SUBJECT - CHEMISTRY PAPER 1 (THEORY) Class- 12 Date- 07.01.25 Time allowed: Three hours Maximum Marks: 70 _______________________________________________________________________________________ (Candidates are allowed additional 15 minutes for only reading the paper. They must NOT start writing during this time). _______________________________________________________________________________________ This paper is divided into four sections – A, B, C and D. Answer all questions. Section – A consists of one question having sub-parts of one mark each. Section – B consists of ten questions of two marks each. Section – C consists of seven questions of three marks each, and Section – D consists of three questions of five marks each. Internal choices have been provided in one question each in Section B, Section C and Section D. All working, including rough work, should be done on the same sheet as, and adjacent to the rest of the answer. The intended marks for questions or parts of questions are given in brackets [ ]. Balanced equations must be given wherever possible and diagrams where they are helpful. When solving numerical problems, all essential working must be shown. In working out problems, use the following data: Gas constant R = 1987 cal deg-1 mol-1 = 8314 JK-1 mol-1 = 00821 dm3 atm K-1mol-1 1 l atm = 1 dm3 atm = 1013 J. 1 Faraday = 96500 coulombs. Avogadro’s number = 6023 1023. _______________________________________________________________________________________ SECTION A – 14 MARKS Question 1 (A) Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate word(s) from those given in the brackets: [4×1]
[potential, chemical, kinetic, electrical, greater than, smaller than, equal, mole fraction, molality, benzoin, formyl amine, urotropine, cancer, urinary infections, 3, 6, (III), (II), (I)] (i) A galvanic cell converts ____________ energy into ____________ energy. (ii) Relative lowering of vapour pressure is ____________ to the ____________ of the solute in dilute solutions. (iii) Formaldehyde reacts with ammonia to form ____________, which is used as a medicine to treat ____________. (iv) In the complex ion [Co (en)3]3+, the coordination number and the oxidation number of the central metal ion are ____________ and ____________.
Page 1 of 8 (B) Select and write the correct alternative from the choices given below: [7×1] (i) Out of the following compounds, which is the most basic in aqueous solution?
(a) CH3NH2 (b) (CH3)2NH (c) (CH3)3N (d) C6H5NH2
(ii) The one that will exhibit optical activity is:
(iii) In the following reaction, the major product is
(iv) In basic medium, alanine exists as
(v) IUPAC name of K3[Fe(C2O4)3] is
(a) potassium trioxalatoferrate(III)
(b) potassium tris(oxalato)ferrate (III) (c) potassium trioxalato iron (III) (d) potassium tris(oxalato) iron (III)
(vi) Assertion: Nucleophilic substitution reaction on an optically active alkyl halide gives a mixture of enantiomers. Reason: The reaction occurs by SN1 mechanism. (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion. (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion. (c) Assertion is true but Reason is false. (d) Assertion is false but Reason is true. Page 2 of 8 (vii) Assertion: The pairs of elements: Zr-Hf, Nb-Ta, Mo-W, etc., possess almost the same size. Reason: As a result of lanthanoid contraction, the elements of second and third transition series resemble each other much more than the elements of first and second transition series.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion. (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion. (c) Assertion is true but Reason is false. (d) Assertion is false but Reason is true. (C) Read the passage given below carefully and answer the questions that follow. [3×1] Consider the general first order reaction, R → Products Let [R] is the concentration of the reactant R and k is the rate constant for the first order reaction. For the first order reaction, the rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant R. Thus,
Eqn. given below is integrated rate expression for the first order reaction.
(i) What is the unit of rate constant for a first order reaction? (ii) 50% of a first order reaction is complete in 23 minutes. Calculate the time required to complete 90% of the reaction? (iii) For a first order reaction the concentration of R changes from 0.1 M to 0.025 M in 40 minutes. What will be the rate of reaction when the concentration of R is 0.01 M?
SECTION B – 20 MARKS Question 2 [2] The molar conductances of NaOH, NaCl and BaCl2 at infinite dilution are 2.481 × 10–2, 1.265 × 10–2 and 2.800 × 10–2 S m2 mol–1 respectively. Calculate Λ°m for Ba(OH)2. Question 3 [2] An organic compound ‘A’ with molecular formula C8H8O gives positive DNP and iodoform tests. It does not reduce Tollens’ or Fehling’s reagent and does not decolourise bromine water also. On oxidation with chromic acid (H2CrO4), it gives a carboxylic acid (B) with molecular formula C7H6O2. Deduce the structures of A and B. Question 4 [2] How will you carry out the following conversions in not more than two steps? (i) Iso-propyl alcohol to Ethyne. (ii) Nitrobenzene to phenyl isocyanide.
Page 3 of 8 Question 5 [2] The decomposition of A into product has value of k as 4.5 × 103 s–1 at 10°C and energy of activation is 60 kJ mol–1. At what temperature would k be 1.5 × 104 s–1? Question 6 [2] Give reasons: (i) Acetylation of aniline reduces its activation effect. (ii) Although —NH2 is o/p directing group, yet aniline on nitration gives a significant amount of m- nitroaniline.
