Practical File

Of
Python Programming
Using Artificial
Intelligence
24CAI1101
Submitted

in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

in

BE-COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

(AI)

CHITKARA UNIVERSITY

CHANDIGARH-PATIALA NATIONAL HIGHWAY

RAJPURA (PATIALA) PUNJAB-140401 (INDIA)

December, 2024

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Anand Singh Nitin Singh

Yadav (CSE-AI) 2410993432
Chitkara University, Punjab 1st sem,(2024-2028),G-35
 INDEX

Sr. Practical Name Page Teacher

No Number Signature
1. a) Write a Python Program to Calculate the Area of a
Triangle. 4-5
b) Write a Python Program to Swap two Variables.
c) Write a Python Program to Convert Celsius to
Fahrenheit.
2. a.) Write a Python Program to Check if a Number is Odd
or Even.
b.) Write a Python Program to Check if a Number is 6-7
Positive, Negative or 0.
c.) Write a Python Program to Check Armstrong Number.

3. a.) Write a Python program to check if a given number is

Fibonacci number?
b.) Write a Python program to print cube sum of first n 8-9
natural numbers.
c.) Write a Python program to print all odd numbers in a
range.
4. a.) Write a Python Program to Print Pascal Triangle
b.) WAP to Draw the following Pattern for n number:
11111 10-11
2222
333
44
5
5. Write a program with a function that accepts a string from
keyboard and create a new string after converting
character of each word capitalized. For instance, if the 12-13
sentence is “stop and smell the roses” the output should
be “Stop And Smell The Roses”
6. a.) Write a program that accepts a list from user. Your
program should reverse the content of list and display it.
Do not use reverse () method.
b) Find and display the largest number of a list without 14-15
using built-in function
max (). Your program should ask the user to input values
in list from keyboard.
7. Find the sum of each row of matrix of size m x n. 16-17
8. a) Write a program that reads a string from keyboard and
display: 18-19
* The number of uppercase letters in the string.
* The number of lowercase letters in the string.
* The number of digits in the string.
* The number of whitespace characters in the string.
b) Python Program to Find Common Characters in Two
Strings. 20-21
c) Python Program to Count The Number of Vowels in a
String.

9. a) Write a Python program to check if a specified element

presents in a tuple of tuples. 22-23
b) Write a Python program to remove an empty tuple(s)
from a list of tuples.
10. a) Write a Program in Python to Find the Differences
Between Two Lists Using Sets. 24-25
11. a) Write a Python program Remove duplicate values 26-27
across Dictionary Values.
b) Write a Python program to Count the frequencies in a 28-29
list using dictionary in Python.
12. a) Write a Python Program to Capitalize First Letter of
Each Word in a File. 30-31
b.) Write a Python Program to Print the Contents of File
in Reverse Order.
13. Write program to catch an exception and handle it using 32-33
try and except code blocks.
14. Write a Python Program to Append, Delete and Display 34-35
Elements of a List using Classes.
15. Write a Python Program to Find the Area and Perimeter 36-37
of the circle using Class.
16. Create an interactive application using Python's Tkinter 38-40
library for graphics programming.
Program 1(a): Write a Python Program to Calculate the Area of a Triangle.

Solution:

base = float(input("Enter the base of the triangle: "))

height = float(input("Enter the height of the triangle: "))
if base < 0 or height < 0:
print("Base and height must be non-negative numbers.")
else:
area = 0.5 * base * height
print(f"The area of the triangle is: {area}")

Program 1(b): Write a Python Program to Swap Two Variables.

Solution:
a= input("Enter the first variable (a): ")
b = input("Enter the second variable (b): ")
print ("First variable (a) before swapping =", a)
print ("Second variable (b) before swapping =", b)
temp = a
a=b
b = temp
print ("First variable (a) after swapping =", a)
print ("Second variable (b) after swapping =", b)

Program 1(c): Write a Python Program to Convert Celsius To Fahrenheit.

Solution:
celsius = float(input("Enter temperature in Celsius: "))
fahrenheit = (celsius * 9/5) + 32
print(f"{celsius}°C is equal to {fahrenheit}°F")
Program 1(a): Title of program: Python Program to Calculate the Area of a Triangle.
OUTPUT:

Program 1(b): Title of program: Write a Python Program to Swap Two Variables.

