Math Ability Test I

1. The ratio of two numbers is 6:7. If the larger number is 42, what is the smaller one?
a) 18 c) 6 e) 36
b) 7 d) 42
Solution: 7x = 6 (42), now solve for x.
𝑥 6 6(42)
Given: 𝑦 = 7 x = 7 is equal to
Let y=42, and find the value of x. x=
252
7
Substitute y=42 into the equation
𝑥 6 x = 36.
42
= 7 , then cross multiply to solve for x.

2. In a bag of marbles, the ratio of the number of green marbles to the number of blue marbles is 4 to 5.If
there are 48 green marbles, how many blue marbles are in the bag?
a) 5 c) 60
b) 15 d)

SOLUTION:Let’s denote the number of green x = 12, we all know that blue marble as a 5x,
marbles as 4x and the number of blue marbles substitute the result 12 to x,
as 5x, where x is a common factor. Given that 5(12) = 60. Therefore there are 60 blue marbles
there are 48 green marbles (4x = 48), solve for in the bag.
x:
4𝑥 48
4
= 4
3. A certain factory employs 60 workers. If 4 out of every 5 workers are married, how many married
workers are employed by the factory?
a) 16 b) 20 c) 60 d) 75 e) 48
SOLUTION:
4
5
x 60 = 240/5 = 48
Therefore, there are 48 married workers employed by the factory.
4. In a class of 200 students, the ratio of boys to girls is 2:3. How many girls are in the class?
a) 30 c) 60 e) 120
b) 40 d) 60

Solution: x= 40
2x + 3x = 5x. To find the number of girls:
To solve for x: Number of girls = 3x = (3)(40) = 120
x = 200/5 So, there are 120 girls in the class

5. If the ratio of boys to girls in a classroom is 1 to 3, what percent of the class is girls?
a) 15 c) 9,000
b) 40 d) 8
e) 75%

Solution: Step 2: Divide girls’ ratio to the total ratio. Then

Step 1: Add the ratio of boys to girls multiply by 100 to get the percentage.
1 (boys) + 3 (girls) = 4 (total ratio) 3
x 100 = 75%
4
Answer: e) 75%
6. A paint mixture contains yellow, blue and red in a 3:2:1 ratio, respectively. If the mixture contains twelve
pints of yellow paint, how many many pints are there altogether?
a) 9 b) 12 c) 15 d) 16 e) 24
Solution:
Based on the given conditions, formulate: 12 x (1+3+2) ÷ 3. Calculate the sum or difference:12 x (6) ÷ 3.
Cross out the common factor:4 × 6. Calculate the product or quotient: 24.
7. Oil is poured into a large, empty tank at the rate of 500 gallons per minute. At the same time, oil is
leaking out at a rate of 300 gallons per minute. If it takes 1 hour to fill, how many gallons of oil can the
tank hold?
a) 5,000 c) 9,000 e) 15, 000
b) 6,000 d) 12, 000
Solution:
Given: 500g/m - 300g/m = 60 minutes
𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑡
= 500g/m
The barrel will be full in one hour at the rate of
𝑑𝑣
200g/m
𝑑𝑡
= -300g/m
200g/m × 60m = x
t = 1 hour = 60 minutes
12,000g = x
x = amount the tank can hold
Therefore the barrel can hold 12,000g of oil.
8. A 40-meter flagpole casts a 10-meter shadow. Ifa flower casts a 32-millimeter shadow, how many
millimeters tall is the flower?
a. 1 c. 8
b. 4 d. 10
e. 12

Solution: ℎ𝑓 ℎ
Then = 𝑠 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
Let hf be the flagpole’s height, hf= 40 𝑠𝑓 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
meters 40, 000𝑚𝑚 ℎ𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
Let sf be the flagpole shadow length, sf= 10, 000𝑚𝑚
= 32𝑚𝑚
ℎ𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟
10 meters 4mm= 32𝑚𝑚
Let sflower be the flower shadow length,
sflower = 32 millimeters ℎ𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 =(4mm)(32mm)
Let hflower flower’s height, hflower=____ ℎ𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟=128mm
Convert meters to millimeters:
1, 000𝑚𝑚 Therefore, the flower is 128 millimeters
40m ( 1𝑚 )= 40, 000mm tall.
1, 000𝑚𝑚
10m ( 1𝑚
)= 10, 000mm
9. If a water removal machine can suck 50 gallons of water every thirty seconds, how many gallons of
water can it suck in one hour?
a) 1,500 c) 6,000 e) 9,000
b) 3,000 d) 7,500

Given: 50 gal in 30 s = 100 gals

60s = 1 min 1 hr = 100 gal x 60
1 hr = 60 min = 6000
Therefore, the water removal machine can suck
Solution: 6,000 gallons of water in one hour
1 min = 50 gal x 2
10. A 30-meter long steel cylindrical pipe of uniform constitution is cut into two pieces. One piece is 24
meters and weighs 16 kilograms. What was the weight, in kilograms, of the pipe before it was cut?
a) 20 c) 24 e) 32
b) 22 d) 28

Solution : proportion based on the lengths of the two

To find the weight of the entire steel cylindrical pieces and their respective weights.
pipe before it was cut, we can set up a Let x be the weight of the entire pipe in
kilograms.
The proportion can be set up as follows: 24x = 30 x 16
24 meters /30 meters = 16 kg/x 24x = 480
Now, solving for x:
Cross-multiplying, we get: x = 480/24
x=2

11. If the ratio of red to black ribbons in a box is 8 to 9, what fractional part of the ribbon is red?
1 1 8 9
a) 9 b) 8 c) 17 d) 17
8 (𝑟𝑒𝑑)
Answer: C - Given ratio: Red to Black = 8 to 9. 8 (red) + 9 (black) = 17, Fraction of red ribbons: 17 (𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙)
8 8
= 17
. Therefore, 17
.

12. Aqua pint is made by combining 2 parts green paint with 5 parts blue paint. Indigo paint is made by
combining 3 parts blue paint with 2 parts violet paint. If equal amounts of aqua paint and indigo paint are
mixed, blue paint will be what fraction of the resulting mixture?
46 2 15
a) 35 c) 3 e) 23
6 23
b) 7
d) 35
Solution:
Aqua paint: 2 parts green, 5 parts blue
( )
5 3 46
+5 23
Indigo paint: 3 parts blue, 2 parts violet
7
2
= 35
2
= 35

Therefore, the fractions of blue paint in the

5
7
(5 parts blue paint out of a total of 7 parts) 23
resulting mixture is 35 .
3
5
( 3 parts blue paint out of a total of 5 parts)

13. The number of telephones in Pasig City is 48,000. If there are 37.5 phones per 100 people. What is
the population of Pasig City to the nearest thousand?
a. 128,000 b. 375,000 c. 478,000 d. 556,000 e. 614,000
Solution:
48,000 telephones ÷ 37.5 phones per 100 people = 1,280 groups of 100 in the population.
1,280 × 100 = 128,000, therefore, there are 128,000 population in Pasig City. Answer: A
14. At Randy Barcelona High, the total number of girls in the combined junior and senior classes is equal
to the total number of boys in those two classes. If the senior class has 400 students and the junior class
has 300 students and if the ratio of boys to girls in the senior dass is 5 to 3, what is the ratio ofboys to
girls in junior class?
a) 2:5
b) 1:2
c) 5:9
d) 7:9
Solution: The senior class has 400 students. The boys:girls ratio in that class is 5:3, which means for
every 8 students there are 5 boys and 3 girls. 400/8=50; 50x5=250; 50x3=150. There are 250 boys and
150 girls in the senior class. The total number of boys in the junior and senior classes combined is equal
to the total number of girls in those classes combined, so the junior class must have 100 more girls than
boys to make up for the 100 more boys than girls in the senior class. There are 300 students in the senior
class–200 girls and 100 boys. The boys:girls ratio is 1:2.
Junior class: 200 girls, 100 boys; 300 students total
Senior class: 150 girls, 250 boys; 400 students total
TOTAL: 350 girls, 350 boys
15. (3²)²
a) 18 c) 81 e) 6561
b) 27 d) 729

Solution: (3²)² = (9)² = 81

 1
16. ( 3 )²
1 1
a) 3
c) 9
1 1
b) 6
d) 27
1 1 1 1
Solution: ( )² = ( )( ) = 3 3 3 9
2 2 5
2𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
17. 4 3 6
simplify
𝑎𝑏𝑐
2𝑎𝑐 𝑎𝑐 2
a) 2 b) 2 d)
𝑏
𝑏 2𝑏 𝑎𝑐
c)
2𝑏 e) 2abc
𝑎𝑐
solution: 2
2 −1 −1
𝑚 𝑚 𝑎𝑏 𝑐
𝑚−𝑛 𝑎 𝑚−𝑛 𝑏
𝑎 = 𝑛 and 𝑏 = 𝑛 2
𝑎 𝑏 2
2−4 5 𝑎 𝑏𝑐
2𝑎 −3𝑐 −6
2𝑏
1 thus, 𝑎𝑐
18. If x=-2, which of the following is the least in value?
a) 1-x c) 1/x e) x3
b) 1+x d) x2
Solution: By substituting the value of x to every options,
1-(-2)=3, 1+(-2)=-1, 1/-2=-½, (-2)2=4, (-2)3=-8. Therefore, the answer is e.

19. 10,000 + (3 × 10²) =

a) 4,000 c) 10,030 e) 13,000
b) 10,003 d) 10,300

Solution:
10, 000 + (3 × 10²) = 10, 000 + (3 × 100) = 10, 000 + 300 = 10, 300
20. (3 2) (2 32)
a) 48 c) 96 e) 384
b) 64 d) 112

Answer: A
Solution: (3 2) (2 32)= (3)(2)( (2)32)
= 6( 64)
= 6(8) = 48.
21. ( 12)( 3)
a.) (2 3)( 3) c.) 4 e.) 6
b.) 15 d.) 3 2

Solution: ( 12)( 3) = (2 3)( 3)

( 12)( 3) (2 3)( 3) = 2( 3· 3) = 2(3)
12 = 4·3 = 4 · 3 = 2 3 22·3 = 6
Therefore, ( 12)( 3) 𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑡𝑜 6.
5 2 3
22. ⎡⎢ 3 ⎤⎥⎡⎢ 4 ⎤⎥
𝑥 𝑥𝑦
⎣ 𝑦 ⎦⎣ 𝑦𝑥 ⎦ 7 3 3
2 3 𝑥 3 2 𝑦 𝑥
a.) 𝑥 𝑦 b.) 2 c.) 𝑥 𝑦 d.) 2 e.) 𝑦
𝑦 𝑥
Soln
5 2 3 5 2
⎡ 𝑥 ⎤⎡ 𝑥 𝑦 ⎤ = ⎡ 𝑥 ⎤⎡ 𝑦 ⎤ ( Reduce the equation into lowest term)
⎢ 𝑦3 ⎥⎢ 𝑦𝑥4 ⎥ ⎢ 𝑦3 ⎥⎢ 𝑥2 ⎥
⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦⎣ ⎦
 5 2
𝑥𝑦
= 3 2 (Multiply the two equation, the result is this)
𝑦𝑥
3
𝑥
= 𝑦
(Reduce the product into simplest form)

23. (3x²2y)² =
a) 36x²y² c) 3x⁴y²
b) 13 xy d) 36x⁴y²

Solution:
(3x²2y)² = (3²x⁴2y²)
= 9x⁴4y²
= 36x⁴y²

24. Which of the following is/are true.

I. 13² = 169
II. 3⁸ = 8³
III. 11⁶= 66

a. I only c. III only e. I, II, and III

b. II only d. I and II only

Answer: A. I only.

