LUONG THE VINH HIGH SCHOOL
SCHOOL YEAR: 2024 – 2025
GRADE 10 – UNIT 2: HUMANS & THE ENVIRONMENT
+ Grammar: The future with “will” and “be going to”
Passive voice
+ Vocabulary: Words and phrases related to human activities and the environment.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in
pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. youth B. together C. thunder D. thousand
2. A. public B. rubbish C. union D. product
3. A. pollute B. struggle C. club D. discuss
4. A. ceremony B. event C. protect D. reduce
5. A. tough B. ghost C. laugh D. cough
6. A. achieve B. chemical C. architect D. character
7. A. collected B. finished C. provided D. attracted
8. A. dangerous B. damage C. playground D. energy
9. A. decision B. resource C. separate D. waste
10. A. reduce B. appliance C. celebrate D. electrical
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the
primary stress in each of the following questions.
11. A. issue B. welcome C. damage D. increase
12. A. improve B. healthy C. lifestyle D. plastic
13. A. ceremony B. dangerous C. environment D. temperature
14. A. activity B. interesting C. eco-friendly D. carefully
15. A. organize B. awareness C. protection D. organic
16. A. memory B. effective C. oxygen D. chemical
17. A. future B. carbon C. practice D. machine
18. A. public B. harmful C. adopt D. rubbish
19. A. item B. device C. compete D. sustain
20. A. sustainable B. material C. reusable D. situation
Fill in the gap with a suitable word given in the box.
encourage recycle reduce activities issues
transport improve eco-friendly energy safe
21. There are many things you can do to become an ………………….person.
22. The two countries discussed important environmental …………………. at the meeting last week.
23. The aim of the program is to improve the environment and …………………. people to adopt a greener
lifestyle.
24. We shouldn’t throw away used household items. Instead, we can sort and …………………. them.
25. Turning off all electrical appliances when going out is an easy way to save …………………..
26. Which of the following ………………….do you think teenagers should do to live green?
27. This small action can keep the environment clean and make it ………………….for everyone.
28. There are some ways the children can do to …………………. the environment in their school.
29. Instead of using private vehicles such as cars or motorbikes, people should use public
…………………., walk or cycle as much as possible.
30. These simple …………………. can help reduce carbon footprint and the impact on the environment.
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Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
31. Listen! There’s someone at the door. I ____ the door for you.
A. am going to open B. am opening C. open D. will open
32. “Look at those dark clouds!” - “Yes, it ____ in some minutes.”
A. will rain B. is going to rain C. are going to rain D. is raining
33. It’s very hot. ____ the window, please?
A. Are you opening B. Are you going to open C. Will you open D. Won’t you open
34. Wait! I ____ you to the station.
A. am driving B. drive C. is going to drive D. will drive
35. I ____ my sister in April as planned.
A. have seen B. will see C. am going to see D. see
36. Perhaps I ____ New York one day.
A. am visiting B. am going to visit C. visit D. will visit
37. I ____ my parents at the weekend. I already bought a train ticket.
A. visit B. am going to visit C. visited D. will visit
38. It ____ that half of your plate should consist of vegetables and fruit.
A. is suggested B. is suggesting C. suggesting D. suggests
39. Foods ____ into energy in the digestive system.
A. are broke down and converted B. are broken down and converted
C. break down and convert D. broken down and converted
40. Stephen William Hawking ____ on 8 January, 1942 in Oxford, England.
A. born B. has born C. is born D. was born
41. ____ by your father?
A. Did that book write B. Did that book written C. Was that book writing D. Was that book written
42. It is said that she has met her mother several times.
A. People said that her mother has met several times.
B. She is said to have met her mother several times.
C. It is said that her mother has been met several times.
D. She is said that her mother has been met several times.
43. Dinosaurs are believed _____ many years ago.
A. die out B. to have died out C. to die out D. having died out
44. The injured ____ to the hospital in an ambulance.
A. have taken B. was taking C. were taken D. were taking
45. The old school ____ before the first semester.
A. needs restored B. needs restoring C. needs to restore D. needs to restoring
46. Lan had her car serviced yesterday.
A. Lan had to service her car yesterday. C. Lan had somebody to service her car yesterday.
B. Lan had serviced her car yesterday. D. Somebody serviced Lan’s car yesterday.
47. Solar energy can be changed _____ electricity.
A. in B. to C. into D. for
48. Oil, coal and natural gas are _____ fuels made from decayed material from animals or plants.
A. unleaded B. smokeless C. solid D. fossil
49. The government has spent £1 million advertising _____ to encourage energy conservation.
A. campaign B. promotion C. operation D. enterprise
50. Many newer cars have a much lower fuel _____.
A. consuming B. consumer C. consummation D. consumption
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51. We should develop such _____ sources of energy as solar energy and nuclear energy.
A. tradition B. alternative C. revolutionary D. natural
52. The world’s coal _____ should last longer, but these cannot be renewed once used.
A. reserves B. reservations C. stores D. storage
53. _____ energy sources include water and wind power.
A. Friendly environmental B. Environmentally friendly
C. Friendly environment D. Environmental friendly
54. The _____ of these toxic substances in the environment is potentially devastating.
A. delivery B. release C. distribution D. research
55. Increased consumption will lead to faster _____ of our natural resources.
A. exhaust B. exhausting C. exhaustion D. exhaustive
56. He has _____ extensive research into renewable energy sources.
A. carried out B. turned on C. taken over D. cared for
57. People on Earth are _____ need of more nuclear energy.
A. on B. at C. in D. for
58. The _____ to use renewable energy sources is on the increase when non-renewable ones are running
out.
A. attitude B. tender C. tendency D. intention
59. Many communities are burning _____ and other biological waste products to produce electricity.
Converting waste products to gases or oil is also an efficient disposal method.
A. garbage B. waste C. litter D. rubbish
60. Rapid _____ would cause frequent floods, leaving little water during dry seasons.
A. run-off B. run-in C. run-out D. run-over
61. These days it is impossible to open a newspaper without reading about the damage we are _____ to the
environment.
A. taking B. doing C. making D. causing
62. Opencast coal mining is among the most environmentally _____ activities carried out in Wales.
A. destruction B. destructive C. destructor D. destroy
63. Countries around the world have growing _____ of trash because people are throwing out more trash
than ever before.
A. mountains B. hills C. dumps D. dunes
64. In Africa, people’s interference in the rhino’s _____ leads to habitat loss.
A. sector B. territory C. domain D. country
65. We are advised to cut _____ on electricity usage to reduce carbon footprint.
A. up B. over C. down D. with
66. The children are _____ on how to recycle the used items in their homes.
A. instructed B. asked C. told D. said
67. Reducing the use of energy can help save money _____ household bills.
A. in B. on C. of D. with
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in
each of the following questions.
68. The rise in energy consumption has led to a reduction in fossil fuels that the world must use.
A. redundancy B. utilization C. efficiency D. suitability
69. Due to rising fuel prices, the company has decided to add a surcharge to all deliveries.
A. additional charge B. expense C. expenditure D. overcharge
70. The energy harnessed from the sun is renewable and environmentally- friendly.
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A. explored B. exploited C. capitalized D. implemented
71. People have used coal and oil to generate electricity for a long time.
A. create B. invent C. produce D. make
72. A nuclear power plant emits less radiation than a granite structure of a similar proportion.
A. gives off B. gives out C. gives in D. gives away
73. Burning fossil fuels emits harmful gases, but people still use them for heating and cooking.
A. extinguishing B. enkindling C. subduing D. incinerating
74. Photovoltaic or PV systems use a type of material that converts sunlight into electricity.
A. transferred B. transmitted C. transformed D. transited
75. Solar energy is not only plentiful and infinite but also clean and safe.
A. boundless B. unlimited C. uncountable D. inflexible
76. Many environmentalists fear that the Earth will run out of essential natural resources before the end of
the twenty-fifth century.
A. use up B. make use of C. take advantage of D. take a fancy to
77. Energy is fundamental to human beings, especially poor people - the one-third of humanity that does
not have modern energy supplies like electricity, with which their life could be improved.
A. needy B. basic C. inessential D. additional
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s)
in each of the following questions.
78. The architects have made imaginative use of glass and transparent plastic.
A. vague B. unintelligible C. opaque D. invisible
79. Hydroelectric power is produced by the fall of water trapped in a dam.
A. circumvented B. released C. ambuscaded D. ensnared
80. How long will it be before the world’s fuel supplies are exhausted?
A. abundant B. redundant C. reluctant D. definite
81. Nuclear energy can provide enough electricity for the world’s needs for hundreds of years but can be
very dangerous.
A. hazardous B. adventurous C. speculative D. secure
82. Throughout the 1900s, the use of the sun as an energy source has evolved considerably.
A. relatively B. insignificantly C. remarkably D. substantially
Use the word given in Capitals to form a word that fits in the space.