OUTPUT:
Program 1(c): Title of program: Write a Python Program to Convert Celsius to Fahrenheit .
OUTPUT:
Program 2(a): Write a Python Program to Check if a Number is Odd or Even.
Solution:
number=int(input("enter any number:"))

if number%2==0:
print("Even number")
else:
print("odd number")

Program 2(b): Write a Python Program to Check if a Number is Positive, Negative or 0.

Solution:

num=int(input("Enter a number :"))

if num>0:
print("The number is positive")
elif num<0:
print("the number is negative")
else:
print("The number is zero")

Program 2(c): Write a Python Program to Check Armstrong Number.

Solution:
num= int(input("Enter a number: "))
sum=0
temp=num
while temp>0:
digit= temp % 10
sum += digit ** 3
temp //=10
if num == sum:
print(num,"is an Armstrong number")
else:
print(num,"is not an Armstrong number")
OUTPUT: Program 2(a): Write a Python Program to Check if a Number is Odd or Even.

OUTPUT: Program 2(b): Write a Python Program to Check if a Number is Positive, Negative or 0 .

OUTPUT: Program 2(c): Write a Python Program to Check Armstrong Number.

Output:
Program 3(a): Write a Python program to check if a given number is Fibonacci number?

Solution:

num=int(input("Enter the number: "))

temp=1
k=0
a=0
summ=0
while summ<=num:
summ=temp+k
temp=summ
k=temp
if summ==num:
a=a+1
print("Yes. {} is a fibonnaci number".format(num))
break
if a==0:
print("No. {} is NOT a fibonacci number".format(num))

Program 3(b): Write a Python program to print cube sum of first n natural numbers.

Solution:

n=int(input("Enter The Number: "))

sum_n=(n * (n + 1) // 2) ** 2
print(sum_n)

Program 3(c): Write a Python program to print all odd numbers in a range.

Solution:

start = int(input("Enter the start of the range: "))

end = int(input("Enter the end of the range: "))
odd_numbers = [num for num in range(start, end + 1) if num % 2 != 0]
print(f"Odd numbers in the range {start} to {end}: {odd_numbers}")
Program 3(a): Title of program : Write a Python program to check if a given number is
Fibonacci number?
OUTPUT:

Program 3(b): Title of program : Write a Python program to print cube sum of first n natural
numbers.
OUTPUT:

Program 3(c): Title of program : Write a Python program to print all odd numbers in a range.
OUTPUT:
Program 4 (a): Write a Python Program to Print Pascal Triangle.

Solution:

def print_pascals_triangle(rows):
for i in range(rows):
print(' ' * (rows - i), end='')
num = 1
for j in range(i + 1):
print(num, end=' ')
num = num * (i - j) // (j + 1)
print()
num_rows = int(input("Enter number of rows: "))
print_pascals_triangle(num_rows)

Program 4 (b): WAP to Draw the following Pattern for n number:

11111
2222
333
44
5

Solution:

def print_pattern(n):
for i in range(1, n+1):
for j in range(1, i+1):
print(i, end=' ')
print()
# Example usage
n = int(input("Enter the number of rows: "))
print_pattern(n)
Program 4(a): Title of program: Write a Python Program to Print Pascal Triangle.

OUTPUT:

Program 4(b): Title of program: WAP to Draw the following Pattern for n number:
11111
2222
333
44
5

OUTPUT:
Program 5: Write a program with a function that accepts a string from keyboard and
create a new string after converting character of each word capitalized. For instance, if
the sentence is “stop and smell the roses” the output should be “Stop And Smell The
Roses”.

Solution:
def words(sentence):
return ' '.join(word.capitalize() for word in sentence.split())

# Example usage
sentence = input("Enter a sentence: ")
print(words(sentence))
Program 5: Title of program: Write a program with a function that accepts a
string from keyboard and create a new string after converting character of each
word capitalized. For instance, if the sentence is “stop and smell the roses” the
output should be “Stop And Smell The Roses”.

OUTPUT:
Program 6(a): Write a program that accepts a list from user. Your program should reverse
the content of list and display it. Do not use reverse () method.

Solution:

def reverse_list(input_list):
reversed_list = []
for i in range(len(input_list) - 1, -1, -1):
reversed_list.append(input_list[i])
return reversed_list

user_input = input("Enter a list of elements separated by commas: ")

input_list = [item.strip() for item in user_input.split(',')]
reversed_output = reverse_list(input_list)
print("Reversed list:", reversed_output)

Program 6(b): Find and display the largest number of a list without using built-in function
max (). Your program should ask the user to input values in list from keyboard.

