgment of my praise.
B) her joy stemmed from the praise I offered.
C) her satisfaction was derived from receiving my praise.
D) her contentment was, in essence, due to my complimentary
remarks.
Answer: B) her joy stemmed from the praise I offered.
Explanation: This answer effectively implies that the source of her
happiness was the praise, closely mirroring "My praise pleased her" by
focusing on the cause of her joy.
Additional Questions:
11.The children are more enthusiastic than the adults.
Begin: The adults are ………………
12.He works harder than anyone else in his department.
Begin: No one in his department …………………
13.I was surprised by his unexpected arrival.
Begin: His unexpected arrival …………………
14.She never wastes her time.
Begin: At no time does she …………………
15.We only realized the danger after it was too late.
Begin: Only after it was too late did we …………………
16.It was foolish of him to ignore the warnings.
Begin: He was foolish …………………
17.She’ll pass the exam if she studies hard.
Begin: Provided she studies hard, …………………
18.They don’t like to go out in the rain.
Begin: They dislike …………………
19.The students had never seen such a difficult question paper.
Begin: This was the most …………………
20.They stayed up late to finish their work.
Begin: In order to finish their work, …………………
Answers:
11.The children are more enthusiastic than the adults.
Begin: The adults are less enthusiastic than the children.
12.He works harder than anyone else in his department.
Begin: No one in his department works harder than he does.
13.I was surprised by his unexpected arrival.
Begin: His unexpected arrival surprised me.
14.She never wastes her time.
Begin: At no time does she waste her time.
15.We only realized the danger after it was too late.
Begin: Only after it was too late did we realize the danger.
16.It was foolish of him to ignore the warnings.
Begin: He was foolish to ignore the warnings.
17.She’ll pass the exam if she studies hard.
Begin: Provided she studies hard, she will pass the exam.
18.They don’t like to go out in the rain.
Begin: They dislike going out in the rain.
19.The students had never seen such a difficult question paper.
Begin: This was the most difficult question paper the students had
ever seen.
20.They stayed up late to finish their work.
Begin: In order to finish their work, they stayed up late.
More Questions:
21.She was so tired that she could barely stand.
Begin: She was too ………………
22.I was too busy to attend the meeting.
Begin: I was so …………………
23.He drove so fast that he reached early.
Begin: He drove …………………
24.The doctor was able to save the patient because he acted quickly.
Begin: Had the …………………
25.I regret not taking his advice.
Begin: If only …………………
26.She can dance better than anyone in her class.
Begin: No …………………
27.This novel is more interesting than that one.
Begin: That novel …………………
28.He borrowed money from his friend to pay his rent.
Begin: In order , …………………
29.I have never heard such a fascinating story.
Begin: This is …………………
30.I’m sure she is the best candidate for the job.
Begin: No other …………………
Answers:
21.She was so tired that she could barely stand.
Begin: She was too tired to stand.
22.I was too busy to attend the meeting.
Begin: I was so busy that I could not attend the meeting.
23.He drove so fast that he reached early.
Begin: He drove fast enough to reach early.
24.The doctor was able to save the patient because he acted quickly.
Begin: Had the doctor not acted quickly, he would not have been able
to save the patient.
25.I regret not taking his advice.
Begin: If only I had taken his advice.
26.She can dance better than anyone in her class.
Begin: No one in her class can dance as well as she can.
27.This novel is more interesting than that one.
Begin: That novel is not as interesting as this one.
28.He borrowed money from his friend to pay his rent.
Begin: In order to pay his rent, he borrowed money from his friend.
29.I have never heard such a fascinating story.
Begin: This is the most fascinating story I have ever heard.
30.I’m sure she is the best candidate for the job.
Begin: No other candidate is as suitable for the job as she is.
More Questions:
31.She was the first person to arrive at the event.
Begin: No one ………………
32.We didn’t go out because it was raining.
Begin: If it ………………
33.I prefer tea to coffee.
Begin: I would ………………
34.She cooks better than her sister.
Begin: Her sister ………………
35.The lecture was so boring that many students left early.
Begin: It ………………
36.I couldn’t understand what he said.
Begin: What he said ………………
37.He was too weak to lift the box.
Begin: He was so ………………
38.The journey was more tiring than we had expected.
Begin: We did not expect ………………
39.She is the most talented singer in the group.
Begin: No ………………
40.Despite her illness, she completed the project.
Begin: Although ………………
Answers:
31.She was the first person to arrive at the event.
Begin: No one else arrived before her at the event.
32.We didn’t go out because it was raining.
Begin: If it had not been raining, we would have gone out.
33.I prefer tea to coffee.
Begin: I would rather drink tea than coffee.
34.She cooks better than her sister.
Begin: Her sister doesn’t cook as well as she does.
35.The lecture was so boring that many students left early.
Begin: It was such a boring lecture that many students left early.
36.I couldn’t understand what he said.
Begin: What he said was difficult to understand.
37.He was too weak to lift the box.
Begin: He was so weak that he couldn’t lift the box.
38.The journey was more tiring than we had expected.
Begin: We did not expect the journey to be so tiring.
39.She is the most talented singer in the group.
Begin: No other singer in the group is as talented as she is.
40.Despite her illness, she completed the project.
Begin: Although she was ill, she completed the project.
More Questions:
41.The new policy was announced last week.
Begin: Last week, the government ………………
42.His explanation was clearer than mine.
Begin: My explanation was not ………………
43.The building was so high that we couldn’t see the top.
Begin: It was such a high ………………
44.She didn’t reply, even though she saw the message.
Begin: Although she saw the message, ………………
45.He is the fastest runner in his class.
Begin: No one in his class ………………
46.The teacher explained the problem thoroughly.
Begin: The problem was ………………
47.He regrets not finishing his education.
Begin: He wishes he ………………
48.I have never tasted such delicious food.
Begin: This is the most ………………
49.The manager approved the project only after reviewing it carefully.
Begin: Only after reviewing the project carefully did ………………
50.She was praised for her dedication to the work.
Begin: Her dedication to the work ………………
The new policy was announced last week.
Begin: Last week, the government announced the new policy.
His explanation was clearer than mine.
Begin: My explanation was not as clear as his.
The building was so high that we couldn’t see the top.
Begin: It was such a high building that we couldn’t see the top.
She didn’t reply, even though she saw the message.
Begin: Although she saw the message, she didn’t reply.
He is the fastest runner in his class.
Begin: No one in his class runs faster than he does.
The teacher explained the problem thoroughly.
Begin: The problem was explained thoroughly by the teacher.
He regrets not finishing his education.
Begin: He wishes he had finished his education.
I have never tasted such delicious food.
Begin: This is the most delicious food I have ever tasted.
The manager approved the project only after reviewing it carefully.
Begin: Only after reviewing the project carefully did the manager
approve it.
She was praised for her dedication to the work.
Begin: Her dedication to the work was praised.
Answers:
11.He knows everything about his business.
Begin: There is nothing he doesn't know about his business.
12.A bridge would have been built if the funds had not run out.
Begin: Had the funds not run out, a bridge would have been
built.
13.As soon as winter comes, birds migrate to the south.
Begin: No sooner does winter come than birds migrate to the
south.
14.Man is exploring the sea in order to increase his resources.
Begin: The sea is being explored by man in order to increase his
resources.
15.They were the only ones who completed the task.
Begin: Except for them, no one else completed the task.
16.He's the richest man I've ever met.
Begin: I've never met a richer man than him.
17.I have never seen a film as bad as this.
Begin: This is the worst film I have ever seen.
18.He said, "I will definitely visit you tomorrow."
Begin: He said that he would definitely visit me the next day.
19.We should have sympathy for the less fortunate.
Begin: We should sympathize with the less fortunate.
20.My praise pleased her.
Begin: What gave her pleasure was my praise.
She always finishes her work on time.
Begin: Without fail, she completes her work on time.
If you don't exercise regularly, you'll lose muscle mass.
Begin: Unless you exercise regularly, you'll lose muscle mass.
They have never encountered such a challenging problem.
Begin: This is the most challenging problem they have ever
encountered.
"Please don't make so much noise," said the librarian.
Begin: The librarian requested that we not make so much noise.
The team won because of their exceptional teamwork.
Begin: It was their exceptional teamwork that led the team to victory.
She is too young to drive a car.
Begin: She is not old enough to drive a car.
"Why did you break the vase?" he asked her.
Begin: He asked her why she had broken the vase.
The sun was so bright that we had to wear sunglasses.
Begin: The brightness of the sun forced us to wear sunglasses.
We can only succeed if we work together.
Begin: Success is only possible if we work together.
He was so tired that he couldn't stay awake.
Begin: His tiredness was such that he couldn't stay awake.
FILL IN WITH APPROPRIATE WORDS:
SOME COMMON OBSERVATIONS
1. Phrasal Verbs: There is a consistent use of phrasal verbs in the blanks,
such as "turned down," "turned up," "broke off," "broke into,"
"carried out," "carried on," "ran away," "ran into," "looks after," and
"looks into." This suggests a focus on the use of phrasal verbs in
different contexts.
1. Phrasal Verb:
A phrasal verb is a combination of a main verb and one or more
particles (adverbs or prepositions) that together function as a
single unit.
Phrasal verbs often have a different meaning than the individual
words would suggest.
The particle in a phrasal verb can be either a preposition or an
adverb, depending on the context.
Examples: "take off," "look after," "give in," "turn on."
2. Preposition:
A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a
noun or pronoun and other elements in the sentence.
Prepositions are usually followed by a noun or pronoun,
forming a prepositional phrase.
Prepositions indicate location, direction, time, manner, or other
relationships between elements in a sentence.
Examples: "in," "on," "under," "over," "above," "with," "before,"
"after."
In summary, the main difference lies in their functions:
A phrasal verb is a verb combined with one or more particles to
convey a specific meaning.
A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun
or pronoun and other elements in a sentence.
It's worth noting that some words can function as both prepositions and
particles in phrasal verbs, and the context of the sentence determines their
role.
Turned down:
1. She turned down the promotion because it required relocating to
another city.
2. The candidate turned down the job offer due to a conflict in work
values.
3. Despite the tempting offer, he turned down the opportunity to join
the prestigious firm.
Turned up:
1. To our relief, the missing keys turned up in the kitchen drawer.
2. He turned up at the airport just in time to catch his flight.
3. The long-lost manuscript turned up during a routine cleaning of the
attic.
Broke off:
1. The engaged couple broke off their relationship after realizing they
had different life goals.
2. The speaker broke off mid-sentence, leaving the audience in
suspense.
3. Negotiations between the two countries broke off when they failed
to reach a compromise.
Broke into:
1. Thieves broke into the jewelry store and stole valuable items.
2. The detective discovered that someone had broken into the
confidential files.
3. My neighbor's car was broken into last night, and personal
belongings were stolen.
Carried out:
1. The team successfully carried out the plan to launch the new
product.
2. The scientist carried out a meticulous study to validate the
research findings.
3. The chef carefully carried out the instructions to prepare the
complex dish.
Carried on:
1. Despite the setbacks, the team carried on with determination to
complete the project.
2. The teacher encouraged the students to carry on with their efforts
despite initial failures.
3. The band carried on playing despite technical difficulties during the
concert.
Ran away:
1. The child ran ……… from home, seeking adventure on the streets.
2. The dog ran away when it was frightened by the loud noise.
3. She considered running away from her problems, but instead, she
faced them head-on.
Ran into:
1. While on vacation, we unexpectedly ran …….. our neighbours at the
tourist attraction.
2. I ran …… my former colleague at the conference, and we
reminisced about old times.
3. He apologized profusely when he accidentally ran …….. the person
ahead of him in the crowded mall.
Looks after:
1. The older sister looks after her younger siblings when their parents
are at work.
2. The nurse looks after the elderly patients with great compassion.
3. It's essential to have a reliable pet sitter who can look after your
pets when you're away.
Looks into:
1. The detective looks into every clue to solve the mysterious
disappearance.
2. The auditor looks into the financial records to ensure accuracy and
compliance.
3. The manager promised to look into the employee's concerns about
workplace safety.
"set":
1. Set up: To establish or arrange something.
They set up a new business together.
She set up the meeting for next Monday.
2. Set off: To start a journey or begin a trip.
We set off early in the morning to avoid the traffic.
The alarm set off a panic in the building.
3. Set aside: To reserve something for a specific purpose or to save
something for later.
He set aside some money for emergencies.
She set aside some time every day for meditation.
"pull":
1. Pull over: To move a vehicle to the side of the road and stop.
The police officer signaled for the driver to pull over.
He pulled over to check the map for directions.
2. Pull through: To recover from an illness or a difficult situation.
Despite the odds, she managed to pull through after the
surgery.
We're hopeful that he will pull through this challenging time.
3. Pull out: To remove something or to withdraw from a situation.
He pulled out a book from the shelf.
The company decided to pull out of the deal due to financial
concerns.
Phrasal verbs with "sold":
1. Sold out: To have no more items available for sale, usually due to high
demand.
The concert tickets sold out within minutes.
They quickly sold out of their popular product.
2. Sell off: To sell something quickly and often at a reduced price.
The store had a clearance sale and sold off all their old
inventory.
He decided to sell off his old furniture before moving out.