Solution:

13² = 13 × 1 = 169. Therefore, I. is true since 13² = 169.

(
25. −
3
4 ) k
will be greatest for which of the following values of k?
a) 5 b) 4 c) 3 d) 2 e) 1
Solution:
k = 2; − ( 3
4 ) 2
=
9
16
(4𝑥)³
26. If 𝑥 ≠ 0 , −4𝑥³
= _____
a) -16 c) 4
b) -1 d) 8

Answer: A. -16
3
(4𝑥)³ 64𝑥 64
Solution: −4𝑥³
= 3 = −4
= -16
−4𝑥
27. (23)²+2(23)(17)+(17)²
a)550 b)1,600 c)850 d)900 e)1,000
Solution:
(23)²+2(23)(17)+(17)²
=529+782+289
=1600
Answer:B
3 5 7
28. If 𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 < 0 and b > 0, which of the following must be true?
I. ab < 0
II. ac < 0
2 2
III. 𝑎 𝑐 > 0
 a) I only c) III only e) I, II, III
b) II only d) II and III only

Solution:
Let a = 1, b = 2, and c = -3.
Then,
I. ab < 0 → (1)(2) < 0 → 2 < 0
II. ac < 0 → (1)(-3) < 0 → -3 < 0
2 2 2 2
III. 𝑎 𝑐 > 0 → 1 − 3 > 0 → 9 > 0
Therefore, only II and III are true.

29. (x^6-x^5-x^4)/(x^3-x^2-x^1 )=
a) x^2 c) x^3 e) -x^3
b) x d) -x
Solution:
Use the long division
(x^6-x^5-x^4)/(x^3-x^2-x^1 )=x^3

Answer: C. x^3

1 1
30. 11 - 12 =
10 10
1 1 −9
a) 10
c) 12 d) 12
10 10
9
b) 12
10

Solution:
1 1 1
11 − 12 = 12 (10 − 1)
10 10 10
1
= 12 (9)
10
9
= 12
10
Answer: B

31. If the average (arithmetic mean) of n, n, 52 and 48 is 40, then n=

a) 60 c) 40
b) 42 d) 30

Solution: Multiply both sides by 4 to eliminate the fraction:

To find the value of n, we'll start by calculating 2n + 100 = 40 x 4
the arithmetic mean of the given numbers: 2n + 100 = 160
Average = Sum of numbers / Number of Now, subtract 100 from both sides:
numbers 2n = 160 - 100
Given that the average of n, n, 52, and 48 is 40, 2n = 60
we can write: Divide both sides by 2 to isolate n:
𝑛+𝑛+52+48 60
4
= 40 𝑛= 2
Now, let's simplify this equation: n = 30
2𝑛+100
= 40 So, the value of n is 30.
4

32. Three tankers each carry 10,000 tons of oil and a fourth tanker carries 16,000 tons. What is the
average (arithmetic mean) number of tons carried by each of the four tankers?
a) 10,000 c) 10,500
b) 10,050 d) 11,500
Solution:
(𝑆𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑤𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘𝑒𝑟)
Arithmetic Mean = (𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑘𝑒𝑟)
(10,000+10,000+10,000+16,000)
= 4
46,000
= 4
= 11,500
33. Long distance runners Richard, Sabina, and Rae complete the marathon in 2 hours 10 minutes, 2
hours 15 minutes and 2 hours 35 min s, respectively. What is the average (arithmetic mean) time it takes
the three runners to complete the marathon?
a) 2 hours 15 minutes b) 2 hours 20 minutes
c) 2 hours 25 minutes d) 2 hours 30 minutes

Solution:
(𝑅𝑖𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑑'𝑠 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 + 𝑆𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑛𝑎'𝑠 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 + 𝑅𝑎𝑒'𝑠 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒)
Average time = 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑢𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑟𝑠
(2 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 10 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 + 2 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 15 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 + 2 ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟𝑠 35 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠)
= 3
(130 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 + 135 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 + 155 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠) (420 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠)
= 3
= 3
= 140 minutes or 2 hours 20 minutes
34. A certain elevator has a maximum weight capacity of 1500 pounds. If four bOxes with an average
weight of 200 pounds are packed on the elevator along with a man weighing 200 pounds, how much
additional weight in pounds is allowable?
a) 1150 c) 700
b) 500 d) 65

Solution:
Total weight of 4 boxes and a man:
200 pounds (4 boxes) + 200 pounds =1000 pounds
Additional weight in pounds that is allowable:
1500 pounds - 1000 pounds = 500 pounds
Therefore, the elevator can accommodate an additional 500 pounds of weight.
 Ratio and Proportion

1.If the ratio of a to b is and b is 56, then a is equal to?

a) 49 c) 32
b) 16 d) 59
Solution: And cross-multiply to solve a.
𝑎 4
Given: 𝑏 = 7 , find a, when b = 56 7a = 4 (56)
4(56)
Then, we substitute b=56 a= 7
𝑎 4 244
56
= 7
a= 7
a = 32.

2. Find the ratio of 14 ½ into 3 days.

.a). 29 : 6 c). 29 : 48
b). 29 : 144 d). 29 : 36

SOLUTION: Now, substitute this into the ratio expression:

To find the ratio of 14 1/2 into 3, you can 29
Ratio: 2 /3
express 14 1/2 as an improper fraction and then
To simplify, multiply the numerator by 2:
find the ratio : 29
1 Ratio: 6
Ratio: 14 2 /3
So, the ratio of 14 1/2 to 3 is 29:6
First, convert 14 1/2 to an improper fraction:
1 29
14 2 = 2

3.If x is the mean proportional of 4 and 9, then x could be _______.

a) 4 c) 6
b) 3 d) 36
Solution:
x = (𝑎)(𝑏)
x = (4)(9)
x = 36
x=6

4. Find x if it is a mean proportional of (x-2) and (x-3)

a) 2 c) 6/5
b) 3 d) 5/6
Solution: x2=x2−5x+6.
x= (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 3) x2-x2=−5x+6
x2=(x-2)(x-3) 5x=6
2 2
x =x −3x−2x+6 x=6/5
5. Subtracting 8% of x from x is the same as multiplying x by what number?
a) .92 c) 1.92
b) .08 d) 1.08
Solution:
Subtracting 8% of x from x can be written as:
X - 0.08x = 0.92x
Therefore, Subtracting 8% of x from x is the same as multiplying by 0.92.
Answer: a) 0.92
6. Let 5% of y be added to y; then add 5% of the result to the result. The final answer is equal to y
multiplied by what number?
a. 1.1025 b. 1.25 c. 0.25 d. 2.25
Solution:
Add 5% of y to y: y+ 0.05y = 1.05
Then, add 5% of the result to the result: 1.05y +0.05(1.05y) = 1.05y + 0.0525y = 1.1025y
So, the final answer is equal to y multiplied by 1.1025.

7. If x is diminished by 33 13% of itself the result is 42, then x is equal to:

a) 63 c) 28
b) 75 3
1 d) 14
Solution:

STEP 1
1
x- x(33 3 %) = 42

100
x - x( 3
%) = 42

STEP 2

100 1
x - x (0.33) = 42 OR x - x( 3
· 100
) = 42

1
x(1 - 0.33) = 42 x - x( 3
) = 42

1
x (0.66) = 42 x(1 - 3
) = 42

𝑥 (0.66) 42 2
0.66
= 0.66
x ( 3 ) =42

x = 63 2x =126

𝑥 126
2
= 2

x = 63

8.When x is increased by 25% of itself, the result is 45. Find the value of x.
a) 9 c) 36
b) 56.25 c) 40
4𝑥+𝑥
4
=45
Solution: 5𝑥
25 =45
We know that 25%=0.25= 100 . 4
5x=180
So, 5𝑥 180
25 = 5
x+ 100 x=45 5
𝑥 x=36
x+ 4 =45 Therefore, the value of x is 36.

9. If a : b = 13: 7, find the ratio of (a + b) to (a - b).

a)
6:5 c) 10:3
b) 3 :10 d) 2

Given: a= 13
b= 7
Solution:
 (𝑎+𝑏)
(a + b) : (a - b) = (𝑎−𝑏) )
(13+7)
= (13−7)
(20)
= (6)
(10)
= (3)
or 10:3

10. If x:y = 5:3, find (x+y) : (x-y)

a) 5:3 c) 1:4
b) 3:5 d) 4:1

Solution : greatest common factor, which is 2:

Given that ( x:y = 5:3 ), let's assign values to (x+y) : (x-y) = 4 :1
these variables. Let x = 5 and y = 3
(x+y) : (x-y) = (5+3) : (5-3)

Simplify the ratios:

(x+y) : (x-y) = 8: 2
Reduce the ratio by dividing both terms by the

11. What is the ratio of a to b if (a - b) : (a + b) = 3 : 7?

a) 2:5 c) 1:4
b) 5:2 d) 4:1

Answer: B - Express a and b in terms of x and y: a = ax, b = b. Substitute: (ax - by) : (ax + by) = 3 : 7.
Compare: ax - by = 3k, ax + by = 7k(where k is a constant). Add: 2ax = 10k, ax = 5k. Subtract : 2by = 4k,
𝑎𝑥 5𝑘 𝑥 5
by = 2k. Divide: 𝑏𝑦 = ( 2𝑘 ), 𝑦 = 2 . Therefore, a to b is 5 : 2.

12. What is the ratio of a to b if (a + b) : (a - b) = 9 : 4

a) 13 : 5 b) 5 : 3 c) 13 : 2 d) 5 : 13

Solution: 5𝑎 = 13𝑏
(𝑎 + 𝑏) : (𝑎 − 𝑐) = 9: 4 1 1
5
× 5𝑎 = 5 × 13𝑏
𝑎+𝑏 9
𝑎−𝑏
= 4 13
𝑎= 5
𝑏
4(𝑎 + 𝑏) = 9(𝑎 − 𝑏)
𝑎: 𝑏 = 13: 5 .
4𝑎 + 4𝑏 = 9𝑎 − 9𝑏
9𝑎 − 4𝑎 = 9𝑏 + 4𝑏

13. 2 1/4 lbs. of cheese and 2 1/2 doz of eggs cost ₱ 225.00, of which amount 30% was for eggs. What
is the cost of the cheese per lbs.?
a. ₱ 30 b. ₱ 100 c. ₱ 333.33 d. ₱ 70

Solution: 157. 5÷2

1
= 70
4
2 ¼ lbs. of cheese +2 ½ doz eggs cost ₱225.00
Therefore, the cost of cheese per lbs is ₱70.
Since 30% is for egg, then 70% for cheese
Answer: D
0. 70 × 225 = 157. 5

14. A salesmans salary is P10,000 plus 80% of a special fund amounting to x. 7% of the total amount he
receives is P 868. Find the value of x.
a)
P 12,400 c) P 3,000
b) P 760.76 d) P 5,000
Answer: c) P 3,000
Solution: “80% of a special fund is x” means 0.80x. The total amount is (10000 + 0.80x) “7% of the total
amount he receives is P868” means (10000 + 0.80x)0.07 = 868, 700 + 0.056x = 868, 0.056x = 168.

