Cisco Packet Tracer
Objectives
• Download and install cisco packet tracer.
• Know basic concept of packet tracer.
• Demonstrates how to create, arrange, delete, and
connect devices.
• Demonstrates how to configure devices using the
Config tab.
• Building peer-to-peer network using CPT
• To demonstrate hub and switch
• To Simulate LAN using packet tracer
GUI of cisco packet tracer
Peer-to-peer LAN
• Design and configure the following LAN.
• Check configuration and simulate data flow
Creating LAN using Hub
• Design and configure the following LAN
• Check configuration and simulate packet flow
Exercise
Creating LAN using switch
• Simulating switch
Exercise
VLAN
• Is the abbreviation of virtual local area network.
• Is a way to segment a given LAN into a number of
segments.
– Is used for providing limited resources access.
– for better traffic management and security.
Creating vlan
• Consider the following LAN is class C network.
• Pc0 and pc1 in the same vlan:
– Vlan ID is 10 and its name is group1
• Pc2 and pc3 in the same vlan:
– Vlan is 20 and its name is group2
Procedures to create the valn
• First: Create vlan by using id and name.
– VLAN ID range is 1-1005. but 1002-1005 are reserved.
– VLAN 1 is also reserved as the default VLAN.
• Second: Enable switch ports to access the required vlan
by access mode.
– set access ports to access specific VLANs
• Third: enabling a switch ports to access other switch or
router sing trunk mode.
– set the trunk port to carry data among multiple VLANs.
• Cisco Packet Tracer VLAN Configuration Example ⋆
IPCisco
– https://ipcisco.com/lesson/cisco-packet-tracer-vlan-
configuration-example-ccna/#google_vignette
– https://techlensfocus.com/index.php/2024/04/22/cisco-
packet-tracer-tutorial-vlan-configuration/
Design and configuration of vlan
Design network and configure PCs
VLAN configuration
• Using GUI:
• Create vlan by vlan databse
• Accessing interface using
either access or trunk mode
configure ports
• Assign switch port. 2 ports to be configured for vlan.
– Access port : to connect switch with PC in a
network
– Trunk port: to connect multiple device such as
router with switch
Access mode: to connect switch with PC
trunk: to connect switch with switch
Exercise
• Create 4 VLAN with the following information:
VLAN_ ID VLAN_Name No computers
100 student 6
200 Teachers 4
300 Administrator 3
400 support 2
Exercise
• Design the following VLAN. Desktop computers are in the same
VLAN whereas Laptops in an other VLAN.
Configuring switch with CLI
• Commands:
– enable: to move from user mode to privileged mode.
– Switch> ……..user mode
– Switch#........privileged mode
– configure: to move from privileged mode to global configuration mode.
– switch(config)#.........configuration mode
– interface: to select a port/interface
– Switch(config-if)# …………….interface mode
– switchport: for interface configuration mode:
• switchport mode access: to configure the port as an access port
• switchport mode trunk: to configure the port as a trunk port
– exit/end: to move back one step
– show vlan/do show vlan: to display list of VLANs at configuration and
interface modes, respectively.
– show interfaces status: to show status of each port
• https://techlensfocus.com/index.php/2024/04/22/cisco-packet-
tracer-tutorial-vlan-configuration.html
• https://itexamanswers.net/3-3-12-packet-tracer-vlan-configuration-
instructions-answer.html
Vlan configuration using CLI
Configuring the switch
Design and configure computer
• enable
• configure terminal
• To create vlans:
– vlan 10
– name sales_department
– Vlan 20
– name mangment_department
• To accessing ports:
– interface fastethernet0/1
– switchport mode access
– switchport access vlan 10
– Repeate the above 3 commands
to all ports.
Remove a VLAN from a Remove a VLAN assignment from
database: an interface.
• Use the “no vlan”. • Use “no switchport
• Example: Switch(config)# no vlan 30 access vlan” command
– Example
• switch(config)# end
– F0/24. Switch(config)#
interface f0/24
– Switch(config-if)# no
switchport access vlan
– Switch(config-if)# end
Design and configure VLAN in such a way that desktop computers in
one VLAN and laptops in other VLAN.
Switch Configuration using CLI
• To access vlan using interface:
– Interface fastEthernet0/1
– Switchport mode access
– Switchport access vlan 10
– Interface fastEthernet 0/2 To connect switch with
– Switchport mode access switch/router
– Switchport access vlan 10 • Interface fastEthernet 0/5
– ---- • Switchport mode trunk
– Interface fastEthernet 0/3 • Switchport trunk allowed
– Switchport mode access vlan 10,20
– Switchport access vlan 20
– Interface fastEthernet 0/4
– Switchport mode access
– Switchport access vlan 20
Range of ports
• Enable
• Configure terminal
Assume there are VLAN
• Interface range fastethernet 0/1-10 100 and 200 already.
• Switchport mode access
• Switchport access vlan 100
• Interface range fastethernet 0/11-20
• Switchport mode access
• Switchport access vlan 200
• Interface range fastethernet 0/21-24
• Switchport mode access
• Switchport access vlan 300
Exercise
• Create 3 vlans using any name and ID for the
following class B network.
