Mathematics-II for Computer Science and Engineering stream/BMATS201 DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
MODULE – II
VECTOR CALCULUS
Gradient, angle between normals, directional derivatives:
1. Find or grad in the following:
a) x 3 y 3 z 3 3xy at (1,1,1) b) x3 y 3 z 3 3xy 𝑎𝑡 (1, −2, −1) [Dec 2016]
c) xy x y z x y z
2 2 3 2
d) 3x y y z at the point (1, −2, −1)
2 3 2
[Dec 2016]
2. Find the angle between the normals to the surface xy z at the points 4,1, 2 and 3,3,3 .
2
3. Find the angle between the normals to the surface 2 x 2 3 y 2 5z at the points 2,2,4 and 1,1,1 .
4. Find the angle between the surfaces x 2 y 2 z 2 4 and z x 2 y 2 13 at the point P(2,1,2) [Aug 2020]
5. Find the angle between the surfaces x y z 9 and z x y 3 at the point P(2,1, 2)
2 2 2 2 2
[Jan 2021, June 2019, 2017]
6. If x y z , find at (1,2,1) along iˆ 2 ˆj 2k
3 3 3 ˆ
7. Find the directional derivative of x 2 yz 3 at 1,1,1 in the direction of iˆ ˆj 2kˆ [Dec 2011]
8. Find the directional derivative of x 2 y 2 2z 2 at 1, 2, 3 in the direction of the line 𝑃𝑄
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 4𝑖̂ − 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂.
[Dec 2015]
3 3
9. Find the directional derivative of 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦𝑧 (2, -1, 1) in the direction of 𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 2𝑘 . ̂ [June 2017]
10. Find the directional derivative of x yz 4 z x at the point 1,2,1 along the vector 2i j 2k [Dec 2017]
2 2 ˆ ˆ ˆ
11. Find the directional derivative of 4 xz 3 3x 2 y 2 z at 2,1,2 along 2iˆ 3 ˆj 6kˆ . [Dec 2019, 2014]
xz
12. Find the directional derivative of 2 at the point (1,-1,1) in the direction of iˆ 2 ˆj kˆ [Aug 2022]
x y 2
13. Find a, b, c so that the directional derivative of axy 2 byz cz 2 x3 at 1,2,1 has a magnitude of 64 in the
direction parallel to the z-axis.
14. In which direction directional derivative of x 2 yz 3 is maximum at (2, 1, -1) and find the magnitude of this
maximum. [Jan 2021]
15. Find the directional derivative of x y z in the direction of the normal to the surface xy z 1 at 1,1,1 .
2 2 2 2 3
Divergence, Curl, Solenoidal and Irrotational Vector Fields:
16. Find divergence and curl of the vector V xyziˆ 3x 2 yˆj ( xz 2 y 2 z )kˆ at the point (2, -1, 1) [Dec 2016]
3 2
17. Find div 𝑓 and curl 𝑓 if 𝑓 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑(𝑥𝑦 𝑧 ) [Aug 2022, Dec 2018, 2017, 2016, June 2018]
18. Find div 𝑓 and curl 𝑓 if 𝑓 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑( x y z 3xyz )
3 3 3
[Dec 2019, 2017, 2012, June 2019, 2016, 2017, 2015]
19. Find div 𝑓 and curl 𝑓 if 𝑓 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑(𝑥 𝑦 + 𝑦 𝑧 + 𝑧 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑧 2 )
3 3 3
[Dec 2017]
20. If F grad ( x y y z z x x y z ) , find the div F and curl F at [1, 2, 3]
3 3 3 2 2 2
21. Find div 𝑓 and curl 𝑓 if 𝑓 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑(𝑥𝑦 3 𝑧 2 ) at (1, -1, 1) [Aug 2020]
22. Find 𝑑𝑖𝑣(𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑 ), if ∅ = 2𝑥 3 𝑦 2 𝑧 4 [Dec 2017]
23. If 𝑓 = (𝑥 + 𝑦 + 1)𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − (𝑥 + 𝑦)𝑘̂ , prove that 𝑓. 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑙𝑓 = 0 [Feb 2023, June 2018, Dec 2017, 2013]
24. Find curl (curl A ) given A xyi y 2 zj z 2 yk
Mathematics-II for Computer Science and Engineering stream/BMATS201 DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