15. Find two numbers in the ratio 15:8 and differs by 21.
a) 24:3
b) 45:24
c) 75:54
d) 3:24
Solution:
First number: 15x
Second number: 8x
15x - 8x = 21 First number: 15 (3) = 45
7x = 21 Second number: 8 (3) = 24
x=3 Ratio: 45:24

16. Two numbers are in the ratio 3:10. By adding 25 to each, we get two new numbers in the ratio 8 : 15.
Find the original numbers.
a) 3 : 10 c) 12 : 40
b) 9 : 30 d) 15 : 50
25
Solution: 3x + 10 𝑥+ 25 = 15
8 35x = 175
x =5
15(3x+25) = 8(
First number = 3x = 3(5) = 15
+25)
Second Number = 10x = 10(5) = 50.
45x+375 = 80x+200
35x = 175
ANS. 15 : 50
To solve for x,
17. A dealer raises the price of a 24,000php air conditioning unit by 12.5%. To restore the previous
price, he must reduce the price by what percent?
a) 12.5% c) 15%
1
b) 11 9 % d) 10%

SOLUTION: now,
Given: IxP 1=( 1.125) ( 1-r )
Let, i= 12.5% = 0.125 x P 1−𝑟=
1
1
Q= P + 0.125 x P 1.125

Q=P( 1+0.125) 1
r=1- 1.125
P= Q9 1-r) subs., the expression Q from step 2
find the r to restore the original price.
P= P( 1+ 0.125) ( 1-r) 1
r= 0.1111 or r= 11 9 % .

18. A bookstore raises the prices of all its items by 25% every June. Every October they offer a cut-price
sale, after which they only restore the original prices before June of that year. To do this, they must
reduce the price of each item by how many percent?
a) 18% c) 22%
b) 20% d) 25%
The reduction percentage can be calculated as follows:
Reduction percentage = (Initial price - Final price)/Initial price × 100
125−100 25
Reduction percentage = 125 × 100 = 125 × 100 = 20%

19. A Kaing of lanzones costing ₱700 was sold partly at 7% loss and the remaining at 13% profit. The
total proceeds were ₱741. Find the cost of the part that was sold at 13% profit.
a) ₱91 b) ₱250
 c) ₱450 d) ₱96.33

Solution:
Total Cost of Lanzones = ₱700
Total Proceeds of Lanzones = ₱741
Sold at 7% loss = 0.93x
Sold at 13% profit = 1.13x
𝑥 + 𝑦 = 700 0. 93 (700 – 𝑦) + 1. 13𝑦 = 741
𝑥 = 700 – 𝑦 651 – 0. 93𝑦 + 1. 13𝑦 = 741
651 + 0. 2𝑦 = 741
0. 2𝑦 = 741 – 651
0.2𝑦 90
0.2
= 0.2
𝑦 = 450
To find the cost if the part that was sold
at 13% profit, we have Therefore, the cost of the part that was
0. 93𝑥 + 1. 13𝑦 = 741 sold at 13% profit is ₱450

20. Separate 360 into 2 parts such that one is 125% of the other.

a) 120 : 240 c) 160 : 200

b) 150 : 210 d) 170 : 190
Answer: C 160:200

Solution: Solve for x

360
𝑥 = 2.25 = 160
The sum of the two parts is 360:
x + 1.25x = 360
so,the smaller part is 160, and the larger part is
2.25x = 360
1.25 x 160 = 200

21. Separate 525 into 2 parts such that one is 75% of the other.
a) 325:200 c) 450: 75
b) 275:250 d) 300:225
Solution.
Let's represent the two parts as x and y, where y is 75% of x.
525
𝑥 = 1.75 = 300
𝑦 = 0. 75 × 300 = 225
Therefore, the two parts are 300:225, and indeed, 225 is 75% of 300, and their sum is 525.
22. A beaker holds a cubic centimeter of water. How many Beakers are necessary to hold b cubic
centimeter of water? ( Assume that b is multiple of a).

Soln.: Since each beaker holds "a" cubic centimeters of water, dividing the total volume "b" by the
capacity of each beaker "a" gives the number of beakers needed, represented by the ratio "b/a." This is
based on the assumption that "b" is a multiple of "a," ensuring a whole number of beakers are required to
contain the given volume.

23. A solution is made by mixing x grams of pure salt to y grams of water. What percent of the solution is
salt?

a) 100x / x + y % c) 100 / x + y %
b) 100y / x + y % d) x + y / 100 %
24. In a grade school canteen, a big jug of juice can serve 24 children or 15 teachers. In 1 recess time,
132 school children and 30 teachers were served. How many jugs would remain unconsumed if 10 jugs
were brought into the canteen.
1
a) 2 1
c) 2 2
b) 1 d) 3

Answer: C. 2 ½

Solution: (ii) b = no. of teachers / teacher served per jug

a = no. of consumed jugs of children = 30 / 15
b = no. of consumed jugs of =2
teachers (iii). c = 5.5 + 2
c=a+b = 7.5 jugs
d = no. of unconsumed jugs of juice (iv). d = 10 - c
= 10 - 7.5
(i) . a = no. of children / children served per jug = 2.5 jugs of juice
= 132 / 24 (v). Therefore, there are 2 and a half remaining
= 5.5 jugs of unconsumed juice.

25. In planning for an outing, the group purchases enough hotdogs to allow each of the 30 expected
persons, who will join, 5 hotdogs. If 5 fewer actually joined, how many more hotdogs will each one get?
a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4
Solution:
30 persons x 5 hotdogs/person = 150 hotdogs
30 persons – 5 persons = 25 persons
6 hotdogs – 5 hotdogs = 1 hotdog more each person

26. A certain item is sold at D pesos per gross. what is the price in cents of x items ? ( 1 gross = 44 units
).
36𝑥 25𝐷𝑥
a) 25𝐷 c) 36
25𝐷 36𝐷𝑥
b) 36𝑥
d) 25
25𝐷𝑥
Answer: C. 36
Solution: cost per unit : cost per gross \ number of unit per gross
cost per item in cents: cost per unit x 100
total cost for item x : cost per item in cents x x
𝐷
= 144 × 100 × 𝑥
100𝐷𝑥
= 144
25𝐷𝑥
= 36
27. At the price of 3 guavas for 12.60 pesos, how many guavas can be bought for 37.80 pesos?
a)9 b)10 c)12 d)15
Solution
12.60÷3= 4.20, it means guava is priced 4.20 pesos each
37.80÷4.20= 9, therefore we can say that we can buy 9 guavas with 37.80 pesos

Answer: A
8. A rectangular sheet of cardboard is cut down by 10% of its length and 20% of its width. What is the
ratio of the new area and the original?
a) 18:25 b) 9:10 c) 1:2 d) 10:9
 10 20 18
Solution: Ratio = (1 - 100
) x (1 - 100
) = 25
= 0. 9 x 0.8 = 18:25 Therefore, the ratio of the new
= 0.72 area and the original is 18:25.
72
= 100
29. In a right triangle, the ratio of the legs is 3:4. If the area of the triangle is 726 m2, what is the length of
the hypotenuse?
a) 25 c) 55
b) 50 d) 30

Given: Let b= 3x, let h=4x, Area of the triangle=726 m2

Solution: Length of h= b
Area = ½ bh Using Pythagorean theorem
726=1/2( 3x)(4x) c2 =a2 +b2
1452=12x2 c2 =332 +442
x2=121 c2 =3025
x=11 c =55
Length of b(3x)=3*11=33 Therefore, the length of the hypotenuse is 55
Length of h(4x)=4*11=44 meters.
Let : Length of b = a Answer: c) 55

1
30. If x= 4y, how many sixths of y does 12
of x represent?

a) 0 c) 2
b) 1 d) 3
Solution:
1 1 1
12
of x= 12 x= 3 y
1
3
y represents 2 sixths of y
therefore, the answer is 2.
Answer: C

31. How many twelfths are there in ⅔ of ¾ more than ⅓ of ⅜ ?

a) 4 c) 6
b) 5 d) 7

Solution:
To find the number of twelfths
we calculate ⅔ x ¾ +⅓ x ⅜ , which simplifies to ½ + ⅛ = 4/8 + ⅛ = ⅝ .
5 × 12
Multiplying ⅝ by 12 to get twelfths, we get 8 = 7.

32. Mr. Cruz finds that he can travel 12 km per liter of gasoline. After the tune-up of his engine, he uses
only ⅘ as much gasoline. How much farther. in km, can he now ride on one liter of gasoline?
A. 3 C. 12.5
B. 10 D. 15
Solution:
Let x be the distance that Mr. Cruz can travel with the remaining gasoline. Then,
4
1 48
12
: 5
𝑥
⇒x = 5
= 9.6 ≈ 10

33. Mr. Ayala left Php. 225, 000, 00 to his 4 children. For every Php. 100 Carlos received, Ben received
Php. 75, Alfred received Php. 50, and Daniel received Php. 150. What was the total amount received by
Ben?
To calculate the amount received by each child, we need to distribute Mr. Ayala's estate among his 4
children based on the given ratios for Carlos, Ben, Alfred, and Daniel. The ratios are 100:75:50:150.
Let's denote the total amount left by Mr. Ayala as . The sum of the ratios is
100 + 75 + 50 + 150 = 375 .
Now, for each child:
100
1. Carlos's share: 375 ×225, 000, 000 = 𝑃 60, 000, 000
75
2. Ben's share: 375 ×225, 000, 000 = 𝑃 45, 000, 000
50
3. Alfred's share: 375 ×225, 000, 000 = 𝑃 30, 000, 000
150
4. Daniel's share: 375
×225, 000, 000 = 𝑃 90, 000, 000
So, the correct answer is B, P 45,000,000 which represents the total amount received by Ben.

34. If 4 squares: 3 circles, and 5 circles: 12 cubes, then 9 cubes is to how many squares?
a) 5 c) 16
b) 9 d) can’t be determined
Solution:
4 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠 5 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠 20 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠
3 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠
x 12 𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑒𝑠 = 36 𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑒𝑠
Let x be the number of squares in 9 cubes. To solve for x, apply cross-multiplication and solve the
equation.
20 𝑠𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑥
36 𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑒𝑠
= 9 𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑒𝑠
36x = 20 (9)
36x = 180
x=5
Therefore, there are 5 squares in 9 cubes.
 Problem Involving Fractions

1. Fifteen graduating students agreed to buy a laboratory apparatus C to be donated to their school.
All but 3 were able to give contributions. By how much was the contribution of each who contributed
increased?
𝑐 𝑐 𝑐 𝑐
a) 10 b) 15 c.) 30 d) 60

Given: Let T be a total contribution, 𝑇.𝑁 − (𝑁+3)

=
𝐶
60𝑁(𝑁+3) 60
Let N be the number of students who −3𝑇 𝐶
contributed, 𝑁(𝑁+3)
= 60
Let C be the contribution of each student, Now, if C is given or known, you can solve for T.
Let I as the increase in contribution. if not, the solution is in C and N:
Solution: −𝐶.60
T= 3𝑁(𝑁+3)
Now, if the increase per student is given as
C/60, then we set up the equation: This expression represents the total contribution
𝑇 𝑇 𝐶 before the increase, and would be the increase
− 𝑁 = 60
𝑁+3 per student.
To simplify, you can find a common denominator
and solve for T:

2. Five-ninth of the water tank is emptied by filling each of the eight containers with the same amount of
water. What part of the total capacity of the water tank did each container have?

5 5
a). 8
c). 72
7 4
b). 10
d). 9
SOLUTION:
If five-ninths of the water tank is emptied by filling each of the eight containers with the
same amount of water, then each container is responsible for ÷ 8 of the total capacity.
To find this fraction, you can multiply the reciprocal of 8 ( which ) by .
5 5 1 5
9
÷ 8 = 9 × 8 = 72
5
So, each container has 72
of the total capacity of the water tank.