83. More activities should be organized to raise people’s awareness of………………….problems.
(ENVIRONMENT)
84. You and your sponsors need more visibility to maximize the number of ………………….to your
clean-up campaign this weekend. (ATTEND)
85. Turning off all household appliances can prevent …………………. situations such as a fire or an
explosion. (ENDANGERED)
86. Air-conditioning systems have chlorofluorocarbon that is one of the well-known environmental
…………………. (pollute)
87. When irresponsible planning and environmental degradation through exploitation of resources
generates waste and pollution that damages ecosystems, …………………. development occurs.
(SUSTAIN)
88. Many …………………. believe that the decline in mountain glaciers is one of the first observation
signs of global warming. (CLIMATE)
89. You should bring a reusable bag when you go shopping, and your own refillable bottle instead of
buying ………………….water. (BOTTLE)
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90. In the 1990’s public………………….of preserving the environment began to develop. (AWARE)
91. African and Asian elephant numbers feel dramatically in the 19th and 20th centuries, ………………….
due to the ivory trade and habitat loss. (LARGE)
92. Carbon footprint is the amount of carbon dioxide …………………. by the activities of a person or an
organization. (PRODUCT)
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the
following sentences.
93. Over the last few decades, the exploitation of our planet and degradation of our environment is going
up at an alarming rate.
94. Ozone layer depletion is believed to have had serious effects on human health and the environment
these days.
95. Norovirus is a common stomach bug. It also called the Winter Vomiting Bug because it is more
prevalent in winter.
96. If you look at the environmental around us, you can see that there are a number of issues that come to
our attention.
97. Soil contamination is majorly creating by mechanical waste that takes supplements out of the soil.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that
best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Have you heard about the great flood? Perhaps you have heard about a man named Noah, who built a
huge boat to escape the flood. In this legend of the great flood, water covered all the land, killing most of
the people and animals on Earth. Only Noah’s (98) _____ family, including his wife, three sons, and the
sons’ wives, survived the flood and all the animals on his boat. After the flood waters receded, the people
and animals on Noah’s boat set about repopulating the Earth. This legend of Noah and his family is
familiar to many people. However, it is not the only legend about a great flood. Actually, many cultures
have similar stories about a great flood that wiped (99) _____ almost everyone on Earth.
Many people today believe that the great flood is only a legend. (100) _____, other people say that
the striking similarities among all of the flood legends suggest that a real flood covered the Earth at some
point long ago. In fact, some scientists (101) _____ that the ancient flood waters are now frozen in glaciers
at the poles of the Earth. But why do the legends disagree with each other? The flood happened long before
humans could write, so the story of the flood could only be (102) _____ through generations by oral
retellings. As the story was passed by word of mouth, it may have changed as various cultures learned the
story. This may explain why some parts of the legend differ. Through careful examination of similar
elements in these legends, however, certain facts about an accident catastrophic flood may be revealed.
(Adapted from Reading Challenge 3 by Casey Malarcher and Andrea Janzen)
98. A. immediate B. extended C. nuclear D. present
99. A. down B. off C. out D. away
100. A. In addition B. Nonetheless C. On the contrary D. In contrast
101. A. speculated B. have speculated C. are speculating D. speculate
102. A. altered B. converted C. perpetuated D. bequeathed
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of
the questions.
A report from the United Nations given at the conference unveils how worrying the pollution caused
by plastic utensils, especially plastic bags, is becoming. In a single minute, the world consumes one million
plastic bottles; in a year, the world consumes five billion single-use plastic bags, according to Vietnamplus.
The scary fact is that such plastic bottles and bags are not properly treated, as each year, the world
discharges 300 million tons of plastic waste, accounting for some 10% of all solid waste, putting the
environment and human health under tenterhooks, according to the news site.
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The conference also drew attention to another fact: “For a plastic bag that can be used for five
minutes, it takes five seconds to produce, one second to discard, but 500 to 1,000 years to become totally
decomposed,” says Vietnamplus.
In another message given by the UN General Secretary and delivered at the conference, it is reported
that since more than eight million tons of plastic bags end up in the oceans each year, “microplastics in the
seas now outnumber stars in our galaxy.” “If present trends continue, by 2050 our oceans will have more
plastic than fish,” Dan Tri reports, quoting Caitlin Wiesen, country director of the UN Development
Programme in Vietnam.
These above-mentioned fearful facts, however, are not merely global issues but domestic problems as
well, according to local media. When relating data from the conference, many local news outlets point out
that white pollution - a term used to indicate the overwhelming discharge of plastic bags into the
environment - is even getting worse in Vietnam than elsewhere.