25. Find curl curl f , if f x 2 yiˆ xzˆj 2 yzkˆ at the point 1,1,1 .
26. If f 3xyz 2 iˆ 4 x 3 yˆj xy 2 zkˆ , find f at the point 1, 2,1 .
27. Show that the vector 3 y 4 z 2iˆ 4 x 3 z 2 ˆj 6 x 2 y 3 kˆ is solenoidal.
28. If f x 2iˆ y 2 ˆj z 2 k and g yziˆ zxˆj xy k then verify whether 𝑓 × 𝑔 is solenoidal.
[June 2017, Dec 2015]
2
2 2
2 2
29. Find the constant 𝑎 such that the vector f ayx yz iˆ xy xz ˆj 2 xyz 2 x y kˆ is solenoidal.
30. Find the constant 𝑎 such that f x 3 y iˆ y 2 x ˆj x az kˆ is solenoidal. [Dec 2016]
xiˆ yˆj
31. Show that f is both solenoidal and irrotational. [Feb 2023, Dec 2016]
x2 y2
32. Show that f y 2 z 2 3 yz 2 x iˆ 3xz 2 xy ˆj 3xy 2 xz 2 z kˆ is both solenoidal and irrotational
[June 2016, Dec 2015]
33. If 𝑓 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑( x y z 3xyz ) , prove that 𝑓 is irrotational.
3 3 3
[Dec 2016]
34. If F ( x 2 y 2 x)iˆ (2 xy y) ˆj , show that 𝐹 is irrotational. [June 2015]
35. Show that the vector field f 6 xy z 3 iˆ 2 x 2 z ˆj 3xz 2 y kˆ is irrotational. Find such that f
[June 2016]
36. Show that f sin y z i x cos y z j x y k is irrotational and also find such that f .
ˆ ˆ ˆ
37. Show that the vector f 3x 2 2 yz iˆ 3 y 2 2 zx ˆj 3z 2 2 xy kˆ is irrotational. Hence find scalar potential
∅ such that 𝑓 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑∅ [Dec 2017]
38. Show that a vector field given by A x 2 xy 2 iˆ y 2 x 2 y ˆj is irrotational and find the scalar potential.
[June 2018, Dec 2016]
39. Show that f 2 x yz iˆ 4 y zx ˆj 6 z xy kˆ is irrotational. Also find the scalar potential. [Dec 2015]
40. Show that f y z iˆ z x ˆj x y kˆ is irrotational. Also find the scalar function such that 𝑓 = ∇∅.
[Jan 2021, June 2018, Dec 2017]
41. Show that f x 2 yz iˆ y 2 zx ˆj z 2 xy kˆ is irrotational. Hence find scalar potential ∅ such that
𝑓 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑∅ [Dec 2012]
42. Show that 𝑓 = (2𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑦𝑧)𝑖̂ + (2𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑧𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑧 2 )𝑗̂ + (2𝑦 2 𝑧 + 𝑥𝑦)𝑘̂ is conservative force field. Hence
find scalar potential ∅ such that 𝑓 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑∅ . [Dec 2012]
43. Find the constants 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 if the vector f x 2 ayz iˆ y 2 bzx ˆj z 2 cxy kˆ is irrotational. Hence find
scalar potential ∅ such that 𝑓 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑∅.
44. Find the constants a, b, c if the vector f x y az iˆ bx 2 y z ˆj x cy 2 z kˆ is irrotational. Hence
find scalar potential ∅ such that 𝑓 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑∅. [Aug 2022, June 2018, 2017, 2015, Dec 2015, 2011]
45. Find the constant 𝑎 such that the vector field f axy z 3 iˆ a 2 ˆj 1 a xz 2 kˆ is irrotational. Hence find
scalar potential ∅ such that 𝑓 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑. ∅ [June 2014, Dec 2013, 2012]
46. Find the constant 𝑎 such that the vector field f axy z i a 2 x j 1 a xz 2 kˆ is irrotational. Hence
3 ˆ 2ˆ
find scalar potential ∅ such that 𝑓 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑. ∅ [Aug 2020]
Mathematics-II for Computer Science and Engineering stream/BMATS201 DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
2
47. Find the constants 𝑎 and 𝑏 such that 𝑓 = (𝑎𝑥 𝑦 + 𝑧 )𝑖̂ + 3 (3𝑥 3
− 𝑧)𝑗̂ + − 𝑦)𝑘̂ is irrotational. Hence
(𝑏𝑥𝑧 2
find scalar potential ∅ such that 𝑓 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑∅. [Dec 2019]
48. Find the constants 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐 such that f (axy bz )i 3x cz ˆj 3xz y kˆ is irrotational. Hence find
3 ˆ 2 2
scalar potential ∅ such that 𝑓 = 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑∅ [June 2019]
Curvilinear Coordinates:
49. Prove that a cylindrical coordinate system is orthogonal.
50. Prove that a spherical coordinate system is orthogonal.
51. Represent the vector F ziˆ 2 xjˆ ykˆ in cylindrical coordinates. Also determine F , F , Fz .
52. Express the vectors F xyiˆ yzjˆ zxkˆ in terms of spherical Coordinates
53. Express F 2 yiˆ zjˆ 3xkˆ in cylindrical coordinates and find F , F , Fz
54. Express the following vectors in cylindrical coordinates
i) F 3 yiˆ x 2 ˆj z 2 kˆ ii) F ziˆ 2 xjˆ ykˆ
55. Express the vectors F ziˆ 2 xjˆ ykˆ in terms of spherical coordinates and find F , F , F
56. Express the following vectors in spherical coordinates
i) F 2 yiˆ zjˆ 3xkˆ ii) F 3 yiˆ 2 zjˆ xkˆ
Self-Study:
Line integral:
1. If 𝐹 = (3𝑥 2 + 6𝑦) ̂𝑖 − 14𝑦𝑧 𝑗̂ + 20𝑥𝑧 2 𝑘̂, evaluate . dr from (0, 0 , 0) 𝑡𝑜 (1, 1, 1) along the curve C given by
C
F
𝑥 = 𝑡, 𝑦 = 𝑡 2 , 𝑧 = 𝑡 3 . [Aug 2020,Dec 2018, 2016, 2010]
2. Find the work done in moving a particle in the force field 𝐹 = 3𝑥 𝑖̂ + (2𝑥𝑧 − 𝑦)𝑗̂ + 𝑧𝑘̂ along the curve defined by
2
𝑥 2 = 4𝑦 , 3𝑥 3 = 8𝑧 from 𝑥 = 0 to 𝑥 = 2. [June 2017]
̂
3. Find the work done by the force represented by 𝐹 = 3𝑥𝑦𝑖̂ − 𝑦𝑗̂ − 2𝑧𝑥𝑘 in moving a particle round the circle
x2 y2 4 [June 2010]
̂
4. Find the total work done in moving a particle in the force field 𝐹 = 3𝑥𝑦𝑖̂ − 5𝑧𝑗̂ + 10𝑥𝑘 along the curve
x t 2 1, y 2t 2 , z t 3 from 𝑡 = 1 to 𝑡 = 2. [June 2019]
5. A vector field is given by 𝐹 = sin 𝑦 𝑖̂ + 𝑥(1 + cos 𝑦) 𝑗̂. Evaluate the line integral over a circular path given by
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑎2 , 𝑧 = 0. [Dec 2017]
6. If 𝐹 = 3𝑥𝑦𝑖̂ − 𝑦 2 𝑗̂ evaluate F . dr along the curve 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 in 𝑥𝑦 plane from (0,0) to (1,2)
C
[Dec 2009]
7. Evaluate F . dr where 𝐹 = 𝑥𝑦𝑖̂ + (𝑥 2 + 𝑦2)𝑗̂ along the path of the straight line from (0, 0) to (1, 0) and then to (1, 0)
C
[Jan 2021]
8. If F xyiˆ yzˆj zxkˆ , evaluate F.dr where C is the curve represented by 𝑥 = 𝑡, 𝑦 = 𝑡 2 , 𝑧 = 𝑡 3 . [Dec 2019]
C
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