7 1
3. Jose runs his bike at 2 10
km in an hour. How long will it take him to go to a distance of 7 5 km?
2 1
a) 2 3 ℎ𝑟𝑠 c) 3 2 ℎ𝑟𝑠
3 2
b) 8
ℎ𝑟 d) 7
ℎ𝑟
Given:
1 36
Distance = 7 5 km = 5
km
7 27
Speed = 2 10 km/hr = 10 km/hr
Solution:
36
𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑘𝑚 36 27 36 𝑥 10 360 72 8 2
Time = 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑
= 27
5
= 5
km x 10
km/hr = 5 𝑥 27
= 135
hrs = 7
ℎ𝑟𝑠 = 3
ℎ𝑟𝑠 = 2 3
ℎ𝑟𝑠.
10
𝑘𝑚/ℎ𝑟

4. The Student council of ABC High School held a dance. They collected ₱ 250,000 from ticket sales.
That was 3 times the cost of the dance. How much did the dance cost?
b) ₱ 125,000 b) ₱ 100,000 c) ₱ 80,000 d) ₱ 120,000
Solution: 25
x-₱ 250 000
1 8
3 8 x -₱ 250 000, where x is the cost of the Now to solve for x,
dance. x=(₱ 250 000) ( 25 )
8
1 25
3 8 x= 8 x x= ₱ 80,000
 5 1
5. Angelo has 8
bottle of developing solution. He uses 16
bottle for each roll of film. How many rolls can
he develop?
a) 10 b) 15 c) 25 d) 35

Solution: n = ( 8 )(
5 16
)
1
Let x = bottle of developing solution 80
Let y = used bottle of roll film n= 8
Let n = number of rolls n = 10
𝑥
=n Therefore, the number of rolls that he can
𝑦
5 develop is 10.
n= 8
1
16

Answer: a) 10

6. A 140-cm stick is cut so that one part is 3/4 of the other. How long is the shorter segment?
a) 105 cm b) 35 cm c) 80 cm d)60 cm
Solution:
The length of the shorter segment= x
4/3x + x = 140
3+4/3 x = 140
x = 140 (3/7)
x = 60 cm

3 3
7. If 5
of the students are dismissed at 3:30 p.m. and 4
of the remainder at 4:00 p.m., what fraction of
the students are dismissed at other times?
3 1 1 3
a) 20 b b) 10 c) 5 d) 10

Solution: STEP 2 The amount of students remaining at

4:00 pm
STEP 1 Solving for the amount of students
remaining at 3:30 pm 1
(remainder of
3
)
4 4
3 2
1- 5
= 5 STEP 3

2 1 1
( 5 )( 4 ) = 10

2
8. Ana is 5 times as old as Beth and 2 3 times as old as Cathy. What fraction of Cathy's age is Beth's?
7 8 1 3
a)1 8
b) 15
c)13 3
d) 40
Solution: We substitute A's expression into the
Let A be Ana's age first equation.
Let B be Beth's age 8
C= 5B
3
Let C be Cathy's age 8
We know that, B= 15
C
A = 5B (Ana is 5 times as old as Beth) Then, we express B as a fraction of C.
2 8 8 8
A = 2 3 C or 3 (Ana is 3 times as old B = ( 15 ) C
as Cathy) 8𝐶
= ( 15𝐶 )
Now, we solve for A in terms of C. Using
8
the second equation, = 15
8
A= 3C Therefore, Beth's age is 8/15 of Cathy's
age.
9. When the price of an article is reduced by 5/8 of its former value, the number of article sold is increased
to 32/27 of the original amount. The present daily revenues is what fraction of the original?
4 20
a) 9 c) 27
59 9
b) 9
d) 5

Let: Rorg = Original revenue Rnew = Pnew x Qnew

Porg = original price
Qorg = original number of articles sold
Rnew = New revenue Hence,
Pnew= new price Rnew = Pnew x Qnew
Qnew = New number of articles sold Rorg Porg x Qorg
Solution:
Rorg = Porg x Qorg Rnew = 3/8 x Porg x 32/27 x Qorg
Now, Rorg Porg x Qorg
5
Pnew = Porg – ( 8 x Porg)
3
Rnew = 3 x 32
= 8 x Porg Rorg 8 x 27
32
Qnew = x Qorg
27 Rnew = 96 = 4
Then, Rorg 216 9

10. Loyola heights has 3000 phones of which ⅗ are dial phones. If ⅔ of these dial phones are replaced by
digital phones and 400 additional digital phones are installed, what fraction of the phones are digital now?

Solution : and adding 400 digital phones, 8/15 of the

Let's break down the information given: phones in Loyola Heights are now digital.
1. Loyola Heights has 3,000 phones.
2. ⅗ of these phones are dial phones.
3. ⅔ of the dial phones are replaced by digital
phones.
4. 400 additional digital phones are installed.
First, find the number of dial phones:
⅗ times 3000 = 1800 dial phones
Next, find the number of dial phones replaced by
digital phones:
⅔ times 1800 = 1200 dial phones replaced by
digital phones
Now, find the total number of digital phones after
replacement:
1200 replaced dial phones + 400 additional
digital phones = 1600 digital phones
Finally, find the fraction of phones that are
digital:
1600/3000 = 8/15
Therefore, after replacing ⅔ of the dial phones

1 1
11. Rica cleans 3
of the yard. Anna cleans 4
of the remaining. What fraction of the yard is left
uncleaned?
1 2 1 1
a) 12 b) 3
c) 2
d) 4
1 2 1 2
Answer: C - Richard ( 3 ) of the yard, leaving 3
uncleaned. Anna then cleaned 4
of the remaining ( 3 ),
1 2 2 1 2 1 4 1 3 1
which is 4
* 3
= 12
= 6
. Therefore, 3
- 6
= 6
- 6
= 6
= 2
.
12. Mary cleaned the storeroom and found 16 jars. Three - fourths of which were empty. How many of
the empty jars did she keep if she threw two-thirds of them away?
a) 4 b) 6 c) 8 d) 12

Solution:
3
4
× 16 = 12 ( empty jars)
2
3
× 12 = 8 ( empty jars thrown away)
12 − 8 = 4

Therefore, Mary kept 4 empty jars after throwing away two thirds of them.

13. Eve can walk 20 1/4 ft. in a minute. How many feet can she walk in 1 7/9 minutes?
a. 22 1/6 b. 36 c. 11 25/64 d. 21 1/9
Solution:
1 81 7 16
20 4 𝑓𝑡 = 4 𝑓𝑡 × 1 9 𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 9 𝑚𝑖𝑛
81 16 1296
4
𝑓𝑡 × 9
𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 36
𝑓𝑡
7
Therefore, Eve can walk 36ft in 1 9
minutes.
Answer: B

14. Each armchair needs a 5/6. wide space. How many armchairs can fit in a row if the row is 10 m long?

a) 5 c) 10
b) 6 d) 12
Answer: d) 12
Solution: 10 ÷ 5/6 = 12

1
15. How many pieces of wire 3 6 inches lo can be cut from a piece 6 ft and 4 inches long? (12 inches = 1
ft)
1 1
a. 2 b. 9 2
c. 3 6 d. 24

Solution: Convert to inches 𝑛=

(76)(6)
19
6 x 12 inches + 4 inches = 76 456
inches 𝑛= 19
1 19
3 6 = 6 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ𝑒𝑠 𝑛 = 24
19
6
𝑛 = 76

2
16. Mimi bought 10 3 meters of ribbon which she cut into 16 equal pieces. How long is each pieces?
1 1
a) 3
m c) 6
m
2 7
b) 3
m d) 8
m

Solution: Length of each piece = Total length of ribbon / number of pieces

2
10 3
Length of each piece = 16
2 32
Convert 10 3
= 3
32
32 2
3
16
= 48
= 3
m.
.17. to find the measurement of the length of a rectangle you have to divide the area by the measure of
2
the width. If the area of the rectangle is 8 sq.m. and the width is 3 m, what is the measure of its length?
1
a. 10m c. 5 3 𝑚
1
b. 12cm d. 12
𝑚
Solution A= 8sq.m
denote that length is L and width as W L=?
Given that the formula of area (A) of a rectangle 2 8𝑥
3

is A= L x W. W= 3
then, L= 2
2

L=12cm
1 1 1
18. What fraction must be added to 6
+ 8
in order for the three fractions to have an average of 8
?
1 1 1 1
a. 12
b. - 2
c. 4
d. - 4
Solution: 7
+ 𝑥 =
3
1 1 1 1 24 8
3
(6 + 8
+ 𝑥) = 8 3 7
𝑥 = 8
− 24
1 4 3 1
3
( 24
+ 24
+ 𝑥) = 8 9 7
𝑥 = 24
− 24
1 7 1
3
( 24
+ 𝑥) = 8 2
𝑥 = 24
1 7 1
3
( 24
+ 𝑥) = 8 1
𝑥 = 12
1 7 1
(3) 3
( 24 + 𝑥) = 8
(3)

19. Five-eights of the examinees did not pass the 1st screening test given by the Philippine Science High
School. One hundred twenty were eliminated after the second screening, leaving 3/16 of the total number
of applicants, who could possibly qualify after the interview. If 25 students failed the interview, how many
students will finally qualify?
a) 85 c) 100
b) 120 d) 95

Solution: So, the total number of applicants is 640.

Let the total of examinees be x.
Then, the number of examinees after the Now, to get the number of applicants after
5
( 3
first screening test is 1 − 8 𝑥 = 8 𝑥 ) the first screening.
3
We have, 640× 8 = 240.
After the second screening we have
3
𝑥 − 120applicants. To get the number of applicants after the
8
3 3
second screening.
8
𝑥 − 120 = 16
𝑥 We have, 240 − 120 = 120
3 3
8
𝑥− 16
𝑥 = 120
Then, if 25 students failed the interview.
( )
16
3
3
16
𝑥 = 120 ( ) 16
3 We have, 120 − 25 = 95
𝑥 = 640
Therefore, 95 students are qualified.

3
20. How many sixteenths are there in 8
?
a. a) ⅙ b) 6 c) ⁵⁄₁₆ d) 42⅔

Answer: B. 6

Solution: Realize that

3
means 3 parts out of 8 equal
8
parts.
 3 3
Express 8
with a common denominator of 16 Now, 8
is equivalent to 616 in terms of
(since there are 16 sixteenths in a whole). sixteenths.
38 x 22 = 616 So, there are 6 sixteenths in
3
8
.
1
21.In a Halloween party the judges eliminated 3
of the eligible contestants after every 20 minutes. If 135
contestants were present at the party, how many would still be eligible for a prize after 1 hour?
a.) 5 b.) 15 c.) 40 d.) 60
Solution.
2 8 1080
135 × ( 3 )3 = 135 × 27
= 27
= 40
Therefore, after 1 hour, there would be 40 contestants still eligible for a prize.

22. Which of the ff. Is greater than 1.

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
a.) 4 − 8 b.) 4 ÷ 8 c.) 4
+ 8
a.) 4
× 8
Soln. Use Trial and Error
1 1 1
4
÷ 8 = 4 × 8 = 2 This is the correct answer, since 2 is greater than 1

23. A store owner buys water jugs at P250 each. How much should he sell each in order to realize a profit
of 9/50 more than the buying price?

a. P45 c. P265
b. P295 d. P325
Solution: 9/50 x P250 = 45
P250 + P45 = P295
Therefore, he sells P295 each in order to realize a profit of 9/50 more than the buying price.

24. Five businessmen agreed to form a corporation. One of them contributed ⅛ of the capital while
another out ⁵⁄₁₆ of the capital. If the other three members were to give equal shares, what fraction of the
capital would they contribute to the partnership.

