CLASSWORK SHEET

Subject: Physics Topic: Geometrical Optics (1)

1. A point source of light S, placed at a distance L

in front of the centre of a mirror of width d,
hangs vertically. A man walks in front of S
the mirror along a line parallel to the mirror at d
a distance 2L from it as shown. The greatest
distance over which he can see the image of L
the light source in the mirror is,
(a) d/2 (b) d
(c) 2 d (d) 3 d 2L

2
2. Two plane mirrors M1 and M2 are inclined M2
at angle  as shown. A ray of light 1,
which is parallel to M1 strikes M2 and after
two reflections, the ray 2 becomes parallel 1
to M2. Find the angle  .


M1

3. A plane mirror reflects a pencil of light to form a real image. Then the pencil of
light incident on the mirror is:
(a) parallel (b) convergent (c) divergent (d) none of these

4. What should be the angle between two plane mirrors, so that whatever be the angle of
incidence, the incident ray and the reflected ray from the two mirrors be parallel to
each other?
(a) 600 (b) 900 (c) 1200 (d) 450

5. A man is 180 cm tall and his eyes are 10 cm below the top of his head. In order to see
his entire height right from toe to head, he uses a plane mirror kept 1 m in front of
him. The minimum height of the plane mirror is:
(a) 180 cm (b) 90 cm (c) 85 cm (d) 170 cm

6. A ray of light is incident on a plane mirror at an angle of 30 0. The deviation produced

in the ray is :
(a) 300 (b) 600 (c) 900 (d) 1200

7. To get three images of a single object, placed anywhere in between two plane mirrors,
the angle between two mirrors should be:
(a) 300 (b) 600 (c) 900 (d) 1500

8. An alien is of height 6 m. He observes that his image is 2 m high and erect, then the
mirror used is:
(a) concave (b) convex (c) plane (d) None of these

1
 1
9. A convex mirror of focal length f forms an image which is times the object. The
n
distance of the object from the mirror is:
 n 1  n 1
(a) n  1 f (b)  f (c)  f (d) n  1 f
 n   n 

10. The focal length of a concave mirror is 50 cm. Where should an object be placed, so
that its image is two times and inverted:
(a) 75 cm (b) 60 cm (c) 125 cm (d) 50 cm

11. An object of size 7.5 cm is placed in front of a convex mirror of radius of curvature
25 cm at a distance of 40 cm. The size of the image should be:
(a) 2.3 cm (b) 1.78 cm (c) 1 cm (d) 0.8 cm

12. The field of view is maximum for:

(a) plane mirror (b) concave mirror
(c) convex mirror (d) cylindrical mirror

13. The image formed by a convex mirror of focal length 30 cm is one fourth the size of
the object. The distance of the object from the mirror is:
(a) 30 cm (b) 90 cm (c) 120 cm (d) 60 cm

14. A virtual image larger than the object can be obtained by :

(a) concave mirror (b) convex mirror (c) plane mirror (d) concave lens

15. An object is placed 40 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 20 cm. The image
formed is:
(a) real, inverted and same in size (b) real, inverted and smaller in size
(c) virtual, erect and larger in size (d) virtual, erect and smaller in size

16. A concave mirror forms an image three times as large as the object placed at a
distance of 20 cm from it. For the image to be real, the focal length should be:
(a) -10 cm (b) -15 cm (c) -20 cm (d) -30 cm

17. Find the distance of object from a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm, so that image
size is four times the size of the object.

18. An object is 30.0 cm from a spherical mirror, along the central axis. The absolute
1
value of lateral magnification is . The image is inverted. What is the focal
2
length of the mirror?

19. A concave mirror has a radius of curvature of 24 cm. How far is the object from the
mirror, if image is:
(a) virtual and 3.0 times the size of the object,
(b) real and 3.0 times the size of the object and
(c) real and 1/3 the size of the object?

2
 CLASSWORK SHEET
Subject: Physics Topic: 902 Geometrical Optics (2)

1. Refractive index of medium 1 with respect to medium 2 is (9/8). Refractive index of

medium 1 with respect to medium 3 is (3/2). Find the refractive index of medium 2
with respect to medium 3.

2. (a) Find the speed of light of wavelength   780 nm (in air) in a medium of
refractive index   1.5 .
(b) What is the wavelength of this light in the given medium?

3. A light beam passes from medium 1 to medium 2. Show that the emerging beam is
parallel to the incident beam.

i3
i2
i2
i1

1 2 1

4. A point object O is placed in front of a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm. A glass
slab of refractive index   3 / 2 and thickness 6 cm is inserted between object and
mirror. Find the position of final image when the distance x shown in figure is:
(a) 5 cm (b) 20 cm
6 cm

x
32 cm

5. A ray of light falls on a glass plate of refractive index   1.5 . What is the angle of
incidence of the ray, if the angle between the reflected and refracted rays is 90 0?

3
6. A pole 4 m high is in a lake. 1 m of the pole is above water. Find the length of the
shadow of the pole on the bottom of the lake, if the sun rays make an angle of 45 0
with the water surface. The refractive index of water is 4/3.

7. A concave mirror of focal length f (in air) is immersed in water   4 / 3 . The focal
length of the mirror in water will be:
4 3 7
(a) f (b) f (c) f (d) f
3 4 3

8. The refractive index of a certain glass is 1.5 for light whose wavelength in vacuum is
6000 A. The wavelength of this light when it passes through glass is:
o o o o
(a) 4000A (b) 6000A (c) 9000A (d) 15000A

9. A light wave has a frequency of 4  1014 Hz and a wavelength of 5  10 7 m in a

medium. The refractive index of the medium is:
(a) 1.5 (b) 1.33 (c) 1.25 (d) 1.75

10. A vessel of depth 2d is half filled with a liquid of refractive index 1 and the
other half with a liquid of refractive index  2 . The apparent depth of the vessel as
seen from above is:
   1 1  1 1   1 
(a) d  1 2  (b) d    (c) 2d    (d) 2d  
 1   2   1  2   1  2   1  2 

11. The refractive indices of glass and water with respect to air are 3/2 and 4/3
respectively. The refractive index of glass with respect to water will be:
(a) 8/9 (b) 9/8 (c) 7/6 (d) none of these

12. If i  j represents refractive index when a light ray goes from medium i to medium j,
then the product 2 1  3  2  4  3 is equal to:
1
(a) 3 1 (b) 3  2 (c) (d) 4  2
1 4

13. Electromagnetic radiation of frequency n, wavelength  , travelling with velocity v in

air, enters a glass slab of refractive index  . The frequency, wavelength and velocity
of light in the glass slab will be respectively:
n  v  v v n 
(a) , , (b) n , , (c) n ,  , (d) , , v
       

14. A ray of light is incident from air on the surface of separation of a medium at an angle
450 and is refracted in the medium at an angle 300 . What will be the velocity of light
in the medium?
(a) 1.96  108 m / s (b) 2.12  108 m / s (c) 2.65  108 m / s (d) 1.24  108 m / s
3 4
15. Absolute refractive indices of glass and water are and . The ratio of velocity of
2 3
light in glass and water will be:

4
 (a) 4 : 3 (b) 9 : 8 (c) 8 : 9 (d) 3 : 4

16. A swimmer is at a depth of 12 m below the surface of water. A bird is at a height of

18 m from the surface of water, directly above his eyes. For the swimmer the bird
appears to be at a distance from the surface of water equal to (Refractive index of
water is 4/3) :
(a) 24 m (b) 12 m (c) 18 m (d) 9 m

17. An astronaut in a spaceship sees the outer space as:

(a) white (b) black (c) blue (d) red

18. Critical angle of light passing from glass to air is minimum for :
(a) red (b) green (c) yellow (d) violet

19. The wavelength of light in two liquids x and y is 3500 A and 7000 A respectively,
then the critical angle of x relative to y will be:
(a) 600 (b) 450 (c) 300 (d) 150

20. The reason for shining of air bubble in water is :

(a) diffraction of light (b) dispersion of light
(c) scattering of light (d) total internal reflection of light