Question 7 [2] During chemistry class, a teacher wrote [Fe(CN)6]4- as a coordination complex ion on the board. The students were asked to find out the magnetic behaviour and shape of the complex. Nikhil, a student, wrote the answer paramagnetic and square planer whereas another student Arohi wrote diamagnetic and octahedral. Evaluate Nikhil’s and Arohi’s responses. Question 8 [2] An organic compound ‘A’ having molecular formula C4H10O, is optically active. On mild oxidation, it gives a compound ‘B’ but on vigorous oxidation gives another compound ‘C’. C along with D is also formed from B by reaction with iodine and alkali. Deduce the structures of A, B, C, D. Question 9 [2] (i) Identify the compounds [A], [B], [C] and [D]
OR (ii) An organic compound (A) with molecular formula C8H8O forms an orange red precipitate with 2, 4- DNP reagent and gives yellow precipitate on heating with I2 and NaOH. It neither reduces Tollens’ reagent nor Fehling’s reagent, nor does it decolourise bromine water or Baeyer’s reagent. On drastic oxidation with chromic acid, it gives a carboxylic acid (B) having molecular formula C7H6O2.
(a) Identify the compounds (A) and (B).
(b) Explain the reactions involved.
Page 4 of 8 Question 10 [2] One half-cell in a voltaic cell is constructed from a silver wire dipped in silver nitrate solution of unknown concentration. The other half-cell consists of a zinc electrode in a 0.10 M solution of Zn(NO3)2. A voltage of 1.48 V is measured for this cell. Use this information to calculate the concentration of silver ions in the solution. o o [Given: E(Zn2+/ Zn) = – 0.763 V and E(Ag+/ Ag) = + 0.80 V]
Question 11 [2] Give chemical tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds: (i) Pentan-2-ol and Pentan-3-ol (ii) Benzoic acid and Phenol.
SECTION C – 21 MARKS Question 12 [3] Identify the compounds [A], [B], [C], [D], [E] and [F].
Question 13 [3] (i) Why a person suffering from high blood pressure is advised to take minimum quantity of common salt? (ii) What happens when we place the blood cell in water (hypotonic solution)? Give reason. (iii) What type of deviation is shown by a mixture of A and B? What type of azeotrope is formed by mixing A and B?
Question 14 [3] Write the chemical equation to illustrate each of the following name reactions: (i) Rosenmund’s reduction (ii) Cannizzaro reaction (iii) Wolff–Kishner reduction Page 5 of 8 Question 15 [3] A metal ion Mn+ having d4 valence electronic configuration combines with three bidentate ligands to form a complex compound. Assuming ∆0 > P: (i) Explain orbital splitting during this complex formation. (ii) Write the electronic configuration of the valence electrons of the metal Mn+ ion in terms of t2g and eg. (iii) What type of hybridisation will Mn+ ion have? Question 16 [3] (i) Ayush has set-up the following galvanic cell by taking the electrolyte solution of Pb(NO3)2 and CrCl3.
Eo (Pb2+/Pb) = – 0.13 V Eo (Cr3+/Cr) = – 0.74 V (a) How will you design the feasible cell by taking appropriate salt solution in place of solution A and B? (b) What is the applicability of the above cell? (c) Consider, salt bridge is filled with Potassium Chloride (KCl) solution. How does salt bridge maintain electrical neutrality? OR (ii) Answer the following: (a) What would happen if no salt bridge were used in an electrochemical cell (like Zn–Cu cell)? (b) How much charge is required for the reduction of 1 mol of Zn2+ to Zn? (c) Can Eocell or ∆rGo for cell reaction ever be equal to zero?
Question 17 [3] (i) What type of linkage is present in the following diagram?
(ii) Write the name and structure of the product formed on reaction of D-glucose with Br2 water. (iii) Why Vitamin C cannot be stored in our body? Page 6 of 8 Question 18 [3] The data given below is for the reaction, 2N2O5 (g) → 4NO2 (g) + O2 (g) at 298 K:
Determine for this reaction:
(i) order of reaction. (ii) rate constant. (iii) rate law.
SECTION D – 15 MARKS Question 19 [5] (i) Identify the compounds [A] and [B]
(ii) Give reason: Phenol is more acidic than ethanol.
(iii) How would you obtain:
from
(iv) Give equations of the reaction: Bromine in CS2 with phenol.
Question 20 [5] (i) Give a reason for each of the following. (a) Transition metals form complexes. (b) Cr2+ is reducing but Mn3+ is oxidising when both have d4 configuration. (c) Cu+ ion is not stable in aqueous solution.
(ii) Complete and balance the following reactions.
Page 7 of 8 Question 21 [5] (i) (a) A decimolar solution of potassium ferrocyanide K4[Fe(CN)6] is 50% dissociated at 300 K. Calculate the value of van’t Hoff factor for potassium ferrocyanide.
(b) Some ethylene glycol, HOCH2CH2OH, is added to your car’s cooling system along with 5 kg of water. If the freezing point of water-glycol solution is –15.0°C, what is the boiling point of the solution? (Kb = 0.52 K kg mol–1 and Kf = 1.86 K kg mol–1 for water)
OR (ii) (a) The graphical representation of vapour pressure vs temperature is given alongside. By graphic inspection, answer the following questions:
(1) Name the colligative property shown in the graph.
(2) An aqueous solution of sodium chloride freezes below 273 K. Explain.
(b) A solution prepared by dissolving 8.95 mg of a gene fragment in 35.0 mL of water has an osmotic pressure of 0.335 torr at 25°C. Assuming the gene fragment is a non-electrolyte, determine its molar mass. [1 atm = 760 torr]