VLAN Configuration
• vlan 10
• name sales
• vlan 20
• name IT
• Int fa 0/1
• Switchport mode access
• Switchport access vlan 10
• . To add multiple interface
• . once:
• . int range fa0/1-10
• Int fa 0/4
• Switchport mode access
• Switchport access vlan 20
• Int fa 0/5
• Switchport mode trunck
Switch configuration
• enable
• conf t
• hostname staff # to give hostname
• enable password 12345 # to change password
• Exit
• Exit
• Show vlan # to display the existing vlans
– Or
• show vlan brief
Inter-VLAN Configuration
• enabling communication between devices that
belong to different VLANs.
• How to configure VLAN and interVLAN Routing in
Packet Tracer – Computer Networking Tips
– https://computernetworking747640215.wordpress.co
m/2018/07/05/vlan-configuration-on-a-cisco-switch-
in-packet-tracer/
Sub netting
• Example :192.168.1.0/25
• New subnet mask: 255.255.255.128.
• Subnet=21
• Range/block size: 256-128=128=27
• Subnet 1:
• 192.168.1.0 to 192.168.1.127
• Subnet 2:
• 192.168.1.128 to 192.168.1.255
• Check network ID and
• broadcasting for host
Connecting two subnets using router
• Example: 192.168.1.0/25
• Subnets=21 =2
• block size=256-128=128=27
• Subnet 1:192.168.1.0-192.168.1.127
• Subnet 2: 192.168.1.128-192.168.1.255
4 subnets
• Example: 192.168.100.0/26
• New subnet mask=255.255.255.192
• Subnet=22=4
• Block size=256-192=64=26
• Subnet 1:192.168.100.0-192.168.100.63
• Subnet 2:192.168.100.64- 192.168.127
• Subnet 3: 192.168.100.128-192.168.100.191
• Subnet 4: 192.168.100.192-192.168.100.255
Class work
• Example: 215.120.100.0/27
• Solution:
– Subnet 1:215.120.100.0- 215.120.100.31
– Subnet 2: 215.120.100.32-215.120.100.63
– Subnet 3: 215.120.100.64-215.120.100.95
– Subnet 4: 215.120.100.96-215.120.100.127
– Subnet 5: 215.120.100.128-215.120.100.159
– Subnet 6: 215.120.100.160-215.120.100.191
– Subnet 7: 215.120.100.192-215.120.100.223
– Subnet 8: 215.120.100.224-215.120.100.255
Connecting different networks using Router
Class A:0-127
Class B:128-191
Class C:192-223
Router configuration using GUI
Exercise
• Design and configure the following network. Assume that the
left side network is class A and the right side is class B.
Configuring a router using CLI
Router configuration using CLI
• Enable
• Configure terminal
• Interface fastethernet0/0
• Ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
• No shutdown
• Interface fastethernet0/1
• Ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.0.0
• No shutdown
Using CLI PC and Router Configuration
• IP syntax: ipconfig Ip subnet gateway
• PC0: ipconfig 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
• PC1: ipconfig 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
• PC2: ipconfig 172.16.1.3 255.255.0.0 172.16.1.1
• ….
• …..
• Router :
– host Hilco
– int fa0/0
– ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
– no shut
– int fa0/1
– ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.0.0
– no shut
• R#show interfaces
• Show ip route: to count number of networks
Home Work
Q1. Design the following subnets using an IP address of
192.168.1.0/26 and configure the routers to connect the
4 subnets using CLI.
Q2. Take any class B IP address and show VLSM for 5
networks/subnets. You can take any number of hosts
under each subnet. Use at least two routers. Configure
the routers using CLI.
Routing
Routing
• Routing is simply a process of choosing route for delivering
data to its destination.
• Types of routing: default, static and dynamic.
• Routing process is needed when we are going to deliver
packets of data to a network that isn’t directly connected with
the sender.
• Configuring and Verifying VLANs in Cisco – GeeksforGeeks
– https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/configuring-and-verifying-vlans-in-
cisco/
Routing configuration using GUI
192.168.3.1
Static routing configuration
Connecting A,B and C network
Configuring using CLI
• Syntax to configure computers using ipconfig command:
– Ipconfig ip_address subnet_mask_value gateway_value
• PC0:
– ipconfig 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
• PC1:
– ipconfig 10.10.1.2 255.0.0.0 10.10.1.1
• Router 0:
– Enable
– Configure terminal
– int fa0/0
– Ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
– no shut down
– Int fa0/1
– Ip add 172.16.100.2 255.255.0.0
– No shut
• ROUTER 1:
– ENABLE #Case insensitive
– Conf t
– Int fa0/0
– Ip add 172.16.100.2 255.255.0.0
– No shut down
– Int fa0/1
– Ip add 10.10.1.1 255.0.0.0
– No shut
Routing Configuration
• Router 0 routing configuration:
– ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 172.16.100.2
• Router 1 routing configuration:
– ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.100.1
4 LANs
• Router 0:
– Ip route 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 172.16.100.2
– Ip route 150.200.0.0 255.255.0.0 172.16.100.1
• Router 1:
– Ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.100.1
Inserting Expansion slot/ Interface
• 1st . Power off a router.
• 2nd . Select and insert the required interface
on empty slot.
• 3rd . Power on the router
Homework 1: CLI configuration
Homework 2: Design and configure routing using GUI and CLI