Solution:

def find_largest_number(input_list):
largest = input_list[0]
for number in input_list:
if number > largest:
largest = number
return largest
user_input = input("Enter a list of numbers separated by commas: ")
input_list = [int(item.strip()) for item in user_input.split(',')]
largest_number = find_largest_number(input_list)
print("The largest number is:", largest_number)
Program 6(a): Title of program: Write a program that accepts a list from user. Your program
should reverse the content of list and display it. Do not use reverse () method.
OUTPUT:

Program 6(b): Title of program: Find and display the largest number of a list without using
built-in function max (). Your program should ask the user to input values in list from keyboard.
OUTPUT:
Program 7: Find the sum of each row of matrix of size m x n. For example, for the
following matrix output will be like this:

Sum of row 1 = 32
Sum of row 2 = 31
Sum of row 3 = 63

Solution:

matrix=[
[2,11,7,12],
[5,2,9,15],
[8,3,10,42]
]
sum1=matrix[0][0]+matrix[0][1]+matrix[0][2]+matrix[0][3]
sum2=matrix[1][0]+matrix[1][1]+matrix[1][2]+matrix[1][3]
sum3=matrix[2][0]+matrix[2][1]+matrix[2][2]+matrix[2][3]
print("Sum of row 1 =",sum1)
print ("Sum of row 2 =",sum2)
print("Sum of row 3 =",sum3)
Program 7: Title of program: Find the sum of each row of matrix of size m x n. For example,
for the following matrix output will be like this:

Sum of row 1 = 32
Sum of row 2 = 31
Sum of row 3 = 63

OUTPUT:
Program 8(a): Write a program that reads a string from keyboard and display:
* The number of uppercase letters in the string.
* The number of lowercase letters in the string.
* The number of digits in the string.
* The number of whitespace characters in the string.

Solution:

def read_string():
text = input('Enter a string: ')
lower = upper = digit = space = 0

for ch in text:
if ch.isupper():
upper += 1
elif ch.islower():
lower += 1
elif ch.isdigit():
digit += 1
elif ch == ' ':
space += 1

print('The number of uppercase letters:', upper)

print('The number of lowercase letters:', lower)
print('The number of digits:', digit)
print('The number of whitespace characters:', space)

read_string()
Program 8(a): Title of program: Write a program that reads a string from keyboard and display:
* The number of uppercase letters in the string.
* The number of lowercase letters in the string.
* The number of digits in the string.
* The number of whitespace characters in the string.

OUTPUT:
Program 8 (b): Python Program to Find Common Characters in Two Strings.
Solution:
def common(str1,str2):
for i in str1:
for j in str2:
if i==j:
print(i,end=" ")

a=input("enter a string: ")

b=input("enter a string: ")

common(a,b)
Program 8 (c): Python Program to Count the Number of Vowels in a String.

Solution:

def count_vowels():
s=input("Enter a string :")
vowels=0
for i in s:
if(i=='a' or i=='i' or i=='e' or i=='o' or i=='u' or i=='A' or i=='I' or i=='E' or i=='O' or
i=='U' ):
vowels= vowels+1

print("Numbers of vowels are :")

print(vowels)
count_vowels()
Program 8(b): Title of program: Python Program to Find Common Characters in
Two Strings.

OUTPUT:

Program 8(c): Title of program: Python Program to Count the Number of Vowels
in a String.

OUTPUT:
Program 9(a): Write a Python program to check if a specified element presents in a tuple
of tuples.
Original list:
((‘Red’ ,’White’ , ‘Blue’),(‘Green’, ’Pink’ , ‘Purple’), (‘Orange’, ‘Yellow’, ‘Lime’))
Check if White present in said tuple of tuples!
True
Check if Olive present in said tuple of tuples!
False

Solution:

def check_element_in_tuples(tuples, element):

for inner_tuple in tuples:
if element in inner_tuple:
return True
return False
original_tuples = (('Red', 'White', 'Blue'),
('Green', 'Pink', 'Purple'),
('Orange', 'Yellow', 'Lime'))
check1 = check_element_in_tuples(original_tuples, 'White')
check2 = check_element_in_tuples(original_tuples, 'Olive')
print(f"Check if 'White' present in said tuple of tuples: {check1}")
print(f"Check if 'Olive' present in said tuple of tuples: {check2}")