Phrasal verbs with "walked":
1. Walk out: To leave a place suddenly and usually as a form of protest.
The employees walked out of the meeting in protest of the new
policy.
Students walked out of class to join the demonstration.
2. Walk through: To guide someone through a process or an explanation
step by step.
The instructor walked the new employees through the
company's procedures.
She walked me through the recipe, explaining each step
carefully.
Walked into:
1. He walked into a heated argument between his coworkers.
2. Sarah walked into a misunderstanding when she arrived late to the
meeting.
3. The detective walked into a complex case that would test his skills.
4. They walked into financial trouble when they invested in that risky
business venture.
5. The politician walked into controversy with his controversial remarks.
Walked for:
1. We walked for miles along the beach, enjoying the sound of the
waves.
2. They walked for hours in the forest, exploring its beauty.
3. I walked for thirty minutes every morning as part of my exercise
routine.
4. She walked for hours in the city, taking in the sights and sounds.
5. He walked for days through the desert, enduring the harsh conditions
to reach his destination.
Phrasal verbs with "take":
1. Take off: To remove something, or to become successful or popular
quickly.
She took off her coat as soon as she entered the warm room.
The new smartphone model really took off in the market.
2. Take over: To assume control or responsibility for something.
The new management team will take over the company next
month.
She took over the project after the previous leader resigned.
Phrasal verbs with "brought":
1. Bring about: To cause something to happen.
The new regulations brought about significant changes in the
industry.
Their efforts brought about a positive outcome.
2. Bring up: To mention or introduce a topic into conversation.
He brought up the issue during the meeting.
She was brought up in a strict household.
Lay down
1. Establish rules or procedures
(Separable [optional] | International English)
» Example: The rules of the sport were LAID DOWN early in the nineteenth
century.
2. Kill, murder
(Separable [optional] | American English)
» Example: He got LAID DOWN in a turf war about supplying drugs.
Lay into
1. Criticise angrily
(Inseparable | International English)
» Example: His partner LAID INTO him when he arrived two hours late..
Lay off
1. Make an employee redundant
(Separable [optional] | International English)
» Example: The hotel LAID OFF twenty staff because tourist numbers were
down.
Lay on
1. Organise, supply
(Separable [optional] | International English)
» Example: They LAID ON a buffet lunch at the conference.
Lay out
1. Spend money
(Separable [optional] | International English)
» Example: They LAID OUT thousands of pounds on their wedding reception.
"Laid up" is a phrasal verb that typically means to be unable to work or
perform regular activities due to illness or injury. It is often used to describe
someone who is sick or injured and, as a result, is temporarily unable to
carry out their usual responsibilities. Here are a couple of examples:
1. "She's been laid up with the flu for the past week."
2. "After the accident, he was laid up in bed for a month."
1. Bring up:
Context 1: During the meeting, he brought up an interesting
point about the upcoming project.
Context 2: It's not appropriate to bring up personal issues during
a professional gathering.
2. Bring out:
Context 1: The new lighting system will bring out the best
features of the artwork in the gallery.
Context 2: His speech at the event brought out a range of
emotions in the audience.
3. Call off:
Context 1: Due to heavy rain, they had to call off the outdoor
concert.
Context 2: The teacher decided to call off the quiz because
many students were unprepared.
4. Call up:
Context 1: Sarah decided to call up her friend and invite her to
the movie night.
Context 2: The coach called up a young player to join the varsity
team.
5. Look into:
Context 1: The detective was asked to look into the mysterious
disappearance of the valuable artifacts.
Context 2: We need to look into the financial aspects of the new
project before approving the budget.
6. Look after:
Context 1: Jenny has to look after her younger siblings while her
parents are away.
Context 2: The nurse is responsible for looking after the patients
on the night shift.
7. Turn up:
Context 1: I didn't expect her to turn up at the party since she's
been busy.
Context 2: The missing keys turned up in the coat pocket after
searching the entire house.
8. Turn down:
Context 1: Unfortunately, she had to turn down the job offer
due to personal reasons.
Context 2: The company decided to turn down the proposal as it
didn't align with their objectives.
9. Put up with:
Context 1: Tom can't put up with his noisy neighbors anymore;
he's considering moving.
Context 2: Sarah had to put up with a challenging work
environment until she found a new job.
10.Put forward:
Context 1: During the meeting, she put forward a new strategy
for increasing sales.
Context 2: The committee decided to put forward a proposal to
improve workplace conditions.
11. Take off:
Context 1: The fashion designer's new collection is expected to
take off in the upcoming season.
Context 2: The rocket is scheduled to take off at dawn for its
mission to explore outer space.
12.Take up:
Context 1: After retiring, she decided to take up painting as a
hobby.
Context 2: He wants to take up the challenge of learning a new
language this year.
13.Run out of:
Context 1: We realized we had run out of milk when preparing
breakfast.
Context 2: The team will lose the game if they run out of time
during the final quarter.
14.Run into:
Context 1: I unexpectedly ran into an old friend at the
bookstore.
Context 2: Be careful not to run into any obstacles while riding
your bike in the dark.
15.Bring in:
Context 1: The company decided to bring in a consultant to
improve efficiency.
Context 2: The new policy aims to bring in more diversity to the
workplace.
16.Bring back:
Context 1: The aroma of the homemade pie brought back
memories of childhood.
Context 2: The government hopes the new initiative will bring
back jobs to the local community.
17.Fill out:
Context 1: Please fill out this form before attending the
workshop.
Context 2: Students were asked to fill out a survey to provide
feedback on the new curriculum.
18.Fill up:
Context 1: Don't forget to fill up the gas tank before going on a
long road trip.
Context 2: The restaurant started to fill up with customers
during the lunch hour.
19.Go on:
Context 1: Despite the technical issues, the show must go on.
Context 2: We don't have all the information yet; let's wait for
the investigation to go on.
20.Go over:
Context 1: The teacher will go over the exam results with the
students tomorrow.
Context 2: Before submitting the report, make sure to go over it
for any errors.
21.Hold on:
Context 1: Can you hold on for a moment? I'll check if he's
available.
Context 2: Hold on to the railing while climbing the stairs to
avoid accidents.
22.Hold up:
Context 1: The traffic accident held up the commuters for hours.
Context 2: The construction of the new building was held up
due to a shortage of materials.
23.Look up to:
Context 1: Many young athletes look up to her as a role model.
Context 2: He has always looked up to his older sister for
guidance.
24.Look forward to:
Context 1: We are looking forward to your presentation at the
conference.
Context 2: The children are looking forward to the annual
summer camp.
25.Set up:
Context 1: It took weeks to set up the equipment for the live
concert.
Context 2: The organization plans to set up a scholarship fund
for deserving students.
2. Prepositions: Prepositions like "into," "for," "with," "after," "to,"
"out," "on," "away," "into," "up," "of," and "with" are commonly used.
These prepositions play a significant role in conveying the intended
meaning in the sentences.
Into:
1. The detective looked into the mysterious disappearance of the
valuable artifacts.
2. She delved into the book, losing herself in the captivating story.
3. The explorers ventured into the dense forest to discover new
species.
4. He transformed the old warehouse into a vibrant art studio.
5. The company is expanding into international markets to reach a
wider audience.
For:
1. She applied for the prestigious scholarship to fund her
education.
2. The team is striving for excellence in the upcoming competition.
3. He apologized for the misunderstanding and clarified his
intentions.
4. The volunteers worked tirelessly for the betterment of the local
community.
5. The professor is known for his expertise in quantum physics.
With:
1. The chef experimented with various spices to enhance the
flavor of the dish.
2. The artist created a masterpiece with a palette of vibrant colors.
3. She shared her success with her supportive family and friends.
4. The project manager collaborated with the design team to meet
deadlines.
5. The musician performed with passion and captivated the
audience.
After:
1. After the storm, the residents assessed the damage to their
homes.
2. He pursued a career in astronomy after developing a fascination
with the stars.
3. After the lecture, students had the opportunity to ask
questions.
4. The team celebrated after winning the championship match.
5. After the incident, the security measures were heightened.
To:
1. They dedicated the monument to the brave soldiers who fought
for freedom.
2. She expressed her gratitude to the mentor who guided her
throughout the project.
3. The bridge provides a direct connection from one side of the
river to the other.
4. The professor gave a lecture to the students about the
importance of critical thinking.
5. He proposed a solution to the problem, hoping to bring about
positive change.
Out:
1. The students went out for a picnic to enjoy the beautiful
weather.
2. The explorers ventured out into the wilderness to study wildlife.
3. The company is branching out into new markets to diversify its
products.
4. He stood out in the crowd with his unique sense of style.
5. After the rain stopped, they went out for a walk in the fresh air.
On:
1. The teacher provided feedback on the students' essays.
2. The committee is working on the new policies to improve
efficiency.
3. She was engrossed in a book on the history of ancient
civilizations.
4. The chef insisted on using fresh ingredients for the recipe.
5. The team collaborated on the project, combining their skills.
Away:
1. After a hectic week, they decided to get away for a weekend
retreat.
2. He gazed away into the distance, lost in deep thought.
3. The magician made the rabbit disappear and then reappear
away from the hat.
4. The children played happily away from the busy city streets.
5. The company relocated its headquarters away from the
crowded urban area.
Up:
1. The entrepreneur came up with an innovative idea to
revolutionize the industry.
2. The artist painted a mural that covered the entire wall, from
floor to ceiling.
3. They teamed up to tackle the challenges and overcome
obstacles.
4. The students lined up to receive their certificates at the
graduation ceremony.
5. The manager summed up the key points in the presentation for
clarity.
Of:
1. The success of the project was attributed to the dedicated
team.
2. The beauty of the landscape took their breath away.
3. The essence of the novel lies in its compelling characters and
intricate plot.
4. The celebration was a reflection of the community's unity and
harmony.
5. The scientist conducted a study of the effects of climate change
on biodiversity.
3. Consistency in Word Usage: Certain words, such as "up," "out,"
"after," "into," and "with," are repeated across the questions. This
could indicate a focus on testing students' understanding and
application of these common words and phrases.
Up:
1. The entrepreneur came up with an ingenious plan to revitalize the
struggling company.
2. As the sun set, the hot air balloon floated up into the sky, providing a
breathtaking view.
3. The team members geared up for the challenging project ahead,
determined to succeed.
4. He woke up early to catch the sunrise and start the day with renewed
energy.
5. The student summed up the complex theory in a concise and
informative presentation.
Out:
1. The explorers ventured out into the uncharted territory, eager to
discover new species.
2. The company is branching out into international markets to expand its
customer base.
3. The artist sketched out the initial concept before creating the detailed
masterpiece.
4. After the rain stopped, they went out for a walk to enjoy the fresh air.
5. The volunteers reached out to the community, offering support and
assistance.
After:
1. After the storm, the residents assessed the damage to their homes
and began cleanup efforts.
2. He pursued a career in astronomy after developing a profound
fascination with the stars.
3. After the lecture, students had the opportunity to ask questions and
engage in discussion.
4. The team celebrated after winning the championship match, reflecting
on their hard work.
5. After the incident, new safety measures were implemented to prevent
future accidents.
Into:
1. The detective looked into the mysterious disappearance, searching for
clues and evidence.
2. She delved into the book, immersing herself in the captivating
narrative.
3. The researchers delved into the data, uncovering valuable insights for
their study.
4. The company is expanding into new markets to reach a broader
audience.
5. The artist transformed the blank canvas into a vibrant work of art.
With:
The chef experimented with various spices to enhance the flavor of
the dish.
The team collaborated with experts to develop innovative solutions to
the problem.
She shared her success with her supportive family and close friends.
The musician performed with passion, captivating the audience with a
mesmerizing melody.
The project manager worked closely with the design team to meet
strict deadlines.
1. If we set …………early, we can return before sunset.
2. He left the company for good and set …….. his own business.
3. The teacher jumped…….. a conclusion and punished the child.
4. Ramesh jumped ……… my offer of a job.
5. I am a simple man and have no use ……. much money.
6. My father lost the use ……… his right arm in an accident
7. Rahul decided to carry ……..with tennis and give up volleyball.
8. Dinanath is a good worker and is always ready to carry ………his
master’s order.
9. Reena agreed ……..me when I proposed a meeting.
10.The four sisters could not agree ………themselves.
ANSWERS:
1. If we set out early, we can return before sunset.
2. He left the company for good and set up his own business.
3. The teacher jumped to a conclusion and punished the child.
4. Ramesh jumped at my offer of a job.
5. I am a simple man and have no use for much money.
6. My father lost the use of his right arm in an accident.
7. Rahul decided to carry on with tennis and give up volleyball.
8. Dinanath is a good worker and is always ready to carry out his master's
orders.
9. Reena agreed with me when I proposed a meeting.
10.The four sisters could not agree among themselves.
2019
b) Fill in each blank with a suitable word. (Do not write the sentence.) (5)
(1) She turned …………………………………… the offer to work at the factory.
(2) To everyone’s surprise, he turned …………………………………… at the party.
(3) He broke …………………………………… in the middle of his speech at the
function.
(4) The burglars broke …………………………………… the house when the family
was away.
(5) He agreed to carry …………………………………… the manager’s orders.
(6) Sita’s daughter carried …………………………………… the family business when
Sita went abroad.