1 1 3 9
a) 8
b) 4
c) 16
d) 16
Answer: C. ³⁄₁₆

Solution: contribution of Businessman 1 and 2 and 3x is

(i). Given: the total contribution of three remaining
Businessman 1: ⅛ Capital businessmen. Hence,
Businessman 2: ⁵⁄₁₆ Capital
Businessman 3,4, & 5: contributed equally C = ⅛ C+ ⁵⁄₁₆ C + 3x → ⁷⁄₁₆ C + 3x = C
→ 3x = ⁹⁄₁₆ C → x = ³⁄₁₆ C
(ii). Let C be the total capital. Then, C= ⅛ C + ⁵⁄₁₆
C + 3x, where ⅛ C + ⁵⁄₁₆ C is the total (iii). Therefore, businessman 3, 4, & 5 will
contribute ³⁄₁₆ shares of the capital.

25. A fruit grower buys fertilizer at P 2,500 per ton. Allowing 2 pounds of fertilizer per tree, how much
does he have to pay to fertilize an orchard of 1,600 trees? ( 1 ton =2000 pounds )
a) P 2,500 b) P 3,000 c) P 3,750 d) P 5,000
Solution:
𝑃 2,500
2,000 𝑝𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑠
= P1.25/pound
1 𝑝𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑠
22 𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑒
x P 1.25 = P 3.125
𝑃 3.125
1,600 trees x 𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑒
= P 5,000
 3 1 5
26. A book page is 8 4
inches long. The printed area is 7 3
inches long and the top margin is 8
inches.
How wide is the bottom margin?
1 11 19 17
a) 2 4 inches b) 24
c) 24
d) 24
19
Answer: C. 24
3 1 5 24 8 5
Solution: Bottom margin =8 4
-(7 3
+ 8)= 8 32
-(7 24
+ 8
)
24 32 5 24 37
= 8 32
- ( 7 32 + 8
) = 8 32
- 7 32
−13 19
= 1 32
or 24
27. If Allan's weekly allowance is p and he spends q, what part of his weekly allowance does he save?
𝑝−𝑞 𝑞−𝑝 𝑝−𝑞 𝑞
a. 𝑝
b. 𝑝 c. 𝑞 d. 𝑝
Solution:

2 3 𝑥
28. If x is 3
of y and y is 8
of z, what is 𝑧
?
1 3 8 3
a) 4
b) 8
c) 3
d) 4

Solution: Then,
2 3 2 3 1 𝑥 1
Let x = 3 y and y = 8
z. x = 3 ( 8 z) → x = 4
z→ 𝑧
= 4
𝑥 1
Therefore, 𝑧
is 4
.

29. Anna is 3 1/3 inches taller than Betty. Betty is 11/4 inches taller than Cathy. If Anna is 653/4 inches.
How tall is Cathy?

a. 61 1/6 c. 64 1/2
b. 69 1/12 d. 61 5/12
Solution:
Anna =653/4 inches or 263/4 inches
Betty= 263/4-10/3= 789-40/12=749/12 inches
Cathy=749/12-5/4=749-15/12=734/12 or 367/6 or 61 1/6 inches
Answer: a) 61 1/6 inches.

30. In one classroom exactly one- third of the seats is occupied. In another classroom with half the
seating of the first, exactly three- fourths of empty classroom that has a seating capacity equal to the first
two combined, what fraction of the seats int the third classroom is occupied?
13 11 5 17
a.) 24 b.) 36 c.) 9 d.) 36
Solution:
Capacity Occupied
1
1. x 3
x
1 3 1
2. 2
x 4
( 2 𝑥)
1 1 3 1
3. x+ 2 x 3
𝑥+ 4
( 2 𝑥)
1 3 1
𝑥+ ( 𝑥) 17
3 4 2
1 = 36
𝑥+ 2 𝑥
Answer: D

31. Find the smallest number that has 2,3,4,5,6,7,8 as factors.

a) 60 b) 120 c) 480 d) 840
To find the smallest number that has 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 as factors, we need to find the least common
multiple (LCM) of these numbers.

The prime factorization of each number is as 7=7

follows: 8 = 2^3
2=2 To find the LCM, we take the highest power of
3=3 each prime factor that appears in the prime
4 = 2^2 factorizations of the numbers:
5=5 LCM = 2^3 x 3 x 5 x 7 = 8 x 3 x 5 x 7 = 840
6=2x3 So, the smallest number that has 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
and 8 as factors is 840.

1
32. How many fifths are there in 3 2 ?
1 1
b) 16 b) 16 2 c) 17 d) 17 2

Solution:
1 7
32 = 2
7
7 35 1
2
1 = 2
x 5= 2
= 17 2
5

33. It takes about 30 days for Anton to finish his project. This is about 2/3 the time needed for Bill to finish
his project. In how many days will Bill finish his project?
a. 20 c. 40
b. 45 d. 90
Solution: Now, to find Bill's time, we can multiply both
2 2
If Anton takes 30 days, which is 3 of the time sides by 3
Bill takes, we can set up the equation: Bill's time =
2
×30 days.
2 3
3
Bill's time = 30 days. Bill's time = 45 days.
So, the correct answer is c) 45.
2 5
34. Mr. Angeles drove 192 km in 2 3
hours. At this rate, how far did he drive in 12 hour?
a.) 30 b.) 42 c.) 72 d.) 80

Solution:
Get the average speed.
192 𝑘𝑚
2 = 72 𝑘𝑚/ℎ𝑜𝑢𝑟
2 3 ℎ𝑟𝑠
Distance = speed x time
Distance = 72 km/hour x hour
Distance = 30 km
5
Therefore, Mr. Angeles drove 30 km in 12
hour.
 Percent
Write each percent as a decimal and each decimal as a percent.

1. 20% = 0.2 Solution: Converting decimal into percent.

20
Solution: 20% = 100 = 0. 2. To convert a decimal to a percentage, multiply
by 100 (or just move the decimal point 2 places
So, the decimal is 0.2, to write 0.2 as a percent,
to the right).
this should be multiplied by 100: 0.2 x 100 =
.02 × 100 = 2
20%

2). 32.5% =0.325

7. .35 = __35%__
SOLUTION:
Solution
To write 32.5% as a decimal, divide it by 100;
32.5% = = 0.325
0.35 × 100 = 35%
Therefore, 32.5% as a decimal is 0.325
8. 20% =77.8
3. 5% = 0.05
Solution: (0.778) (100) = 77.8
Solution:
5 Therefore, 0.778 as a percent is 77.8%.
5% = 100 = 0.05
4. .15% = _0.0015_
0.15
Solution: 0.15%= 100 =0.0015
9. 1.35 = __135%__
5. 150% = ______ Solution: 1.35 X 100 = 135%
150
Solution: 100 = 1.50 10. 0.0038% = 0.38%
6. .02 = 2% Solution : 0.0038 x 100 =0.38%

Write each percent as a decimal and each decimal as a percent.

11, 5% = _______ 16.

1
= 20%
5 5÷5 1 5
Solution: 100 = 100÷5 = 1 100
20 Solution: 5
x 100 = 5
= 20%
1 1
12. 12 % =
2 8
Solution: 17. 20% = 62.5%
1
12 2 % =
25
% solution:
2 5 100
25 1 25 8
𝑥100 = 5 𝑥 8
2
× 100 = 200 500
25 1 =
200
= 8 . 8
to simply the fraction, divide both numerator and
denominator by their gcd, which is 4
13. 3/4% = 75% 500 125
Solution: 4 = 5
8

3÷4 = 0. 75 125
4

5
0. 75 × 100 = 75% 2
x 1% = 62.5% , so , 8
is equivalent to 62.5
%.
14. Answer: 1/3 18.
4
= 44.44%
Solution: (3 × 33 + 1) ÷ 3= 100/3% ÷ 100 = 1/3 9
Solution:
4 400
15. 105% =
21
9
× 100 = 9
= 44. 44%
20
3
Solution: 19. 2
= 150%
105 105÷5 21
100
= 100÷5
= 20
Solution:
3 50 150
2
× 50
= 100
= 1. 5 = 150%
 Solution:
3 3
20. 11
= 27.27 % 11
× 100=27.27%

Percentage Problems

1. What percent of 40 is 16?

2 1
a.) 2 2 % b.)40% c.)250% d.)20% e.) 33 3
%
Solution: Now, we multiply:
𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡
Percent = ( 𝑤ℎ𝑜𝑙𝑒 )𝑥 100 Percent = 0.4 x100
Percent 40%
Let the part be 16, and the whole is 40.
16
Therefore, 16 is 40% of 40.
Then, Percent = 40 𝑥 100
2
Simplify the fraction: Percent = 5 𝑥 100

1
2) 33 3
% of what number is 37?
a)
111.11 c). 123.3
b). 112.12 d). 111.4

SOLUTION Now, rewrite the equation:

To find out what number is represented by 33 \[ \frac{\frac{100}{3}}{100} \times x = 37 \]
1/3% of it being 37, you can set up the equation: Simplify:
\[ \frac{33\frac{1}{3}}{100} \times x = 37 \] \[ \frac{1}{3} \times x = 37 \]
First, convert the mixed number to an improper Now, solve for \(x\):
fraction: \[ x = 37 \times 3 \]
\[ \frac{100}{3} \] \[ x = 111 \]
So, 33 1/3% of 111 is 37.

2
3. What is 66 3
% of 63?
a) 42 c) 42.21 e) 42.021
b) 41.58 d) 41.99
Solution:
2
66 3 % x 63 = 0.6667 x 63 = 42.0021

4. What percent of 16 is 40?

1 1
a) 2 2 b) 40 c) 250 d) 20 e) 33 3
Solution:
40
Percentage= ( 16 )(100)=(2.5)(100)=250

5. A man buys a book for Php 70 after receiving a discount of 20%. What will be the original price?
a) Php 92 c) Php 56 e) Php 87.50
b) Php 90 d) Php 85
Solution:
Since the man received a 20% discount, he paid 80% of the original price.
Let x = the original price of the book

0.8𝑥 70
0.8
= 0.8
 x = 87.5
Thus, the original price will be Php 87.5.
Answer: e) Php 87.5
6. How many thousandths are there in 3.5%?
a) 350 b) 350 c) 3.5 d) 35 e) .035
Solution: To convert a percentage to thousandths, you multiply by 10.
3.5 x 10 = 35

7. If x is 125% of y, then y is what percent of x?

2
b) 75 b) 82 c) 66 3 d) 110 e) 80

Solution: 125% ·
1
= 1.25 =
5
100 4

STEP 1
𝑥 125% 𝑦 STEP 3
= 125% 𝑥
5 = y
125%
𝑥
125%
=y 4
4
5
x=y
STEP 2 (0.8) x = y
(80%) x = y

8. The price of coffee dropped from 18.40 pesos a kilo to 13.80 pesos a kilo. What was the percent
decrease?
a) 23% b) 20% c) 27% d) 25% e) 30%

Solution: D = ₱4.60
Let 𝑃𝑜 be the original price of coffee, 𝑃𝑜 Hence,
𝐷
=₱18.40 a kilo PD= ( 𝑃 ) (100%)
𝑜
Let 𝑃𝑛 be the new price, 𝑃𝑛=₱13.80 a ₱4.60
PD= ( ₱18.40 ) (100%)
kilo
Then, the price difference (D) and the percent PD= (0.25) (100%)
decrease (PD) can be calculated as follows: PD = 25%
Therefore, the percent decrease in the price of
D = 𝑃𝑜 - 𝑃𝑛
coffee is 25%.
D = ₱18.40 - ₱13.80

9. In UPIS, the number of freshmen is 50 % of the rest of the student body. Freshmen account for what
percent of the entire student body?
a) 25 % c) 20 % e) 40%
1
b)33 3 % d) 50 %

Let: Now,
T = total no. of student body in UPIS Percentage of freshman = (F/T) x 100
F= number of freshman 1
𝑅
R = number of the rest of the student body Percentage of freshman = ( 2
3 ) x 100
2
𝑅
Solution: 1
Percentage of freshman = x 100
Since, F = ½ R 3
1
T=F+R Percentage of freshman = 33 3
T=½R+R
3
T= 2 R

10. What percent of 5 is 50% of 50

a) 5 % b) 500% c)50% d)25% e) 250%
Solution : 5 x 100% = 500 %
To find what percent
5=100%
50x.5 = 25
25/5 = 5

11. 0.8% is the same as 1 out of every ____.

a) 90 b) 110 c) 125 d) 115
Solution: C - 125. If we convert 0.8% into decimal, it is 0.008. Now, to get 0.8% of 1, we divide 8 by 1000.
So, 1000 ÷ 8 = 125.

12. If the ratio of girls to boys in class is 4 : 2, what percent of the class is made up of boys ?
1 2
a) 66 % b) 33 3 % c) 33 % d) 66 3 %
Solution:
4 + 2 = 6 ( total part )
2
Boys’ fraction = 6
2
= 6
× 100
1
= 33 3
%
1
Therefore, 33 3
% of the class is made up of boys.

13. If q is 20% greater than r, and s is 30% greater than t, then qs is what percent greater than rt?
a. 26% b. 40% c. 50% d. 56% e. 20%

Solution: 𝑟𝑡 = 10 × 10 = 100
𝑞 = 𝑟 + 0. 2𝑟 = 1. 2𝑟 = 1. 2(10) = 12 𝑞𝑠 − 𝑟𝑡 = 156 − 100 = 56፥100 = 56%
𝑠 = 𝑡 + 0. 3𝑡 = 1. 3𝑡 = 1. 3(10) = 13 Therefore, qs is 56% greater than rt
𝑞𝑠 = 12 × 13 = 156
.
Answer: D
14. P is what percent of 25?

a) p/4% c) p/25% e) 4P%

b) 4p/25% d) p/16%
Answer: c) p/25%
Solution: To express "p is what percent of 25" mathematically, you can use the following formula:
Percent= p divide 25 times 100. In words, you are comparing a certain value p to the total value of 25
and expressing it as a percentage. To find out what percent p is of 25, you divide p by 25 and then
multiply the result by 100 to get the percentage. For example, if p = 10, then: Percent =10 divide 25
times 100 = 40% So, 10 is 40% of 25.

15. If the length of rectangle is increased by 30% and the width of the rectangle is decreased by 10%,
then the area is increased by _____.

a. 17% c. 40% e. 36%

b. 20% d. 34%
Solution:
𝐴' = 𝐿' 𝑥 𝑊' (1. 30𝐿)(0. 90𝑊) − (𝐿𝑊)
𝐿' = 1. 30𝐿 1. 17𝐿𝑊 − 𝐿𝑊
𝑊' = 0. 90𝑊 0. 17𝐿𝑊 = 17%
increase = 𝐴' − 𝐴
 1
16. One tenth is what percent of 2
?
a) 25% b) 50% c) 20%
d) 15% e) 30%
𝑥 1/10
Solution: 100
= 1/2
𝑥
=
1
𝑥
2
=
2 10x = 200
100 10 1 10
x = 20
10x = 2(100)
ANS. 20%
17. if a shirt cost 180php after a 25% discount, what was original price?
a. 175php c. 112.50php
b. 200php d. 240php e. 187.50php
solution:
100% - 25% = 75%
180=0.75 x P
P= 240. therefore, the original price of the price tshirt is 240php.

18. The boy sold two magazines for Php 60 each. One was sold at a loss of 20% and the other was sold
at a gain of 20%. What was the total loss on both transactions?
a. 12 b. 5 c. 10 d. 24 e. 0
Solution: For two magazines, it is expected that the boy will gain 120. To solve if there is a loss,
(60 − (60 × 20%)) + (60 + (60 × 20%)) = 120. Therefore, there is no loss on both transactions.

19. If the radius of the circle is decreased by 20%, then its area is decreased by _____
a) 40% c) 400% e) 64%
b) 20% d) 36%

Solution: Area of the decreased circle

Using the formula Area of the circle = π(0. 8)² = 0. 64π𝑟2
= π𝑟²
We have, The percentage of area decreased =
Radius of the circle = 𝑟 ⎡
π𝑟2−0.64π𝑟2
×100⎤ = 36%
Area of the circle = π𝑟2 ⎣ π𝑟2 ⎦

Therefore, the area decreased by 36%.

Radius of the decreased circle
= 80%𝑟 = 0. 8𝑟

20. An item had a decreased of 25%, to restore its original price, what percent of the discounted price
should be added?
1
a) 25% c) 33 3 % e) 40%
b) 30% d) 20%

Answer: a) 25% 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 =

𝑃−𝐷
𝑥100
𝑃
Solution: Let P be the original price 𝑃 − 0.75
Let D be the discounted price 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 = 𝑃
𝑥100
0.25
𝐼𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 = 𝑃
𝑥100 = 25%
𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑐𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑒 = 𝑂𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒
𝑥100
21. What is 83 1/3% of 4,800
a.) 3,200 b.) 3,600 c.) 4,000 d.) 4,800
Solution.
1
Convert 83 3 % to a decimal:
1
83 3
% = 0. 8333
0.8333×4,800= 4,000
 1
Therefore, 83 3
% of 4,800 is approximately 4,000.
22. 0.80% of 100 is how much?
a.) 0.8 b.) 8 c.) 80 d.) 800 e.) 210
Soln.:
0.80% = 0.008
4
100 (0.008) = 5 or 0.8
23. A number 5 times as large as 14 is 50% of what number?

a. 7 c. 70 e. 210
b. 35 d. 140
Solution: x=5.14 = 70
70/0.5 = 0.5y/0.5
y = 140

24. ½ is what percent of ¾ ?

1 2 1
a) 37 2 % b) 66 3
% c) 50% d) 75% e) 25 3
%
Answer: B. 66 ⅔
Solution:
Percentage = ( part / whole ) × 100
= ( ½ / ¾ ) × 100
= (½ × ⁴⁄₃ ) × 100
= ⅔ × 100
= ²⁰⁰⁄₃ or 66 ⅔.

25. 20 is what % of of 45?

a) 40% b) 20% c) 200% d) 400% e) 600%
Solution:
20 20 20
= 45 = 5 = 4
( )(45)
1
9 9

4 x 100% = 400%

5
26. What is 20 % of 6
?
1 10 2 5
a) 6
b) 6
c) 20 d) 3
e) 6
1
Answer: A. 6
5 5 0.20×5 1.00 1
Solution : 20 % of 6
= 0.20 x 6
= 6
= 6
= 6

27. 30 increased by what % of itself gives 60?

a)50% b)75% c)30% d)100% e)20%
Solution:
60-30=30
(30/30) (100) =100%
Answer: D

28. What number increased by 5% of itself gives 420?

a) 200 b) 400 c) 441 d) 500
e) 410

Solution: x + 0.05x = 420 → 1.05x = 420 → x = 400

Let x be the missing number.Then, Therefore, the number is 400.

29. What number increased by 66 % of itself gives 25 ?

a.) 10 b.)15 c.)18 d.)20 e.)12
Solution : let x be the number itself 25=66/3 (x)+x
25= 66 2/3 %(1x)+x 25=5/3x
X=15
Answer: b) 15.

3
30. 5
% of what number gives 6?
a.) 20 b.) 200 c.) 100 d.) 1000 e.) 12
Solution:
3
5
% or 0.6%
0.6
100
= 0.006
6
then, 0.006
= 1000
Answer: D

31. 10% of 480 is what percent of 25% of 300?

a.) 48% b.) 60% c.) 64% d.) 75%
Solution:
48
10% of 480 is 48.25% of 300 is 75. So, 48 is 75 of 100%, which equals 64%.

32. Mr. Gerard has 32% of his property invested in real estate, 15% in agricultural products, 28% in
stocks and the remainder which is ₱14,000,000.00 in trading business. What is the total value of his
property?
a) ₱3,500,000.00 c) ₱50,000,000.00 e) ₱25,000,000.00
b) ₱28,000,000.00 d) ₱56,000,0000.00
Solution: So the remaining balance = 100 - (32+15+28) =
Let the total money invested = 100% 25%
Invested in real estate = 32% Hence, 25% of the property = 14 million
Invested in agriculture = 15% 14
Therefore the total value of the property = 25% =
Invested in stocks = 28% 14
0.25
= 56 million.
33. Mr. Charlie, an artist, was paid P 7,000 for the month of June, 40% of which was overtime pay. What
was the amount of his regular pay?
a)
P 2,800 c) P 3,500 e) P 2,600
b) P 4,200 d) P 5, 000
Solution:
Let Mr. Charlie's regular pay be represented by R
The overtime pay is 40% of the total pay, which is 0.4 × 7,000 = P 2,800. The total pay is the sum of the
regular pay and the overtime pay. So, R + P 2,800 = P 7,000
Now, solving for R: R= P 7,000 – P 2,800 = P 4,200
Therefore, the correct answer is: c) P 4,200
34. How much does a retail merchant pay for blouses at P800, with discounts of 25% and 10%?
a.) ₱500 b.) ₱520 c.) ₱540 d.) ₱600
Solution:
Calculate the price after the first discount of 25%: ₱800 0.25 = ₱200
₱800 – ₱200 = ₱600
Calculate the price after the second discount of 10%: ₱600 0.10 = ₱60
₱600 – ₱60 = ₱540
Therefore, the retail merchant pays P540 for blouses at P800, with discounts of 25% and 10%
Solving Equations

1. Solving for x: 8x – (6x – 3) = 9.

a.)x = 1 b.) x = 2 c.) x = 3 d.) 4
Solution: 2x = 6
8x – (6x – 3) = 9 So, we divide both sides by 2 to solve for x.
8x – 6x + 3 =9 2𝑥
= 2
6
2
Then, 2x + 3 = 9
The answer is x = 3.
2x = 9 – 3

2. solve for x: ad = x (a + d)

a) x =
𝑎+𝑑 c). x = 1 +
𝑎𝑑
𝑎𝑑
d). a + d
b) x = 𝑎+𝑑
SOLUTION:
To solve for x , you can distribute ad on the right side of the equation:
ad = x (a + d)
Then, you can divide both sides by (a + d) to isolate x:
ad = x (a + d)
a+d a+d
𝑎𝑑
x= 𝑎+𝑑
𝑎+𝑏
3. Solve for h: A = ( 2
) h.
2𝐴 𝑎+𝑏
a) h = 𝑎+𝑏
c) h = 2
𝐴(𝑎 + 𝑏)
b) h = 2A (a+b) d) h = 2𝐴
Solution:
𝑎+𝑏
A= ( 2 )h
2 𝑎+𝑏 2
( 𝑎+𝑏 ) A = ( 2
) h ( 𝑎+𝑏 )
2𝐴
𝑎+𝑏
=h

4. Solve for r: 3r-(2r-5)=10.

a.) r=2 b.) r=3 c.) r=5 d.) r=15

Solution: r+5=10
3r-(2r-5)=10 r=10-5
3r-2r+5=10 r=5

5. Solve for y: x-wy = m.

𝑚
a) y = x - m - w c) y = x - 𝑤
𝑥−𝑚
b) y = 𝑤
d) y = x - m + w
Solution:
x - wy = m
-x + x - wy = m - x → using Addition Property of Equality, we add both sides by -x
- wy = m - x → to solve for y, we divide both sides by - w
−𝑤𝑦 (𝑚−𝑥)
−𝑤
= −𝑤
𝑥−𝑚
y = 𝑤
.
𝑥−𝑚
Answer: b) y = 𝑤

6. Solve for a: ax + a = 2
a) a= 2-x/x b) a= 2/x+1 c) a= 2-a/x d) a= 2+x/a
Solution:
ax + a =2
(x+1) a = 2 ( divide both sides of equation by x+1)
a= 2/x+1

𝑥 𝑎
7. Solve for y: 𝑦
= 𝑏
𝑎𝑏 𝑏𝑥 𝑥 𝑎
a) y = 𝑥
b) y = 𝑎
c) y = 𝑎𝑏
d) y = 𝑏𝑥
Solution:

STEP 1 Cross Multiply

y: xb = ya

STEP 2
𝑥𝑏 𝑦𝑎
y: 𝑎 = 𝑎
𝑥𝑏
y: 𝑎
= y

𝐸 (𝑅+𝑟)
8. Solve for e: 𝑒
= 𝑟
𝐸𝑟 (𝑅+𝑟)
a) e= (R+r)-Er b.) e= Er-(R+r) c) e= (𝑅+𝑟)
d) e= 𝐸𝑟
Solution:
𝐸 (𝑅+𝑟)
𝑒
= 𝑟
Er=(R+r)e
𝐸𝑟
e= (𝑅+𝑟)
𝐸𝑟
Therefore, e= (𝑅+𝑟)
.