Program 9(b): Write a Python program to remove an empty tuple(s) from a list of tuples.
Sample data: [(), (), ('',), ('a', 'b'), ('a', 'b', 'c'), ('d')]
Expected output: [('',), ('a', 'b'), ('a', 'b', 'c'), 'd']

Solution:

def remove_empty_tuples(tuples_list):
return [t for t in tuples_list if t]
sample_data = [(), (), ('',), ('a', 'b'), ('a', 'b', 'c'), ('d',)]
result = remove_empty_tuples(sample_data)
print(result)
Program 9(a): Title of program: Write a Python program to check if a specified element
presents in a tuple of tuples.
Original list:
((‘Red’ ,’White’ , ‘Blue’),(‘Green’, ’Pink’ , ‘Purple’), (‘Orange’, ‘Yellow’, ‘Lime’))
Check if White present in said tuple of tuples!
True
Check if Olive present in said tuple of tuples!
False

OUTPUT:

Program 9(b): Title of program: Write a Python program to remove an empty tuple(s) from a
list of tuples.
Sample data: [(), (), ('',), ('a', 'b'), ('a', 'b', 'c'), ('d')]
Expected output: [('',), ('a', 'b'), ('a', 'b', 'c'), 'd']

OUTPUT:
Program 10: Write a Program in Python to Find the Differences Between Two
Lists Using Sets.

Solution:

list1 = ['1','2','3','4','5']
list2 = ['2','4','5']
set1 = set(list1)
set2 = set(list2)
list3 = list(set1.symmetric_difference(set2))
print(list3)
Program 10: Title of program: Write a Program in Python to Find the Differences
Between Two Lists Using Sets.

OUTPUT:
Program 11 (a): Write a Python program Remove duplicate values across Dictionary
Values.
Input : test_dict = {‘Manjeet’: [1], ‘Akash’: [1, 8, 9]}
Output : {‘Manjeet’: [], ‘Akash’: [8, 9]}
Input : test_dict = {‘Manjeet’: [1, 1, 1], ‘Akash’: [1, 1, 1]}
Output : {‘Manjeet’: [], ‘Akash’: []}

Solution:

def remove_duplicates(test_dict):
seen = set()
duplicates = set()

for values in test_dict.values():

for value in values:
if value in seen:
duplicates.add(value)
else:
seen.add(value)

result = {key: [value for value in values if value not in duplicates] for key, values in
test_dict.items()}

return result

test_dict1 = {'Manjeet': [1], 'Akash': [1, 8, 9]}

test_dict2 = {'Manjeet': [1, 1, 1], 'Akash': [1, 1, 1]}

print(remove_duplicates(test_dict1))
print(remove_duplicates(test_dict2))
Program 11(a): Title of program: Write a Python program Remove duplicate
values across Dictionary Values.
Input : test_dict = {‘Manjeet’: [1], ‘Akash’: [1, 8, 9]}
Output : {‘Manjeet’: [], ‘Akash’: [8, 9]}
Input : test_dict = {‘Manjeet’: [1, 1, 1], ‘Akash’: [1, 1, 1]}
Output : {‘Manjeet’: [], ‘Akash’: []}

OUTPUT:
Program 11(b): Write a Python program to Count the frequencies in a list
using dictionary in Python.
Input : [1, 1, 1, 5, 5, 3, 1, 3, 3, 1,4, 4, 4, 2, 2, 2, 2]
Output :
1:5
2:4
3:3
4:3
5:2
Explanation : Here 1 occurs 5 times, 2 occurs 4 times and so on...
Solution:
def count_frequencies(input_list):
frequency_dict = {}
for number in input_list:
if number in frequency_dict:
frequency_dict[number] += 1
else:
frequency_dict[number] = 1
return frequency_dict
input_list = [1, 1, 1, 5, 5, 3, 1, 3, 3, 1, 4, 4, 4, 2, 2, 2, 2]
frequencies = count_frequencies(input_list)
for number, count in frequencies.items():
print(f"{number} : {count}")
Program 11(b): Title of program: Write a Python program to Count the
frequencies in a list using dictionary in Python.
Input : [1, 1, 1, 5, 5, 3, 1, 3, 3, 1,4, 4, 4, 2, 2, 2, 2]
Output :
1:5
2:4
3:3
4:3
5:2
Explanation : Here 1 occurs 5 times, 2 occurs 4 times and so on...
OUTPUT:
Program 12(a): Write a Python Program to Capitalize First Letter of Each Word in a File.
Solution:

def capitalize_first_letter_of_each_word(input_string):
capitalized_string = input_string.title()
return capitalized_string
if name == " main ":
input_string =input("enter something: ")
result = capitalize_first_letter_of_each_word(input_string)
print(result)