(7) He ran …………………………………… from home at the age of ten.
(8) I ran …………………………………… my old friend in the market place.
(9) Her aunt looks …………………………………… her aging grandparents.
(10) The Principal looks……..matters of complaint from teachers and
students.
ANSWERS
(1) She turned down the offer to work at the factory.
(2) To everyone’s surprise, he turned up at the party.
(3) He broke down / off in the middle of his speech at the function.
(4) The burglars broke into the house when the family was away.
(5) He agreed to carry out the manager’s orders.
(6) Sita’s daughter carried on the family business when Sita went abroad.
(7) He ran away from home at the age of ten.
(8) I ran into my old friend in the market place.
(9) Her aunt looks after her aging grandparents.
(10) The Principal looks into matters of complaint from teachers and
students.
2018
(b) Fill in each blank with a suitable word. (Do not write the sentence.) (5)
(1) After his parents died in a car accident, his uncle looked
………………………………… him.
(2) The chairman says that he will look ………………………………… their
complaints.
(3) The soldiers laid ………………………………… their lives defending their
country.
(4) I was laid ………………………………… for three weeks with a broken leg.
(5) This book runs ………………………………… a hundred and fifty pages.
(6) The program ran ………………………………… six hours.
(7) The ailing company was taken ………………………………… by the government.
(8) He takes ………………………………… his grandfather.
(9) I have an appointment ………………………………… the dentist.
(10) The best candidate should be appointed ………………………………… the post.
ANSWERS
(1) After his parents died in a car accident, his uncle looked after him.
(2) The chairman says that he will look into their complaints.
(3) The soldiers laid down their lives defending their country.
(4) I was laid up for three weeks with a broken leg. Off if removed from job.
(5) This book runs to a hundred and fifty pages.
(6) The program ran for approximately six hours.
(7) The ailing company was taken over by the government.
(8) He takes after his grandfather.
(9) I have an appointment with the dentist.
(10) The best candidate should be appointed to the post.
2017
b) Fill in each blank with a suitable word. (Do not write the sentence.) (5)
(1) If we set ____________ early, we can return before sunset.
(2) He left the company for good and set ____________ his own business.
(3) The teacher jumped ___________ a conclusion and punished the child.
(4) Ramesh jumped ___________ my offer of a job.
(5) I am a simple man and have no use ___________ much money.
(6) My father lost the use ___________ his right arm in an accident.
(7) Rahul decided to carry ____________ with tennis and give up other ball.
(8) Dinanath is a good worker and is always ready to carry ____________ his
masters orders.
(9) Reena agreed __________ me when I proposed a meeting.
(10) The four sisters could not agree ____________ themselves.
ANSWERS
(1) If we set out early, we can return before sunset.
(2) He left the company for good and set up his own business.
(3) The teacher jumped to a conclusion and punished the child.
(4) Ramesh jumped at my offer of a job.
(5) I am a simple man and have no use for much money.
(6) My father lost the use of his right arm in an accident.
(7) Rahul decided to carry on with tennis and give up other ball.
(8) Dinanath is a good worker and is always ready to carry out his master's
orders.
(9) Reena agreed with me when I proposed a meeting.
(10) The four sisters could not agree among themselves.
ISC 2024
Fill in each blank with a suitable word
1. We must carry……….despite the challenges we come across.
2. The police promised to carry ………a thorough investigation.
3. He is sure to appeal ………….the judgement since it was unfavourable
to him.
4. The leader appealed …….. the public to maintain law and order.
5. The experience doctor found it easy to deal………young patient.
6. This particular shop deals ……..organic food.
7. The fresh college graduate jumped ……..the first offer of a job.
8. My mother advised me never to jump ……….the conclusions.
9. The signboard in the park read ‘ keep……….the lawn’.
10. It is not easy to keep …….. with the rapidly changing fashions.
ANSWERS
1. We must carry on despite the challenges we come across.
2. The police promised to carry out a thorough investigation.
3. He is sure to appeal against the judgement since it was unfavourable
to him.
4. The leader appealed to the public to maintain law and order.
5. The experienced doctor found it easy to deal with young patients.
6. This particular shop deals in organic food.
7. The fresh college graduate jumped at the first offer of a job.
8. My mother advised me never to jump to conclusions.
9. The signboard in the park read 'keep off the lawn'.
10.It is not easy to keep up with the rapidly changing fashions.
b) Fill in each blank with a suitable word.
1. Cut …………..the junk food to be healthy.
2. Further cut………the cake to distribute it equally to all of us.
3. The children wiped ……………the leaves from the pavements.
4. The children wiped ………….the coloured chalk from the blackboard.
5. Let them talk ………..the matter.
6. Let us talk……………our future plans.
7. Recycled waste is useful………..many purposes.
8. This book is useful ……………..me.
9. We sympathize …………..her in her troubles.
10.We should have no sympathy…………….idle people.
1. Cut …………..the junk food to be healthy.
Answer: out
2. Further cut………the cake to distribute it equally to all of us.
Answer: up
3. The children wiped …………… the leaves from the pavements.
Answer: off
4. The children wiped …………. the coloured chalk from the blackboard.
Answer: off
5. Let them talk ……….. the matter.
Answer: over
6. Let us talk …………… our future plans.
Answer: about
7. Recycled waste is useful ………… many purposes.
Answer: for
8. This book is useful …………… me.
Answer: to
9. We sympathize ………….. her in her troubles.
Answer: with
10.We should have no sympathy …………… idle people.
Answer: for
Fill in each blank with a suitable word. (Do not write the sentence.)
1. The children were brought ……………………………… by their grandparents.
2. The police broke ……………………………… the protest and arrested the
leaders.
3. She finally got ……………………………… her fear of public speaking.
4. The meeting was called ……………………………… due to a scheduling
conflict.
5. He turned ……………………………… the job offer because it wasn't what he
expected.
6. The fire fighters put ……………………………… the fire after several hours.
7. I look ……………………………… to meeting you again.
8. She came ……………………………… a beautiful old watch at the flea
market.
9. The company is dealing ……………………………… a lot of complaints from
customers.
10.The manager has to deal ……………………………… the budget issues
before the end of the week.
Here are the answers for the phrasal verb fill-in-the-blanks:
1. The children were brought up by their grandparents.
2. The police broke up the protest and arrested the leaders.
3. She finally got over her fear of public speaking.
4. The meeting was called off due to a scheduling conflict.
5. He turned down the job offer because it wasn't what he expected.
6. The fire fighters put out the fire after several hours.
7. I look forward to meeting you again.
8. She came across a beautiful old watch at the flea market.
9. The company is dealing with a lot of complaints from customers.
10. The manager has to deal with the budget issues before the end of the week.
(b) Fill in each blank with a suitable word. (Do not write the sentence.)
1. He ran ……………………………… of time before completing the exam.
2. The children were told to keep ……………………………… the wet paint.
3. We had to call ……………………………… the event due to heavy rain.
4. She takes ……………………………… her mother in looks and personality.
5. He passed ……………………………… due to the intense heat.
6. The teacher asked the students to hand ……………………………… their
homework at the end of the class.
7. I had to catch ……………………………… on my work after being sick for a
week.
8. They set ……………………………… on a long journey across the country.
9. She was brought ……………………………… to reality after realizing her
mistake.
10.He gave ……………………………… smoking for the sake of his health.
Answers:
1. He ran out of time before completing the exam.
2. The children were told to keep off the wet paint.
3. We had to call off the event due to heavy rain.
4. She takes after her mother in looks and personality.
5. He passed out due to the intense heat.
6. The teacher asked the students to hand in their homework at the end
of the class.
7. I had to catch up on my work after being sick for a week.
8. They set off on a long journey across the country.
9. She was brought back to reality after realizing her mistake.
10.He gave up smoking for the sake of his health.
(b) Fill in each blank with a suitable word. (Do not write the sentence.)
1. The team needs to bounce …………………………… after their recent
defeat.
2. He brought …………………………… an interesting perspective during the
discussion.
3. She came …………………………… with a plan to improve productivity in
the office.
4. The company is planning to branch …………………………… into new
markets next year.
5. I need to look …………………………… this report before the meeting
starts.
6. He set …………………………… on a journey to find his biological parents.
7. The manager called …………………………… a meeting to discuss the
project updates.
8. They decided to team …………………………… with a local charity for the
event.
9. She filled …………………………… for the job position and was interviewed
the next day.
10.After the storm, they had to clean …………………………… the yard from
fallen branches.
Answers:
1. The team needs to bounce back after their recent defeat.
2. He brought up an interesting perspective during the discussion.
3. She came up with a plan to improve productivity in the office.
4. The company is planning to branch out into new markets next year.
5. I need to look over this report before the meeting starts.
6. He set out on a journey to find his biological parents.
7. The manager called for a meeting to discuss the project updates.
8. They decided to team up with a local charity for the event.
9. She filled out for the job position and was interviewed the next day.
10.After the storm, they had to clean up the yard from fallen branches.
Do as directed
1. The heavy showers of rain revived the plants ( begin with : The
plants……..)
2. The teacher said to me, “ Is this the way to recite the poem?” ( Begin
with: The teacher asked…….)
3. She finishes her work and went to bed. ( begin with : Having
finished……)
4. On the arrival of the chief guest the ceremonies will start. ( Begin with:
The ceremonies will start…….)
5. He is too clever to be cheated by his friends ( begin with: He is so
clever……..)
Here are the sentences rewritten as directed:
1. The plants were revived by the heavy showers of rain.
2. The teacher asked me, "Is this the way to recite the poem?"
3. Having finished her work, she went to bed.
4. The ceremonies will start upon the arrival of the chief guest.
5. He is so clever that he cannot be cheated by his friends.
In each of the following items, sentence I is complete, while sentence II is
not. Complete sentence II, making it as similar as possible to sentence I.
Write sentence II in each case.
A (i) P.G Wodehouse is the funniest author I have ever read.
(ii) No other……………………………………..
Ans: A (ii) No other author I have ever read is as funny as P.G. Wodehouse
B (i) Michelangelo was an architect and a poet.
(ii) Not only ……………………………………..
Ans: B (ii) Not only was Michelangelo an architect, but he was also a poet.
C (i) Sara said that she would come to my house the following day.
(ii) Sara said to me, “…………………………..
Ans: C (ii) Sara said to me, "I will come to your house the following day."
D (i) As soon as the students enter the classroom, the teacher welcomes
them.
(ii) No sooner ……………………………………………………….
Ans: D (ii) No sooner do the students enter the classroom than the teacher
welcomes them.
E (i) Only the weaver knows where the shoe pinches.
(ii) None ………………………………………………………
Ans: E (ii) None but the weaver knows where the shoe pinches.
A (ii) No other author I have ever read is as funny as P.G. Wodehouse.
B (ii) Not only was Michelangelo an architect, but he was also a poet.
C (ii) Sara said to me, "I will come to your house the following day."
D (ii) No sooner do the students enter the classroom than the teacher
welcomes them.
E (ii) None but the weaver knows where the shoe pinches.
Fill in the blanks in the passage given below with the appropriate form of the
verb given in brackets. Do not write the passage but write the verbs in the
correct order.
A young man had a beautiful garden in his mansion. As he loved flowers,
shrubs and trees, he tended to the garden himself. Next to his mansion,
there was a small house in which ………….(1) (live) and old man. One day,
when the young man was ………….(2) (expect) some special guests, he took
extra in …………..(3) (tend) to the garden. He pulled the weeds ………..(4)
(trim) the shrubs, combed the moss and spent a long time meticulously
…………..(5) ( rake) up and carefully arranging all the dry autumn leaves. As
he worked, the old man ………….(6)(watch) him with interest from across the
wall that ………..(7)(separate) their houses
When he had finished, the young man stood back to ……………..(8) (admire)
his work, “Isn’t it beautiful?”, he called out to the old man. “Yes”, replied the
old man, “ but there is something missing, Help me over this wall and I’ll
put it right for you.”
After a slight hesitation, the young man ……….(9) (lift) the old fellow over and
set him down. Slowly, the old man walked to the tree near the centre of the
garden, grabbed it by the trunk, and shook it. Leaves…………(10) (shower)
down all over the garden and formed a beautiful carpet. “There”, said the
old man, “now it is perfect!”
A young man had a beautiful garden in his mansion. As he loved flowers,
shrubs and trees, he tended to the garden himself. Next to his mansion,
there was a small house in which (1) lived an old man. One day, when the
young man was (2) expecting some special guests, he took extra in (3)
tending to the garden. He pulled the weeds (4) trimming the shrubs,
combed the moss and spent a long time meticulously (5) raking up and
carefully arranging all the dry autumn leaves. As he worked, the old man (6)
watched him with interest from across the wall that (7) separated their
houses. When he had finished, the young man stood back to (8) admire his
work, “Isn’t it beautiful?”, he called out to the old man. “Yes”, replied the old
man, “but there is something missing. Help me over this wall and I’ll put it
right for you.” After a slight hesitation, the young man (9) lifted the old
fellow over and set him down. Slowly, the old man walked to the tree near
the center of the garden, grabbed it by the trunk, and shook it. Leaves (10)
showered down all over the garden and formed a beautiful carpet. “There”,
said the old man, “now it is perfect!”
2024 PLE PAPER
Fill in each blank with a suitable word. (Do not write the sentence.)
1. The volume of the television needs to be turned…………….as it is too
loud.
2. A golden opportunity turned ………just when he needed it the most.
3. Since I have a terrible toothache, I cannot put ………going to the
dentist any longer.
4. Please put ……….your coat before going outside as it is cold.
5. She dropped the plate and it broke …………..tiny pieces.
6. She broke …………on receiving the news of her grandfather’s death.
7. She was wearing a beautiful necklace made ………silver.
8. This dish is made ……….chickpeas, tomatoes and herbs.
9. The issue was brought ………my notice very late.
10.The children were brought ……….to treat people with kindness and
empathy.
1. The volume of the television needs to be turned down as it is too
loud.
2. A golden opportunity turned up just when he needed it the most.
3. Since I have a terrible toothache, I cannot put off going to the dentist
any longer.
4. Please put on your coat before going outside as it is cold.
5. She dropped the plate and it broke into tiny pieces.
6. She broke down on receiving the news of her grandfather’s death.
7. She was wearing a beautiful necklace made of silver.
8. This dish is made with chickpeas, tomatoes, and herbs.
9. The issue was brought to my notice very late.
10.The children were brought up to treat people with kindness and
empathy.
1. Sobha asked ……..for the direction to the shop but no one seemed to
know the exact address.
2. Lisa broke ……….when she got to hear the results.
3. Our car broke ……..in the middle of nowhere.
4. She then broke …..with sam because he refused to help her.
5. It seems Sam’s house was broken ………last evening.
6. A mini riot broke ………as soon as the ice cream truck arrived.
7. The opposition party worked for over a year to bring……..the
President.
8. The moment I bring ……..the topic of my vacation, my boss changed
the topic.
9. We haven’t met in ages; let’s catch………sometimes soon.
10.I called the team …….to my place to celebrate.
1. Sobha asked around for the direction to the shop but no one seemed
to know the exact address.
2. Lisa broke down when she got to hear the results.
3. Our car broke down in the middle of nowhere.
4. She then broke up with Sam because he refused to help her.
5. It seems Sam’s house was broken into last evening.
6. A mini riot broke out as soon as the ice cream truck arrived.
7. The opposition party worked for over a year to bring down the
President.
8. The moment I bring up the topic of my vacation, my boss changed the
topic.
9. We haven’t met in ages; let’s catch up sometimes soon.
10.I called the team over to my place to celebrate.
4. Verb Forms: There's a variety of verb forms used, including past tense
(e.g., "turned," "broke," "ran," "looked"), infinitive ("to set," "to
carry," "to appoint"), and gerund ("carrying," "appointing").
11.Anil bore ………..the first prize in sports.
12.This testimony did not bear……….the inquiry.
13.His business brings ……….a lot of money.
14.What has brought …………the quarrel in the family?
15.The movement brought …………….no considerable gains.
16.He had to bear ………..her rude behaviour.
17.She refused to back ………..on a point of principle.
18.The meeting broke …………..late at night.
19.She broke …………..tears when she heard the news.
20.She has acted ………..my advice.
Anil bore off the first prize in sports.
This testimony did not bear upon the inquiry.
His business brings in a lot of money.
What has brought about the quarrel in the family?
The movement brought about no considerable gains.
He had to bear with her rude behavior.
She refused to back down on a point of principle.
The meeting broke up late at night.
She broke into tears when she heard the news.
She has acted on my advice.
2019
Question 4.
Read the passage given below and answer the questions (a), (b) and (c) that
follow :
(1) At the Literary Society’s meeting, Isola read out the letters written to her
Granny Pheen, when she was but a little girl. They were from a very kind
man — a complete stranger. Isola told us how these letters came to be
written.
(2) When Granny Pheen was nine years old, her cat died. Heartbroken,
sitting in the middle of the road, she was sobbing her heart out.
(3) A carriage, driving far too fast, came within a whisker of running her
down. A very big man in a dark coat with a fur collar, jumped out. leaned
over Pheen and asked if he could help her. Granny Pheen said she was
beyond help. Muffin, her cat, was dead.
(4) The man said, ‘Of course, Muffin’s not dead. You do know cats have nine
lives, don’t you?’ When Pheen said yes, the man said, ‘Well, I happen to
know your Muffin was only on her third life, so she has six lives left.’ Pheen
asked how he knew. He said he always knew — cats would often appear in
his mind and chat with him. Well, not in words, of course, but in pictures.
(5) He sat down on the road beside her and told her to keep still — very still.
He would see if Muffin wanted to visit him. They sat in silence for several
minutes, when suddenly the man grabbed Pheen’s hand.
(6) ‘Ah—yes! There she is ! She’s being born this minute! In a mansion — in
France. There’s a little boy petting her, he’s going to call her Solange. This
Solange has great spirit, great verve — I can tell already ! She is going to
have a long, venturesome life’.
(7) Granny Pheen was so rapt by Muffin’s new fate that she stopped ciying.
The man said he would visit Solange every so often and find out how she
was faring.
(8) He asked for Granny Pheen’s name and the name of the farm where she
lived, got back into the carriage, and left.
(9) Absurd as all this sounds. Granny Pheen did receive eight long letters,
Isola then read them out. They were all about Muffin’s life as the French cat
— Solange. She was, apparently, something of a feline musketeer. She was
no idle cat, lolling about on cushions, lapping up cream — she lived through
one wild adventure after another — the only cat ever to be awarded the red
rosette of the Legion of Honour.
(10) What a story this man had made up for Pheen — lively, witty, full of
drama and suspense. We were enchanted, speechless at the reading. When
it was over (and much applauded), I asked Isola if I could see the letters, and
she handed them to me.
The writer had signed his letters with a grand flourish .
Very Truly Yours,
O.F.O’F. W.W.
It was highly possible that Isola had inherited eight letters written by Oscar
Wilde, for who else could have had such a preposterous name as Oscar
Fingal O’Flahertie Willis wilde.
Adapted from The Guernsey Literary & Potato Peel Pie Society —
By Mary Ann Shaffer & Annie Barrows
(a) (i) Given below are four words and phrases. Find the words which have a
similar meaning in the passage: (4)
(1) adventurous
(2) cat-like
(3) appreciated
(4) received something on someone’s death
(ii) For each of the words given below, write a sentence of at least ten words
using the same word unchanged in form, but with a different meaning from
that which it carries in the passage : (4)
(1) kind (line 2)
(2) mind (line 13)
(3) still (line 15)
(4) sounds (line 26)
(b) Answer the following questions in your own words as briefly as possible :
(i) Where did Isola get the letters from to read at the Literary Society’s
meeting? [2]
(ii) Who consoled Granny Pheen when she was heart-broken? What did he
say about Muffin’s lives? [2]
(iii) What did the man say when Granny Pheen asked him how he knew
about cats’ lives? [2]
(iv) According to the man, what was Muffin’s new fate ? [3]
(c) In not more than 100 words, summarise why the eight letters were a
treasure to Granny Pheen. (Paragraphs 2 to 10). Failure to keep within the
world limit will be penalised. You will be required to write the summary in
the form of a connected passage in about 100 words. [8]
Answers:
(i)
(1) venturesome
(2) feline
(3) applauded
(4) inherited
(ii) (1) Kind: I am not that kind of girl who can be easily flattered.
(2) mind: Would you mind my smoking in your room for a while?
(3) still: I am sorry but there is still more bad new s for you.
(4) sounds : Try to be familiar with different sounds and smells of the forest.
(b) (i) Isola got the letters from her Granny written to her by a stranger (in
reality; Oscer Wilde) when she was but a small girl.
(ii) The stranger consoled Granny Pheen when she was heart-broken. He said
that Muffin was not really dead, as a cat had nine lives, he added, she was
on her third life.
(iii) he told Granny Pheen that he knew about cat’s lives as cats would often
appear in his mind and chat with him.
(iv) According to the man, Muffin was being born that minute in a mansion
in France.
(c) Summary
When Granny Pheen was nine, her cat died. She was heart-broken. A man
came and consoled her saying that her cat was not really dead. As a cat had
nine lives, her cat was on her third life. She was actually being born in a
mansion in France. The man said that he knew about it as cats often
appeared in his mind and chat with him. Granny Pheen stopped crying. The
man went away and wrote her long letters about the new life of her cat,
named Solange. Solange had been honored for her various adventures.
These letters were read by her niece Isola at the Literary Society’s meeting.
Question 4.
Read the passage given below and answer the questions (a), (b) and (c) that
follow :
(1) I could hear the squeaking that heralded the evening arrival of the hats. I
listened to the noises of the approaching night. Every day my hearing grew
sharper. I was learning to filter out whatever I did not need to listen to, and
giving no sign that I could hear everything that went on in the house.
(2) I could not sleep. The air was heavy and still, the moon hidden behind
thick 5 hanks of cloud. Lord Otori was sound asleep. I did not want to leave
the house I’d come to love so much, but I seemed to be bringing nothing but
trouble to it. Perhaps it would be better for everyone if I just vanished in the
night.
(3) Now I heard the hiss of hot water as the bath was prepared, the clatter of
10 dishes from the kitchen, the sliding sigh of the cook’s knife, a dog barking
two streets away, and the sounds of feet on the wooden bridges on the
canals. I knew the sounds of the house, day and night, in sunshine and under
the rain.
This evening I realized I was always listening for something more. I was
waiting too. For what ? 15
(4) I began to wonder if I could get out of the house without setting the dogs
barking and arousing the guards. I started consciously listening for the dogs.
Usually I heard them bark on and off throughout the night, but I’d learned to
distinguish their barks and to ignore them. I set my ears for them but heard
nothing. Then I started listening for the guards : the sound of a foot on stone
or a whispered conversation. Nothing. Sounds that should have been there
were missing from the night’s familiar web.
(5) Now I was wide-awake, straining my ears to hear. There came the
slightest of sounds, hardly more than a tremor, between the window and
the ground.
(6) For a moment I thought it was the earth-shaking, as it so often did.
Another tiny tremble followed, then another. Someone was climbing up the
side of the house.
(7) My first instinct was to yell out, but cunning took over. I rose from the
mattress and crept silently to Lord Otrori’s side. I knelt beside him and
whispered in his ear, “Lord Otori, someone is outside.”
(8) He woke instantly, and then reached for the sword and knife that lay
beside him. I gestured to the window. The faint tremor came again.
(9) Lord Otori passed the knife to me and stepped to the wall. I moved to the
other side of the window. We waited for the assassin to climb in.
(10) Step by step he came up the wall, stealthy and unhurried, as if he had all
the time in the world. We waited for him with the same patience.
(11) He paused on the still to take out the knife he planned to use on us, and
then stepped inside. Lord Otori took him in a stranglehold. The intruder
wriggled backwards. I leaped at him, and the three of us fell into the garden
like a flurry of fighting cats.
(12) The man fell first, across the stream, striking his head on a boulder. Lord
Otori landed on his feet. My fall was broken by one of the shrubs. The
intruder groaned, tried to rise, but slipped hack into the water.
(13) “Get a light,” Lord Otori said.
(14) I ran to the house, took a light that still burned in one of the candle
stands and carried it back to the garden.
(15) The assassin had died without regaining consciousness. It turned out he
had a poison pellet in his mouth and had crushed it as he fell. He was
dressed in black, with no marking on his clothes. I held the light over him.
There was nothing to tell us who he was.
Adapted from Tales of the Otori by Lian Hearn
(a) (i) Given below are four words and phrases. Find the words which have a
similar meaning in the passage : (4)
(1) Coming near
(2) Disappeared suddenly
(3) Awakening from sleep
(4) Moved slowly and gradually
(ii) For each of the words given below, write a sentence of at least ten words
using the same word unchanged in form, but with a different meaning from
that which it carries in the passage : (4)
(1) Bats (line 1)
(2) Sign (line 4)
(3) Banks (line 6)
(4) Back (line 43)
b) Answer the following questions in our own words as briefly as possible:
(i) What could the narrator hear as he was hing down? [3]
(ii) Why couldn’t the narrator sleep? [2]
(iiI) When did he realise that there was something rong? [2]
(iv) How did the narrator and Lord Otori overpower the intruder? [3]
(c) Describe the incident of the assassination attempt that took place during
the night, in not more than loo words (Paragraphs 4 to 15) Failure to keep
within the word limit will be penalised. You will be required to:
(i) List your ideas clearly in point form. (6)
(ii) In about 100 words, write your points in the form of a connected passage
(6)
Answers:
(a) (i)
(1) approaching
(2) vanished
(3) woke is and
(4) stealthy
(ii) (1) Bats : All the players were given new Bats.
(2) Headache may be a sign of stress.
(3) Banks : There are many private banks in our country.
(4) Back: M’ back has been aching since last night.
(b) (i) As the narrator was lying down he heard the loud cry of the bats.
(ii) The narrator could not speak because there was disturbance of the
barking of the dogs and the sound of footsteps.
(ii) The narrator felt that there as something wrong. The earth seemed to be
shaking someone was climbing up the side of the house.
(iv) Someone was trying to enter the house secretly. The narrator and Lord
Otori took note of the intruder. They planned to capturing. Both of (hein
attacked the assassin and overpowered the stranger.