1 1 1
9. Solve for R: 𝑅
= 1 + 2
𝑟 𝑟

1 2 1 1
a. 𝑅 =
𝑟 +𝑟
1 2
c. 𝑅= 1 − 2
𝑟𝑟 𝑟 𝑟
1 2 1 2
𝑟 −𝑟
b. 𝑅 =
𝑟𝑟
1 2
d. 𝑅 = 1 2
𝑟 +𝑟 𝑟𝑟
Solution:
1 2
1 1 1 𝑟 +𝑟
𝑅
= 1 + 2 = 1 2
𝑟 𝑟 𝑟𝑟
1 2
𝑟𝑟
𝑅= 1 2
𝑟 +𝑟

10.

Solution :
R=gs/g+s
R(g+s) = gs
Rg - Rs = -RS
g(R-S)/R-S = -RS/r-s
g=RS/s-r

𝑚𝑛 5÷5 1
11. Solve for P : T = Rn + 𝑃
= 100÷5
= 20
𝑚𝑛 𝑚𝑛 𝑚𝑛 (𝑅𝑛 − 𝑇)
a) P = (𝑅𝑛 − 𝑇)
b) P = (𝑅𝑛 + 𝑇)
c) P = (𝑇 − 𝑅𝑛)
d) P = 𝑚𝑛
𝑚𝑛
Answer: C - Transpose Rn, T - Rn = 𝑃
. Multiply both sides by P: P(T - Rn) = mn. Divide both sides by T
𝑚𝑛
- Rn to solve for P: P = (𝑅𝑛 − 𝑇)
.
 𝑎𝑏 1
12. Solve for M : 𝑐
− 2𝑀
= 0.
𝑎𝑏 𝑐 2𝑎𝑏 2𝑐
a) 𝑀= 2𝑐
b) 𝑀 = 2𝑎𝑏
c) 𝑀 = 𝑐
d) 𝑀 = 𝑎𝑏

Solution: 𝑀=2
𝑎𝑏
𝑎𝑏 1 𝑐
M: 𝑐 − 2𝑀
= 0 (2
𝑎𝑏
(2)
1
𝑐
𝑎𝑏 1 𝑀= 1
𝑐
− 2𝑀
= 0 ( 𝑐 ( )) 2

𝑎𝑏 1 (𝑎𝑏)
2( ) − 2 ( 2 𝑀 )𝑀 = 0 𝑀= 𝑐
𝑐 (2)
𝑎𝑏 𝐶
2 𝑐
− 𝑀=0 𝑀= 2𝑎𝑏
.
𝑎𝑏
2 𝑐
−𝑀+𝑀=0+𝑀
𝑎𝑏
2 𝑐
=𝑀

13. Solve for 𝑥: 2√𝑥 + 5 = 6.

a. x = 1 b. x = 4 c. x = 11 d. x = -1
Solution:
2√𝑥+5=6
2√𝑥=1
√𝑥=½
x=¼
Answer: x=1/4

14. If 3/8x = k = 3/2y

, then x-y = k times ?

a) 9/8 c) 10/3
b) 2 d) 3/10
Answer: b) 2
Solution: To find \( x - y \) in terms of k, we first need to solve for x and y in terms of k. Given 3/8x = k =
3/2y, we can solve for x and y: x = 8/3k, y = 2/3k. Now, we can find x-y:
x - y = 8/3k, y = 2/3k = 6/3k = 2k. So, x - y = 2k times.

𝑥𝑦−𝑎
15. If 𝑥−2
= 𝑏, then x = ____________?
𝑦−𝑏 𝑏(𝑥−2)−𝑎
a. 𝑎−2𝑏 b. 𝑦
𝑎−2𝑏 2𝑏+𝑎
c. 𝑦−𝑏 d. 𝑎
Solution:
𝑥𝑦−𝑎
𝑥−2
=𝑏
𝑥𝑦−𝑎
(𝑥 − 2) 𝑥−2
= 𝑏(𝑥 − 2)
(𝑥𝑦 − 𝑎) = 𝑏𝑥 − 2𝑏
𝑥𝑦 − 𝑏𝑥 = 𝑎 − 2𝑏
𝑥(𝑦 − 𝑏) = 𝑎 − 2𝑏
𝑥(𝑦−𝑏) 𝑎−2𝑏
𝑦−𝑏
= 𝑦−𝑏
𝑎−2𝑏
𝑥= 𝑦−𝑏

16. Solve for x :

a) 1 - y c) y - 1
1
b) 1+ 𝑦 d) 1+y
 1 1 𝑦+𝑥
+
Solution: 𝑥 𝑦
= 1 = 1
= 𝑦+ 𝑥
1
𝑥𝑦
𝑥 𝑦
= 𝑦 + 𝑥=1
+
= 𝑥𝑦 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥 = 1 − 𝑦.
1
𝑥𝑦 ANS. 1 - y
𝑦
𝑥 +
= 1
𝑥𝑦

𝑥𝑦
𝑥+𝑦 𝑥𝑦
= 𝑥𝑦
• 1
÷ 1
1 2
17. if (3- 𝑥
)𝑦 − 𝑥
, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑦 = ?
3 2
a. 3x - 𝑥
c. 3𝑥
-1
1 𝑥
b. 3x- 2
d. 3𝑥
-3

Solution: factor y : y( 3- 𝑥 ) −
1 2
𝑥
( 3-1x) 2
3𝑦−1 y= 𝑥
2 1
𝑥𝑦− 𝑥
3− 𝑥
2
1
(3- 𝑥 ) y- 𝑥
2 y= 3𝑥
−1

2
𝑥 +4𝑥+5
18. If 2 = 1, then x=____.
𝑥 +3𝑥−3
a. -4 b. -1 c. -7/2 d. -8
Solution: 2
𝑥 + 4𝑥 + 5 = 𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 3
2
2
𝑥 +4𝑥+5 2 2
2 =1 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 4𝑥 − 3𝑥 =− 3 − 5
𝑥 +3𝑥−3
2
2
𝑥 +4𝑥+5 2 x=-8.
(𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 3) 2 = 1(𝑥 + 3𝑥 − 3)
𝑥 +3𝑥−3

𝑥 1 𝑦 1 2𝑧 1 𝑟
19. 𝐼𝑓 2𝑦
= 3
; 3𝑧
= 5
; 5𝑟
= 2
𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥
= ____ ?
1 1
a) 15
c) 2
b) 15 d) 2

Solution:
𝑥 1
Then, substitute the value of
z to equation 3.
𝑥= ( )
1
3
3
2
𝑟
First equation, 2𝑦 = 3 3
4𝑧 = 5𝑟 𝑥= 6
𝑟
3𝑥 = 2𝑦
𝑦 1
Second equation, 3𝑧 = 5 ( )
5𝑦
4 3 = 5𝑟 𝑥=
1
2
𝑟
20𝑦 = 15𝑟
5𝑦 = 3𝑧 15 𝑟
2𝑧 1 𝑦 = 20 𝑟 Thus, to get we
Third equation, 5𝑟 = 2
𝑥
𝑦=
3
𝑟 have
4𝑧 = 5𝑟 4 𝑟 𝑟
Now, to get the value of z and Now, substitute the value of y 𝑥
= 1
2
𝑟
y combine equation 2 and 3. to equation 1. 𝑟
5𝑦 = 3𝑧 3𝑥 = 2𝑦 𝑥
=2
5𝑦
3
= 𝑧
3
3𝑥 = 2 4 𝑟 ( ) Therefore,
𝑟
= 2.
3 𝑥
3𝑥 = 2
𝑟

𝑎 𝑐
20. If 4
=3b and b= 2
then c=___________ ?
𝑎 𝑎
a) 2
c) 6
 𝑎 3𝑎
b) 12
d) 2

𝑎 𝑎 3𝑐
Answer: c. 6 4
= 2
a = 6c
Solution: 𝑐= 6
𝑎
𝑎 𝑐
4
= 3( 2 )

2𝑥
21. if a = 1+𝑥
then x=?
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎+2 2−𝑎
a.) 𝑎−𝑎
b.) 𝑎+2
c.) 𝑎
d.) 𝑎
Solution.

2𝑥 𝑎 = 𝑥(2 − 𝑎)
Let's solve for x in the equation 𝑎
​ = 1+𝑥
Solve for x by dividing both sides by (2−a):
𝑎 (1 + 𝑥) = 2𝑥 𝑎
𝑎 + 𝑎𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑥 = 2−𝑎
𝑎 = 2𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥
2 𝐸
22. If I = 𝑊 𝑟 and 𝑟 = 𝑊
, then I =______?
𝑊 𝐸
a.) I = 𝐸
b.) I = WE c.) I = 𝑊
d.) I = W - E
𝐸 2
Soln. Substitute 𝑊
to r in 𝐼 = 𝑊 𝑟;
2
2 𝐸 𝐸 𝑊𝐸
𝐼 = 𝑊 (𝑊) = 𝑊
= 𝑊
= 𝑊𝐸

23. ax³ - ay³/-x² - xy - y² is equivalent to ay + _________.

a. ax c. y
b. -ax d. -y
Solution:
ax³ - ay³/-x² - xy - y² = a(x³-y³)/-(x²+xy+y²)
= a (x-y) (x²+xy+y²)/-(x²+xy+y)
= ax - ay / -1
= -ax + ay

24. If a is 4 less than ᵇ⁄₃, which of the following gives b in terms of a ?

𝑎−4
a) b = 3 c) b = 3a + 4
𝑎+4
b) b = 3
d) b = 3a + 12
Answer: D. b = 3a + 12
Solution:

a = 4 - ᵇ⁄₃ → ᵇ⁄₃ = a + 4 → b = 3(a + 4) → b = 3a + 12

4 1 2
25. If 𝑥𝑦
= 𝑧
and y = 4𝑧 , express x in terms of z.
1 𝑧
a) x = 2z b) x = 𝑧
c) x = z d) x = 4