21. White light is incident on the interface of glass and

air as shown in the figure. If green light is just totally
internally reflected, then the emerging ray in air
contains: Air Green
(a) yellow, orange, red
(b) violet, indigo, blue Glass
(c) all colours White
(d) all colours except green

22. In the figure shown, for an angle of incidence 45 0 at the top surface, what is the
minimum refractive index needed for total internal reflection at vertical face AD:
450
2 1 3 Air
(a) (b) A B
2 2

1
(c) (d) 2 D C
2

5
 CLASSWORK SHEET
Subject: Physics Topic: Geometrical Optics (3)

1. A glass sphere of radius R = 10 cm is kept inside water. A point object O is placed at

20 cm from A as shown. Find the position and nature of the image when seen from
other side of the sphere. Also draw the ray diagram. Given  g  3 / 2 and  w  4 / 3 .

C
O A B
10 cm
20 cm

2. Focal length of a convex lens in air is 10 cm. Find its focal length in water. Given that
 g  3 / 2 and  w  4 / 3 .

3. Find the distance of an object from a convex lens if image is two times magnified.
Focal length of the lens is 10 cm.

4. A spherical convex surface separates object and image space of refractive index 1.0
4
and . If radius of curvature of the surface is 10 cm, find its power.
3

5. The distance between two point sources of light is 24 cm. Where will you place a
converging lens of focal length 9 cm, so that the images of both sources are
formed at the same point.
f  9 cm

S1 S2

x 24 – x

6. Two thin identical converging lenses of focal length f are placed on a common axis,
so that the centre of one coincides with the focus of the other. An object is placed at a
distance twice the focal length from the left-hand lens. Where will the final image be?
What is the lateral magnification?

7. Two equi-convex lenses of focal lengths 30 cm and 70 cm, made of material of

refractive index = 1.5, are held in contact coaxially by a rubber band around their
edges. A liquid of refractive index 1.3 is introduced in the space between the lenses
filling it completely. Find the position of the image of a point object placed on the
axis of the combination at a distance of 90 cm from it.
8. A source of light is located at double the focal length from a convergent lens. The
focal length of the lens is f  30 cm. At what distance from the lens should a flat

6
 mirror be placed, so that the rays reflected from the mirror become parallel after
passing through the lens for the second time?

9. A convex lens of focal length 40 cm is in contact with a concave lens of focal length
25 cm. The power of combination is:
(a) – 1.5 D (b) – 6.5 D (c) + 6.5 D (d) + 1.5 D

10. Two lenses are placed in contact and the focal length of combination is 80 cm. If the
focal length of one is 20 cm, then the power of the other will be:
(a) 1.66 D (b) 4.00 D (c) – 1.00 D (d) – 3.75 D

11. Two similar plano-convex lenses are combined in

three different ways as shown. The ratio of the focal
lengths in three cases will be:
(a) 2 : 2 : 1 (b) 1 : 1 : 1

(c) 1 : 2 : 2 (d) 2 : 1 : 1

12. Two thin lenses, one of focal length +60 cm and the
other of focal length -20 cm are put in contact. The combined focal length is:
(a) +15 cm (b) -15 cm (c) +30 cm (d) -30 cm

13. Distance of an object from a concave lens of focal length 20 cm is 40 cm. Then linear
magnification of the image :
(a) = 1 (b) < 1 (c) > 1 (d) zero

14. In the figure, an air lens of radii of curvature

10 cm (| R1 || R2 | 10cm) is cut in a cylinder of
 3
glass     . The focal length and the nature
 2 Air Glass
of the lens is:
(a) 15 cm, concave
(b) 15 cm, convex
(c)  , neither concave nor convex
(d) 0, concave

15. Two thin lenses of focal lengths f1 and f 2 are in contact and coaxial. The
combination is equivalent to a single lens of power:
f f f  f2
(c)  f1  f 2 
1
(a) f1  f 2 (b) 1 2 (d) 1
f1  f 2 2 f1 f 2

16. A plano convex lens is made of glass of refractive index 1.5. The radius of curvature
of its convex surface is R. Its focal length is:
(a) R / 2 (b) R (c) 2R (d) 1.5R