Program 12(b): Write a Python Program to Print the Contents of File in Reverse Order.
Solution:
def reverse_string(input_string):
reversed_string = input_string[::-1]
return reversed_string

if name == " main ":

input_string =input("enter something: ")
result = reverse_string(input_string)
print(result)
Program 12(a): Title of Program: Write a Python Program to Capitalize First
Letter of Each Word in a File.
OUTPUT:

Program 12(b): Write a Python Program to Print the Contents of File in Reverse
Order.
OUTPUT:
Program 13: WAP to catch an
exception and handle it using try and except code blocks.
Solution:
def integer():
while True:
try:
n = int(input("ENTER A VALID INTEGER: "))
print("You entered the integer: ",n)
break
except ValueError:
print("That's not a valid integer. Please try again.")
integer()
Program 13: Title of Program: WAP to catch an exception and handle it using
try and except code blocks.
OUTPUT:
Program 14: Write a Python Program to Append, Delete and Display Elements
of a List using Classes.
Solution:

def app(a):
x=int(input("ENTER THE NUMBER TO BE AAPENDED: "))
a.append(x)
print("LIST AFTER APPENDING:",a)
def delete(a):
x=int(input("ENTER THE NUMBER YOU WANT TO DELETE: "))
a.remove(x)
print("LIST AFTER DELETION:",a)

list=[]
n=int(input("ENTER THE NUMBER OF ELEMENTS"))
for i in range(n):
x=int(input())
list.append(x)
print("ORIGINAL LIST:",list)
app(list)
delete(list)
Program 14: Title of Program: Write a Python Program to Append, Delete and
Display Elements of a List using Classes.
OUTPUT:
Program 15: Write a Python Program to Find the Area and Perimeter of the
Circle using Class.
Solution:

def area(n):
return (3.14)*r*r
def per(m):
return 2*(3.14)*r
r=float(input("ENTER THE RADIUS OF THE CIRCLE: "))
j=area(r)
k=per(r)
print("AREA OF CIRCLE:",j)
print("PERIMETER OF CIRCLE:",k)
Program 15: Title of Program: Write a Python Program to Find the Area and
Perimeter of the Circle using Class.
OUTPUT:
Program 16: Create an interactive application using Python's Tkinter library
for graphics programming.
Solution:

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import colorchooser

# Initialize the main application window

root = tk.Tk()
root.title("Interactive Graphics Application")
root.geometry("600x500")

# Global variables
current_color = "black"
current_shape = "circle"

# Function to change color using a color picker dialog

def change_color():
global current_color
color = colorchooser.askcolor()[1]
if color:
current_color = color
color_button.config(bg=color)

# Function to set the shape to circle

def set_circle():
global current_shape
current_shape = "circle"

# Function to set the shape to square

def set_square():
global current_shape
current_shape = "square"

# Function to clear the canvas

def clear_canvas():
canvas.delete("all")
# Function to draw shapes on mouse click
def draw_shape(event):
x, y = event.x, event.y
size = 30 # Size of the shape

if current_shape == "circle":
canvas.create_oval(x - size, y - size, x + size, y + size, fill=current_color, outline="")
elif current_shape == "square":
canvas.create_rectangle(x - size, y - size, x + size, y + size, fill=current_color, outline="")

# Creating a canvas for drawing

canvas = tk.Canvas(root, bg="white")
canvas.pack(fill="both", expand=True)
canvas.bind("<Button-1>", draw_shape)

# Color change button

color_button = tk.Button(root, text="Choose Color", command=change_color, bg=current_color)
color_button.pack(side="left", padx=10, pady=10)

# Shape selection buttons

circle_button = tk.Button(root, text="Circle", command=set_circle)
circle_button.pack(side="left", padx=10, pady=10)

square_button = tk.Button(root, text="Square", command=set_square)

square_button.pack(side="left", padx=10, pady=10)

# Clear button
clear_button = tk.Button(root, text="Clear", command=clear_canvas)
clear_button.pack(side="left", padx=10, pady=10)

# Run the main application loop

root.mainloop()
OUTPUT: