10 - The Nouns in Arabic - QURAANIC ARABIC (WORDPRESS)
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Al Huda10 - The Nouns in Arabic - QURAANIC ARABIC (WORDPRESS)
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Al HudaNOUNS IN ARABIC
The Arabic word can be: A noun, a verb or a particle.
Verb
Particle
Preposition
Conjunction
:
..
Calling Particle
Etc.
Past tense
Human
Present
tense
Animal
Solid
Plant
Place
Time
..
Negation
Noun
Command
Adjective
Pronoun
Demonstrative
Relative
Pronoun
Etc.
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Page 1
How to recognize a noun?
) (
) (
2- It can have of definition
3- It can have a calling particle
before ( )
4- It can have a preposition
before ()
5- It can show possession
(
)
1- It can have Tanween
*In Arabic possession is expressed - in most cases - by a noun without
(the thing possessed/owned) followed by another noun that has
(
)
) (
or a
proper name (
( )The possessor/owner). In few cases the possessor
comes indefinite.
6- It can have
()
7- We can give information
about it (
)
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Page 2
The types of nouns
1- Definite or indefinite
Definite
Indefinite
When the noun is specific.
Examples of the most common types of nouns:
1- Proper noun
2- The nouns starting with
When the noun is
not specific:
of definition:
3- The noun added to a definite noun to give
( The book of the
student) the word
here is definite because it is
meaning of possession
followed by a definite possessor.
: ...
5- Demonstrative
: ...
6- Relative Pronoun
: ...
7- The human, animal or anything we call (
)
4- The pronoun
2- Conjugated or built on one form
- Conjugated
: means that the last mark of the noun will change
when it comes in a different position in the sentence.
Ex.
Notice the difference of the last mark in the word
in each example.
- Built on one form
: means that the noun will have the same mark on
the last letter, even if its position changes.
Ex. The pronoun
( he) is, in all cases ending with a Fat-hah
u ) ts9) I %!$# !$# u
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Page 3
The pronouns, the demonstratives, the relative pronouns are examples of the
most common
nouns.
a- The pronouns
All pronouns with no exception are built on one form
For more details, please see file about Arabic Pronouns. Download from here.
http://quranicarabic.wordpress.com/quraanic-arabic/quraanic-arabicadvanced-level/
b - The demonstratives
That/Those
/
All demonstratives are
This/These
/
/
except those for the they follow the
same conjugation of dual nouns.
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c- The relative pronouns
Human
Non human
(but can be used for
human in some cases)
All relative pronouns are
/
/
except those for dual; they follow the same
conjugation of dual nouns.
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Page 5
3- Singular, dual or plural nouns
In English, a noun may be singular or plural. Plural refers to more than one.
In Arabic, a noun may be singular, dual or plural. Plural refers to more than two.
The Singular :
The singular is what shows one masculine or one feminine.
Ex.
The conjugation of a singular noun is:
The Cases
(
)
Examples for positions under different
cases
First noun in a sentence :
Information about the :
Doer of the verb
Object :
A noun that shows the time or :
the place
Noun after preposition :
Noun showing the possessor :
Mark of the last
letter
()
()
()
For an easy explanation of the different cases of Arabic Grammar, please go to
http://quranicarabic.wordpress.com/2010/04/10/quraanic-arabic-lesson-3/
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Page 6
The Dual :
The dual noun is formed from the singular, by adding
) when the
(
) ( - with a before - when the noun is
or
/
When changing a singular noun ending with
to dual, the
noun is and
change to a , to which dual ending is attach
Ex.
/
The Cases
Examples for positions under different
cases
(
)
First noun in a sentence :
Information about the
Doer of the verb
Object :
:
A noun that shows the time or
the place
Noun after preposition :
Noun showing the possessor :
Important comments:
1- The
and
the
Ex.
Letters which
change
()
()
()
are what change in the dual, in the different positions,
not the last mark as in the singular.
2- The letter
with at the end of dual , has no relation with the
conjugation of the dual. It is only an alternative to the sound of Tanween that
you hear in the singular.
might be deleted, if the dual is followed by a possessor
Ex.
( the two daughters of the prophet)
This
No
at the end of
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Page 7
The Plural :
In Arabic, there are three types of plural: Sound masculine plural, sound
feminine plural and broken plural.
1- The Sound Masculine Plural
It is so called 'sound', because the singular form remain intact or sound,
i.e. the singular is same and only different endings are added to it.
The sound masculine plural noun, is formed from the singular, by adding (
)
when the noun is and (
) when the noun is
or
, this is
a long vowel (ee) with a
Ex.
The Cases
before.
Examples for positions under different
cases
(
)
Letters which
change
First noun in a sentence :
Information about the
Doer of the verb
Object :
A noun that shows the time or
:
the place
Noun after preposition :
Noun showing the possessor :
()
()
()
Important comments:
1- The
and
the
are what change in the dual in the different positions, not
the last mark as the singular.
2- The letter
with at the end of
has no relation with
conjugation of the dual. It is only an alternative to the sound of Tanween
that you hear in the singular.
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Page 8
- The general rule is that
is used for some masculine
human but it may come, as an exception, with a few rare masculine, nonhuman.
Ex.
( twenty) - (( ) worlds)
()
2- The Sound Feminine Plural
It is so called sound because the singular forms remain intact or sound,
i.e. the singular is same and only different endings are added to it.
The sound masculine plural noun is formed from the singular by adding
) when the noun is
(
) when the noun is and (
or
.
Ex.
/
Notice that we delete
before adding the ()
The Cases
(
)
Examples for positions under different
cases
First noun in a sentence :
Marks which
change
Information about the
Doer of the verb
Object :
A noun that shows the time or
:
the place
Noun after preposition :
Noun showing the possessor :
* The general rule is that
(
)
()
()
is used for feminine nouns (human
and non-human) but it may be used in some cases for masculine.
Ex.
3- The Broken Plural
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( bathroom)
Page 9
- It is so called broken because it is formed by breaking up the singular
pattern, by adding or removing vowels and letters: before, in between or
after the singular. I does not have a pattern that you can follow, you
need to learn them individually.
- It can be used for human and non-human.
Ex.
The Cases
(
)
Examples for positions under different
cases
Mark of the last
letter
First noun in a sentence :
Information about the
:
Doer of the verb
Object :
A noun that shows the time or :
Noun after preposition :
Noun showing the :
the place
possessor
Notice that the conjugation
of Broken Plural is exactly as
()
()
()
we will study the Nominative sentence, and its two
main parts:
and you will see more examples of the different types
In the next file
of nouns and their conjugation.
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Page 10
