HALF-YEARLY EXAMINATION (2023–24)

CLASS: XII DATE: SUBJECT: Physics M.M.: 70

General Instructions:
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark each, Section B
contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three marks each, Section D
contains two case study based questions of four marks each and Section E contains three long answer questions of
five marks each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in Section B, one
question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three questions in Section E. You have to
attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed.
(7) You may use the following values of physical constants where ever necessary
SECTION A
1. Work done to bring a unit positive charge from infinity to a point in an electric field is known as
a) Electric potential b) Electric field intensity c) Electric dipole moment
d) The total energy of the point charge
2. Electric potential varies with distance such that V(x) =ax-bx3; where a and b are constants. Where
will the electric field intensity be zero?
a a a a a
a) x = b) x = c) x = √ d) x= +√ and x= -√
b 3b b 3b 3b
3. Two point charges 10C and -10C are placed at a certain distance. What is the electric potential of
their midpoint?
a) Some positive value b) Some negative value c) Zero d) Depends on medium
4. Which of the following is an example of a non-ohmic conductor?
a) Copper b) Silver c) Silicon d) Nichrome
5. What is the SI unit of mobility?
a) Vm-1 b) m2V-1s-1 c) mV-2 d) m2V-2s-1
6. The correct plot of the magnitude of magnetic field B⃗ vs distance r from centre of the wire is, if the
radius of wire is R

7. Which of the following states that an emf is induced whenever there is a change in the magnetic
field linked with electric circuits?
(a) Lenz’s Law (b) Ohm’s Law (c) Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction (d) None of the
above
8. What is the force exerted by a stationary charge when it is placed in a magnetic field?
(a) Zero (b) Maximum (c) Minimum (d) Depends on the strength of the magnetic field
9, What is the velocity of electromagnetic wave in free space?
1 1
(a) c = √μ0ε0 (b) c = (c) c = (d) c = μ0ε0
√μ 0 ε0 μ 0ε 0
10. What happens to the quality factor of an LCR circuit if the resistance is increased?

(a) Increases (b) Decreases (c) Remains the same (d)None of the above
11. A lens immersed in a transparent liquid is not visible. Under what condition can this happen?
(a) Less refractive index (b) Higher refractive index (c) Same refractive index
(d) Total internal reflection is zero
12. What happens to the frequency and the wavelength when light passes from a rarer to a denser
medium?
(a) Wavelength remains unchanged but frequency changes b) They are independent
c) Wavelength and frequency changes (d) Wavelength changes but the frequency remain unchanged
For question numbers 13 to 16, two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the
other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b),
(c) and (d) as given below.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false and R is also false
13. Assertion : A transformer can’t work on DC supply
Reason -- DC changes neither in magnitude nor in direction
14. Assertion : Ratio of speed of uv rays & infrared waves (in vacuum) is 1.
Reason: Both; infrared and uv rays are electromagnetic waves .
15. Assertion : The air bubble shines in water.
Reason : Air bubble in water shines due to refraction of light
16 Assertion(A): The potential inside a hollow spherical charged conductor is zero.
Reason(R): Inside the hollow spherical conductor electric field is constant.
SECTION B
17. A Point Charge of 2.0μC is Kept at the Center of a Cubic Gaussian Surface of Edge Length
9cmX9cm. What is the Net Electric Flux Through one Surface?
18. Potential difference V is applied across the ends of copper wire of length l and diameter D. What is
the effect on drift velocity of electrons if
(a) V is doubled (b) l is doubled
19. An α - particle and a proton are moving in the plane of paper in a region where there is uniform
magnetic field B directed normal to the plane of paper. If two particles have equal linear momenta,
what will be the ratio of the radii of their trajectories in the field?
Or
Give one difference each between diamagnetic and ferromagnetic substances. Give one example of
each.
20. Obtain an expression for the self-inductance of a long solenoid. Hence define one henry.
21. Thin prism of angle 600 gives a deviation of 300. What is the refractive index of the material of the
prism?
SECTION C
22. What happens to the resistance of the wire when its length is increased to twice its original
length?
23. Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of image of same size as that of object in case of
converging lens hence derive lens equation?
24. Write the following radiations in a descending order of frequencies: red light, x-rays, radio waves.
Write one use of each.
25. A conducting rod rotates with angular speed w with one end at the centre and other end at
circumference of a circular metallic ring of radius R, about an axis passing through the centre of the
coil perpendicular to the plane of the coil A constant magnetic field B parallel to the axis is present
1
everywhere. Show that the emf. between the centre and the metallic ring is Bwl2
2
Or
Show that in a series LCR circuit connected to an a.c. source exhibits resonance at its natural
1
frequency equal to
√ LC
26. State Biot-Savart's law. Derive an expression for the magnetic field at the center of a circular coil
of n-turns carrying current – I
Or
State Amperes circuital law. Using Amperes law find the magnetic field due to a solenoid.
27. Explain with the help of a circuit diagram, how the value of an unknown resistance can be
determined using a Wheatstone bridge?
28. Two Charges Each of Magnitude 2×10−7C but Opposite in Sign Forms a System. These Charges Are
Located at Points A (0,0,−10) and B (0,0,+10)
Respectively. Distances Are Given in Cm. What Is the Total Charge and Electric Dipole Moment of the
System?
Or
Four-point Charges qA=2μC, qB=−5μC, qC=2μC, qD=−5μC are Located at the Corners of a Square
ABCD of Side 10cm. What is the Force on a Charge of 1μC Placed at the Centre of the Square?
SECTION D
MOVING COIL GALVANOMETER
29. The galvanometer is a device used to detect the current flowing in a circuit or a small potential
difference applied to it. It consists of a coil with many turns, free to rotate about a fixed axis, in a
uniform radial magnetic field formed by using concave pole pieces of a magnet. When a current flows
through the coil, a torque acts on it.
1.What is the principle of moving coil galvanometer?
(a) Torque acting on a current carrying coil placed in a uniform magnetic field.
(b) Torque acting on a current carrying coil placed in a non-uniform magnetic field.
(c) Potential difference developed in the current carrying coil.
(d) None of these.
2. If the field is radial, then the angle between magnetic moment of galvanometer coil and the
magnetic field will be
(a) 0° (b) 30° (c) 60° (d)90°
3. Why pole pieces are made concave in the moving coil galvanometer?
(a) to make the magnetic field radial. (b) to make the magnetic field uniform.
(c) to make the magnetic field non-uniform. (d) none of these.
4. What is the function of radial field in the moving coil galvanometer?
(a) to make the torque acting on the coil maximum. (b) to make the magnetic field strong.
(c) to make the current scale linear. (d) all the above.
5. If the rectangular coil used in the moving coil galvanometer is made circular, then what will be the
effect on the maximum torque acting on the coil in magnetic field for the same area of the coil?
(a) remains the same (b) becomes less in circular coil
(c) becomes greater in circular coil (d) depends on the orientation of the coil
30. Currents can be induced not only in conducting coils, but also in conducting sheets or blocks.
Current is induced in solid metallic masses when the magnetic flux threading through them changes.
Such currents flow in the form of irregularly shaped loops throughout the body of the metal. These
currents look like eddies or whirlpools in water so they are known as eddy currents. Eddy currents
have both undesirable effects and practically useful applications. For example it causes unnecessary
heating and wastage of power in electric motors, dynamos and in the cores of transformers.
(I) The working of speedometers of trains is based on
(a) wattless currents (b) eddy currents (c) alternating currents (d) pulsating currents
(ii) Identify the wrong statement
(a) Eddy currents are produced in a steady magnetic field
(b) Induction furnace uses eddy currents to produce heat
(c) Eddy currents can be used to produce braking force in moving trains
(d) Power meters work on the principle of eddy currents.
(iii) Which of the following is the best method to reduce eddy currents?
(a) Laminating core (b) Using thick wires (c) Lenz's law (d) Ampere-circuital law
(iv) The direction of eddy currents is given by
(a) Fleming's left hand rule (b) Biot-Savart law (c) Lenz's law (d) Ampere-circuital law
(v) Eddy currents can be used to heat localised tissues of the human body. This branch of medical
therapy is called
(a) Hyperthermia (b) Diathermy (c) Inductothermy (d) none of these
SECTION E
31. (a) Define electric flux. Write its SI units.
(b) The electric field components due to a charge inside the cube of side 0.1 m are as shown :
Ex = ax, where α = 500 N/C-m

Calculate
(i) the flux through the cube, and (ii) the charge inside the cube.
Or
(a) A slab of material of dielectric constant K has the same area as that of the plates of a parallel plate
capacitor but has the thickness d/2, where d is the separation between the plates. Find out the
expression for its capacitance when the slab is inserted between the plates of the capacitor.
(b) Calculate the amount of work done to dissociate a system of three charges 1 μC, 1 μC and -4 μC
placed on the vertices of an equilateral triangle of side 10 cm.
32. (a) An a.c. source generating a voltage v = vm sin ω t is connected to a capacitor of capacitance C.
Find the expression for the current, i, flowing through it. Plot a graph of v and i versus tat to show that
the current is π/2 ahead of the voltage.
(b) A resistor of 200Ω and a capacitor of 15.0 µF are connected in series to a 220 V, 50 Hz a.c. source.
Calculate the current in the circuit and the rms voltage across the resistor and the capacitor. Is the
algebraic sum of these voltages more than the source voltage? If yes, resolve the paradox.
Or
(i) With the help of a labelled diagram, describe briefly the underlying principle and working of a step-
up transformer.
(ii) Write any two sources of energy loss in a transformer.
(iii) A step up transformer converts a low input voltage into a high output voltage. Does it violate law
of conservation of energy?
33. (a) Derive the expression of the lens maker’s formula.
(b) A converging lens has a focal length of 20 cm in air. It is made of a material of refractive index 1.6.
It is immersed in a liquid of refractive index 1.3. Calculate its new focal length.
Or
(i) Draw a neat labelled ray diagram of an astronomical telescope in normal adjustment.
(ii) Write two drawbacks of refracting type telescope.
(iii) An astronomical telescope uses two lenses of powers 10 D and 1 D. What is its magnifying power
in normal adjustment?