10121

Signal
transduction-receptor on a
target
cell that recieves
extracellular
incoming signal whyisitimportantecopie wi heart conditions) - HA due to
coronary artery usually
to increase blood
bv dialation
possible heart attack
flow
through
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people in
given
to

signaling
intracellular
converts that
signal to

a mushe
⑭ot
movec
a) extracellular signal
proteins , peptides amino Acid ,
gasses ,
-

,
epithelium
nucleotides ,
fatty acids

Interactions
① endocrine use bloodstream to broadcast a as well
Viagra
:
seen in
system throughout body didlation
Nitrous oxide released from nerve terminals trigger bu
-
.

cells Frduce hormones

endocrine blocks the
Viagra
of GMP which
degradation cyclic prolongs
the
signal
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②paracrine : do not enter the blood stream

uporwood bad
signal diffuses locally
-s in the
neig
Feedback Not linear- other
things can come in and alter - either
good or

"local mediators"
ex) inflammation >
- site insection - wound

healing
parar a
signalinaa
nacellular
③trinecelsareresponding self
form
,

lorder
2) Amplification - make
signal
prolifer ?
3)
integrationSignatommoreaon
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carry message over

long
distance

Nor broad casting ⑳

T
target
-gically target organ neuron , other

dependonaxoneetraimpuse tocary signa r ⑧

on an
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more than one

4) Distribution - end effector proteins

Feed
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e encouraging signal
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rofeedback

i
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re O Neg table
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an.
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umpotawat signal
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·
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goal

molecular switches
-
switches
most intracellular sige behave as

of
protein Kinases
-
add phosphate) covalent addition group
valyutayactivating ertrkinase Tyr Kinase on trea

cell response is dependent on the receptor

with
proteins
binding
acts as
Gip as

Espeactive form to GDP -inactive

one exception to the above
if
hydrolyzed
happens
through cycles of Gp
hydrolysis
① ↓ steroid hormones

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Molec- pass thru Plasma men

hydrophobic

om

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intracellviary-

venypamoreso a

end result is altered

yene transcription
nuclear receptor
each hormone has its own

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each nuclear Rel act on

of testosterone
a
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anothe exception that can cross plasma mem lepthimo

e
② gasses
as
signals
is
gasses can cross
somedissolved
synthesised from
arginine
Acts
locally bi
quickly converted
to Nitrates a Nitrites

cell
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enzyme +issue
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do a
,
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-
,

molecules in connective +issue

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O (GAGs)
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mmmm
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a
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Activity

collagen
20 diff
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on type of
assembly dependent
-
collagen
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each fail will o the other
-what
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varies dependenton
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d structures
intracranian Th
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s

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taras
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is secreted
needs to be removed
precursor form is
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to
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⑭
secratory resirce
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a
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issue Collagen
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a
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tensive

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o

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turningofSigmaphosphatasetosis
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proper alignment of
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puroblasts
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>
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hydrolyze
>
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every
kinase
for

usually
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MADK's
phosphatase available
EGF
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of elastic fibers
elastin-network

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gives Tissue
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factor - Activates receptor

growth FibronectinaFibroblast
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In +
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