1
17. A concave lens of focal length f forms an image times the size of the object.
n
Then u is:

7
 (c) n  1 f (d) n  1 f
f
(a) nf (b)
n

18. A convex lens of focal length f1 and concave lens of focal lesngths f 2 are kept in
contact, the combination will behave like a concave lens if:
(a) | f1 || f 2 | (b) ) | f1 || f 2 | (c) ) | f1 || f 2 | (d) | f1 || f 2 |

19. A point object is placed at the centre of a glass sphere of radius 6 cm and refractive
index 1.5. What is the apparent depth of the object as seen from outside?
(a) 2 cm (b) 4 cm (c) 6 cm (d) 12 cm

20. In order to obtain a real image of magnification 2 using converging lens of focal
length 20 cm, what should be the value of u ?
(a) 50 cm (b) 30 cm (c) – 50 cm (d) – 30 cm

21. A plano-convex lens of refractive index 1.5 and radius of curvature 30 cm is silvered
at the curved surface. At what distance from this lens should an object be placed in
order to have a real image of the size of the object?
(a) 20 cm (b) 30 cm (c) 60 cm (d) 80 cm

22. A convex lens is in contact with concave lens. The magnitude of the ratio of their
focal length is 2/3. Their equivalent focal length is 30 cm. What are their individual
focal lengths (in cm)?
(a) 50, -75 (b) 20, -30 (c) 60, -90 (d) 10, -15

8
 GEOMETRICAL OPTICS CWS – 4

1. A thin rod of length f/3 lies along the axis of a concave mirror of focal length f. One
end of its magnified image touches one end of the rod. The length of the image is:
1 1
(a) f (b) f (c) 2f (d) f
2 4

2. A ray of light falls on the surface of a spherical glass paper weight making an angle
 with the normal and is refracted in the medium at an angle  . The angle of
deviation of the emergent ray from the direction of the incident ray is:
(a) (   ) (b) 2 (   ) (c) (   ) / 2 (d) (    )

3. A rectangular glass slab ABCD, of

refractive index n1, is immersed in
water of refractive index n2 (n1  n2 ) .
A ray of light is incident at the surface n1
AB of the slab as shown. The
maximum value of the angle of
incidence  max , such that the ray
comes out only from the other surface CD is given by:
n  n    1 
(a) sin 1  1 cos  sin 1 2  (b) sin 1 n1 cos  sin 1 
 n2  n1    n 2 
n  n 
(c) sin 1  1  (d) sin 1  2 
 n2   n1 

4. A concave mirror is placed at the bottom of an empty tank with face upwards and axis
vertical. When sunlight falls normally on the mirror, it is focused at distance of 32 cm
 4
from the mirror. If the tank filled with water     up to a height of 20 cm, then
 3
the sunlight will now get focused at:
(a) 16 cm above water level (b) 9 cm above water level
(c) 24 cm below water level (d) 9 cm below water level

5. An observer can see through a pin – hole the top

end of a thin rod of height h, placed as shown.
The height of vessel is 3h and its radius h. When
the cylindrical vessel is filled with a liquid up 3h
to a height 2h, he can see the lower end of the h
rod. Then the refractive index of the liquid is:
(a) 5 / 2 (b) (5 / 2) 2h

(c) (3 / 2) (d) 3/2

6. A hollow double concave lens is made of very thin transparent material. It can be
filled with air or either of two liquids L1 and L2 having refractive indices n1 and n2

9
 respectively (n2 > n1 > 1). The lens will diverge a parallel beam of light, if it is filled
with:
(a) air and placed in air (b) air and immersed in L1
(c) L1 and immersed in L2 (d) L2 and immersed in L1

7. A concave mirror is placed on a horizontal table with its axis directed vertically
upwards. Let O be the pole of the mirror and C be its centre of curvature. A point
object is placed at C. It has a real image, also at C. If the mirror is now filled with
water, the image will be:
(a) real, and will remain at C
(b) real, and located at a point between C and 
(c) virtual and located at a point between C and O
(d) real, and located at a point between C and O