(c (i)
hearing of the strange movement at night.
the narrator felt (hat something was wrong.
noticed the movement outside.
the narrator and Lord Otori jointly attacked the intruder
they overpowered him and pushed hini into the water
The assassin slipped back lillo the water and died.
(ii) The narrator could not sleep at night. He heard strange sounds that kept
him awake. At finie, he felt that the earth was shaking. He noticed an
intruder outside. He was the assassin. The narrator and Lord Oton planned
to overpower him. They attacked and pushed him into the water. The
assassin was drowned. Later on (hey discovered that the man had a poison
pellet in his mouth and had crushed it as he fell. He died there and then.
Question 4.
Read the passage given below and answer the questions (a), (b) and (c) that
follow :
(1) I could hear the squeaking that heralded the evening arrival of the bats. I
listened to the noises of the approaching night. Every day my hearing grew
sharper. I was learning to filter out whatever I did not need to listen to, and
giving no sign that I could hear everything that went on in the house.
(2) I could not sleep. The air was heavy and still, the moon hidden behind
thick 5 hanks of cloud. Lord Otori was sound asleep. I did not want to leave
the house I’d come to love so much, but I seemed to be bringing nothing but
trouble to it. Perhaps it would be better for everyone if I just vanished in the
night.
(3) Now I heard the hiss of hot water as the bath was prepared, the clatter of
10 dishes from the kitchen, the sliding sigh of the cook’s knife, a dog barking
two streets away, and the sounds of feet on the wooden bridges on the
canals. I knew the sounds of the house, day and night, in sunshine and under
the rain.
This evening I realized I was always listening for something more. I was
waiting too. For what ? 15
(4) I began to wonder if I could get out of the house without setting the dogs
barking and arousing the guards. I started consciously listening for the dogs.
Usually I heard them bark on and off throughout the night, but I’d learned to
distinguish their barks and to ignore them. I set my ears for them but heard
nothing. Then I started listening for the guards : the sound of a foot on stone
or a whispered conversation. Nothing. Sounds that should have been there
were missing from the night’s familiar web.
(5) Now I was wide-awake, straining my ears to hear. There came the
slightest of sounds, hardly more than a tremor, between the window and
the ground.
(6) For a moment I thought it was the earth-shaking, as it so often did.
Another tiny tremble followed, then another. Someone was climbing up the
side of the house.
(7) My first instinct was to yell out, but cunning took over. I rose from the
mattress and crept silently to Lord Otrori’s side. I knelt beside him and
whispered in his ear, “Lord Otori, someone is outside.”
(8) He woke instantly, and then reached for the sword and knife that lay
beside him. I gestured to the window. The faint tremor came again.
(9) Lord Otori passed the knife to me and stepped to the wall. I moved to the
other side of the window. We waited for the assassin to climb in.
(10) Step by step he came up the wall, stealthy and unhurried, as if he had all
the time in the world. We waited for him with the same patience.
(11) He paused on the still to take out the knife he planned to use on us, and
then stepped inside. Lord Otori took him in a stranglehold. The intruder
wriggled backwards. I leaped at him, and the three of us fell into the garden
like a flurry of fighting cats.
(12) The man fell first, across the stream, striking his head on a boulder. Lord
Otori landed on his feet. My fall was broken by one of the shrubs. The
intruder groaned, tried to rise, but slipped back into the water.
(13) “Get a light,” Lord Otori said.
(14) I ran to the house, took a light that still burned in one of the candle
stands and carried it back to the garden.
(15) The assassin had died without regaining consciousness. It turned out he
had a poison pellet in his mouth and had crushed it as he fell. He was
dressed in black, with no marking on his clothes. I held the light over him.
There was nothing to tell us who he was.
Adapted from Tales of the Otori by Lian Hearn
(a) (i) Given below are four words and phrases. Find the words which have a
similar meaning in the passage : (4)
(1) Coming near
(2) Disappeared suddenly
(3) Awakening from sleep
(4) Moved slowly and gradually
(ii) For each of the words given below, write a sentence of at least ten words
using the same word unchanged in form, but with a different meaning from
that which it carries in the passage : (4)
(1) Bats (line 1)
(2) Sign (line 4)
(3) Banks (line 6)
(4) Back (line 43)
(b) Answer the following questions in our own words as briefly as possible:
(i) What could the narrator hear as he was hing down? [3]
(ii) Why couldn’t the narrator sleep? [2]
(iiI) When did he realise that there was something rong? [2]
(iv) How did the narrator and Lord Otori overpower the intruder? [3]
(c) Describe the incident of the assassination attempt that took place during
the night, in not more than 1oo words (Paragraphs 4 to 15) Failure to keep
within the word limit will be penalised. You will be required to:
(i) List your ideas clearly in point form. (6)
(ii) In about 100 words, write your points in the form of a connected passage
(6)
Answers:
(a) (i)
(1) approaching
(2) vanished
(3) woke is and
(4) stealthy
(ii) (1) Bats : All the players were given new Bats.
(2) Headache may be a sign of stress.
(3) Banks : There are many private banks in our country.
(4) Back: M’ back has been aching since last night.
(b) (i) As the narrator was lying down he heard the loud cry of the bats.
(ii) The narrator could not speak because there was disturbance of the
barking of the dogs and the sound of footsteps.
(ii) The narrator felt that there as something wrong. The earth seemed to be
shaking someone was climbing up the side of the house.
(iv) Someone was trying to enter the house secretly. The narrator and Lord
Otori took note of the intruder. They planned to capturing. Both of (hein
attacked the assassin and overpowered the stranger.
(c (i)
hearing of the strange movement at night.
the narrator felt (hat something was wrong.
noticed the movement outside.
the narrator and Lord Otori jointly attacked the intruder
they overpowered him and pushed hini into the water
The assassin slipped back lillo the water and died.
(ii) The narrator could not sleep at night. He heard strange sounds that kept
him awake. At finie, he felt that the earth was shaking. He noticed an
intruder outside. He was the assassin. The narrator and Lord Oton planned
to overpower him. They attacked and pushed him into the water. The
assassin was drowned. Later on (hey discovered that the man had a poison
pellet in his mouth and had crushed it as he fell. He died there and then.
1. Not only did he buy a desktop but also a laptop.
Besides………………………
2. The heavy showers of rain revived the plants.
The plants …………………………………..
3. The men were forced to work although the light was poor.
In spite of ………………………………….
4. No sooner did we see a flash of light in the sky than we heard a
loud explosion near us.
As soon as …………………………………………………
5. As she has not brought a pen, she is writing with a pencil.
Not ……………………………
6. Mumbai is the most vibrant city in India.
No ………………………………………………..
7. Their dog is too friendly to be an effective guard dog.
Their dog is so………………………………………………..
8. Sameer said, “ Ramesh, can you help me with my homework?”
Sameer ……………………………………………………………
9. All nooks and corners were checked.
No nook or corner ……………………………..
10. How long I shall stay is doubtful?
The………………………………….
Fill in the blanks with suitable word.
1. If we set ……early, we can return before sunset.
2. He left the company for good and set…… his own business.
3. The teacher jumped……. a conclusion and punished the child.
4. Ramesh jumped………my offer of a job.
5. I am a simple man and have no use……..much money.
6. My father lost the use…..his right arm in an accident.
7. Rahul decided to carry……with tennis and give up volleyball.
8. Dinanath is a good worker and is always ready to carry ……his
master’s orders.
9. Reena agreed ……..me when I proposed a meeting.
10.The four sisters could not agree………themselves.
Fill in each blank with a suitable word.
1.Do you want to take…….. every single object from the box?
2. The plane must take …… before dark.
3. The children spoke…….. a whisper as they were scared.
4. We must not speak ill about a person ……..his back.
5. He disliked the play so much that he walked ………in the middle
Of the first act.
6. Walking barefoot………. the grass is very good for health.
7. This rule does not apply …………you as you are less than eighteen years
old.
8. You must apply ……….the job immediately.
9. They have been living in Delhi ………….ten years.
10. Mrs. Kapur has been living in Chennai………..2000.
ANSWERS
1. Do you want to take out every single object from the box?
2. The plane must take off before dark.
3. The children spoke in a whisper as they were scared.
4. We must not speak ill about a person behind his back.
5. He disliked the play so much that he walked out in the middle of the
first act.
6. Walking barefoot on the grass is very good for health.
7. This rule does not apply to you as you are less than eighteen years old.
8. You must apply for the job immediately.
9. They have been living in Delhi for ten years.
10.Mrs. Kapur has been living in Chennai since 2000.
QUESTION
1. She couldn't find her keys anywhere, so she had to search
______________ the sofa cushions.
2. Don't forget to turn ______________ the lights when you leave the
room.
3. The teacher asked the students to write a short essay
______________ their favorite book.
4. The chef prepared a delicious meal ______________ fresh
ingredients.
5. The hikers decided to camp ______________ the mountain for the
night.
6. I need to buy some groceries ______________ my way home from
work.
7. The children were excited to go ______________ a field trip to the
zoo.
8. He was so tired that he fell asleep ______________ the couch.
9. I can't believe he was able to swim ______________ that freezing cold
water.
10.The artist painted a beautiful sunset ______________ the canvas.
ANSWERS
1. She couldn't find her keys anywhere, so she had to search between
the sofa cushions.
2. Don't forget to turn off the lights when you leave the room.
3. The teacher asked the students to write a short essay about their
favorite book.
4. The chef prepared a delicious meal using fresh ingredients.
5. The hikers decided to camp on the mountain for the night.
6. I need to buy some groceries on my way home from work.
7. The children were excited to go on a field trip to the zoo.
8. He was so tired that he fell asleep on the couch.
9. I can't believe he was able to swim in that freezing cold water.
10.The artist painted a beautiful sunset on the canvas.
FILL IN WITH THE APPROPRIATE WORDS
1. The scientist was puzzled by the anomaly and needed to conduct
further research ______________ it.
2. She was incredibly skilled at playing the piano, often mesmerizing her
audience ______________ her performances.
3. The architect designed a unique building that blended seamlessly
______________ the natural surroundings.
4. The company decided to invest heavily in technology to stay
competitive ______________ the market.
5. The mystery novel was so engrossing that he couldn't put it down,
finishing it ______________ a single night.
6. The conductor directed the orchestra with great passion and
precision, ensuring a flawless performance ______________ the
audience.
7. The mountaineer faced extreme conditions while ascending the peak,
battling against harsh weather conditions and exhaustion
______________ his way to the top.
8. She had to negotiate a complex contract with multiple clauses, and it
took several weeks to work ______________ the details.
9. The artist's brush moved effortlessly ______________ the canvas,
creating a masterpiece with each stroke.
10.The teacher encouraged the students to think critically and engage
actively ______________ the subject matter.
ANSWERS
1. The scientist was puzzled by the anomaly and needed to conduct
further research into it.
2. She was incredibly skilled at playing the piano, often mesmerizing her
audience with her performances.
3. The architect designed a unique building that blended seamlessly with
the natural surroundings.
4. The company decided to invest heavily in technology to stay
competitive in the market.
5. The mystery novel was so engrossing that he couldn't put it down,
finishing it in a single night.
6. The conductor directed the orchestra with great passion and
precision, ensuring a flawless performance for the audience.
7. The mountaineer faced extreme conditions while ascending the peak,
battling against harsh weather conditions and exhaustion on his way
to the top.
8. She had to negotiate a complex contract with multiple clauses, and it
took several weeks to work out the details.
9. The artist's brush moved effortlessly across the canvas, creating a
masterpiece with each stroke.
10.The teacher encouraged the students to think critically and engage
actively with the subject matter.
1. Raju plays both cricket and football.
Begin Not only…………………………………
2. She was too full for another meal.
Begin: She was so……………………………
3. Ranjeet said, “Sheela, why don’t you take the advice of your parents in
this matter ?”
Begin: Ranjeet asked Sheela……………………..
4. Rahul has not been to schools for over two months.
It has …………………………………………………..
5. As soon as he entered the room, he slipped and fell.
Hardly ……………………………………………………..
6. Candidates may not bring textbooks into the examination hall.
Candidates are……………………………………………
7. Although it was a sunny day, it was very cold.
Despite ………………………………………………………
8. The book I had read earlier was better than this book.
This book is……………………………………………………..
9. They said that he had broken the chair.
They accused……………………………………………………
10.All the girls have brought their books with them.
Each of the girls………………………………………………….
In each of the following items, sentence A is complete, while sentence B is
not. Complete sentence B, making it as similar as possible to sentence A.
Write sentences B in each case.
Question 1:
(A) When the sun sets, the sky turns vibrant shades of orange and
pink.
Begin hardly……..
(B) Hardly does the sun set, when the sky takes on vibrant shades of
orange and pink.
Question 2:
(A) After the rain stops, people come out with umbrellas and
raincoats.
(B) Begin scarcely…….
(B) Scarcely has the rain stopped, when people emerge with umbrellas
and raincoats.
Question 3:
(A) As the temperature drops, people start wearing warmer clothes.
(B) Begin No sooner………..
(B) No sooner does the temperature drop, than people begin wearing
warmer clothes.
Question 4:
(A) When the music starts, the dancers move in graceful synchrony.
(B) Begin Barely
(B) Barely has the music started, when the dancers begin moving in
graceful synchrony.
Question 5:
(A) As soon as the chef finishes cooking, the aroma fills the entire
kitchen.
(B) Use “ the moment”
(B) The moment the chef finishes cooking, the aroma fills the entire
kitchen.
Question 6:
(A) When the moon rises, the night sky becomes beautifully
illuminated.
(B) Little does the moon rise, before the night sky becomes beautifully
illuminated.
Question 7:
(A) After the show ends, the audience gives a standing ovation.
(B) Begin “just as”
(B) Just as the show ends, the audience breaks into a standing ovation.
Question 8:
(A) As the wind picks up, the leaves rustle and swirl in the air.
(B) Scarcely does the wind pick up, when the leaves rustle and swirl in
the air.
Question 9:
(A) When the final whistle blows, the players shake hands.
(B) No sooner does the final whistle blow, than the players start
shaking hands.
Question 10:
(A) After the cake is baked, it's time to frost and decorate it.
(B) Hardly is the cake baked, when it's time to frost and decorate it.
Question 11:
(A) As the sun rises, the birds start their morning songs.
(B) The sun rising signals the birds to begin their morning songs.
Question 12:
(A) When the book is released, readers eagerly grab their copies.
(B) The moment the book is released, readers eagerly grab their
copies.
Question 13:
(A) After the rainclouds disperse, a rainbow appears in the sky.
(B) Scarcely have the rainclouds dispersed, when a rainbow appears in
the sky.
Question 14:
(A) When the clock strikes twelve, fireworks light up the night sky.
(B) No sooner does the clock strike twelve, than fireworks light up the
night sky.
Question 15:
(A) As the day breaks, the city comes to life with bustling activity.
(B) Just as the day breaks, the city comes to life with bustling activity.
Question 16:
(A) After the announcement is made, the crowd erupts into cheers.
(B) The announcement made, the crowd erupts into cheers.
Question 17:
(A) When the music fades, the audience bursts into applause.
(B) The music fading triggers the audience to burst into applause.
Question 18:
(A) After the storm passes, the air feels fresh and invigorating.
(B) Hardly has the storm passed, when the air feels fresh and
invigorating.
Question 19:
(A) When the train arrives, passengers quickly board it.
(B) The train arriving, passengers quickly board it.
Question 20:
(A) As the clock strikes midnight, fireworks illuminate the sky.
(B) The clock striking midnight signifies fireworks illuminating the sky.
Question 1:
(A) When the teacher explains a concept, the students eagerly take
notes.
(B) Seldom does a concept get explained by the teacher, without the
students eagerly taking notes.
Question 2:
(A) After the chef cooks the meal, the aroma wafts through the
kitchen.
(B) Rarely is the meal cooked by the chef, without the aroma wafting
through the kitchen.
Question 3:
(A) As the sun sets, the temperature starts to drop.
(B) Not often does the sun set, without the temperature starting to
drop.
Question 4:
(A) When the conductor raises the baton, the orchestra begins
playing.
(B) On few occasions does the baton get raised by the conductor,
without the orchestra beginning to play.
Question 5:
(A) After the author finishes the book, the manuscript goes through
editing.
(B) Little does the author finish the book, before the manuscript goes
through editing.
Question 6:
(A) When the teacher enters the classroom, the students stand up.
(B) Rarely does the classroom see the teacher enter, without the
students standing up.
Question 7:
(A) As the storm passes, the sky clears up.
(B) Hardly does the storm pass, without the sky clearing up.
Question 8:
(A) When the button is pressed, the machine starts humming.
(B) On very few occasions does the button get pressed, without the
machine starting to hum.
Question 9:
(A) After the race ends, the winners receive their medals.
(B) Seldom does the race end, without the winners receiving their
medals.
Question 10:
(A) As the clock strikes nine, the meeting begins.
(B) Rarely does the clock strike nine, without the meeting beginning.
Question 11:
(A) When the wind blows, the leaves rustle in the trees.
(B) Hardly does the wind blow, without the leaves rustling in the trees.
Question 12:
(A) After the news is broadcast, people discuss it passionately.
(B) Not often is the news broadcast, without people discussing it
passionately.
Question 13:
(A) As the sun rises, the world awakens to a new day.
(B) Rarely does the sun rise, without the world awakening to a new
day.
Question 14:
(A) When the competition concludes, the winners are announced.
(B) Seldom does the competition conclude, without the winners being
announced.
Question 15:
(A) After the song finishes, the crowd erupts into cheers.
(B) On few occasions does the song finish, without the crowd erupting
into cheers.
Question 16:
(A) When the rain stops, people come out with umbrellas.
(B) Not often does the rain stop, without people coming out with
umbrellas.
Question 17:
(A) As the temperature drops, people bundle up in warm clothes.
(B) Rarely does the temperature drop,
Here are 20 challenging fill-in-the-blank questions using articles,
conjunctions, prepositions, adjectives, and adverbs. The answers are
provided at the end.
Question 1: The _______ speaker discussed various topics, from
climate change to social justice.
Question 2: She was a diligent worker, always completing her tasks
_______ errors.
Question 3: Despite his initial hesitation, he eventually agreed to
participate _______ the project.
Question 4: The magician's performance was truly extraordinary,
leaving the audience _______ awe.
Question 5: The scientists conducted experiments to determine the
effects of temperature _______ plant growth.
Question 6: The athlete's success was due to his _______ training
regimen and unwavering dedication.
Question 7: The hikers trekked through the dense forest, _______
encountering various challenges along the way.
Question 8: The artist's _______ strokes of color transformed the
blank canvas into a masterpiece.
Question 9: Her novel was acclaimed for its _______ crafted
characters and intricate plot.
Question 10: The orchestra played the music _______ and
passionately, captivating the audience.
Question 11: He managed to solve the puzzle _______ quickly that it
amazed everyone in the room.
Question 12: The chef prepared a feast _______ delicious dishes that
left everyone satisfied.
Question 13: The company's _______ strategy involved expanding
their market share through innovative products.
Question 14: The movie's _______ scenes were accompanied by a
hauntingly beautiful soundtrack.
Question 15: The patient's recovery was steady, with _______
improvement in his condition each day.
Question 16: The author's writing style is characterized by _______
descriptive language and vivid imagery.
Question 17: The teacher commended her students _______ their
exceptional performance on the exam.
Question 18: The river flowed _______ through the picturesque valley,
reflecting the surrounding landscape.
Question 19: She spoke so _______ that her words were barely
audible in the noisy room.
Question 20: _______ the storm, the ship continued its journey across
the turbulent seas.
1. guest
2. without
3. in
4. in
5. on
6. rigorous
7. often
8. bold
9. well
10.vibrantly
11.so
12.of
13.strategic
14.dramatic
15.steady
16.rich
17.for
18.gracefully
19.softly
20.Despite
1 If he does not run fast he will lose the race
Unless ……………………………………..
2. Nobody knew much about his plans for the future.
Little …………………………
3. On seeing that rat, she shrieked.
As soon as ………………
4. You must never tell a lie.
Under no circumstance…………………..
5. The boss said, “What an extraordinary success!’’.
The boss exclaimed……………………………
6. It is too cold for me to step out without a shawl.
It is so ……………………………………
7. I play both tennis and squash.
Not only …………………
8. The school team lost the cricket match although the captain scored a
century
Despite the fact…………
9. Charles Dickens is the most interesting writer.
No other …………………………..
10. They had to shut down the computers before leaving the office.
Begin : The computers
Answers
1. Unless he runs fast, he will lose the race.
2. Little was known about his plans for the future.
3. As soon as she saw that rat, she shrieked.
4. Under no circumstance should you tell a lie.
5. The boss exclaimed with joy, "What an extraordinary success!"
6. It is so cold that I can't step out without a shawl.
7. Not only do I play tennis, but I also play squash.
8. Despite the fact that the captain scored a century, the school team
lost the cricket match.
9. No other writer is as interesting as Charles Dickens.
10. The computers had to be shut down before leaving the office.
1. When he returned, we asked him many questions
On his………
2. He arrived and the crowd went hysterical with joy.
Scarcely ……….
3. The bus service has been interrupted by floods.
Floods………………..
4. This scenery is breath –taking
How ………………….
5. You are entitled to a discount as long as the offers lasts.
So long ………….
6. He is so tall that he cannot enter through this door
He is too ………………..
7. The doctor said to him, “ Drink at least three litres of water everyday.”
The doctor advised……..
8. Sunita is the best debater in our team.
No other……………..
9. Not only did he score a century but also took three important wickets.
Besides……………………
10.I am sorry I am unable to accompany you.
I regret my ………………
Answers
1. On his return, we asked him many questions.
2. Scarcely had he arrived when the crowd went hysterical with joy.
3. Floods have interrupted the bus service.
4. How breathtaking is this scenery!
5. So long as the offer lasts, you are entitled to a discount.
6. He is too tall to enter through this door.
7. The doctor advised him to drink at least three litres of water every
day.
8. No other debater in our team is as good as Sunita.
9. Besides scoring a century, he also took three important wickets.
10.I regret my inability to accompany you.
WHAT ARE VERBS? HOW ARE THEY USED IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE?
Verbs are an essential part of the English language and play a crucial role in
sentence construction. A verb is a type of word that expresses an action, an
occurrence, or a state of being. It is often referred to as the "doing" or
"action" word in a sentence. Verbs are used to convey what the subject of
the sentence is doing or experiencing. Here are some key points about verbs
and their usage in English:
Action Verbs: These verbs describe an action that the subject is performing.
For example: run, jump, eat, write, dance, etc.
Example: "She dances gracefully."
State of Being Verbs (Linking Verbs): These verbs connect the subject to a
state or condition. They do not show action but indicate a state of existence
or describe a condition. Common linking verbs include: is, am, are, was,
were, be, being, been, etc.
Example: "He is happy."
Helping Verbs (Auxiliary Verbs): These verbs work with the main verb to
express various tenses, moods, and aspects. Common helping verbs include:
can, could, will, would, may, might, shall, should, must, have, has, had, do,
does, did, etc.
Example: "She has finished her homework."
Verb Tenses: Verbs can be used in different tenses to indicate when an
action occurred. The main tenses are: present, past, and future. Each tense
can be further modified into progressive and perfect forms.
Example (present tense): "I eat breakfast every day."
Example (past tense): "She danced at the party yesterday."
Example (future tense): "They will arrive tomorrow."
Example (present progressive tense): "He is watching a movie."
Example (past perfect tense): "She had already left when I arrived."
Subject-Verb Agreement: Verbs must agree with their subject in terms of
number and person. In the present tense, the third person singular verbs
usually end with "s."
Example: "She plays the piano." (The subject "she" agrees with the verb
"plays.")
Verb Forms: Verbs can have different forms such as base form, past form,
and past participle form, depending on the tense and context.
Example: "Base form: walk, Past form: walked, Past participle form: walked."
FINITE AND INFINITE VERBS
Finite Verbs:
A finite verb is a verb that is conjugated to show agreement with the subject
in terms of tense, person, and number. In other words, finite verbs indicate
when an action took place (past, present, future) and who is performing the
action. They are the main verbs in a sentence and carry the primary
meaning. Every complete sentence must contain at least one finite verb. For
example:
She reads books. (Present tense)
They will eat dinner. (Future tense)
He wrote a letter. (Past tense)
In these sentences, "reads," "will eat," and "wrote" are finite verbs.
Infinite Verbs:
An infinite verb, also known as a non-finite verb, is a verb form that does not
show tense, person, or number agreement. It is not bound by these
grammatical characteristics and does not function as the main verb in a
sentence. Instead, infinite verbs are often used to complement finite verbs
or serve specific functions within a sentence. There are three types of
infinite verbs:
Infinitive: The base form of the verb, often preceded by "to." It can be used
after certain verbs or as the subject or object of a sentence.
To read is enjoyable. (Subject)
She wants to study. (After the verb "wants")
Gerund: The -ing form of the verb, used as a noun and often showing the
idea of an ongoing action.
Swimming is my favorite sport. (Subject)
I enjoy reading books. (Object)
Participle: The -ing or -ed/en form of the verb, used to create verb tenses
or as adjectives.
The broken vase needs repair. (Adjective)
She is running late. (Verb tense)
In summary, finite verbs are fully conjugated to show tense, person, and
number, and they function as the main verbs in sentences. Infinite verbs,
on the other hand, lack these conjugations and serve various grammatical
functions within sentences, such as complementing finite verbs or
functioning as nouns or adjectives.
FINITE VERBS
She plays the piano every evening.
Finite Verb: plays
Tense: present
They visited the museum yesterday.
Finite Verb: visited
Tense: past
I will call you later.
Finite Verb: will call
Tense: future
He is cooking dinner right now.
Finite Verb: is cooking
Tense: present
The students completed their assignments last week.
Finite Verb: completed
Tense: past
We have been studying for the exam.
Finite Verb: have been studying
Tense: present continuous
She wants to learn how to swim.
Finite Verb: wants
Tense: present
They had already left when we arrived.
Finite Verb: had already left
Tense: past perfect
Tomorrow, he will be giving a presentation.
Finite Verb: will be giving
Tense: future continuous
The movie starts at 7 PM tonight.
Finite Verb: starts
Tense: present
GIVE SOME FILL IN THE BLANKS ON FINITE VERBS
Here are some fill-in-the-blank exercises to help you practice using finite
verbs in sentences. Choose the appropriate finite verb for each blank and
indicate its tense (past, present, or future).
1. She _______ her favorite book last night.
Finite Verb: read
Tense: past
2. They _______ to the park every Sunday.
Finite Verb: go
Tense: present
3. I _______ my keys in the kitchen this morning.
Finite Verb: left
Tense: past
4. The concert _______ place next week.
Finite Verb: will take
Tense: future
5. He _______ a delicious cake for her birthday.
Finite Verb: baked
Tense: past
6. We _______ to the movies tonight.
Finite Verb: are going
Tense: present
7. She _______ her homework before dinner.
Finite Verb: finishes
Tense: present
8. They _______ to the beach if the weather is nice.
Finite Verb: will go
Tense: future
9. The baby _______ all morning and needs a nap now.
Finite Verb: has been crying
Tense: present continuous
10.Tomorrow, they _______ a new house.
Finite Verb: will buy
Tense: future
INFINITE VERBS
11.She loves _______ (read) novels in her free time.
12.They are excited about _______ (travel) to a new country.
13.He asked me to help him _______ (move) the furniture.
14.Swimming in the lake is her favorite _______ (activity) during the
summer.
15.We saw a _______ (fall) star last night.
16.She enjoys _______ (paint) beautiful landscapes.
17.The students are looking forward to _______ (graduate) next year.
18.The _______ (bake) cookies smell amazing in the kitchen.
19.Learning a new language can be quite _______ (challenge) but
rewarding.
20.The movie was so _______ (entertain) that we watched it twice.
ANSWERS
11.She loves reading novels in her free time.
12.They are excited about traveling to a new country.
13.He asked me to help him move the furniture.
14.Swimming in the lake is her favorite activity during the summer.
15.We saw a falling star last night.
16.She enjoys painting beautiful landscapes.
17.The students are looking forward to graduating next year.
18.The baking cookies smell amazing in the kitchen.
19.Learning a new language can be quite challenging but rewarding.
20.The movie was so entertaining that we watched it twice.
Fill in the blanks in the passage given below with the appropriate form of the
verb given in the brackets.
It was a beautiful morning, and the sun (shine) _____ brightly in the sky. The
birds (chirp) _____ merrily, and a gentle breeze (blow) _____ through the
trees. Alice (sit) _____ on the grass, and her friends (play) _____ nearby.
It was a beautiful morning, and the sun was shining brightly in the sky. The
birds were chirping merrily, and a gentle breeze was blowing through the
trees. Alice was sitting on the grass, and her friends were playing nearby.
Suddenly, a ball (roll) _____ towards them. Tom (shout) _____, "Look out!"
and he (run) _____ to catch the ball. He (throw) _____ it back to the group,
and they all (laugh) _____.
Suddenly, a ball rolled towards them. Tom shouted, "Look out!" and he ran
to catch the ball. He threw it back to the group, and they all laughed.
Alice's dog, Max, (be) _____ excited too. He (chase) _____ after the ball and
(bring) _____ it back each time. The children (enjoy) _____ playing with Max
as much as they (enjoy) _____ playing with the ball.
Alice's dog, Max, was excited too. He chased after the ball and brought it
back each time. The children enjoyed playing with Max as much as they
enjoyed playing with the ball.
As the day (progress) _____, they (spend) _____ more time outdoors. They
(run) _____, (jump) _____, and (have) _____ fun together. The sun slowly
(set) _____, painting the sky with beautiful colors.
As the day progressed, they spent more time outdoors. They ran, jumped,
and had fun together. The sun slowly set, painting the sky with beautiful
colors.
By the time they (return) _____ home, they (feel) _____ tired but happy. It
(be) _____ a perfect day filled with laughter and joy.
By the time they returned home, they felt tired but happy. It had been a
perfect day filled with laughter and joy.
ANSWERS
2. Last summer, my family and I (decide) _____ to go on a vacation to the
beach. We (look) _____ forward to it for months. When we (arrive) _____ at
the seaside, the sun (shine) _____ brightly, and the waves (crash) _____
against the shore.
Last summer, my family and I decided to go on a vacation to the beach. We
had been looking forward to it for months. When we arrived at the seaside,
the sun was shining brightly, and the waves were crashing against the shore.
During our vacation, we (do) _____ a lot of exciting activities. We (swim)
_____ in the ocean every day and (build) _____ sandcastles on the beach.
One evening, we (enjoy) _____ a beautiful sunset while seagulls (fly) _____
overhead.
During our vacation, we did a lot of exciting activities. We swam in the ocean
every day and built sandcastles on the beach. One evening, we enjoyed a
beautiful sunset while seagulls flew overhead.
One day, we (decide) _____ to try surfing. It (be) _____ challenging at first,
but with practice, we (get) _____ better. By the end of the week, we (ride)
_____ the waves with confidence.
One day, we decided to try surfing. It was challenging at first, but with
practice, we got better. By the end of the week, we were riding the waves
with confidence.
We also (take) _____ long walks along the coast and (collect) _____ seashells
as souvenirs. In the evenings, we (sit) _____ around a campfire and (tell)
_____ each other stories.
We also took long walks along the coast and collected seashells as souvenirs.
In the evenings, we sat around a campfire and told each other stories.
Sadly, the vacation (come) _____ to an end, and we (feel) _____ a mix of
emotions. We (create) _____ so many wonderful memories during our trip.
As we (leave) _____ the beach, we (know) _____ that we (return) _____
again someday.
Sadly, the vacation came to an end, and we felt a mix of emotions. We had
created so many wonderful memories during our trip. As we left the beach,
we knew that we would return again someday.
ANSWERS
PHRASAL VERBS
Turn up: to arrive or appear unexpectedly.
Example: She turned up at the party last night.
Break down: to stop working or functioning properly.
Example: My car broke down on the way to work.
Give up: to quit or surrender; to stop trying.
Example: Don't give up on your dreams.
Look after: to take care of someone or something.
Example: I need to look after my younger sister this evening.
Run out of: to deplete the supply of something; to have none left.
Example: We ran out of milk, so I need to go to the store.
Bring up: to raise a topic or subject in conversation.
Example: He brought up the idea of a new project during the meeting.
Take off: to remove something (such as clothing); also, used for airplanes
when they become airborne.
Example 1: I need to take off my jacket; it's warm in here.
Example 2: The plane took off on time.
Get along with: to have a friendly relationship with someone.
Example: I get along well with my coworkers.
Put off: to postpone or delay something.
Example: We had to put off the meeting until next week.
Come across: to find or encounter something unexpectedly.
Example: While cleaning the attic, I came across some old photos.
Look up: to search for information in a reference source.
Example: If you don't know the meaning of a word, you can look it up in the
dictionary.
Bring down: to cause to fall or lower; to reduce.
Example: The new policies brought down the company's profits.
Turn down: to reject or decline an offer, request, or invitation.
Example: She turned down the job offer because it required too much travel.
Set up: to arrange or establish something.
Example: We need to set up a meeting to discuss the project.
Give in: to surrender or yield to something.
Example: After a long argument, he finally gave in to her request.
Fill in the blanks with a suitable word
1. Each flat is provided …………..its own garage.
2. It is only by making sound investment that one can adequately
provide……..the future.
3. Nobody can quarrel ………..the idea that convicted criminals should be
kept out of politics.
4. Though the Mehta’s quarrel ……..themselves they are united against
attacks from outsiders.
5. The children put …….. a series of delightful family anecdotes to make
an entertaining play.
6. Srila loves to put ………an accent in the presence of strangers.
7. I think I’ll go ………..a diet as I have gained weight recently.
8. Going ……………….present indication we will have a cold winter.
9. It was found that the cause ……………..the plane crash was a defective
radar.
10 After the crash the Chairman of the airline assured passengers booked
on other flights that there was no cause…..alarm.
ANSWERS
1. Each flat is provided with its own garage.
2. It is only by making sound investments that one can adequately
provide for the future.
3. Nobody can quarrel with the idea that convicted criminals should be
kept out of politics.
4. Though the Mehta’s quarrel among themselves, they are united
against attacks from outsiders.
5. The children put on a series of delightful family anecdotes to make an
entertaining play.
6. Srila loves to put on an accent in the presence of strangers.
7. I think I’ll go on a diet as I have gained weight recently.
8. Going by present indications, we will have a cold winter.
9. It was found that the cause of the plane crash was a defective radar.
10.After the crash, the Chairman of the airline assured passengers
booked on other flights that there was no cause for alarm.
FILL IN EACH BLANK WITH THE APPROPRIATE FORM OF THE WORD, GIVEN
IN THE BRACKETS.
1. My teacher never ………………….(give) me a chance to speak.
2. His voice gradually …………………….(sink) to a whisper.
3. My family and I ………………(suffer) a great deal lately.
4. I would not tell her about the matter if I ……………..(be) you.
5. I ………….(know) him since we were at school together.
6. She swam across the river as fast as she…………(can).
7. By this time next year, you ……………. (forget) all your present troubles.
8. I ……………..(start) my homework before he came.
9. I…………….(stand) in the rain and waited for the bus.
10.They ………..(beat) us in football for the last five years.
ANSWERS.
1. My teacher never gives me a chance to speak.
The sentence is in the present tense, so we use the base form of
the verb "give" after "never."
2. His voice gradually sank to a whisper.
The sentence is describing a past action ("sank"), so the past
tense form is used.
3. My family and I have suffered a great deal lately.
The sentence uses the present perfect tense to indicate an
action that started in the past and is relevant to the present.
4. I would not tell her about the matter if I were you.
This is a conditional sentence, and in the second conditional,
"were" is used for all subjects, regardless of whether they are
singular or plural.
5. I have known him since we were at school together.
The present perfect tense is used to express an action that
started in the past and continues into the present.
6. She swam across the river as fast as she could.
"Could" is used here to indicate ability or capacity in the past.
7. By this time next year, you will have forgotten all your present
troubles.
The future perfect tense is used to express an action that will be
completed by a certain point in the future.
8. I had started my homework before he came.
Past perfect tense is used to indicate an action completed
before another action in the past.
9. I stood in the rain and waited for the bus.
Simple past tense is used to describe a completed action in the
past.
10.They have beaten us in football for the last five years.
Present perfect tense is used to describe an action that started in the
past and is still relevant to the present.
COMPREHENSION 2019
Read the passage given below and answer the questions (a), (b) and (c) that
follow :
(1) At the Literary Society’s meeting, Isola read out the letters written to her
Granny Pheen, when she was but a little girl. They were from a very kind
man — a complete stranger. Isola told us how these letters came to be
written.
(2) When Granny Pheen was nine years old, her cat died. Heartbroken,
sitting in the middle of the road, she was sobbing her heart out.
(3) A carriage, driving far too fast, came within a whisker of running her
down. A very big man in a dark coat with a fur collar, jumped out. leaned
over Pheen and asked if he could help her. Granny Pheen said she was
beyond help. Muffin, her cat, was dead.
(4) The man said, ‘Of course, Muffin’s not dead. You do know cats have nine
lives, don’t you?’ When Pheen said yes, the man said, ‘Well, I happen to
know your Muffin was only on her third life, so she has six lives left.’ Pheen
asked how he knew. He said he always knew — cats would often appear in
his mind and chat with him. Well, not in words, of course, but in pictures.
(5) He sat down on the road beside her and told her to keep still — very still.
He would see if Muffin wanted to visit him. They sat in silence for several
minutes, when suddenly the man grabbed Pheen’s hand.
(6) ‘Ah—yes! There she is ! She’s being born this minute! In a mansion — in
France. There’s a little boy petting her, he’s going to call her Solange. This
Solange has great spirit, great verve — I can tell already ! She is going to
have a long, venturesome life’.
(7) Granny Pheen was so rapt by Muffin’s new fate that she stopped crying.
The man said he would visit Solange every so often and find out how she
was faring.
(8) He asked for Granny Pheen’s name and the name of the farm where she
lived, got back into the carriage, and left.
(9) Absurd as all this sounds. Granny Pheen did receive eight long letters,
Isola then read them out. They were all about Muffin’s life as the French cat
— Solange. She was, apparently, something of a feline musketeer. She was
no idle cat, lolling about on cushions, lapping up cream — she lived through
one wild adventure after another — the only cat ever to be awarded the red
rosette of the Legion of Honour.
(10) What a story this man had made up for Pheen — lively, witty, full of
drama and suspense. We were enchanted, speechless at the reading. When
it was over (and much applauded), I asked Isola if I could see the letters, and
she handed them to me.
The writer had signed his letters with a grand flourish .
Very Truly Yours,
O.F.O’F. W.W.
It was highly possible that Isola had inherited eight letters written by Oscar
Wilde, for who else could have had such a preposterous name as Oscar
Fingal O’Flahertie Willis wilde.
Adapted from The Guernsey Literary & Potato Peel Pie Society —
By Mary Ann Shaffer & Annie Barrows
(a) (i) Given below are four words and phrases. Find the words which have a
similar meaning in the passage : (4)
(1) adventurous
(2) cat-like
(3) appreciated
(4) received something on someone’s death
(ii) For each of the words given below, write a sentence of at least ten words
using the same word unchanged in form, but with a different meaning from
that which it carries in the passage : (4)
(1) kind (line 2)
(2) mind (line 13)
(3) still (line 15)
(4) sounds (line 26)
(b) Answer the following questions in your own words as briefly as possible :
(i) Where did Isola get the letters from to read at the Literary Society’s
meeting? [2]
(ii) Who consoled Granny Pheen when she was heart-broken? What did he
say about Muffin’s lives? [2]
(iii) What did the man say when Granny Pheen asked him how he knew
about cats’ lives? [2]
(iv) According to the man, what was Muffin’s new fate ? [3]
(c) In not more than 100 words, summarise why the eight letters were a
treasure to Granny Pheen. (Paragraphs 2 to 10). Failure to keep within the
world limit will be penalised. You will be required to write the summary in
the form of a connected passage in about 100 words. [8]
Answers:
(i)
(1) venturesome
(2) feline
(3) applauded
(4) inherited
(ii) (1) Kind : I am not that kind of girl who can be easily flattered.
(2) mind : Would you mind my smoking in your room for a while?
(3) still: I am sorry but there is still more bad new s for y ou.
(4) sounds : Try to be familiar with different sounds and smells of the forest.
(b) (i) Isola got the letters from her Granny written to her by a stranger (in
reality; Oscer Wilde) when she was but a small girl.
(ii) The stranger consoled Granny Pheen when she was heart-broken. He said
that Muffin was not really dead, as a cat had nine lives, he added, she was
on her third life.
(iii) he told Granny Pheen that he knew about cat’s lives as cats would often
appear in his mind and chat with him.
(iv) According to the man, Muffin was being bom that minute in a mansion in
France.
(c) Summary
When Granny Pheen was nine, her cat died. She was heart-broken. A man
came and consoled her saying that her cat was not really dead. As a cat had
nine lives, her cat was on her third life. She was actually being bom in
amansion in France. The man said that he knew aboutit as cats often
appeared in his mind and chat with him. GrannyPheen stopped crying. The
man went away and wrote her long letters aboutthe new life of her cat,,
named Solange. Solange had been honored for her various adventures.
These letters were read by her niece Isola at the Literary Society’s meeting.
2018
Question 4.
Read the passage given below and answer the questions (a), (b) and (c) that
follow:
(1) I could hear the squeaking that heralded the evening arrival of the hats. I
listened to the noises of the approaching night. Every day my hearing grew
sharper. I was learning to filter out whatever I did not need to listen to, and
giving no sign that I could hear everything that went on in the house.
(2) I could not sleep. The air was heavy and still, the moon hidden behind
thick 5 hanks of cloud. Lord Otori was sound asleep. I did not want to leave
the house I’d come to love so much, but I seemed to be bringing nothing but
trouble to it. Perhaps it would be better for everyone if I just vanished in the
night.
(3) Now I heard the hiss of hot water as the bath was prepared, the clatter of
10 dishes from the kitchen, the sliding sigh of the cook’s knife, a dog barking
two streets away, and the sounds of feet on the wooden bridges on the
canals. I knew the sounds of the house, day and night, in sunshine and under
the rain.
This evening I realized I was always listening for something more. I was
waiting too. For what? 15
(4) I began to wonder if I could get out of the house without setting the dogs
barking and arousing the guards. I started consciously listening for the dogs.
Usually I heard them bark on and off throughout the night, but I’d learned to
distinguish their barks and to ignore them. I set my ears for them but heard
nothing. Then I started listening for the guards: the sound of a foot on stone
or a whispered conversation. Nothing. Sounds that should have been there
were missing from the night’s familiar web.
(5) Now I was wide-awake, straining my ears to hear. There came the
slightest of sounds, hardly more than a tremor, between the window and
the ground.
(6) For a moment I thought it was the earth-shaking, as it so often did.
Another tiny tremble followed, then another. Someone was climbing up the
side of the house.
(7) My first instinct was to yell out, but cunning took over. I rose from the
mattress and crept silently to Lord Otrori’s side. I knelt beside him and
whispered in his ear, “Lord Otori, someone is outside.”
(8) He woke instantly, and then reached for the sword and knife that lay
beside him. I gestured to the window. The faint tremor came again.
(9) Lord Otori passed the knife to me and stepped to the wall. I moved to the
other side of the window. We waited for the assassin to climb in.
(10) Step by step he came up the wall, stealthy and unhurried, as if he had all
the time in the world. We waited for him with the same patience.
(11) He paused on the still to take out the knife he planned to use on us, and
then stepped inside. Lord Otori took him in a stranglehold. The intruder
wriggled backwards. I leaped at him, and the three of us fell into the garden
like a flurry of fighting cats.
(12) The man fell first, across the stream, striking his head on a boulder. Lord
Otori landed on his feet. My fall was broken by one of the shrubs. The
intruder groaned, tried to rise, but slipped hack into the water.
(13) “Get a light,” Lord Otori said.
(14) I ran to the house, took a light that still burned in one of the candle
stands and carried it back to the garden.
(15) The assassin had died without regaining consciousness. It turned out he
had a poison pellet in his mouth and had crushed it as he fell. He was
dressed in black, with no marking on his clothes. I held the light over him.
There was nothing to tell us who he was.
Adapted from Tales of the Otori by Lian Hearn
(a) (i) Given below are four words and phrases. Find the words which have a
similar meaning in the passage : (4)
(1) Coming near
(2) Disappeared suddenly
(3) Awakening from sleep
(4) Moved slowly and gradually
(ii) For each of the words given below, write a sentence of at least ten words
using the same word unchanged in form, but with a different meaning from
that which it carries in the passage : (4)
(1) Bats (line 1)
(2) Sign (line 4)
(3) Banks (line 6)
(4) Back (line 43)
(b) Answer the following questions in our own words as briefly as possible:
(i) What could the narrator hear as he was hing down? [3]
(ii) Why couldn’t the narrator sleep? [2]
(iiI) When did he realise that there was something rong? [2]
(iv) How did the narrator and Lord Otori overpower the intruder? [3]
(c) Describe the incident of the assassination attempt that took place during
the night, in not more than 100 words (Paragraphs 4 to 15) Failure to keep
within the word limit will be penalised. You will be required to:
(i) List your ideas clearly in point form. (6)
(ii) In about 100 words, write your points in the form of a connected passage
(6)
Answers:
(a) (i)
(1) approaching
(2) vanished
(3) woke is and
(4) stealthy
(ii) (1) Bats : All the players were given new Bats.
(2) Headache may be a sign of stress.
(3) Banks : There are many private banks in our country.
(4) Back: M’ back has been aching since last night.
(b) (i) As the narrator was lying down he heard the loud cry of the bats.
(ii) The narrator could not speak because there was disturbance of the
barking of the dogs and the sound of footsteps.
(ii) The narrator felt that there as something wrong. The earth seemed to be
shaking someone was climbing up the side of the house.
(iv) Someone was trying to enter the house secretly. The narrator and Lord
Otori took note of the intruder. They planned to capturing. Both of (hein
attacked the assassin and overpowered the stranger.
(c (i)
hearing of the strange movement at night.
the narrator felt (hat something was wrong.
noticed the movement outside.
the narrator and Lord Otori jointly attacked the intruder
they overpowered him and pushed hini into the water
The assassin slipped back lillo the water and died.
(ii) The narrator could not sleep at night. He heard strange sounds that kept
him awake. At finie, he felt that the earth was shaking. He noticed an
intruder outside. He was the assassin. The narrator and Lord Oton planned
to overpower him. They attacked and pushed him into the water. The
assassin was drowned. Later on (hey discovered that the man had a poison
pellet in his mouth and had crushed it as he fell. He died there and then.
2017
Question 4.
Read the passage given below and answer the questions (a), (b) and (c) that
follow:
(1) My father and I left the hall and made our way out to walk across to
headquarters. There were street lights round the square, but underfoot the
cobblestoned ground was dark and lumpy. My father tripped on the uneven
surface and went down on one knee, trying not to fall entirely.
(2) At exactly the same moment there was a loud bang and a sharp ringing
sound and a screech of glass breaking.
(3) I bent over my father and saw that his eyes were stretched wide and his
mouth grim with pain.
(4) ‘’Run/’ he said. ‘Run for cover. For God’s sake Ben! That was a gunshot!”
(5) We were halfway across the square, easy immobile targets. He struggled
to get to his feet and told me again to run: and for once I disobeyed him.
(6) ‘’Stay down,” I told him.
(7) “You don’t understand…” His voice was anguished.
(8) “Are you bleeding?”
(9) “What? I don’t think so. I twisted my ankle.” 25
(10) People ran out of the hotel, drawn by the bang that re-echoed around
the square. There was confusion and people saying, “What happened, what
happened?” and hands stretching down to my father to help him up. When
he was well surrounded he finally took my arm. Putting his left foot down
caused him much discomfort. 20
(11) “That noise… .” a woman said.
(12) Heads nodded. “It sounded like… Was it… a gun?”
(13) “But where? There’s no one here with a gun.”
(14) Everyone looked round, but it was far too late to see the rifle, let alone
the person shooting. My father put his arm round my shoulders for support,
and indicated that we should set off.
(15) We walked in a procession to the headquarters and my father called the
police.
(16) I went to the open door, looking across the square to the hotel.
(17) I remembered the zing of the bullet. If the bullet had been aimed at my
father, and if he’d stumbled at the exact second that the trigger was
squeezed, and if 30 the bullet had smashed some glass so that I heard the
tinkle, then why was every pane of the window in the headquarters intact?
(18) I told myself that the whole thing had been a coincidence and turned to
go back inside, and saw for an instant a flash of light on broken glass down
on the ground. 35
(19) It was a window of the shop next door that had been hit.
(20) Zing. Ricochet. Smash. The straight line could have been deflected by
the curve of a cobblestone.
(21) The police arrived at headquarters, and it was nearly two o’clock when I
finally closed and bolted the doors and switched off the lights. 40
(22) My father moved him self into one of the single beds in the bedroom. I
lay on the second, not at all sleepy.
(23) My father said, “Ben, why didn’t you run?
(24) I answered. “I didn’t want you to get shot.”
(25) “So you stood in the way…” 45
(26) After a while, I said, “I’d say it was a .22 rifle with a high-velocity bullet.
Hitting you in the body, it quite likely won’t kill you. You need to hit the head
or the neck to be lethal. All I did was shield your head.”
(27) There was a silence. Then he said, “I’d forgotten you could shoot.”
(28) “I was in the school team. We were taught by one of the country’s best
50 marksmen.” I smiled in the dark. “You paid for it, you know.”
Adapted from Penalty by Dick Francis
(a) (i) Given below are four words and phrases. Find the words which have a
similar meaning in the passage: (4)
(1) unmoving
(2) full of severe pain and agony
(3) complete, not damaged
(4) protect
(ii) For each of the words given below, write a sentence of at least ten words
using the same word unchanged in form, but with a different meaning from
that which it carries in the passage: (4)
(1) feet (line 11)
(2) square (line 16)
(3) ‘ second (line 29)
(4) head (line 45)
(b) Answer the following questions in your own words as briefly as possible:
(i) What two things happened simultaneously when Ben and his father were
walking to the headquarters? [2]
(ii) What did Ben see when he looked at his father on the ground? [2]
(iii) Why did Ben’s father tell him to run and why did Ben disobey him? [2]
(iv) What was Ben’s logical answer to his father explaining why he did not
obey him? [4]
(c) Describe the incident of the shooting in not more than 100 words
(Paragraphs 1 to 10). Failure to keep within the word limit will be penalised.
You will be required to:
(i) List your ideas clearly in point form. (6)
(ii) In about 100 words, write your points in the form of a connected
passage. (6)
Answer:
(a) (i)
(1) immobile
(2) anguished
(3) intact
(4) shield
(ii) (1) He gave me a three feet Long stick to walk.
(2) He has a firm square jaw shining eyes and a pointed nose.
(3) They have a second home in Mumbai where they go during holidays.
(4) it is duty of the head of the organization to listen to the grievances of
workers.
(b) (i) Ben’s father tripped on the uneven surface and at the same time there
was a loud bang and a sharp sound.
(ii) Ben saw’ that his father’s eyes were stretched wide and his mouth was
grim with pain.
(iii) Hearing the sound of gun shot. Ben’s father asked him to run. Ben
disobeyed his father because he did not want to leave him in danger.
(iv) When Ben’s father asked him why he had not run, Ben replied that he
didn’t want him to get shot.
c. (i)
Ben and his father – walking towards headquarters.
The ground uneven, dark and lumpy.
His father tripped on uneven path.
Loud bang and sound of glass breaking.
sound of gunshot.
and when asked again, Ben did not run.
His father told him, he had a twisted ankle.
People out of the hotel, great confusion.
Ben helped his father in getting up.
Father took courage and put his foot down.
(ii) At night Ben and his father were walking towards headquarters. The
ground was dark, lumpy and uneven. His father tripped on the uneven path.
At the same time there was a loud bang and the sound of glass breaking was
heard. His father asked Ben to run as it was sound of gunshot. Ben did not
run. His father who had a twisted ankle tried to get to his feet. Ben tried to
help him. People came out of the hotel. There was total confusion. When
Ben’s father was well-surrounded by people, taking Ben’s arm, he put his
foot down.
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