Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam Translation

Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1.

What type of morpheme is the suffix 'er' in the word 'bigger'?

inflectional derivational free none of the answers is
correct

2. ------------------- are not included within open word classes.

nouns pronouns adverbs adjectives

3. The word "unbreakable" has ----------bound morpheme(s). zero one

two three

4. An illustration of a noun in the nominative case is ------------------------- ‫رمي ت‬

‫أصبح الفتى المجتهد متميزا‬ ‫سار والجبل‬ ‫قرأ قصة قصيرة‬ ‫الكرة‬

5. The sentence ----------------- includes a plural invariable noun.

Scissors are dangerous for babies. The teacher gave them a lot of homework.
He likes classical music. She is studying physics.

Q: 2 Exemplify for the following:

1. A noun morphologically marked for feminine gender (personal reference). This actress
is famous.
2. Unreal / unnatural feminine gender. ‫قرأ علي الصحيفة‬
3. The genitive case in English. This is Tom’s car.
4. A noun having more than one broken plural. ‫ابيات القصيدة طويلة‬
5. A cognate accusative object.‫انتصر الجيش انتصارا كبيرا‬
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1.
Q: 3 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you
think are false:
1. A circumstantial adverb can be found in )‫)تطير الطائرة فوق السحاب‬. F: it’s an adverb of place
2. The word (replays) is made up of two morphemes. F: 3 morphemes
3. An Arabic noun which is feminine in signification, not in form is (‫)دعاء‬. F: it’s feminine
in both
4. A noun with dual gender having a personal reference is (musician). T
5. An object of purpose can be found in (‫)حقق الجيش انتصارا كبيرا‬. F: it’s a direct object
6. The verb (break) has got four morphological forms. F: 5 morphological forms
The underlined noun in (‫ )سار احمد والساقية‬is in the -------------- case.
nominative genitive accusative indicative

2. The word --------------- does not include an inflectional suffix.

player playing plays played

3. The word "researchers" is made up of ---------- morphemes. two three four

five
4. An illustration of a noun in the genitive case is -------------------------
‫كاتب الرواية مبدع زرنا المتحف الوطني‬ ‫سافرنا فجرا‬ ‫رمى علي الكرة‬

5. The sentence ----------------- includes a plural invariable noun.

I wanted to study linguistics. The sick should get medical care.
Is this pure gold? He's got news for you.

Q: 2 Exemplify for the following:

1. A noun morphologically marked for masculine gender. The bridegroom has arrived.
2. An Arabic noun which is feminine in signification, not in form. ‫جاءت مريم‬
3. A noun in the nominative case. ‫العل ُم نو ر‬
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1.
4. A modal auxiliary verb. He can swim.
5. A noun with dual gender having non – personal reference. His cat is missing.

Q: 3 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you
think are false:
1. A cognate accusative object can be found in )‫) سجدت شكرا هلل‬. F: it’s an object of purpose.
2. The word (Creators) is made up of two morphemes. F: 3 morphemes
3. An example of unreal feminine gender is the word (‫)عين‬. T
4. Arabic has two number contrasts singular and plural. F: three number contrasts
5. The verb (buy) has got five morphological forms. F: 4 morphological forms
6. An example of an open word class item is the word (their). F: it’s a close word class item
The underlined noun in (‫ )قرأت كتاب النحو‬is in the -------------- case.
accusative genitive nominative subjunctive

2. I gave it to the --------- mother. children's childrens'

children childrens’s

3. The word "meaninglessness" is made up of ---------- morphemes. two

three four five
4. An illustration of a noun in the accusative case is -------------------------
‫األمان أمل اإلنسان‬ ‫المحتاجونَ يطلبونَ العون‬ ‫جاء الفائزان‬ ‫مر القطار بمحطات كثيرة‬
َّ

5. The sentence ----------------- includes a noun with dual gender (personal

reference).
Adam is a good driver. My uncle has arrived.
This is such a nice little cat. The king is dead.

Q: 2 Exemplify for the following:

1. A circumstantial adverb. ‫عاد الطالب سعيدا‬
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1.
2. An Arabic noun which is feminine in both signification and form. ‫جاءت ليلى‬
3. Allomorphs of the plural morpheme. cats /s/, dogs /z/, dishes /iz/
4. A primary auxiliary verb. We are studying grammar now.
5. A plural invariable noun. Scissors are dangerous for babies.

Q: 3 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you
think are false:

1. A place adverbial can be found in )‫) سافرنا ليل‬. F: it’s a time adverbial
2. The word (carefulness) is made up of two morphemes. F: 3 morphemes
3. An example of unreal feminine gender is the word (‫)حمزة‬. F: ‫صحراء‬
4. English has three number contrasts singular, dual and plural. F: Arabic
5. The verb (find) has got five morphological forms. F: 4 morphological forms
6. An example of an open word class item is the word (friendly). T
What type of morpheme is the suffix 'er' in the word ' reader '?
inflectional derivational free none of the answers is
correct

2. The word ------------- is not included within closed word classes. quickly
his before however

3. The word " Teacher’s " is made up of ---------- morphemes. one two
three four

4. An illustration of a noun in the nominative case is -------------------------

‫ما كريم نادم‬ ‫ياعبد هللا اقبل‬ ‫ان االطفال في الساحة‬ ‫اكرمت الضيوف‬

5. A circumstantial adverb can be found in ---------------

 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1.
‫يعالج الطبيب المريض‬ ‫يذهب التلميذ الى المدرسة صباحا‬ ‫سرتُ وسور الحديقة اقبل صديقي مسرورا‬

Q: 2 Exemplify for the following:

1. A noun morphologically marked for feminine gender (non - personal reference). A
lioness is a female lion
2. The genitive case in Arabic. ‫يلعب االطفال في الساح ة‬
3. An Arabic noun which is feminine in form, not in signification. ‫جاء حمزة‬
4. A singular invariable noun. I will study linguistics.
5. An irregular lexical verb. She ate an apple.

Q: 3 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you
think are false:

1. Invariable plural nouns can refer to something that is composed of more than one part.
T
2. The word (Reconsideration) is made up of four morphemes. F: 3 morphemes
3. The underlined noun in (‫ )استيقظ الفلح نشيطا‬is in the genitive case. F: in the accusative case
4. A noun with dual gender having a personal reference is (uncle). F: (friend)
5. An object of purpose can be found in (‫)انتصر الجيش انتصارا كبيرا‬. F: it’s a cognate object
6. The verb (eat) has got four morphological forms. F: 5 morphological forms
An example of the genitive case in Arabic can be found in --------
- ‫حقيبة التلميذ جديدة‬ ‫الحقيبة جديدة‬ ‫ان الحقيبة جديدة‬ ‫كانت الحقيبة جديدة‬
2. An example of a noun with personal reference having a common gender is --
---------- servant infant queen uncle

3. The word " preschooler " is made up of ---------- bound morpheme(s).

one two three zero
4. ----------------- does not include a noun in the accusative case.
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1.
‫رمى الطفل الكرة‬ ‫جئتُ وشروق الشمس‬ ‫جاءت الفتيات‬ ‫وقف الطالب احتراما للمعلم‬

5. An example of an open word class item is the word: after

significantly three those

Q: 2 Exemplify for the following:

1. A sentence having two primary auxiliaries. I have been studying Spanish for two years
2. A broken plural in the nominative case. ‫الطل ب ناجحون‬
3. An Arabic basic quadriliteral verb. ‫زحزح الحجر من الطريق‬
4. An irregular plural. The children are happy
5. A noun which is feminine in signification, not in form. ‫سلمت على هند‬

Q: 3 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you
think are false:
1. The word (nonsmoker) is made up of two morphemes. F: 3 morphemes
2. The nominative case is used for the subject of ‘inna. F: the subject of kaana
3. An example of the genitive case can be found in the sentence ) ‫)عادت الطفلة سعيدة‬. F:
accusative case
4. The verb (cut) has four morphological forms. F: 3 morphological forms
5. An example of inflectional morphology is illustrated in the word (wanted). T
6. Derivational suffixes never change the grammatical category of the word to which they
are attached. F: inflectional suffixes
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1.
The nominative case is used for -------------------------------
The comment of kaana the object of a transitive verb
the subject of a verbal sentence the topic of inna

2. The word --------------- is a noun morphologically marked for masculine gender.

hostess bridegroom heroine lioness

3. The word " Misleading " is made up of ---------- bound morpheme(s). one
two three zero
4. An instance of a plural invariable noun is the word --------------
furniture news linguistics the
rich
5. An object of purpose can be found in ------------------
‫أقف احترا ًما لوالدي‬ ‫سار حسن والشارع‬ ‫أدافع عن بلدي دفاع األبطال‬ ‫كسى الثلج األرض‬

Q: 2 Exemplify for the following:

1. Unreal / unnatural feminine gender. ‫الصحراء منطقة قاحلة‬
2. A broken plural in the genitive case. ‫سلمت على الطل ب‬
3. An Arabic basic triconsonantal verb. ‫كتب الطالب الدرس‬
4. A primary auxiliary verb used as a main verb. He is busy
5. Allomorphs of the past tense morpheme. fixed /t/, played /d/, wanted /id/

Q: 3 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you
think are false:
1. The word (Prehistoric) is made up of two morphemes. F: 3 morphemes
2. The noun in (‫ )حضرت المهندسات‬is in the accusative case. F: it’s in the nominative case
3. The (–s) genitive case is used with both animate and inanimate head nouns. F: with
animate head nouns only
6.
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1.
4. The verb (come) has four morphological forms. T
5. An example of inflectional morphology is illustrated in the word (systematically). F:
derivational morphology
An example of a regular plural is the word (mice). F: irregular plural
An example of a primary auxiliary verb can be found in -------------
I was talking to my brother yesterday I will give you another opportunity
We thought that people would buy this book They can’t go too far by now

2. The word --------------- does not include a derivational suffix.

lawyer visitor smarter driver

3. The word " Rebuilding " is made up of ---------- bound morpheme(s). two
three one zero
4. A circumstantial adverb can be found in ---------------
‫سرتُ والنيل‬ ‫رجع المسافر سعيدا‬ ‫درس دراسة الطامحين‬ ‫يقف المصلون وراء اإلمام‬

5. A singular invariable noun is ---------------------- the old glasses

mathematics scissors

Q: 2 Exemplify for the following:

1. An Arabic noun in the genitive case. ‫قرأت كتاب النحو‬
2. An Arabic noun which is feminine in signification and in form. ‫فازت دعاء‬
3. A dual noun in the nominative case. ‫الطالبان ذكيان‬
4. A modal auxiliary verb. She may arrive tomorrow
5. A noun with common gender in English. The baby is asleep

Q: 3 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you
think are false:

6.
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1.
1. Inflectional suffixes always come final in a word. T
2. The word (Irresistible) is made up of two morphemes. F: 3 morphemes
3. The underlined noun in (‫ )جاء خالد غاضبا‬is in the genitive case. F: it’s in the accusative case
4. The verb (‫ )اخرج‬is a basic (mujarrad) verb. F: it’s a derived verb
5. The verb (make) has got five morphological forms. F: 4 morphological forms
The word (beautifully) has got one bound morpheme. F: 2 bound morphemes
A noun which is feminine in signification, not in form is ------------------
‫مريم‬ ‫شيماء‬ ‫طلحة‬ ‫هدى‬

2. Words in a language consist of one element or elements of meaning called -----------------

allomorphs morphemes phonemic realizations open word classes

3. The word " Reviewed " is made up of ---------- morphemes.

one two three four
4. An illustration of a noun in the genitive case is -------------------------
‫األمان أمل اإلنسان‬ ‫المحتاجونَ يطلبونَ العون‬ ‫كرم المدير المتفوقين‬ ‫وصلنا صباحا‬

5. The sentence ----------------- includes a noun with common gender. He is a good teacher.
His father travelled last night.
The baby started to cry. The bride was dressed in white.

Q: 2 Exemplify for the following:

1. An object of purpose. ‫وقفت احتراما لمعلمي‬
2. An Arabic noun which is feminine in both signification and form. ‫زهراء طالبة مجتهدة‬
3. Allomorphs of the present tense morpheme. talks /s/, enjoys /z/, watches /iz/
4. A dual noun in the genitive case. ‫سلمت على الطالبين‬

6.
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1.
5. A singular invariable noun. He will study physics

Q: 3 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you
think are false:

1. English verbs are inflected for gender and dual number. F: Arabic verbs
2. The word (friendlier) is made up of two morphemes. F: 3 morphemes
3. Pronouns are included within closed word classes. T
4. The verb (‫ )استغفر‬is a basic / mujarrad verb. F: it’s derived
5. The verb (see) has got four morphological forms. F: 5 morphological forms
One distinguishing property of Arabic words is multiple membership. F: English words

6.
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1.
An example of derivational morphology is illustrated in the word ----------
teaches prettier helper stories

2. The word ------------- is not included within open word classes. foolish
butter yourself grow

3. The word " unhappily " is made up of ---------- morphemes. one two
three four
4. An illustration of a noun in the accusative case is -------------------------
ُ
‫يبحث اإلنسان عن األمان‬ ‫هنأتُ الفائزين‬ ‫ذهبتُ الى حديقة الطيور‬ ‫حضرت المعلمات‬

5. An object of purpose can be found in ---------------

‫قطعتُ الطريق‬ ‫جرى العداء جريا سريعا تصدقت على الفقير أم ا ًل في الثواب‬ ‫شرب المريض الدواء صباحا‬
‫راكضا‬

Q: 2 Exemplify for the following:

1. A noun morphologically marked for feminine gender (personal reference). The princess
is sad
2. The genitive case in English. This is Ali’s book
3. A dual noun in the genitive case. ‫مررت بالفلً َحين‬
4. A lexical regular verb. He played tennis
5. An Arabic noun which is feminine in signification, not in form. ‫فازت مريم‬

Q: 3 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you
think are false:

1. An example of genitive case in Arabic can be found in (‫)قرأت مقدمة الكتاب‬. T

2. The word (treatment) has an inflectional suffix. F: a derivational suffix
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1.
3. An instance of a plural invariable noun is the word (linguistics). F: a singular invariable
noun
4. The genitive case is used for place and time adverbials. F: the accusative case
5. Pronouns are included within open word classes. F: within close word classes
6. The verb (sing) has got four morphological forms. F: 5 morphological forms
The underlined noun in (‫ )ال طالب علم مذموم‬is in the -------------- case.
accusative genitive nominative subjunctive

2. An example of an open word class item is the word ----------------------

success between because herself

3. The word " unpresentable" is made up of ---------- bound morpheme(s). one

two three zero
4. An illustration of a circumstantial adverb is -------------------------
‫علمت ان االمتحان غدا‬ ‫قاتل الجنود دفاعا عن وطنهم‬ "‫"ورتل القرآن ترتيل‬ ‫جاء الطفل خائفا‬

5. The sentence ----------------- includes a noun with dual gender.

We thanked our host. Their little boy is very sick.
My brother lives in Rome. I've made a lot of friends.

Q: 2 Exemplify for the following:

1. A noun in the nominative case. ‫نجح الطال ب‬
2. An Arabic noun which is feminine in both signification and form. ‫نجحت هيفاء‬
3. Allomorphs of the past tense morpheme. walked /t/, played /d/, wanted /id/
4. A basic (mujarrad) triconsonantal verb. ‫فاز فريقنا‬
5. A singular invariable noun. We have a lot of homework

Q: 3 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you
think are false:
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1.
1. The word (actor) is a noun with dual gender. F: (student)
2. The word (regrouping) is made up of two morphemes. F: 3 morphemes
3. An example of real feminine gender is the word (‫)حديقة‬. F: unreal feminine gender
4. English and Arabic verbs are inflected for gender. F: only Arabic verbs
5. The verb (take) has got four morphological forms. F: 5 morphological forms
6. An example of an open word class item is the word (high). T
The underlined noun in (‫ )قطف الفلح ثمار الحقل‬is in the -------------- case.
nominative genitive accusative jussive

2. The word --------------- includes an inflectional suffix. blindness calmly

purposeful corners

3. The word " disengagements " is made up of ---------- morphemes. two

three four five

4. An example of a noun which is feminine in signification, not in form is the

word --------- ‫حمزة‬ ‫ريم‬ ‫سناء‬ ‫سلوى‬

5. --------- is a plural invariable noun.

semantics furniture news the old

Q: 2 Exemplify for the following:

1. A noun with dual gender (personal reference). He is my best friend
2. A noun in the genitive case in English. The window of my room is broken
3. A noun with personal reference morphologically marked for masculine gender. The
widower is sad
4. A primary auxiliary verb used as a main verb. She has a new bag
5. An Arabic derived verb. ‫استغفر المؤمن ربه‬
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1.
Q: 3 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you
think are false:

1. A cognate accusative object can be found in )‫) نعبد هللا طمعا في مغفرته‬. F: it’s an object of
purpose
2. The word (fearlessly) is made up of two morphemes. F: 3 morphemes
3. An example of derivational morphology is illustrated in the word (walked). F: inflectional
morphology
4. An inflectional morpheme is added to a word to assign a particular grammatical
property. T
5. The verb (know) has got four morphological forms. F: 5 morphological forms
6. A noun in the nominative case is found in ( ‫)نظمت العمل تنظيم ا‬. F: A noun in the accusative
case The accusative case is used for ------------------------------- the topic of kaana
the topic of maa the subject of a verbal sentence the topic of inna

2. An example of derivational morphology is illustrated in the word -----------

----- Ali’s speeches unlucky liked

3. The word " unfashionable " is made up of ---------- morphemes. one

two three four
4. An instance of a singular invariable noun is the word -------------- glasses
mathematics the poor shorts

5. An object of purpose can be found in ------------------

‫سافر االب طلبا للرزق‬ ‫سار الصياد وشاطئ البحر‬ ‫قاتل الجنود قتاال شديدا‬ ‫كرم المدير الناجحين‬

Q: 2 Exemplify for the following:

1. The (of) genitive case. The door of the class is closed
2. A masculine sound plural in the genitive case. ‫سلمت على المهندسين‬
3. Unreal / unnatural feminine gender. ‫اشرقت الشمس‬
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1.
4. A verb having three morphological forms. The child cut his finger
5. Allomorphs of the present tense morpheme. sleeps /s/, plays /z/, judges /iz/

Q: 3 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you
think are false:

1. The word (grandfathers) is made up of two morphemes. F: 3 morphemes

2. The noun in (‫ )ال رجل في الدار‬is in the nominative case. F: in the accusative case
3. Derivational morphemes may change the part of speech of a word. T
4. The verb (meet) has five morphological forms. F: 4 morphological forms
5. A derivational morpheme is found in the sentence (This is Betty’s dessert). F: an
inflectional morpheme
6. Prepositions are included within open word classes. F: within close word classes
PRACTICE ON ARABIC SENTENCE ELEMENTS
A: Identify the subject in each of the following sentences, and write down its type:

.1 ‫اعطاني محمد قلما‬

The subject is an explicit noun

َ ‫سأ‬
.2 َ‫غُُ اد ُِر اآلن‬ َ
Implicit/implied pronoun (‫)انا‬

.3 ‫يطُ ِرب ُني ِ َما قلُتهَُُ مِن شِع ر‬

Infinitive verbal noun (‫)يطربني قولك الشعر‬

.4 ‫آمنتُ باهلل‬
Enclitic pronoun (‫)تاء الفاعل‬

.5 ‫بخَُ ي ر‬
ِ ُ َُ َ‫س ِعدُني ِ أنَك‬
ُ ‫ي‬
Infinitive verbal noun (‫)يسعدني كونك بخير‬

.6 ‫المدرس ي ُخلِص في عمله‬

Implicit/implied pronoun (‫)هو‬

.7 ‫صلى المؤمنون‬
The subject is an explicit noun

.8 ‫ضُرب الولدان‬
There is no subject. The sentence is in the passive voice. (‫ )الولدان‬is deputy agent.

.9 ‫أكتبْ الدرس‬
Implicit/implied pronoun (‫)انت‬
B: Identify the topic in each of the following sentences, and write down its type:

َ ‫نحَُْ ُن‬
.1 َ‫صائ ُمون‬
Pronoun

.2 ُ‫في الخِ زَ انةَُِ كُت ب‬

Noun

َ ‫ان‬
.3 ‫طائ ِر‬ ِ ‫ص‬َ َُ‫َبيْنَ األ ْغ‬
Noun

.4 ‫يد هللا فوق أيديهم‬

Noun

.5 ‫أنتم عباد هللا‬

Pronoun

َ ‫أنَتَ َحدِيثكَ ُُ ُم‬

.6 ‫ش ِ ِو ق‬
Pronoun

.7 ‫اين بيتك؟‬
Noun

.8 ‫معي نقود‬
Noun
 .9 ‫ان تذهب الى المدرسة خير لك‬
Infinitive verbal noun (‫)ذهابك‬

ْ ‫ومن اِياته‬
.10 ‫أن خلقكم من تراب‬
Infinitive verbal noun (‫)خلقكُم‬
C: Identify the comment in each of the following sentences, and write down its type:

.1 ‫الباب‬
َ ‫النجار يصنع‬
Verbal sentence

.2 ‫الكتاب فوق المكتب‬

Locative adverb

.3 ‫الصورة الوانها رائعة‬

Nominal sentence

‫انتم مهذبون‬
.4
Adjective

.5 ‫هللا نعمه عظيمة‬

Nominal sentence

.6 ‫المباراة بعد المغرب‬

Temporal adverb

.7 ‫األسد يفترس الغزالة‬

Verbal sentence

.8 ‫البركة في البكور‬
Prepositional phrase
Adjective .9 ‫أرض الوطن غالية‬

10. ‫الصائمون يدخلون من باب الريان‬

Verbal sentence

PRACTICE ON ENGLISH SENTENCE ELEMENTS

(A): IDENTIFY THE SUBJECT IN EACH SENTENCE:
1. The new manager of the office received a warm welcome.
2. These Web sites will be useful.
3. Learning a language is difficult.
4. What President Aquino wants is political stability.
5. That sounds great. [here (That) functions as a pronoun]
6. What he said was funny.
7. May I call you a taxi or something?
8. Keep those children quiet. (NONE) (NO SUBJECT, IMPERATIVE
SENTENCE)
9. The mother and her little baby seem very happy.

(B): IDENTIFY THE DIRECT OBJECT IN EACH SENTENCE:

1. I passed him the bottle.
2. She sent many e-mail messages.
3. The new manager of the office received a warm welcome.
4. The girl is now a student at a large university. (none)
5. I met her this morning.
6. He dyed his hair blonde.
7. She is in her office now. (none)
 8. She loves her job.
9. The writer sold his publisher a three-part story.
10. She felt her forehead but did not detect a temperature.

(C): IDENTIFY THE INDIRECT OBJECT IN EACH SENTENCE:

1. Paul hired a bicycle. (none)
2. I promised the children a trip to the zoo.
3. Jenny made Dad a cake.
4. May I call you a taxi or something?
5. He got her a splendid present.
6. The judge showed the jury the photographs.
7. They are singing a song for their audience. (prepositional phrase functioning as an
indirect object) (prepositional object)
8. I pay her a visit every week.
9. The students asked him many questions.
10. He left me a thousand pounds.

(D): IDENTIFY THE SUBJECT COMPLEMENT IN EACH SENTENCE:

1. His brother grew happier gradually.
2. She is in her office now. (none)
3. Jill is a bus driver.
4. He dyed his hair blonde. (none)
5. Mr. Jones has become the chief executive officer of the company.
6. That garbage smells terrible.
7. The children are tired.
8. He will get a surprise. (none)
 9. The sea is beautiful even in winter.
10. She becomes sleepy after she reads.

(E): IDENTIFY THE OBJECT COMPLEMENT IN EACH SENTENCE:

1. She loves her job. (none)
2. He dyed his hair blonde.
3. The detectives asked Amy lots of questions. (none)
4. The citizens considered the earthquake a disaster.
5. The people elected the young candidate governor.
6. He got his shoes wet.
7. He called the man a liar.
8. Keep those children quiet.
9. May I call you a taxi or something? (none)
10. My son painted me a beautiful picture. (none)

(F): IDENTIFY THE ADVERBIAL IN EACH SENTENCE:

1. Brenna felt sick this morning.
2. She is in her office now.
3. Your sister seems upset. (none)
4. The porter will take your luggage upstairs.
5. It feels cold today.
6. He called the man yesterday.
7. He got through the window.
8. In the evening, Geoff becomes tired.
9. It gets dark earlier in winter.
 10. He is making his children dinner. (none)

‫ مراجعة‬Choose
the correct answer:
1. An example of a mandative subjunctive mood can be found in -----------

I wish he were there.

It is imperative that the game begin at once
She must break the record
It'll be easier if she takes the money

2. An illustration of a verb in the subjunctive mood is:

‫ال تسرع في السير الطالبان كتبا الدرس‬ ‫لم ينقطع نزول المطر‬ ‫أرجو أن يهطل المطر‬

3. An illustration of a verb in the indicative mood is:

‫ما كان هللا ليظلم عباده أنت تعفو عن المسيء‬ ‫ال تكثر من الضحك‬ َ ‫ألحاف‬
‫ظن على تراب وطني‬

4. An example of blending is the word ----------------- chunnel exam USA flu

5. The word ------------ contains a class – changing prefix.

disorder empower uncover misunderstand

6. The word (‫ )طبرخازي‬is an illustration of the sub- category of ---------- blending.

verbal nominal nationality adjectival

7. The word -------- includes an adjective suffix.

nationality purposeful widen quickly

8. The sentence ------------------------- contains an uninflected verb.

‫ان تدرس تنجح‬ ‫التندم على قول الحق‬ ‫يسرني أن أرافقك‬ ‫تمهل في سيرك‬

9. An example of perfective aspect can be found in ---------- The boys are playing outside
I have written a novel
She travelled to Moscow Children go to school every day
10. A verb in the indicative mood can be found in -----
Where have the children gone? Clean your room
My mother demanded he leave at once If I were in her situation, I would never drive
Decide whether the following statements are true or false and correct those which you think
are false:
1. (Long live the Queen) is an instance of a mandative subjunctive mood. F: formulaic
subjunctive mood

2. The subjunctive mood is the verb form used to explore a hypothetical situation. T

3. The verb in the indicative mood lacks the -s suffix that appears on the 3rd person
singular verb. F: in the subjunctive mood

4. When we make basic statements or ask questions, we use the subjunctive mood. F: the
indicative mood

5. Clipping involves fusing two independent lexical items. F: Clipping involves shortening
of long words by deleting syllables

6. The word (‫ )حمدل‬is an example of nominal blending. F: verbal blending

7. An example of a compound adjective is found in the word (sunset). F: (open – minded)

8. The word (enlarge) contains a class – changing prefix. T

9. The verb in the sentence (We are travelling to Rome) is in the perfective aspect. F: in the
progressive aspect

10. A subjunctive mood is a form of a verb that expresses an order or a request. F: An

imperative mood
‫ مراجعة للمتحان الشهري الثاني‬Q:
1 Choose the correct answer:
1. An instance of obligatory fronting of the comment can be found in -----------

ُ‫لِلَُ ُ ا ْل َم ْش ِرقُ َوا ْل َم ْغ ِرب‬

ِ ِ ‫ َو‬/ ‫ ممنوع الدخول‬/ ‫ ما في القري ِة إ ال أهلها‬/ ‫فوق الطاولة الكتاب‬
2. A postponement device can be found in ----------------
It was my mother who taught me to cook / In front of me was the president
This topic I do not like / My car was stolen yesterday by my neighbour

3. Don’t waste my time, -----------------------------? won’t you will you would you
could you

4. An instance of fronting can be found in -------------------

There is no place like home / What I need is some money
It was in 1999 that I graduated / The car was stolen by him

5. The word order (VSO) is fixed in ---------------------------------

‫ شكرني خالد‬/ ‫ يرعى الشجرة غارسها‬/ ‫ ساعدناك‬/ ‫كتب الرسالة محمد‬

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct the wrong ones:
1. The sentence (It was splendid that you could come to-day) is an example of it - clefts. (F)
an example of extraposition.

2. (What) is used to ask about the subject in (What does Mary keep in the yard?). (F)
asking about the object.

3. The sentence (‫ )قرأ الكتاب محمد‬represents an instance of optional fronting of the object. (T)

4. The question (Can you help me with this project?) performs the function of a suggestion.
(F) It performs the function of a request.

5. When the object is an independent pronoun in Arabic, it is optionally fronted. (F)

obligatory

Q: 3 Decide whether the fronted element in each of the following sentences is (S. / D.O. / I.O.
/ SC / OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME):
1. It was a book that John stole from the library last week.
D.O. 2. Jenny you may call me. OC
3. In front of me was the president of Egypt. ADV OF PLACE
4. Very tired all the players felt. SC
5. So strange the situation was. SC

Q:4 Exemplify for the following:

1. A question performing the function of a suggestion. Why don’t you come with me?
2. The fixed word order (VOS). ‫اسعدني حضورك‬
3. An instance of thematization in which the fronted element is the direct object. This
problem
I can’t ignore.
4. A cleft sentence in which the clefted element is an adverb of time. It is in winter that
they travel to see the snow.
5. (What) used to ask about the subject. What is in the garage?
Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (five only)

1. The fronted element in the sentence (A homeless man he became) is: direct object
indirect object subject complement object complement

2. Don’t behave like that, -----------------------------? won’t you will you

would you do you

3. A fronting device can be found in ----------------

There are many leaves on the ground What the boys are doing is taking Sandy to the
match A decision has been made by the group At the top of the stairs stood Mr. Jack.

4. The sentence ----------------- is not an instance of obligatory fronting of the comment.

‫في الجامعة مكتبة‬ ‫اين الطلب؟‬ ‫في الدار اهلها‬ ‫في المدرسة التلميذ‬

5. The sentence ----------------- is not an example of thematic postponement.

It is a pleasure to teach her It was last night that Mary visited her mother
What I need is a new car The device was tested by me

6. The fronted element in (It was a book that John borrowed from Linda last week) is:
DO IO SC OC

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct the wrong ones:
(five only)

1. The fronted element in (A nice story he told us) is the indirect object. F: D.O.

2. An example of fronting is (What I should do now is not clear). F: Postponement

3. The fixed word order (VOS) is found in (‫)زارني صديقي‬. T

4. The sentence (‫ )رغيفا أكل خالد‬represents an instance of obligatory fronting of the object.
F: Optional
5. (It's a nuisance that the banks are closed on Saturday) is an example of thematization.
F: Extraposition
Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term

6. (Why don’t you come with me?) is a question which performs the function of a request.
F: Suggestion

Q: 3 Decide whether the fronted element in each of the following sentences is (S. / D.O. /
I.O. / SC / OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (five only)
1. It was at Oxford that David studied English. ADV OF PLACE

2. Delicious these cakes seem. SC

3. It was Alice that my brother married in 1999. D.O.

4. Some peace and quiet I need. D.O.

5. It was the top science prize that the girls won yesterday. D.O.

6. It was to the library that I went. ADV OF PLACE

Q:4 Exemplify for the following: (five only)

1. A wh- question asking about frequency. How often do you visit your grandfather?

2. The fixed word order (VSO). ‫ساعدناك‬

3. Obligatory fronting of the object. ‫يقرأ القصيدة شاعرها‬

4. A rhetorical question. Who cares?

5. An example of extraposition. It is nice to meet you.

6. Thematization in which the fronted element is the adverb of place. At Oxford David
studied English.
Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (five only)

1. He's got a lot of problems, ------------------------?

has he hasn't he doesn’t he isn’t he

2. An instance where the word order is fixed is found in -------------------- ‫قصة‬ ‫عليا ً اكرمت‬
‫اخذتهم الصيحة‬ ‫رسم لوحة الفنان‬ ‫كتب علي‬

3. An instance of obligatory fronting of the object can be found in ----------- ‫سربا من الطيور‬
‫أكل التفاحة محمد‬ ‫سرني قدومك اليوم‬ ‫شاهد المباراة احمد‬ ‫شاهد ت‬

4. (What) is used to ask about the subject in ------------------------ What does smoking
cause? What do you want to drink?
What damaged my house? What did the earthquake damage?

5. An instance of fronting can be found in -------------------

What I want is some peace and quiet It was my father that you spoke to on the
phone The lecturer was impressed by your essay There were few ghosts around

6. The fronted element in the sentence (Skillful he wasn’t) is:

D.O. I.O. SC OC

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct the wrong ones:
(five only)

7. English has two major types of questions and two minor types of questions. F: three
major types
8. An example of a question performing the function of a request is (What about opening
your present now?) F: Suggestion

9. The fronted element in the sentence (Happy he made her) is the direct object. F: OC
Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term

10. The sentence (It surprised everybody that he won the race) is an example of pseudo -
clefts. F: Extraposition 11. The sentence ( ‫الثمر اال الفل ح‬
َ ‫ )ما قطف‬is an instance of optional
fronting of the object. F: Obligatory

12. (Why can’t he swim?) is an example of a negative yes / no question. F: Negative Wh

– question

Q: 3 Decide whether the fronted element in each of the following sentences is (S. / D.O. /
I.O. / SC / OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (five only)
7. That story I will tell you another time. D.O.

8. In the doorway stood my mother. ADV OF PLACE

9. Sad the boy looks. SC

10. It was English that David studied at Oxford. D.O.

11. Jack his name was. SC

12. For seven hours, the students studied. ADV OF TIME

Q:4 Exemplify for the following: (five only)

7. An example of a pseudo-cleft sentence. What he did was strange.

8. An instance of it - clefts in which the fronted element is the direct object.

It was English that David studied at Oxford.
9. Optional fronting of the comment. ‫في المتحف الزوار‬

10. A question used to perform the function of a request. Can you pass me the salt?

11. An example of extraposition. It was odd meeting her in Rome.

12. An alternative question. Do you like to drink coffee or tea?

Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (five only)

1. We've never met, -------------- haven't we? have we?

didn’t we? did we?

2. An instance of fronting can be found in -------------------

It was in Oxford that my brother married Alice It is easy to please John
What I need now is a cup of tea The ball was kicked by Chester

3. The fixed word order (VOS) is found in ------------------------ ‫رأيناه‬

‫اياك نحترم‬ ‫كتب الرواية علي‬ ‫اسعدني حضورك‬

4. An instance of optional fronting of the comment can be found in ------

------ ‫في الجامعة المكتبة‬ ‫ما في الغرفة اال علي‬ ‫اين جامعتك؟‬ ‫في السيارة سائقها‬

5. (What) is used to ask about the subject in ------------------------ What

do you need? What was on the table?
What does your sister say? What does smoking cause?

6. The fronted element in the sentence (A wonderful day we spent) is:

D.O. I.O. SC OC

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct the wrong ones:
(five only)

13. Arabic allows optional fronting of the comment when it is an interrogative particle. F:
It is obligatory fronting
14. An example of a pseudo-cleft sentence is (What I didn't like was the end of the movie).
T
Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term

15. The sentence (‫ )سكن الدار صاحبها‬represents an instance of optional fronting of the object.
F: Obligatory fronting
16. Alternative questions are included within the minor types of questions in English. F:
Major types
17. The fronted element in the sentence (A great party it was) is direct object. F: SC

18. Optional fronting is realized when the object is an independent pronoun. F: It is

obligatory

Q: 3 Decide whether the fronted element in each of the following sentences is (S. / D.O. /
I.O. / SC / OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (five only)
13. A funny joke the little boy has told me. D.O.

14. A terrible journey it became. SC

15. Happy he made her. OC

16. At the back of the garden stood an old shed. ADV OF PLACE

17. It was your friend Suzy that I met. D.O.

18. It was in Paris where I met my wife. ADV OF PLACE

Q:4 Exemplify for the following: (five only)

13. It – cleft sentence in which the fronted element is an adverbial of time. It was in June
when I met you.
14. Optional fronting of the object. ‫كتب الرواية علي‬

15. A wh – question asking about an animate object. Whom did you meet?

16. An instance of postponement. The window was broken by Ali.

17. A negative wh - question. Why didn’t you travel yesterday?

18. A rhetorical question. Who knows?

 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

(five only)

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

‫ أكرمني علي‬.1 Optional fronting of the object can be found in --------------------

‫كتب الواجب الطالب يزرع االرض فلحوها‬ ‫ماذا كتبت؟‬

2. Don’t make any noise, ------------------------- won’t you? will you? do you? can
you?

3. An instance of fronting can be found in -------------------

It is easy to please John The window was broken by John A
nice story he told us There is a man at the door

4. ------------------ is your favourite singer ?

Whose What Who Why

5. The fixed word order (VOS) is found in ------------------------

‫كافأني المدير‬ ‫اياك نحترم كتب القصيدة الشاعر‬ ‫ساعدناك‬

6. The fronted element in the sentence (That behavior I didn’t like) is:
D.O. I.O. SC OC

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct the wrong ones: (five
only)

19. Rhetorical questions are included within the major types of questions in English. F: Minor
types
20. The sentence (‫ )يزرع االرض فلحوها‬represents an instance of optional fronting of the object. F:
Obligatory fronting

21. The fronted element in the sentence (It is in August that Mary is going on holiday) is a place
adverbial. F: Time adverbial
22. The sentence (What I want is some peace and quiet) is an example of pseudo - clefts. T 23. An

instance of fronting can be found in (There were few ghosts around). F: Postponement

24. A question is used to perform the function of a request in (How about visiting Sandra?). F:
Suggestion

Q: 3 Decide whether the fronted element in each of the following sentences is (S. / D.O. /
I.O. / SC / OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (five only)
19. Up the hill walked the four of us. ADV OF PLACE

20. A very expensive smartphone she bought. D.O.

21. A wonderful day it was. SC

22. For ten years, we have lived here. ADV OF TIME

23. It was Joe who ate the cake. S.

24. Horror movies I like. D.O.

Q:4 Exemplify for the following: (five only)

19. An example of passive voice used as a postponement device. The ball was kicked by John.

20. An instance of it - clefts in which the fronted element is the indirect object. It was Mary that
was given a dress by Mrs. Helen.
21. Optional fronting of the object. ‫كتب الواجب الطالب‬

22. A wh – question asking about possession. Whose car is this?

23. The fixed word order (VSO). ‫رأيناه‬

24. An exclamatory question. Hasn’t she grown?

 -2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

(five only)

Mustansiriya University 2022

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1. An instance of thematization can be found in -----------------------

That programme I always watch It was your sister that I met
What she was trying to do was earn his respect My laptop was stolen

2. The fixed word order (VOS) is found in ------------------------

‫كتب رواية علي‬ ‫حدثتني معلمتي‬ ‫فهمنا الدرس‬ ‫أكرمته‬

3. An instance of obligatory fronting of the object can be found in -----------

‫انقذ الغريق جمع غفير من الناس‬ ‫يقرأ الرواية علي كرمت المجتهدين المديرة‬ ‫يعشق االرض اصحابها‬

4. An instance of a rhetorical question can be found in ---------------------- Don't you care

about me? Have the boys eaten? Is she working today?
Why don’t we go for a walk?

5. He never came again, ---------------------- did he? didn’t he? does

he? doesn’t he?

6. The fronted element in the sentence (This type of behavior I can’t stand any longer) is:
D.O. I.O. SC OC

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct the wrong ones:
(five only)

25. The sentence (The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci) represents an
example of postponement. T
 26. The sentence (‫ )في الحديقة االزهار‬represents an instance of obligatory fronting of the
comment. F: Optional

27. The clefted element in the sentence (It was the pizza that Mina ate last night) is the
indirect object. F: D.O.

28. (It's a nuisance that the banks are closed on Saturday) is an example of it - cleft
sentence. F: Extraposition
29. (Who) is used to ask about the inanimate subject. F: Animate subject
30. Exclamatory questions are included within the major types of questions in English. F:
Minor

Q: 3 Decide whether the fronted element in each of the following sentences is (S. / D.O. /
I.O. / SC / OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (five only)
25. Very happy the mother and her little baby seem. SC

26. It was your friend Suzy that I met. D.O.

27. Out of the room came Mary. ADV OF PLACE 28. It was Mike who took Sally to the party

on Saturday. S.

29. That programme I always watch. D.O.

30. A liar he called me. OC

Q:4 Exemplify for the following: (five only)

25. Obligatory fronting of the comment. ‫اين المكتبة؟‬

26. An instance of it - clefts in which the fronted element is the adverbial of place. It was in
London where I met her.
27. A question performing the function of a suggestion. Why don’t we go for a walk?

28. The fixed word order (VSO). ‫رأيناه‬

 -2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

(five only)
29. An example of postponement. There was a terrible storm last night.

30. An alternative question. Are you staying or leaving?

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1. Nobody called, ------------------------ do they? didn't they? did they?

don’t they?

2. An instance of thematization can be found in -----------------------

That programme I always watch It was your sister that I met
What she was trying to do was unclear My laptop was stolen

3. An instance of optional fronting of the comment can be found in ------------

‫في قلبي االيمان‬ َّ ‫ما ناج ٌح إ‬
‫ال المجدُّ قرب الشاطئ صيادون‬ ‫للوطن أبطال ه‬
ِ

4. We use ------------------- to express surprise or shock or a strong emotion about something.

exclamations commands questions statements

5. The fixed word order (VSO) is found in ------------------------

‫ ساعدناكم‬/ ‫ كتب الشاعر قصيدتين‬/ ‫ قابلني اخوك‬/ ‫رحمه هللا‬

6. The fronted element in the sentence (This I do with all my heart) is:
D.O. I.O. SC OC

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct the wrong ones:
(five only)

31. A declarative sentence with rising intonation can have the same function of yes-no
questions. T
32. The sentence (It is a pity that he is no longer with us) is an example of it - clefts. F:
Extraposition
33. (What) is used to ask about the object in (What damaged your house?). F: Asking about
the subject
34. The fronted element in the sentence (Flowers he gave his mother) is indirect object. F:
D.O.

35. The sentence (‫ )يعشق االرض أصحابها‬represents an instance of optional fronting of the object.
F: Obligatory fronting
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

(five only)
36. (What difference does it make?) is an example of an exclamatory question. F: Rhetorical
question

Q: 3 Decide whether the fronted element in each of the following sentences is (S. / D.O. /
I.O. / SC / OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (five only)
31. Your mobile number I don’t know. D.O.

32. On the bench was a mug of coffee. ADV OF PLACE

33. Very satisfied she seems. SC

34. It is the Christmas dinner that our mother is cooking in our kitchen. D.O.

35. A little angle your baby is. SC

36. It was a silly question that Max asked the teacher. D.O.

Q:4 Exemplify for the following: (five only)

31. A cleft sentence in which the clefted element is the adverbial of time. It was in April
when we met
32. A negative yes / no - question. Why didn’t you pass the exam?

33. A wh – question asking about a limited number of choices. Which book did you read?

34. Optional fronting of the object. ‫قصيدة كتب الشاعر‬

35. A question performing the function of a request. Could you give me that file?

36. An example of postponement. The house was destroyed by an earthquake.

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer:

1. Don’t forget, ----------------- won’t you? will you?

don’t you? can you?

.2 The word order (VOS) is fixed in ---------------------------------

‫اما اليتيم فل تقهر‬ ‫اياك نعبد‬ ‫نصحني المعلم‬ ‫ساعدت الفتى‬

3. A fronting device can be found in ----------------

It is easy to answer your question There are five boys in the class
Your new car I like His bag was stolen by someone

The sentence --------------does not represent obligatory fronting.

‫ما أنار العقل اال‬ ‫ادبني معلمي تأديبا حسنا‬ ‫ يوم ال ينفع الظالمين معذرتهم انقذ الغريق جمع من الناس‬.4
‫العلم‬

5. An instance of postponement can be found in --------------------------- It was

Sally that Mike saw Tom his name is
Some games we won easily It is a mystery how she escaped

6. The fronted element in the sentence (These things I would like to give away)
is:
D.O. I.O. SC OC

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct the wrong ones:
(five only)

37. (What) is used to ask about the subject in (What did John break?). F: Asking about the
object
38. Exclamatory questions are included within the minor types of questions. T
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

(five only)
39. The sentence (What we gave her was some food) is an example of extraposition. F:
Pseudo - cleft
40. The fronted element in (powerful he has become) is the direct object. F: SC

41. The sentence (‫ )استلم الجائزة مستحقها‬represents an instance of optional fronting of the object.
F: Obligatory fronting
42. The clefted element in the sentence (It was the vase that Ann gave us) is the indirect
object. F: D.O.

Q: 3 Decide whether the fronted element in each of the following sentences is (S. / D.O. /
I.O. / SC / OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (five only)
37. Some cookies he gave me. D.O.

38. In the corner of the room stood an antique vase. ADV OF PLACE

39. Crazy that driver is. SC

40. It was in September when we were married. ADV OF TIME

41. An absolute fortune this house must have cost him. D.O.

42. It was John who spoke to Bill. S.

Q:4 Exemplify for the following: (five only)

37. A question used to perform the function of a suggestion. Why don’t we visit Mary?

38. An example of a pseudo-cleft sentence. What John did was unclear.

39. Obligatory fronting of the comment. ‫في المدرسة طلبها‬

40. An alternative question. Do you like to have apples or bananas?

41. A wh – question asking about an animate object. Whom did she meet?
42. A cleft sentence in which the clefted element is an adverb of place.
It was in London where she got married.
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term

Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (five only)

1. The fixed word order (VOS) is found in ------------------------ ‫زارني‬ ‫اعطيته المال‬ ‫ساعدناك‬
‫اياك نعبد‬ ‫صديقي‬

2. He never goes to bed before 10 o'clock, -----------------------------?

isn't he is he doesn't he does he

3. An instance of optional fronting of the comment can be found in -----------------------

‫فوق الشجرة العصفور في المتحف زواره‬ ‫ماخالق اال هللا‬ ‫لدينا احتفال‬

4. An instance of thematization can be found in -----------------------

This problem I can’t deal with It was Mrs. Smith that I met What's
really important to me is my family A letter was written by Rita

5. --------------------- is blocking the road? A lorry is blocking the road. Who Which
What Whose

6. The fronted element in the sentence (Very satisfied she seems) is:
D.O. I.O. SC OC

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct the wrong ones: (five only)

43. Arabic allows optional fronting of the object when it is an interrogative particle. F:It is
obligatory fronting
44. An example of a pseudo-cleft sentence is (It is a pity that he is no longer with us). F:
Extraposition
45. The sentence (‫ )اياك نحترم‬represents an instance of optional fronting of the object. F: Obligatory

46. Alternative questions are included within the major types of questions in English. T

47. The fronted element in the sentence (A very expensive gift he gave her) is object complement. F:
D.O.
48. The question (How about visiting Tom tomorrow at 2pm?) performs the function of a request. F:
Suggestion
 Q: 3 Decide whether the fronted element in each of the following sentences is (S. / D.O. /
I.O. / SC / OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (five only)
43. Behind the curtains hid my little sister. ADV OF PLACE

44. A very nice time we had yesterday. D.O.

45. It was my boss that sent the signed contract to his colleague on Tuesday. S.

46. Lucky is the person who lives in this country. SC

47. It was on Saturday when Mike took Sally to the party. ADV OF TIME

48. Two words I can say. D.O.

Q:4 Exemplify for the following: (five only)

43. It – cleft sentence in which the fronted element is the direct object.
It was a horse that the truck hit last week.
44. Obligatory fronting of the object. ‫ما يرفع االنسان اال العلم‬

45. A wh – question asking about an animate subject. Who broke the window?

46. An instance of postponement realized by passive voice. The thief was caught by the police.

47. A declarative question. He travelled last night?

48. An alternative question. Would you like to drink tea or coffee?

 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term

Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (five only)

1. (What) is used to ask about the subject in ------------------------ What books did you buy?
What did you wear?
What is in the garage? What has David lost?

2. The sentence --------------------------------- is not an example of postponement.

It is nice to see her It was last night that Mary visited her mother What I
need is a new car The device was tested by me

3. The sentence ----------------- is not an instance of obligatory fronting of the comment.

‫ في المدرسة التلميذ‬/ ‫ في الدار اهلها‬/ ‫ اين الطلب؟‬/ ‫في الجامعة مكتبة‬

4. ------------- afraid of the big bad wolf?

Who’s Whose Which How

5. Everyone came to the wedding, ------------------------? were they weren’t they did they
didn’t they

6. The fronted element in the sentence (Tom his name is) is:
D.O. I.O. SC OC

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct the wrong ones: (five only)

49. The sentence (‫ )اياك يحترم الناس‬represents an instance of obligatory fronting of the object. T

50. (There was a terrible storm last night) is an example of thematization. F: There construction

51. The fronted element in the sentence (This solution I can’t accept) is a subject complement. F:
D.O.

52. The sentence (It was in Paris where I met my wife) is an example of pseudo - clefts. F: It - cleft
53. The question (Could you call a taxi for me?) performs the function of a suggestion.
F: Request
54. (What) is used to ask about one of a limited number of things. F: Which

Q: 3 Decide whether the fronted element in each of the following sentences is (S. / D.O. /
I.O. / SC / OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (five only)
49. On the ground floor was a bookshop. ADV OF PLACE

50. It was a new car that my brother bought last Saturday. D.O.

51. Very bright the teachers considered the boy. OC

52. Into my house the strange man entered. ADV OF PLACE

53. It is the manager himself who wants to speak to you. S.

54. Very successful he became. SC

Q:4 Exemplify for the following: (five only)

49. An example of a pseudo – cleft sentence. What you did was strange.

50. An instance of it - clefts in which the fronted element is the time adverbial. It was in January
when we travelled.
51. Optional fronting of the comment. ‫في الحديقة البنت‬

52. A wh – question asking about duration. How long have you been living here?

53. The fixed word order (VOS). ‫كرمني المدير‬

54. A rhetorical question. What difference does it make?

Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term

Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (five only)

7. An instance of thematization can be found in -----------------------

There are many leaves on the ground What the boys are doing is odd
A decision has been made by the group On the corner of the street sat a homeless
man

8. The fixed word order (VOS) is found in ------------------------

‫ كرمني علي‬/ ‫ كرمت عليا‬/ ‫ كرم عليا المدير‬/ ‫عليا كرم المدير‬

9. Everybody was very happy, ------------------------?

were they weren’t they did they didn’t they

10. An instance of postponement can be found in ---------------------------

What I want is to be rich It was in 1999 that my brother married Alice
Very nice time we had yesterday This matter we have already dealt with at length

11. An instance of optional fronting of the object can be found in ---------------

‫أطعم الفقير إال الرحيم‬
َ ‫ما‬ ‫استلم الجائزة صاحب ها‬ ‫كرمتْ ال ُمجتهدِين ال ُمديرة‬ ‫كم رسالة كتبت‬

12. The fronted element in the sentence (That book I want) is:
D.O. I.O. SC OC

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct the wrong ones:
(five only)

55. The sentence (‫ )تفاحة اكل الطفل‬represents an instance of obligatory fronting of the object. F:
Optional fronting

56. The question (Could you help me finish my project?) performs the function of a
suggestion. F: Request
 57. The fronted element in (It was Tom whom Mary gave a book to) is the direct object. F:
I.O.

58. No auxiliary – subject inversion rule is required when asking about the object of the
statement. F: No auxiliary – subject inversion rule is required when asking about the
subject
59. An instance of postponement is (The window was broken by Tom). T
60. (It is not difficult to answer these questions) is an example of it - clefts. F: Extraposition

Q: 3 Decide whether the fronted element in each of the following sentences is (S. / D.O. /
I.O. / SC / OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (five only)
55. After the game all the players felt very tired. ADV OF TIME

56. Angry you made me. OC

57. It was the top science prize that the girls won yesterday. D.O.

58. It was in Oxford that my brother married Alice in 1999. ADV OF PLACE

59. His story I don’t believe. D.O.

60. Colourful the leaves are. SC

Q:4 Exemplify for the following: (five only)

55. Optional fronting of the comment. ‫في التأني السلمة‬

56. An instance of it - clefts in which the fronted element is the subject. It was Tom who won the
race.
57. An exclamatory question. Hasn’t he grown?

58. A negative wh - question. Why didn’t you come to the party?

59. It – cleft sentence in which the clefted element is the indirect object. It was Tom that was given
a present by Mr. John.
60. A taq question with an imperative sentence. Don’t talk, will you?
Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term
Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term
Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (five only)

1. Nobody left a message, ------------------------?

were they weren’t they did they didn’t they

2. An instance of extraposition can be found in ----------------

It was Sally that Mike took to the party It is a mystery how she escaped
How she escaped is a mystery There are six candles on his birthday cake

3. Optional fronting of the comment can be found in ------------------------

‫ فوق الحصان فارسه‬/ ‫ في الساحة االطفال‬/ ‫ في الحديقة ورود‬/ ‫اين كتابك؟‬

4. A question is not used to perform the function of a request in ------------

Could you call a taxi for me? Would you mind collecting my suit from the dry
cleaner’s? Can you help me with this project? What about playing another
game?

5. The fronted element in the sentence (It was Alice that my brother married in 1999) is ----
- subject direct object indirect object subject complement

6. An instance of obligatory fronting of the object can be found in ------------ ‫كلمني‬

‫سأل عليا زيد‬ ‫كلمته‬ ‫كتابين قرأ احمد‬ ‫سعيد‬

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct the wrong ones:
(five only)

61. Obligatory fronting of the comment is realized when it is an interrogative particle. T

62. (Why don’t we go for a walk?) is a rhetorical question. F: A question having the function
of a suggestion.
Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term

63. The fronted element in (It was the top science prize that the girls won) is the indirect
object. F: D.O.
64. Exclamatory questions are included within the major types of questions. F: Minor types

65. An example of a pseudo-cleft sentence is (It was to the library that I went). F: It - cleft
66. The sentence (‫ )ساعدتها اختها‬represents an instance of optional fronting of the object.
F: Obligatory fronting

Q: 3 Decide whether the fronted element in each of the following sentences is (S. / D.O. /
I.O. / SC / OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (five only)
61. It was after school that Max asked the teacher a silly question. ADV OF TIME

62. It was your friend Suzy that I met in the party. D.O.

63. Masha we named our baby girl. OC

64. It was in Paris where I met my wife. ADV OF PLACE

65. This topic I do not understand. D.O.

66. It was last night that Mary visited her mother. ADV OF TIME

Q:4 Exemplify for the following: (five only)

61. An instance of fixed word order in Arabic. ‫كافأناك‬

62. Obligatory fronting of the comment. ‫كيف حالك؟‬

63. A wh – question asking about an inanimate subject. What is on the table?

64. It – cleft sentence in which the clefted element is the subject. It was the truck that hit a
horse yesterday.
65. An example of extraposition. It was difficult to answer these questions.

66. Thematization in which the fronted element is the subject complement. A doctor he
became.
Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (five only)

5. The fronted element in the sentence (A very expensive camera he bought) is: direct
object indirect object subject complement object complement

6. None of the students arrived, -------------------?

did they didn’t they won’t they don’t they

7. A fronting device can be found in ----------------

There are few leaves on the ground What I need is a pen
The box was lifted by Ali It is my left leg that hurts

8. ------------------- do you prefer? The red one or the blue one?

What Who Whose Which

9. An instance of optional fronting of the comment can be found in ------------

‫ الى هللا المصير‬/ ‫ ما خالق اال هللا‬/ ‫ متى نصر هللا‬/ ‫عنده مال‬

10. An instance of postponement can be found in -----------------------

Home went John Strange are your dreams
It was in Rome that I saw Tom It was odd meeting you in Paris

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct the wrong ones:
(five only)

67. The sentence (‫ )يحمي الوطن اهله‬represents an instance of optional fronting of the object. F:
Obligatory fronting
68. (The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci) is an instance of extraposition. F:
Passive
Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term

69. The fixed word order (VOS) is found in (‫)كرم عليا المدير‬. F: ‫كرمني المدير‬

70. When the comment is an interrogative particle, it is optionally fronted. F: It is

obligatory

71. (What) is generally used in cases where there is a limited choice. F: Which

72. The fronted element in (It was the pizza that Mina ate last night) is the direct object. T

Q: 3 Decide whether the fronted element in each of the following sentences is (S. / D.O. /
I.O. / SC / OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (five only)
67. Very proud we are of him. SC

68. This morning Tom felt sick. ADV OF TIME

69. It was a chocolate cake that my mother made me yesterday. D.O.

70. Genius we consider him. OC

71. It was in California that Julia met her husband. ADV OF PLACE

72. Some games we won easily. D.O.

Q:4 Exemplify for the following: (five only)

67. A rhetorical question. Who knows?

68. An instance of it - clefts in which the fronted element is the time adverbial. It was in
July when he moved to Rome.
69. Optional fronting of the object. ‫يرمي الكرة الطفل‬

70. A wh – question asking about an inanimate object. What did you read?

71. A negative yes / no question. Why don’t we go to the party?

72. Thematization in which the fronted element is an adverb of place. In California Julia
met her husband.
Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (five only)

1. They have never been to Japan, -----------------------------?

haven’t they have they don’t they do they

2. An instance of optional fronting of the comment can be found in ------------

‫حار سها‬
ِ ِ‫أمام العمارة‬
َ ‫فوق الجبل المقاتلون‬ ‫وبينهما حجاب‬ ‫اين المفر‬

3. The fixed word order (VSO) is found in ------------------------

‫ ساعدناكم‬/ ‫ زارنا محمد‬/ ‫ أعجبني الدرس‬/ ‫اياه عالج الطبيب‬

4. A postponement device can be found in ----------------

The window was broken by John Up the hill walked the four of us
It was at Oxford that David studied English This topic I do not understand

5. A question is used to perform the function of a suggestion in ------------ Can I borrow

your laptop? Could you please turn off your cellphone? Will you fill out this
form? What about opening your present now?

6. The fronted element in (It was Sally that Mike took to the party on Saturday) is:
D.O. I.O. SC OC

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct the wrong ones:
(five only)

73. (What Tom loves is playing basketball) is an instance of pseudo – cleft sentences. T
Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term

74. The sentence (‫ )يغشاهم العذاب‬represents an instance of optional fronting of the object. F:
Obligatory
75. (It would be unwise to interfere) is an example of it - clefts. F: Extraposition

76. The sentence (‫ )ممنوع الدخول‬represents an instance of obligatory fronting of the comment.
F: Optional
77. An instance of thematization can be found in (It was Mrs. Smith that I met last month).
F: It – cleft
78. The clefted element in the sentence (It was a handbag that Tom gave to Mary at
Christmas) is the object complement. F: D.O.

Q: 3 Decide whether the fronted element in each of the following sentences is (S. / D.O. /
I.O. / SC / OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (five only)
73. It was from the library that John stole a book last week. ADV OF PLACE

74. Many e-mail messages she sent. D.O.

75. Very awful was the hotel room. SC

76. On Monday we got back home. ADV OF TIME

77. One other thing I probably should tell. D.O.

78. On the ground floor was a bookshop. ADV OF PLACE

Q:4 Exemplify for the following: (five only)

73. A cleft sentence in which the clefted element is the direct object. It was a car that he
bought.

74. An exclamatory question. Isn’t this fun?

75. A wh – question asking about an amount. How much sugar do you want?

76. Optional fronting of the object. ‫قصيدة كتب الشاعر‬

 77. Thematization in which the fronted element is an object complement. A liar we call
him.

78. An alternative question. Are you travelling in April or in May?

Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (five only)

1. You’ll be there, ----------------- won’t you? wouldn’t you? do you?

don’t you?

2. An instance of postponement can be found in -------------------

It was a book that Mary bought What Mary bought was a
book A book was bought A book Mary bought

3. An instance of obligatory fronting of the object can be found in -----------

‫قصد الملعب عدد من االطفال‬ ‫احترم الشيخ االطفال‬ ‫تداركت الخطأ هند‬ ‫أعانني زميلي‬

4. A question is used to perform the function of a request in ------------ Would you

like to join us at a party on Sunday? How about visiting Sandra? Would you
give me the file on the table? Why don’t we go for a walk?

5. An instance of optional fronting of the comment can be found in ------------ ‫فوق‬

‫كم عمرك؟‬ ‫ما ناج ٌح إال المجتهد‬ ‫شجر‬
ٌ ‫البستان‬
ِ ‫في‬ ‫الرف الكتاب‬

6. The fronted element in the sentence (This type of question I can’t answer) is:
D.O. I.O. SC OC
Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ Second Term

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct the wrong ones:
(five only)

79. The sentence (It was your friend Suzy that I met) is an example of extraposition. F: It -
cleft

80. (What) is used to ask about the inanimate subject and object. T

َّ ‫ع ال‬
81. The sentence ( ‫ظالِمِينَ َم ْعذ َِرت ه ْم‬ َ ‫ )يَ ْو َم َال ينَف‬represents an instance of optional fronting of
the object.
F: Obligatory fronting
82. An example of fronting is (That novel was written by Jack Smith in 1912). F:
Postponement

83. The fixed word order (VOS) is found in (‫)اياك نحترم‬. F: ‫حدثني علي‬

84. The fronted element in the sentence (A liar he called the man) is direct object. F: OC

Q: 3 Decide whether the fronted element in each of the following sentences is (S. / D.O. /
I.O. / SC / OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (five only)
79. It is in winter that these flowers bloom. ADV OF TIME

80. A nice story he told us. D.O.

81. On the corner of the street sat a homeless man. ADV OF PLACE

82. It was Mina who ate the pizza last night. S.

83. It was your cousin Tom that I met yesterday. D.O.

84. A very good day it was. SC

Q:4 Exemplify for the following: (five only)

79. The fixed word order (VSO). ‫ساعدناها‬

80. An instance of thematization in which the fronted element is the object complement.
A very bright student the teachers consider him.
81. (What) used to ask about the subject. What is on the shelf?

82. A negative yes / no question in English. Why didn’t Tom attend the meeting?

83. Obligatory fronting of the comment. ‫ما اسمك؟‬

84. A cleft sentence in which the clefted element is the indirect object. It was Tom that
Mrs. Mary gave a present last week.
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam/ Second Term Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q:1 Identify the syntactic function of the underlined elements ( S. / V. / D.O. / I.O. / SC / OC / ADV
OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (choose 5 only)

1. Peter is a farmer. SC
2. The gift made John happy. OC
3. The president of Egypt was in front of me. ADV OF PLACE
4. She handed that box to me. I.O.
5. We found the place quiet. OC
6. He appointed her secretary. I.O.

Q: 2 Mention the sentence pattern of each of the following sentences: (choose 5 only)

1. He is giving his sister some good news. SVOO

.2 ‫اعتقد الرجل زيدا في الدار‬ VSOA
3. The boy ate an apple in the kitchen. SVOA
4. Some students should take summer courses. SVO
.5 ‫أعلمت عليا محمدا مسافرا‬ VSOOO
6. They make him the chairman. SVOC

Q: 3 Exemplify for the following: (choose 5 only)

1. An Arabic ditransitive verb. ‫أعطى المدير المجتهدين جوائز‬

2. A subject complement realized as a pronoun. This house is ours.

3. An Arabic adverbial realized as an adverb of place. ‫العصفور فوق الشجرة‬

4. (That) nominal clause that functions as a subject. That he passed the exam was strange.
 5. The comment realized as a verbal sentence. ‫العامل يخلص في عمله‬

6. The subject in Arabic realized as an explicit noun. ‫يكتب الطالب الواجب‬

Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam/ Second Term Translation Dep. /
Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q:1 Identify the syntactic function of the underlined elements ( S. / V. / D.O. / I.O. / SC /
OC / ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (choose 5 only)

7. My uncle sent me a present. I.O.

8. David is a musician. SC
9. He was in the bus. ADV OF PLACE
10. They consider her clever. OC
11. The roses look pretty. SC
12. We had a very nice time yesterday. D.O.

Q: 2 Mention the sentence pattern of each of the following sentences: (choose 5 only)

7. He is an honest man. SVC

.8 ‫ظننت خالدا مسافرا‬ VSOO
9. He gave his son new shirts. SVOO
10. Lisa found her hat. SVO
.11 ‫حضر المعلم الى المدرسة‬ VSA
6. She felt the tree’s thick leaves. SVO

Q: 3 Exemplify for the following: (choose 5 only)

7. An English ditransitive verb. I gave him a letter.

8. A subject complement realized as a prepositional phrase. Our team is in good shape.

9. An Arabic adverbial realized as a prepositional phrase. ‫وضعت الكتاب على الرف‬

 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam
Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

(S. /V. /
10. (- ing) nominal clause that functions as a subject. Behaving in that way was odd.

11. The comment realized as a temporal adverb. ‫االجتماع غدا‬

12. The subject in Arabic realized as an implicit pronoun. ‫وصل متأخرا‬

/ Second Term

Q:1 Identify the syntactic function of the underlined elements D.O. / I.O. / SC /OC /ADV OF
PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (choose 5 only)

13. Shyla eventually became my best friend. SC

14. We painted the ceiling blue. OC
15. She teaches them science. D.O.
16. We will paint the car red. Complex – transitive Verb
17. The leaves turn yellow. OC
18. They made him tea. I.O.

Q: 2 Mention the sentence pattern of each of the following sentences: (choose 5 only)

12. Karen gave her brother a hamster. SVOO

.13 ‫اتخذ هللا ابراهيم خليل‬ VSOO
14. I want one of these books. SVO
15. He came to the party. SVA
.16 ‫سافرت هند يوم العطلة‬ VSA
17. That man is a real hero. SVC

Q: 3 Exemplify for the following: (choose 5 only)

13. Empty (it) subject. It is cold today.

14. A direct object realized as a subordinate clause. I didn’t hear what he said.
15. An Arabic adverbial realized as a circumstantial accusative. ‫عاد الطفل ضاحكا‬

16. A (v - ing) nominal clause that functions as a subject. Swimming in the lake is fun.

17. A topic realized as an infinitive verbal noun. ‫ان تصوموا خير لكم‬

18. A subject realized as an enclitic pronoun. ‫فهمنا الدرس‬

 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam
Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

(S. /V. /
Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q:1 Identify the syntactic function of the underlined elements (S. /V. /D.O. / I.O. /SC /OC/ADV OF
PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (choose 5 only)

19. Pablo is extremely intelligent. SC

20. You are making me sad. OC
21. We made him coffee. D.O.
22. She looks amazing. SC
23. He made her miserable. D.O.
24. I wrote my first novel last year. D.O.

Q: 2 Mention the sentence pattern of each of the following sentences: (choose 5 only)

18. John put the bag down. SVOA

.19 ‫جلس علي تحت الشجرة‬ VSA
20. John gave Jane a present. SVOO
21. Danny made Lisa a delicious omelette. SVOO
.22 ‫وصلتُ المنزل وقت الغروب‬ VSOA
23. Paula is a good dancer. SVC

Q: 3 Exemplify for the following: (choose 5 only)

19. A complex – transitive verb. We elected him president.

20. A linking verb followed by an adverb. She is at school.

21. An example of a deputy - agent. ُ ‫كُس َِرت النافذة‬

 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam/ Second Term

22. A (To - infinitive) nominal clause that functions as a subject. To swim in that sea may be
dangerous.
23. A comment realized as a locative adverb. ‫الكتاب فوق المنضدة‬

24. An Arabic subject realized as an explicit noun. ‫كتب الشاعر قصيدة‬

/ Second Term

Q:1 Identify the syntactic function of the underlined elements D.O. / I.O. /SC / OC /ADV OF
PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (choose 5 only)

25. I find him intelligent. OC

26. He made her a cake. D.O.
27. James calls his dog Tiger. D.O.
28. She became a writer. SC
29. John stole a book from the library. ADV OF PLACE
30. She made him a nice cup of tea. D.O.

Q: 2 Mention the sentence pattern of each of the following sentences: (choose 5 only)

24. She made her views clear. SVOC

.25 ‫تناولتُ طعام الغداء اآلن‬ VSOA
26. Jimmy's teacher called him a troublemaker. SVOC
27. He wrote four books during the last three years.
SVOA
.28 ‫جاء مبكرا‬ VSA
29. Our neighbor's dogs are very dangerous. SVC

Q: 3 Exemplify for the following: (choose 5 only)

 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam
Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

(S. /V. /
25. An Arabic ditransitive verb. ‫وهب هللاُ اإلنسانَ عقل ا‬
َ

26. A subject complement realized as a noun phrase. She became a nurse.

27. A topic realized as an infinitive verbal noun. ‫ان تقول الحق خير لك‬

28. A (To - infinitive) nominal clause that functions as a subject. To drive very fast is
dangerous.

29. A comment realized as a temporal adverb. ‫االمتحان يوم االحد‬

30. An English sentence having no explicit subject. Study hard.

Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q:1 Identify the syntactic function of the underlined elements (S. /V. /D.O. / I.O. /SC /OC/ADV OF
PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (choose 5 only)

31. The members elected Mathews their president. OC

32. He showed us his war medals. D.O.
33. The boy ate an apple in the kitchen. ADV OF PLACE
34. He is a very interesting character. SC
35. John throws the book to me. I.O.
36. He smelled the cake. D.O.

Q: 2 Mention the sentence pattern of each of the following sentences: (choose 5 only)

30. The cake smelled good. SVC

.31 ‫وجدتُ الكتاب تحت الطاولة‬ VSOA
32. We bought David a birthday cake. SVOO
33. The king named his youngest son his successor. SVOC
Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam/ Second Term

.34 ‫منحني المدير اجازة‬ VOSO

35. We study English every week. SVOA

Q: 3 Exemplify for the following: (choose 5 only)

31. An Arabic monotransitive verb. ‫رمى الطفل الكرة‬

32. A subject complement realized as an adjective. He is smart.

33. A subject realized as an enclitic pronoun. ‫شاهدنا المباراة‬

34. A (That) nominal clause that functions as a subject. That he passed the exam surprised
us.

35. A comment realized as a verbal sentence. ‫الفنان يعزف االلحان‬

36. A direct object realized as a subordinate clause. I couldn’t understand what he said.
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam/ Second Term Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

(S. /V. /
Q:1 Identify the syntactic function of the underlined elements D.O. / I.O. /SC /OC/ ADV OF
PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (choose 5 only)

37. I was not pleased. SC

38. He left his wife alone. OC
39. We sent Mary some chocolates. I.O.
40. He said that he was excited. D.O.
41. My father is here. ADV OF PLACE
42. We had endless talks last night. D.O.

Q: 2 Mention the sentence pattern of each of the following sentences: (choose 5 only)

36. The news made him happy. SVOC

.37 ‫أختبأ الطفل خلف الباب‬ VSA
38. Jack is telling them the news. SVOO
39. This pasta is homemade. SVC
.40 ‫شرب المريض دواءه صباحا‬ VSOA
41. The students have solved some Mathematics problems. SVO

Q: 3 Exemplify for the following: (choose 5 only)

37. An Arabic tritransitive verb. ‫أعلم االستاذ الطلب االمتحان سهل‬

38. A subject complement realized as a pronoun. This car is his.

39. A subject realized as an implicit pronoun. ‫سافر ليل‬

40. A (wh) nominal clause that functions as a subject. What you say is not true.
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam/ Second Term Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q:1 Identify the syntactic function of the underlined elements (S. /V. / ADV OF

41. A comment realized as a noun. ‫بغداد عاصمة العراق‬

42. An English monotransitive verb. He wrote a letter.

D.O. / I.O. /SC /OC /

PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (choose 5 only)

43. John is in the garden. ADV OF PLACE

44. We made Mr. Brown our advisor. OC
45. My feet hurt. Intransitive Verb
46. I brought a book for Peter. I.O.
47. He is much more determined. SC
48. Mary consider Ana her friend. OC

Q: 2 Mention the sentence pattern of each of the following sentences: (choose 5 only)

42. The fireworks exploded loudly. SVA

.43 ‫قفزتُ فوق السور‬ VSA
44. Shan named John the new manager. SVOC
45. The cake looks tasty. SVC
.46 ‫يسقط الثلج شتاء‬ VSA
47. They lost their homes. SVO

Q: 3 Exemplify for the following: (choose 5 only)

43. An Arabic monotransitive verb. ‫كتب الطالب الدرس‬

44. A subject complement realized as a noun phrase. He became a famous doctor.

 2-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam/ Second Term Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q:1 Identify the syntactic function of the underlined elements (S. /V. / ADV OF

45. A subject realized as an infinitive verbal noun. ‫يسرني ان تقول الحق‬

46. A (That) nominal clause that functions as a subject. That the police have taken him is
strange.

47. A comment realized as an adjective. ‫الجندي شجاع‬

48. An English ditransitive verb. I gave her a present.

Mustansiriya University 202

D.O. / I.O. / SC/OC /

PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (choose 5 only)

49. These shoes hurt her feet. D.O.

50. We found the place quiet. OC
51. Mary cut the cake for her friends. I.O.
52. The situation was so strange. SC
53. He bought his son a bike. D.O.
54. I am an Indian. SC

Q: 2 Mention the sentence pattern of each of the following sentences: (choose 5 only)

48. The horses ran very quickly. SVA

.49 ‫وقفتُ امام المرآة‬ VSA
50. This book is mine. SVC
51. My tea turned cold. SVC
.52 ‫لمع البرق‬ VS
 Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam/ Second Term Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q:1 Identify the syntactic function of the underlined elements (S. /V. / ADV OF

53. He gave her a watch. SVOO

Q: 3 Exemplify for the following: (choose 5 only)

49. An Arabic ditransitive verb. ‫العلم نافع اا‬

َ ُ‫رأى الطالب‬

50. A subject complement realized as a pronoun. This bag is hers.

51. A subject realized as an implicit pronoun. ‫نكتب الواجب‬

52. A (To - infinitive) nominal clause that functions as a subject. To swim in that sea may be
dangerous.
53. A comment realized as a prepositional phrase. ‫البنت في الحديقة‬

54. An English complex - transitive verb. They named the little girl Tania.
 2-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam/ Second Term Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q:1 Identify the syntactic function of the underlined elements (S. /V. / ADV OF

Mustansiriya University 202

D.O. / I.O. /SC /OC/

PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (choose 5 only)

55. He smelled the cake. D.O.

56. The gardener felt tired. SC
57. The child admitted that he stole the cookie. D.O.
58. She made him sad. OC
59. The class became noisy. SC
60. He gave her medicine. I.O.

Q: 2 Mention the sentence pattern of each of the following sentences: (choose 5 only)

54. We will visit Peru and Chile next year. SVOA

.55 ‫تشرق الشمس صباحا‬ VSA
56. Mina ate a pizza last night. SVOA
57. I like apples. SVO
.58 ‫منح المدير المتفوقين جوائز‬ VSOO
59. She sold him her house. SVOO

Q: 3 Exemplify for the following: (choose 5 only)

55. VOSO sentence pattern. ‫أعطاني المدير جائزة‬

56. A linking verb followed by an adverb. I am at college.

57. A topic realized as an explicit pronoun. ‫انت ذكي‬

58. A subordinate nominal clause that functions as a direct object. I didn’t realize what he said.

59. A comment realized as a locative adverb. ‫القائد امام الجنود‬

60. An English intransitive verb. The baby cried.

Mustansiriya University 202

D.O. /I.O. /SC /OC/ADV OF PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (choose 5 only)

61. We travelled to Rome. ADV OF PLACE

62. John wrote two novels. D.O.
63. He sounds relaxed. SC
64. Don’t forget what you promised me. D.O.
65. This house is theirs. SC
66. We consider him worthy. OC

Q: 2 Mention the sentence pattern of each of the following sentences: (choose 5 only)

60. I lost my bag last week. SVOA

.61 ‫يخشى المؤمن ربه‬ VSO
62. The boss was in a good mood. SVC
63. He makes cakes and cookies. SVO
.64 ‫يصلي الناس في المسجد‬ VSA
65. Mary lent Josh some money. SVOO

Q: 3 Exemplify for the following: (choose 5 only)

61. VSOA sentence pattern. ‫وضعت الكتاب على الرف‬

62. An English complex sentence. I didn’t know when he arrived.

63. An Arabic adverbial realized as a circumstantial accusative. ‫عاد مبتسما‬

 2-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam/ Second Term Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q:1 Identify the syntactic function of the underlined elements ( S. /V. /

64. A deputy - agent. ‫الدرس‬

ُ ‫كُتب‬

65. A comment realized as a temporal adverb. ‫السفر صباحا‬

66. SVA sentence pattern. She went to London.

Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / First Monthly Exam/ Second Term Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q:1 Identify the syntactic function of the underlined elements ( S. / V. / D.O. / I.O. /SC/OC/ADV OF
PLACE / ADV OF TIME): (choose 5 only)

67. The news made his name popular. OC

68. It was a very pleasant talk. SC
69. I gave him ice – cream. I.O.
70. The wind blew hard. Intransitive Verb
71. We met Susan. D.O.
72. The night grew dark. SC

Q: 2 Mention the sentence pattern of each of the following sentences: (choose 5 only)

66. The little boy has told them a joke. SVOO

.67 ‫يغرد الطائر في الصباح‬ VSA
68. He is a good boy. SVC
69. The man is holding the red block. SVO
.70 ‫أعطاني زيد كتابا‬ VOSO
71. We will call him Jenny. SVOC

Q: 3 Exemplify for the following: (choose 5 only)

 A tritransitive verb. ‫أعلم محمد اصدقاءه الخبر صحيحا‬
.67

68. A prepositional object. The teacher gave the exam papers to the students.

69. An Arabic adverbial realized as an adverb of time. ‫الحفلة مساء‬

70. A wh - nominal clause that functions as a subject. Where the police have taken him is not
known.
71. A comment realized as a nominal sentence. ‫العرب لغتهم جميلة‬

72. A subject realized as an implicit pronoun. ‫نرسم لوحة جميلة‬

Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam Translation Dep.
/ Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (10 only)

1. An adverb suffix can be found in ---------- arrival reliance repetitive backwards

2. A verb in the indicative mood can be found in -------

‫لن يرحلوا غدا‬ ‫يزرع االرض فلحوها‬ ‫لم نفهم الدرس‬ ‫فهمنا الدرس‬
3. A class – changing prefix can be found in ----------
distrust encircle undo rebuild

4. The word (‫ )جلمود‬is an illustration of the sub – category of ---------- blending. verbal nominal
adjectival nationality

5. The word – formation process which involves the shortening of already existing lexical items is called --------

compounding abbreviation affixation derivation

6. An example of a compound adjective is found in the word -------------

overnight sunrise airborne baby – sitter

7. An example of clipping is the word -------------

motel lab smog USA

8. The verb in the sentence (‫ )اكتبوا الدرس‬is in the --------- mood

indicative subjunctive imperative jussive

9. An example of English perfective aspect can be found in --------

She is eating her dinner The train leaves in an hour The dishes were washed The child has eaten an apple

10. The sentence ------------------------- contains two verbs in the subjunctive mood.

‫لن‬ ‫وال تطغوا فيه فيحل عليكم غضبي‬ ‫ان تدرس تنجح‬
‫ال تتكبر على الناس فتندم‬ ‫نحتفل حتى يرجع المسافرون‬
11. An example of superlative degree can be found in -----------

‫غرفتي أصغر من غرفتك‬ ‫السعودية هي أكبر بلد عربي‬ ‫المدينة أكبر من القرية‬ ‫هذا االمتحان سهل‬

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you think are
false: (5 only)

1. No derivational affix is found in the word (brighten). F: There ia a derivational suffix (-en)

2. Blends are words derived from the initial letters of different words. F: Acronyms

3. Most sentences in English are in the subjunctive mood. F: in the indicative mood

4. An example of a compound verb is found in the sentence (Our balcony overlooks the river). T

5. Arabic verbs have two marked moods: indicative and imperative. F: 3 marked moods (indicative,
subjunctive and jussive)
6. (Long live the Queen) is an instance of a mandative subjunctive mood. F: formulaic subjunctive mood

Q: 3 Enumerate the types of compounds in English.

English has four types of compounds.

1. compound nouns: fastfood, homework, swimming pool

2. compound verbs: overlook, babysit, lipread
3. compound adjectives: long – term, high – level, well – known
4. compound adverbs: over – night, off - hand
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam Translation

Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (10 only)

1. An illustration of a verb in the subjunctive mood is ----------
‫ال تهمل دروسك‬ ‫كتبنا الدرس‬ ‫يقرأ الشاعر قصيدتين‬ ‫وهللا يريد ان يتوب عليكم‬

2. A verb in the indicative mood can be found in -----------

Did you finish your homework? If I were rich, I'd buy a Ferrari She
requests you be there early Turn right at the corner

3. The word ------------ contains a class – maintaining prefix. asleep sharpen

enable incomplete
 4. The word (‫ )بسملة‬is an illustration of the sub – category of ---------- blending. verbal nominal
adjectival nationality

5. An example of a verb suffix can be found in ---------------

His eyes widened This book is very useful She had a happy childhood They walked slowly

6. An example of a compound verb is found in the word -------------

dark-skinned firefighter dry - clean middle-aged

7. An example of acronyms is the word -------------

smog lab FBI fridge
8. The verb in the sentence (‫ )ال تصاحب االشرار‬is in the --------- mood indicative subjunctive
imperative jussive

9. An example of English progressive aspect can be found in --------

The dog has eaten bones I have written this e-mail in one hour
Last night, I watched television I was watching television when you called

10. The sentence ----------------- contains two verbs in the jussive mood.

‫لن ينجح المهمل ولن يفلح‬ ‫بنى االمير قصرا ولم يسكنه‬ ‫ان تعط خيرا تجده‬ ً‫تنمو جيدا‬
َ ‫اعتني بصحتك كي‬

11. An example of perfective aspect can be found in ------------

‫لم يتأخر المدير عن االجتماع‬ ‫اسمع نصيحة ابيك‬ ‫وصل المسافرون‬ ‫يصلي المؤمن كل يوم‬

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you think are
false: (5 only)

1. The sentence (Jessica babysits Carson and his sister Stella on Saturday nights) contains a compound verb.
T

2. An illustration of a verb in the indicative mood is (‫)اكتبوا الدرس‬. F: Imperative

3. The word (consideration) does not include a derivational suffix. F: It includes a derivational suffix (ation)
 4. English verbs have two marked moods: indicative and imperative. F: Subjunctive and imperative

5. An example of past subjunctive mood can be found in (If I was the boss, I would resign). F: (If I were the
boss, I would resign)
6. An example of a noun suffix is the word (moneywise). F: (sunset)

Q: 3 Enumerate the types of abbreviation in English.

English has three types of abbreviation:

blends, clippings and acronyms.
Blending involves fusing two independent lexical items, For example, the blend "motel" is derived
from "motor" and "hotel". Other examples of blends are "smog",chunnel".
Clipping involves shortening of long words by deleting syllables, e.g., ad(vertisement), exam(ination),
lab(oratory).
Acronyms are words derived from the initial letters of different words, e.g., UN, (United Nations) NATO (North
Atlantic Treaty Organisation).
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam Translation Dep. / Subject:
Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (10 only)

11. An illustration of a verb in the jussive mood is:
‫من يزرع يحصد‬ ‫اريد ان ارحل‬ ‫ارم الكرة‬ ‫لن يحضر علي‬

12. An example of a mandative subjunctive mood can be found in -----------

If I were rich, I would build a hospital Long Live the King He suggested
that his student use the laptop Is she driving the car?

13. The word ------------ contains a class – changing prefix.

distrust enslave undo rebuild

14. An example of verbal blending is the word ------------- ‫جلمود‬ ‫بسملة‬ ‫حمدل‬ ‫ضبطر‬

15. An example of a verb suffix can be found in ---------------

supervisor criticism widen powerful

16. An example of a noun compound can be found in ------------

The policeman walked along the street Our room overlooked the harbor
Her new friend is very good-looking You can stay overnight if you want to
17. An illustration of a verb in the indicative mood is ---------

Give me back my money If I were you, I would be excited about the play I am not
going to the party I demand that he pay his share

18. The verb in the sentence (‫ )لتقرأ دروسك‬is in the --------- mood indicative subjunctive imperative jussive

19. An example of blending is the word ----------

exam lab brunch NATO

20. The perfective aspect can be found in --------

I went to the supermarket yesterday We had eaten already

I have a dog I was talking to my mother when you called

11. An example of noun compounding is ---------

‫حمدلة‬ ‫جلمود‬ ‫كلية اآلداب‬ ‫طبرخازي‬

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you think
are false: (5 only)

1. The indicative, subjunctive and jussive moods in Arabic are marked by suffixes. T

2. When we make basic statements or ask questions, we use the subjunctive mood. F: We use the indicative
mood

3. An example of an adverb suffix is the word (washable). F: Adjectival suffix

4. The sentence (‫ )أكلتُ بضع لقيمات‬does not include a derivative noun. F: It includes a derivative noun (‫)لقيمات‬.

5. The passive voice is realized by (have) + (past participle). F: The perfective aspect 6. A class – changing

prefix is found in the word (irregular). F: class – maintaining prefix

Q: 3 Enumerate the types of abbreviation in Arabic.

Arabic has four types of blending:

‫` النحت الفعلي‬verbal blending'
‫ بسمل‬to say: ‫بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم‬. ‫`النحت الوصفي‬adjectival blending': ‫ضبطر‬
ِ
This adjective describes a lion. ‫`النحت النسبي‬nationality/origin
 compound': ‫طبرخازي‬: someone from tubristan ‫ طبرستان‬and xawaarizm
‫خوارزم‬.
`nominal blending': ‫النحت االسمي‬
)‫ َج ُم َد‬+ ‫` جلمود ) َجل َد‬to become hard+to become solid

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam

Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (10 only)

1. An example of a compound adjective is found in the word ----------

overnight sunrise nice – looking overlook

2. An example of perfective aspect can be found in ---------

‫يأكل الولد التفاحة‬ ‫اجتهد كي تنجح‬ ‫قرأ الطفل قصة‬ ‫يقضي السائح امتع االوقات في المصيف‬

3. The word ------------ contains a class – maintaining prefix.

befriend distrust empower enlarge

4. An example of clipping is the word:

motel lab smog USA

5. An example of Arabic derivation can be found in ----------- ‫استعلم‬ ‫تعلم‬ ‫اعلم‬ ‫معلوم‬

6. A verb in the indicative mood can be found in ----------------

Isn't this nice? Get out Please take your shoes off She recommended that each student take a note

7. An adjective suffix can be found in -----------

Her sadness was clear I was thankful that school was over I
slipped quietly out of the back door Could you clarify the first point please?

8. The verb in the sentence (‫ )ال تترك طلب العلم‬is in the --------- mood indicative subjunctive imperative
jussive

9. An example of past subjunctive mood can be found in --------

 If I was not ill, I could finish this today If it rained, the match would be cancelled If I
were not ill, I could finish this today If I was free, I'd go

10. Which of the following sentences conveys the perfective aspect?

The little girl reads a book every morning I am listening to the song
I think we have seen this film already David bought a new house

11. An example of particle compounding is ---------

‫بعلبك‬ ‫كتاب القراءة‬ ‫مازال‬ ‫حيثما‬

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you think are
false: (5 only)

1. The sentence (He requests that his sister arrive before the other guests) is in the imperative mood. F:
Subjunctive mood
2. The indicative mood is a verb form that expresses a command or a request. The imperative mood

3. An adjective suffix can be found in (This kind of attitude is not acceptable). T

4. The passive voice is used when the attention is on the doer of an action. F: the attention is on the action

5. The sentence (‫ )ال تقل ذلك فتندم‬contains two verbs in the subjunctive mood. F: one verb in the jussive mood (‫)تقل‬
and one verb in the subjunctive mood (‫)تندم‬

6. A class – changing prefix is found in the sentence (It was an illogical decision). F: class – maintaining prefix

Q: 3 Enumerate five types of derivative nouns in Arabic.

‫` المصدر‬abstract noun': ‫ قراءة‬/ ‫` اسم الفاعل كتابة‬active participle'

: ‫ قارئ‬/ ‫صيغ المبالغة كاتب‬ `intensive active participle':

‫ شكور‬/ ‫` اسم المفعول غفور‬passive participle: ‫ مقروء‬/ ‫االسم مكتوب‬

‫' المصغر‬diminutive noun': ‫ نهير‬/ ‫وريقة‬

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Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam Translation Dep. /
Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage
 Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (10 only)
1. An illustration of a verb in the subjunctive mood is -----------

‫إن تجتهد تتفوق‬ ‫مارس الرياضة كي تتمتع بصحة جيدة‬ ‫لم يصل المسافر‬ ‫لِتجتهد ياعلي‬
2. An example of a noun suffix can be found in ------------ privacy satisfy creative domestic

3. A class – changing prefix can be found in ------

unreal rewrite enrich disconnect

4. An example of clipping is the word ------------ smog motel CIA photo

5. An example of mandative subjunctive mood can be found in -------

God save the Queen It is important that she return home at once If I were
you, I would vote Leave the place immediately before he returns

6. An example of progressive aspect can be found in ------------

We are studying physics The dog has eaten bones I will help
you to do the project I usually wake up at 6:00 AM.

7. An example of an adjective suffix is the word --------- mysterious supervisor formalize easily

8. The verb in the sentence (‫ )يجتهد الطالب في دراسته‬is in the --------- mood indicative subjunctive imperative
jussive

9. The word ------------- is an example of blending.

‫دريهم‬ ‫حوقل‬ ‫دمشقي‬ ‫باب المنزل‬
10. An example of a compound adjective is found in the word ------------

well-behaved editor-in-chief sister-in-law self-confidence

11. The sentence ---------- contains two verbs in the jussive mood.

‫فمن يعمل مثقال ذرة خيرا‬ ‫سافروا الى الخارج كي يدرسوا‬ ‫لم يكن هللا ليغفر لهم‬
‫ال تنه عن خلق وتأتي مثله‬ ‫يره‬

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you think are false: (5
only)
1. The perfective aspect expresses an action or state of being that is ongoing and not yet completed. F: The
progressive aspect

2. An example of adjectival blending is the word (‫)جلمود‬. F: Nominal blending

3. Infixes are productive in both English and Arabic. F: Infixes are productive in Arabic only

4. The sentence (If I were king, you would be queen) is in the subjunctive mood. T

5. The word (RADAR) is an example of clipping. F: an example of acronymy

6. The verb in the sentence (‫ )يدعو المؤمن ربه كل يوم‬is in the perfective aspect. F: imperfective aspect

Q: 3 Enumerate the types of compounds in Arabic. Noun

Compounds: These fall into three categories: ‫المركبُ اإلضافي‬
`genitive construct'
‫ب‬
ِ ‫دودة األرض يو ُم الحسا‬
‫` المركبُ المزجي‬fusional compound'
‫ثلث عشرة طالب حضرموت‬
‫` المركب اإلسنادي‬predicative compound'
‫تأبط شرا‬
Compound particles' ‫الحروف المركبة‬
‫ حيثما‬/ ‫ربما‬
Defective verb compounds ‫االفعال الناقصة المركبة‬
‫ مادام‬/ ‫مازال‬

Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam Translation Dep. /
Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (10 only)

21. An illustration of a verb in the jussive mood is -----------
‫سافر علي كي يعمل‬ ‫ال تنفق عمرك بصغائر االمور‬ ‫اسع الى النجاح‬ ‫يسرني أن أرافقك‬

22. A verb in the indicative mood can be found in ----------

I suggest that Robert wait a few minutes If I were you, I would accept the offer Alex will
not come to the meeting Do not touch the cookies

23. The word ------------ contains a class – changing prefix.

co-author disagree behead unskilled
24. The word (‫ )ضبطر‬is an illustration of the sub – category of ---------- blending.
verbal nominal adjectival nationality

25. An example of a verb suffix can be found in -----------

Smoking can shorten your life My assistant will help you

Art and music are regarded optional lessons He spoke continuously for two hours

26. An example of a compound adjective is found in -------------

What's your cell phone number? We want long-term solutions

He gave the letter to his mother-in-law You must build your own self-confidence

27. An example of blending is the word ------------- webinar info SONAR exam

28. The verb in the sentence (‫ )عليكم أيها الشباب أن تقبلوا على التعلم‬is in the --------- mood indicative subjunctive
imperative jussive

29. An example of English perfective aspect can be found in --------

He met her before dinner She has finished her homework

I'm looking for my glasses I go to the cafe on the river everyday

30. An example of a mandative subjunctive mood can be found in ----------------

I suggest that Jack come here to solve it If Denis were here, he could have done it If you rest,
you will feel better Could you join me in the study?

12. An example of imperfective aspect can be found in ---------------------

‫لقد سافر الى الريف‬ ‫كتبت الطالبة الواجب‬ ‫وصل القطار قبل قليل‬ ‫يزور محمد جدته كل جمعة‬
Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you think are
false: (5 only)

1. The sentence (She adopted a two-year-old cat) contains a compound noun. F: compound adjective

2. An illustration of a verb in the subjunctive mood is (He suggested an innovative plan to save money). F:
indicative mood
3. The word (irrelevant) contains a class – maintaining prefix. T

4. A verb in the imperative mood expresses possibilities. F: A verb in the imperative mood expresses commands
 5. The sentence (‫ )طرقت باب الدار‬includes a verb compound. F: a noun compound (‫)باب الدار‬

6. An example of passive voice can be found in (The two kings are signing the treaty). F: progressive aspect

Q: 3 Enumerate the types of suffixes in English.

Suffixes will be classified on grammatical grounds since they change the grammatical function of the base.
(l) Noun Suffixes: kingdom / manhood
(2) Adjective Suffixes: homeless / beautiful
(3) Adverb Suffixes: quickly, northwards, moneywise.
(4) Verb Suffixes: activate, lengthen,
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam Translation
Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (10 only)

31. An illustration of two verbs in the subjunctive mood is ----------
‫ال تقل ذلك فتندم‬ ‫وما تفعلوا من خير يعلمه هللا‬ ‫لن تفوزا حتى تجتهدا‬ ‫ال تنه عن خلق وتأتي مثله‬

32. An example of past subjunctive mood can be found in -----------

Lots of rain fell yesterday I recommended that they arrive at school on time
If I were you, I wouldn't go there If you helped me, I would be grateful

33. The indicative mood of a verb is used -----------

in a direct command in most statements and questions to

indicate the future tense to indicate hypothetical situations

34. An example of perfective aspect can be found in ------------

John promised to pay ten pounds The student will work on his
thesis I have lost my watch Sam is working on his
project

35. An example of a verb suffix can be found in ---------------

denial testify baker progressive

36. The verb -------------- can be used in the mandative subjunctive mood.
 think demand take break

37. An illustration of a verb in the indicative mood is ---------

‫يرجو المؤمن ثواب ربه‬ ‫لن اقول اال الحق‬ ‫ال تلعب بالنار‬ ‫ألنصرن كل مظلوم‬

38. A class – changing prefix can be found in --------- unreasonable misuse enlighten
disbelief

39. An example of clipping is the word ---------- photo LASER motel smog

40. An example of imperfective aspect can be found in ------------

‫لقد غادرت المكان‬ ‫اذهب الى السوق مرة في االسبوع‬ ‫سافر اخي ليلة امس‬ ‫انهى الشاعر كتابة القصيدة‬

11. An example of verb compounding is ---------

‫مابرح‬ ‫بسمل‬ ‫حضرموت‬ ‫حالما‬

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you think
are false: (5 only)

1. A verb in the indicative mood can be found in (‫)يا أيها الذين آمنوا استعينوا بالصبر والصلة‬. F: imperative verb

2. An example of mandative subjunctive mood can be found in (Long Live the King). F: formulaic
subjunctive mood
3. An example of an adjective suffix is the word (understandable). T

4. The Arabic perfect verb is inflected for mood. F: The Arabic imperfect verb is inflected for mood

5. The sentence (‫ )هذا الخبر منقول‬does not include a derivative noun. F: it includes a derivative noun (‫)منقول‬

6. The word (‫ )طبرخازي‬is an illustration of the sub- category of nominal blending. F: nationality/origin
blending

Q: 3 Enumerate the types of prefixes in English.

English prefixes can be divided into two types on the basis of the effect prefixation has on the class of
the word that receives the prefix: class maintaining prefixes and class-changing ones.
(1) Class-maintaining prefixes: incomplete / unhappy
(2) Class-changing prefixes: befriend / empower
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mustansiriya
University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam Translation Dep. / Subject: Contrastive Grammar /
3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (10 only)

1. An example of a mandative subjunctive mood can be found in -----------

Did you like the film? If you heat water to, it boils
He walks every day after lunch It is advisable that she sleep more

2. An illustration of a verb in the jussive mood is -----------

‫أعط كل ذي حق حقه‬ ‫أنتم تحافظون على الوطن‬ ‫كانا يأكلن الطعام‬ ‫وال تقربا هذه الشجرة‬

3. An illustration of a verb in the indicative mood is -----------

I suggest that she take Spanish next semester God have mercy on us
If I were taller, I would play basketball I am in New York

4. An example of nominal blending is the word -------------

‫جلمود‬ ‫عبدلي‬ ‫سبحل‬ ‫ضبطر‬
5. The word ------------ contains a class – changing prefix.
disconnect improper unresponsive ensure

6. The sentence -------- includes a compound adjective.

She's very old-fashioned snowfalls are predicted for tonight

Do you want to eat hot dogs? Try not to wake him when he's sleepwalking

7. The sentence ------------------- contains an uninflected verb.

‫نفكر في المستقبل‬
َ ‫يجب أن‬ ‫ألم نشرح لكَ صدرك‬ ‫كُ ُّل إنسان يسعى لتحقيق النجاح‬ ‫اس َع الى المجد‬
8. An example of progressive aspect can be found in ----------

She has seen the teacher They are hunting

He wrote the letter She will arrive soon

9. A verb in the indicative mood can be found in ------------

‫تنس زيارة المريض‬
َ ‫ال‬ ‫اثمرت الشجرة‬ ‫اآلباء يحبون أبناءهم‬ ‫ اسمعن نصائح األمهات‬،‫أيتها الفتيات‬
10. An example of Arabic derivation can be found in -----------
‫يصبر اصبر‬ ‫صابر‬ ‫ص َب َر‬
َ
11. An example of a noun suffix can be found in ------------ man-like healthy moneywise
boredom

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false and correct those which you think are false: (5
only)
1. (I recommended that Mrs. Robinson stay home) is an instance of a past subjunctive mood. F: mandative
subjunctive mood

2. An example of a noun compound is the word (‫)طبرخازي‬. F: nationality blending

3. An example of a compound adjective is found in the word (mailbox). F: compound noun

4. An example of blending is the word (webinar). T

5. There are two verbs in the jussive mood in the sentence (‫)لم يكن هللا ليغفر لهم‬. F: one verb in the subjunctive mood
(‫)يغفر‬, and one verb in the jussive mood (‫)يكن‬

6. This sentence is in the indicative mood (Get your facts first, then distort them as you please). F: imperative

Q: 3 Enumerate the types of compounds in English.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam Translation Dep. / Subject:
Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (10 only)

12. A verb in the indicative mood can be found in ------------

If I were not sick, I could go to the party Jerry requested that Kim help him with his essay Did
you kick the ball? Complete these reports by tomorrow

13. A class – maintaining prefix can be found in ----------

alive engulf undo befriend

14. The word ------------ is an illustration of blending.

bike NASA gym motel

15. An example of a compound adjective is found in the word -------------

left - handed blackboard classmate wallpaper
16. The verb in the sentence (‫ )اكتبوا الدرس‬is in the --------- mood indicative subjunctive imperative jussive

17. An example of perfective aspect can be found in ----------

‫سافرت زينب‬ ‫احترم اخاك‬ ‫يفوز المتقون بالجنة‬ ‫يذهب الفلح الى الحقل كل يوم‬
18. A verb in the subjunctive mood can be found in ---------------

‫من طلب العلى سهر الليالي‬ ‫لم يحفظ القصيدة‬ ‫لن يفشل الطموح‬ ‫تعاونوا على البر والتقوى‬
19. An example of a noun suffix can be found in -------------

We made the suggestion that she resign We need to sharpen these knives She has a
very sensitive skin She turned her face upwards

20. An example of nationality blending can be found in -------------

‫صحراوي عبد هللا‬ ‫مصري‬ ‫عبشمي‬

21. The sentence ----------- includes an uninflected verb.

‫أحافظ على الصلة‬ ‫الطالبان لم يكتبا الدرس‬ ‫يجتهد الطالب لينجح‬ ‫انتبه الى اشارات المرور‬

22. The sentence ---------- does not include a verb in the jussive mood.
‫لتنفق على المحتاجين‬ ‫ال تتدخل فيما ال يعنيك‬ ‫أدرس النحو ألتقـن اللغة العربية‬ ‫ومن يتق هللا يجعل له مخرجا‬

Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you think are false:
(5 only)

1. The vast majority of verbs in sentences in English are in the subjunctive mood. F: in the indicative mood

2. The verb in the sentence (Look at that fabulous house) is in the subjunctive mood. F: imperative

3. The unmarked mood in English is the imperative mood. F: indicative mood

4. An example of a verb suffix is found in the sentence (The material hardens as it cools). T

5. An example of past subjunctive mood can be found in (If it was true, I would leave). F: (If it were true, …..)

6. The word (cloudy) does not include a derivational affix. F: it includes a derivational suffix (-y)
Q: 3 Enumerate the types of abbreviation in English.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Mustansiriya University 2022-2023 / College of Arts / Second Monthly Exam/ First Term Translation Dep. /
Subject: Contrastive Grammar / 3rd Stage

Q: 1 Choose the correct answer: (10 only)

12. An adjective suffix can be found in ---------------
We decided to widen the roads This water is suitable for drinking We moved
quickly Their friendship is very old

13. A verb in the indicative mood can be found in -------

‫يسعى الطالب المجتهد للنجاح الطالبان كتبا الدرس‬ ‫والوالدات يرضعن اوالدهن‬
‫يا أيها الذين آمنوا استعينوا بالصبر والصلة‬
14. A class – changing prefix can be found in ------------ impossible empower rearrange unlucky

15. The sentence ---------- contains two verbs in the jussive mood.
‫ال تترك طلب العلم فتندم‬ ‫ان تصبر تصل الى هدفك‬
‫اجتهد حتى تحقق امانيك‬ ‫لن أتوانى في عملي حتى أبلغ ما أتمنى‬

16. An example of past subjunctive mood can be found in -------

I proposed that Harry be asked to attend the party If I was the boss, I would resign
If Tom were here, he could have solved the issue If I had time, I could finish my work

17. An example of Arabic perfective aspect can be found in ---------

‫يستيقظ الطفل نشيطا كل صباح ادرس كي احقق حلمي‬ ‫يذهب العامل الى المصنع باكرا‬
‫لعب الولد بالكرة‬

18. An example of a noun suffix is the word --------- moneywise friendship babysit open -
minded

19. The verb in the sentence (‫ )اسعيا الى فعل الخير‬is in the --------- mood indicative subjunctive
imperative jussive

20. An example of English perfective aspect can be found in --------

I had finished my project They are French They were playing tennis The
car was repaired

21. An example of clipping is the word ------- USA brunch exam chunnel
 22. A compound noun can be found in ---------------

He is a kind – hearted man They walked along the road in the moonlight
They have been brainwashed to accept these things She's a well-known actress
Q: 2 Decide whether the following statements are true or false, and correct those which you think are false: (5 only)

7. No derivational affix is found in the word (existence). F: a derivational suffix is found (-ence)

8. An example of nominal blending is the word (‫)حمدل‬. F: verbal blending

9. An example of blending is the word (ATM). F: acronymy

10. An example of a compound adjective is found in the word (green – eyed ). T

11. English verbs have two marked moods: indicative and imperative. F: subjunctive and imperative

12. A verb in the indicative mood can be found in (Take the first turn on the left). F: imperative

Q: 3 Enumerate the types of compounds in Arabic.