8. As the position of an object (u) from a concave mirror is varied, the position of the
image (v) also varies. By letting the u changes from 0 to +  the graph between v
versus u will be:
v v

(a) u (b) u

v v

(c) u (d) u

9. The graph shows part of variation of v with change in u for v

a concave mirror. Points plotted above the point P on
the curve are for values of v: P

(a) smaller than f (b) smaller than 2f 450

u
(c) larger than 2f (d) larger than f but less than 2f

10. The graph shows how inverse of magnification

1
produced by a convex thin lens varies with
m
b
object distance u. What is the focal length of
the lens used?
a c
u
b b bc
(a) (b) (c)
c ca a
c
(d)
b

11. The graph between u and v for a convex mirror is

10
 v v
f f f f
(a) (b)
u u

v
v
f f f f
(c)
(d)
u u

12. A concave lens of focal length 20 cm placed in contact with a plane mirror acts as a:
(a) convex mirror of focal length 10 cm (b) concave mirror of focal length 40 cm
(c) concave mirror of focal length 60 cm (d) concave mirror of focal length 10 cm

1
13. A convex lens produces a real image of a real object on a screen with a magnification of - .
2
When the lens is moved 30 cm towards the object, the magnification of the real image on the
screen is -2. The focal length of the lens is:
(a) 30 cm (b) 60 cm (c) 20 cm (d) 15 cm

14. A concave lens of glass, refractive index 1.5 has both surfaces of radius of curvature R.
On immersion in a medium of refractive index 1.75 it will behave as a:
(a) convergent lens of focal length 3.5R (b) convergent lens of focal length 3.0R
(c) divergent lens of focal length 3.5R (d) divergent lens of focal length 3.0R

15. A point source of light is placed 4 m below the surface of water of refractive index 5/3.
The minimum diameter of a disc, which should be placed over the source, on the surface of
water to cut - off all light coming out of water is:
(a)  (b) 6 m (c) 4 m (d) 3 m

16. A luminous object is placed at a distance of 30 cm from the convex lens of focal length 20
cm. On the other side of the lens, at what distance from the lens a convex mirror of
radius of curvature 10 cm be placed in order to have an upright image of the object
coincident with it?
(a) 12 cm (b) 30 cm (c) 50 cm (d) 60 cm

17. A lens forms a sharp image of an object on a screen. On inserting a parallel slab of
glass between the lens and the screen, it is found necessary to move the screen by a
distance d away from the lens in order for the image to be again sharply focused. If the
refractive index of glass is  , then the thickness of the slab is:
d (   1) d
(a)  d (b) d /  (c) (d)
 1 

11
 CLASSWORK SHEET
Subject: Physics Topic: Geometrical Optics (5)

1. An isotropic point source is placed at a depth h below the water surface. A floating
opaque disc is placed on the surface of water, so that the bulb is not visible from the
surface. What is the minimum radius of the disc? Take refractive index of water =  .

2. An isosceles glass prism has one of its faces coated with silver. A ray of light is
incident normally on the other face (which is equal to the silvered face). The ray of
light is reflected twice on the same sized faces and then emerges through the base of
the prism perpendicularly. Find angles of prism.

3. The angle of minimum deviation for a glass prism with   3 equals the refracting
angle of the prism. What is the angle of the prism?

4. A ray of light is incident at an angle of 600 on the face of a prism having refracting
angle 300. The ray emerging out of the prism makes an angle 30 0 with the incident
ray. What is the angle between the emergent ray and the face through which it
emerges?

5. The refracting angle of a glass prism is 300. A ray is incident onto one of the faces
perpendicular to it. Find the angle  between the incident ray and the ray that leaves
the prism. The refractive index of glass is   1.5 .

6. One face of a prism with a refractive angle of 300 is coated with silver. A ray incident
on the other face at an angle of 450, after refraction and reflection retraces its path.
What is the refractive index of the prism?