(Source: https://english.thesaigontimes.vn)
103. Which of the following could be the main idea of the passage?
A. White pollution is getting worse and worse.
B. White pollution - a new type of pollution.
C. The facts about plastic bags are scarier than what we can see.
D. The problems caused by white pollution are increasing.
104. The word “tenterhooks” in the first paragraph mostly means _____.
A. The feeling of happiness to know the good results.
B. The possibility of harm or death to someone.
C. Worry or nervousness about something that is going to happen.
D. A statement about what you think will happen in the future.
105. The following are the facts about white pollution, EXCEPT _____.
A. Five billion is the number of single-use plastic bags consumed by the world population in one year,
B. Plastic waste makes up about one-tenth of the solid waste on the Earth.
C. It is as effortless to decay plastic bags as to manufacture them.
D. Every year over eight million tons of plastic bags are littered in the oceans.
106. What does the phrase “present trends” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Microplastics in the seas now are much more than the stars in the sky.
B. Million tons of plastic bags are discharged into the oceans.
C. It takes 500 to 1,000 years to decompose the whole plastic bag.
D. There are more plastic bags in the oceans than fish.
107. What does the author imply in the last paragraph?
A. White pollution in Vietnam is almost out of control.
B. Vietnamese should solve this environmental problem themselves.
C. The state of plastic pollution in Vietnam is becoming the worst in the world.
D. To reduce pollution, every country in the world has to join hands together.
Rewrite the following sentences without changing their meaning, using the given words.
108. She used to pull my hat over my eyes.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
110. After class, one of the students always erases the chalk board.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
111. A sudden increase in water pressure may break the dam.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
112. Are the police making inquires about the thief?
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113. At this time last week, the chief engineer was instructing all the workers of the plan.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
114. The boys broke the window and took away some pictures.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
115. What books are people reading this year?
.....................................................................................................................................................................
116. It is said that Christopher Columbus discovered America.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
117. It is said that many people are homeless because of the flood.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
118. I think that the president will arrive soon.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
119. They believed the robbers got into the bank through the roof.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
120. It was expected that the strike would end after the negotiation.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
121. They found that somebody had broken one of our windows.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
122. Many people believe that the solar power plant isn’t supplying our community with enough energy.
.....................................................................................................................................................................
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences given.
123. Trees should be planted everywhere possible. Trees absorb carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.
A. Trees, which should be planted everywhere possible, absorb carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.
B. Trees should be planted everywhere possible, for they absorb carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.
C. Trees should be planted everywhere possible to be able to absorb carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.
D. Trees should be planted everywhere possible where they absorb carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas.
124. Habitat destruction is a major cause for biodiversity loss. Habitat destruction is caused by
deforestation, overpopulation, pollution and global warming.
A. Habitat destruction is a major cause for biodiversity loss which is caused by deforestation,
overpopulation, pollution and global warming.
B. Habitat destruction due to deforestation, overpopulation, pollution and global warming is a major
cause for biodiversity loss.
C. Biodiversity loss is caused by habitat destruction that also causes deforestation, overpopulation,
pollution and global warming.
D. Biodiversity loss caused by habitat destruction causes deforestation, overpopulation, pollution and
global warming.
125. To conserve fossil fuels people can choose to use hybrid cars. Some of these cars will run on
electricity combined with using small amounts of gas.
A. To conserve fossil fuels people can choose to use hybrid cars, some of which will run on electricity
combined with using small amounts of gas.
B. To conserve fossil fuels people can choose to use hybrid cars which will run on electricity
combined with using small amounts of gas.
C. To conserve fossil fuels people can choose to use hybrid cars, some will run on electricity
combined with using small amounts of gas.
D. To conserve fossil fuels people can choose to use hybrid cars, they will run on electricity combined
with using small amounts of gas.
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126. Biodiversity has its own economic importance. Protection of biodiversity is essential.
A. Biodiversity has its own economic importance, so protection of biodiversity is essential.
B. Biodiversity has its own economic importance that protection of biodiversity is essential.
C. Protection of biodiversity is so essential that biodiversity has its own economic importance.
D. Protection of biodiversity is essential to make biodiversity have its own economic importance.
127. One should understand and know the importance of recycling waste materials. One simple benefit of
recycling is it saves our resources.
A. One should understand and know the importance of recycling waste materials, that one simple
benefit of recycling is it saves our resources.
B. One should understand and know the importance of recycling waste materials, one simple benefit of
recycling is it saves our resources.
C. One should understand and know the importance of recycling waste materials, one simple benefit of
which is it saves our resources.
D. One should understand and know the importance of recycling waste materials as one simple benefit
of recycling is it saves our resources.