7. When light rays are incident on a prism at an angle of 45 0, the minimum deviation is
obtained. If refractive index of the material of prism is 2 , then the angle of prism
will be :
(a) 300 (b) 750 (c) 900 (d) 600

8. The refractive index of a prism 2 and its refracting angle is 600. For minimum
deviation, the angle of incidence will be:
(a) 300 (b) 450 (c) 600 (d) 750

9. Our eye is most sensitive for which of the following wavelength?


(a) 4500 A

(b) 5500 A

(c) 6500 A
(d) equally sensitive for all wavelengths of visible spectrum

10. A ray of light is incident at an angle of 600 on one face of a prism of angle 300. The
ray emerging out of the prism makes an angle of 300 with the incident ray. The
emergent ray is:
(a) normal to the face through which it emerges

12
 (b) inclined at 300, to the face through which it emerges
(c) inclined at 600 to the face through which it emerges
(d) none of the above

11. In a thin prism of glass (refractive index 1.5), which of the following relations
between the angle of minimum deviations  m and angle of prism r will be correct?
r
(a)  m  r (b)  m  1.5r (c)  m  2r (d)  m 
2

12. A ray of light passes through an equilateral glass prism in such a manner that the
angle of incidence is equal to the angle of emergence and each of these angles is equal
to 3/4 of the angle of the prism. The angle of deviation is:
(a) 450 (b) 390 (c) 200 (d) 300

13. What will be the colour of sky as seen from the earth, if there were no atmosphere?
(a) black (b) blue (c) white (d) red

14. When light is incident on an equilateral prism kept in its minimum deviation position,
it is found that the angle of deviation equals the angle of the prism itself. The
refractive index of the material of the prism is
3
(a) 3 (b) (c) 2 (d) 2
2

15. If the refractive index of a material of equilateral prism is 3 , then angle of minimum
deviation of the prism is :
(a) 300 (b) 450 (c) 600 (d) 750

16. The splitting of white light into several colours on passing through a glass prism is
due to :
(a) refraction (b) reflection (c) interference (d) diffraction

17. Under minimum deviation condition in a prism, if a ray is incident at an angle 30 0, the
angle between the emergent ray and the second refracting surface of the prism is:
(a) 00 (b) 300 (c) 450 (d) 600

18. A ray of light is incident on an equilateral glass prism

placed on a horizontal table. For minimum deviation R
which of the following is true? Q
S
(a) PQ is horizontal
(b) QR is horizontal P
(c) RS is horizontal
(d) Either PQ or RS is horizontal

13
Geometrical Optics 1

1. 3d
2. 60 degrees
3. b
4. b
5. b
6. d
7. c
8. b
9. a
10. a
11. b
12. c
13. b
14. a
15. a
16. b
17. 12.5 cm, 7.5 cm
18. -10 cm
19. 8 cm, 16 cm, 48 cm

Geometrical Optics 2

1. 4/3
2. 2  108 m / s , 520 nm
4. real image 17 cm from the mirror, virtual image 17 cm from the mirror
5. tan 1 (1.5)
6. 2.88 m
7. a
8. a
9. a
10. b
11. b
12. c
13. b
14. b
15. c
16. a
17. b
18. d
19. c
20. d
21. a
22. b

14
Geometrical Optics 3

1. BI 2  100cm that is the final image I 2 is virtual and formed at a distance 100 cm
towards left from B
2. 40 cm
3. Real Image 15 cm, Virtual Image 5 cm
4. 2.5 D
5. 6 cm from either object
6. f/2 from second lens, m= - 1/2
7. +45 cm
8. 45 cm from lens
9. a
10. d
11. b
12. d
13. b
14. a
15. d
16. c
17. d
18. a
19. c
20. d
21. a Hint f=R/2 
22. d

Geometrical Optics 4

1. b
2. b
3. a
4. b
5. b
6. d
7. d
8. a
9. c
10. d
11. a
12. a
13. c
14. a
15. b
16. c
17. c

15
Geometrical Optics 5

h
1.
2 1
2. 720 ,720 ,360
3. 600
4. 900
5. 18.6 0
6. 2
7. d
8. b
9. b
10. a
11. d
12. d
13. a
14. a
15. c
16. a
17. d
18. b

16