Solution: 1
2 =
1
4 1 𝑥𝑧 𝑧
2 = 𝑧 2
( )
𝑥 4𝑧 𝑥𝑧 = z
 𝑧
𝑥 = 2
𝑧
1
𝑥 = 𝑧
1
26. If 𝑥 = 1 , express n in terms of x.
1+ 𝑛
1 𝑥 𝑥 1
a) 𝑛 = 1−𝑥
b) 𝑛 = 𝑥−1
c) 𝑛 = 1−𝑥
d) 𝑛 = 1
1+ 𝑥
𝑥
Answer: C. 𝑛 = 1−𝑥
1 1 1
Solution: 𝑥= 1 to solve for n, 𝑥
=1+ 𝑛
1+ 𝑛
1 1 1
= 𝑛+1 𝑥
−1= 𝑛
𝑛
1 1
= 𝑛 1 𝑛= 1
𝑛
+𝑛 𝑥
−1
1 𝑥
= 1 𝑛= 1−𝑥
1+ 𝑛
𝑎+𝑏
27. If𝑎−𝑏
− 𝑥, then b = ?
𝑎𝑥−𝑎 𝑥+1 𝑥−1 𝑎𝑥+𝑎
a. 𝑥+1 b 𝑎𝑥−𝑎
c. 𝑎𝑥+𝑎
d. 𝑥−1
Solution:
(𝑎 + 𝑏) = 𝑥(𝑎 − 𝑏)
𝑎 + 𝑏 = 𝑥𝑎 − 𝑥𝑏
𝑏 + 𝑥𝑏 = 𝑥𝑎 − 𝑎
𝑏(1 + 𝑥) = 𝑥𝑎 − 𝑎
𝑥𝑎−𝑎
𝑏 = 1+𝑋

28. E = I (R + r). Solve for r.

𝐼 𝐸 + 𝐼𝑅 𝐸 − 𝐼𝑅 𝐸
a) r = 𝐸 − 𝐼𝑅 b) r = 𝐼 c) r = 𝐼
d) r = 𝐼
+ 𝑅
Solution:
𝐸 − 𝐼𝑅
E = I (R + r) → E = IR + Ir → E - IR = Ir → r = 𝐼
𝐸 − 𝐼𝑅
Therefore, r = 𝐼
.

29. 1/f=1/p+1/q. Solve for p.

a.)p=fq/(f-q) b.)p=q-f/(fq) c.))p=f-q/(fq) d.)p=fq/(q-f)

Solution: pq=(fq+fp)
1/f=(q+p)/pq pq-fp=(fq)
pq=f(q+p) p(q-f)=fq
p=fq/(q-f)

Answer: d) p=fq/(q-f).

1
30. A= 2
(𝑎 + 𝑏) ℎ. Solve for a.

2𝐴 𝐴
a. 𝑎 = ℎ
− 𝑏 c. 𝑎= 2ℎ
− 𝑏
𝐴−𝑏ℎ 𝐴−𝑏
b. 𝑎 = 2ℎ
d. 𝑎 = 2ℎ

Solution: A=
1
(𝑎 + 𝑏) ℎ
2
 1 2𝐴
(2)(𝐴) = (2)( 2 )((𝑎 + 𝑏)(ℎ)) 𝑎= ℎ
−𝑏
𝑎ℎ
=
2𝐴−𝑏ℎ Answer: A
ℎ ℎ

31. F= 9c/5 +32. Solve for C.

a) C = 5/9 (F - 32) b) C = 9/5 (F - 32) c) C = 5/9F - 32 d) C = 9/5F - 32
Solution:
To Isolate C, Subtract 32 from both sides first:
9𝑐
F-32 = 5
5
Then, multiply both sides by 9
to solve for c:
5
9
(𝐹 − 32) = 𝐶

𝐾𝑄₁𝑄₂
32.) If N = 𝑆²
, then S = _______?
𝐾𝑄₁𝑄₂
a) 𝑁 − 𝐾𝑄₁𝑄₂ c) 𝑁
𝑁 𝐾𝑄₁𝑄₂
b) 𝐾𝑄₁𝑄₂
d) 𝑁
Solution: S²
𝐾𝑄₁𝑄₂
= 𝑁
𝐾𝑄₁𝑄₂
N = 𝑆² , then 𝐾𝑄₁𝑄₂
S² =
S² N = 𝐾𝑄₁𝑄₂ 𝑁
𝐿
33. If 𝑇 = 2π 𝑞
then,L= ?

2
𝑞𝑇 𝑞𝑇 𝑇
a) c) 2 d) 𝑞
2π 4π 2π
2π
b) 𝑞 𝑡
𝐿
The given expression for the period of oscillation (T) of a simple pendulum is 𝑇 = 2π 4
T, where L is the
length of the pendulum.
To find L we can square both sides of the equation and rearrange to solve for L:
2 2 𝐿
𝑇 = 4π 4
Simplifying, we get:
2
4π
𝐿= 2
𝑇
2
𝑞𝑇
Therefore, the correct answer is c) 2
4π
𝑟
34. If A = P (1 + 𝑛
), solve for n.
𝑃𝑟 𝐴−+ 𝑃−𝐴 𝑃𝑟
a.) n = 𝐴−𝑃
b.) n = 𝑝𝑟
c.) n = 𝑃𝑟
d.) n = 𝑃−𝐴

Solution
𝑟 𝑃𝑟 𝑃𝑟 𝑃𝑟
A = P (1 + 𝑛
)⇒𝐴= P+ 𝑛
⇒ 𝐴 -P= 𝑛
⇒ (A-P)n = 𝑃𝑟⇒ n = 𝐴−𝑃
 Algebra

1. If = 32, the x equals ____.

a.) 16 b.) 24 c.) 40 d.) 64
the answer is a.) 16 in the answer key, but in my solution the answer will be x = 128.

Solution: 5 7/5
X = (2 )
5/7
𝑥 =32 X=2
7. 7/5

5/7 7/5 7/5 7

(𝑥 ) =32 X=2
5
Note, that the prime factorization for 32 is 2 . X = 128.

2. The values of x in the equation x² - 3x - 40 = 0 are

a) -5, -8 c). 5, -8
b). -5, 8 d). 5, 8
( × - 8 ) (× + 5 ) = 0
SOLUTION: This gives two possible solutions:
To find the values of x in the quadratic equation 1. × - 8 = 0 ×=8
x² - 3x - 40 = 0, you can factor it: 2. × + 5 = 0 × = -5
Therefore, the values of × are 8 and -5.

3.The values of x in the equation x²-(r+s)x + rs = 0 are

a) -r, -s c) r, -s
b) -r, s d) r, s
x-s = 0
Solution: x=s
x²-(r+s)x + rs = 0 x-r = 0
(x-s) (x-r) = 0 x=r

4. If (x+a) (x+b) =(x+c) (x+d) then x=_____________

𝑎𝑏+𝑐𝑑 𝑐𝑑−𝑎𝑏 𝑎𝑏−𝑐𝑑 𝑎𝑏−𝑐𝑑
a) 𝑎+𝑏−𝑐+𝑑 b) 𝑎+𝑏−𝑐−𝑑 c) 𝑎+𝑏−𝑐+𝑑 d) 𝑎+𝑏−𝑐−𝑑

Solution: x2 + bx+ax − (x2 + dx + cx) = x2 + dx + cx +

(x+a)(x+b)=(x+c)(x+d) cd−ab− (x2 + dx + cx)
Expand (x+a)(x+b): x2 + bx+ax+ab ax + bx-cx-dx=cd-ab
Expand (x+c)(x+d): x2+dx+x+cd Factor ax + bx - cx-dx: x(a+b-c-d)
x2 + bx+ax+ab = x2 + dx + cx + cd x(a+b-c-d) = cd - ab
x2 + bx+ax = x2 + dx + cx + cd-ab Divide both sides by a+b-c-d; a≠ b+c+d
𝑐𝑑−𝑎𝑏
x= 𝑎+𝑏−𝑐−𝑑

5. Given f(x) = x2 + 3 and g(x) = 3x + 2. Find f(2) + g(3) = ___.

a) 7 c) 17
b) 11 d) 18

Solution:
By substituting the value of f(x) to f(2), we get, f(2) = (2)2 + 3 = 4 + 3 = 7
By substituting the value of g(x) to g(3), we get, g(3) = 3(3) + 2 = 9 + 2 = 11
Hence, f(2) + G(3) = 7 + 11 = 18.

Answer: d) 18

6. (2 + 3x) (2x + 3) =
a. 4x² + 12x + 6 c. 6x² + 13x + 6
b. 4x² + 12x + 9 d. 4x² + 13x + 6

Solution: Distribute or Use FOIL method:

Rearrange terms: (2 + 3x) (2x+3) ---- (3x+2) (3x+2) (2x+3)
(2x+3) = 6x² + 9x + 4x + 6
= 6x² + 13x + 6
2 2
7. If f(x,y) = 𝑥 - 3xy + 4𝑦 , Find f(2,3)
a) 22 b) 87 c) 15 d) 20

Solution: = 4 - 18 + 36
2
f(2,3) = (2) - 3(2)(3) + 4(3)
2 = 40 - 18
= 22

8. If 3x+y= 44 and 2x+y= 31, then (x, y)= _____.

a) (5,13) b) (13,5) c) (-5, -13) d) (5, -13)

Solution: x=13
Let 3x+y= 44 be the first equation To solve for y, substitute x into either of the given
Let 2x+y= 31be the second equation equations,
We eliminate y by multiplying -1 to the second (3)(13)+y= 44
equation, 39+y=44
3x+y= 44 y=5
-2x-y=-31 Therefore, (x,y)=(13,5).

2
9. Let the domain of f(x) = 3𝑥−1
be {0, 1}. The range of f(x) is the set
a.
{0, 1} c) {2, -1}
b) {-2, 1} d) {-2, -1}

Solution: Evaluate the function for x = 1

2 2
f(x) = 3𝑥−1 f(1) = 3(1)−1
for x = 0 =
2
=1
2 2
f(0) = 3(0)−1 So, the range of the function for the given
=
2
= -2 domain {0,1} is {−2,1}.
−1

10. If M= {(1,2) (3,4) (x,6) (7,8) } is to be a function, then x cannot be equal to

a) 5 b) 6 c) 7 d) 8

Solution :
For a set of pairs to represent a function, each input (X in this case) must be associated with exactly one
output. If there are any repeated X values, it violates the definition of a function.
In this case, X cannot be equal to 3 because the pair (3,4) already has the same input (3) as the pair
(X,6), and a function requires unique inputs for each output.

11. If S = {(1,2), (3,4), (x,6), (7,8)} is to be a function, the s can be ____.

a) 1) b) 2 c) 3 d) 7

Solution: B - The pair (1,2) associates 1 with 2. The pair (3,4)associates 3 with 4. Therefore, 2.
 1
12. Give the domain of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥
.
b) { 𝑥 | 𝑥ϵ𝑅, 𝑥 ≠ 0} b) { 𝑥 | 𝑥ϵ𝑅} c) { 𝑥 | 𝑥ϵ𝑅, 𝑥 ≥ 0} d) { 𝑥| 𝑥ϵ𝑅, 𝑥 ≤ 0}

Solution: = { 𝑥| 𝑥ϵ𝑅, 𝑥 ≠ 0}
𝐷(𝑓) = { 𝑥| 𝑥ϵ𝑅, 𝑓(𝑥)ϵ𝑅} = (− ∞, 0) ∪ (0, ∞)
{ 1
= 𝑥| 𝑥ϵ𝑅, 𝑋 ϵ𝑅 }
2
13. The range of function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 4 for all real number is .
a. 𝑦≥0 b. 𝑦∈𝑅 c. 𝑦≤4 d. 𝑦≥4

Solution:
2
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 4
𝑥=0
2
𝑓(𝑥) = 0 + 4 = 4
𝑦 = ≥4
Answer: D

14. Simplify √3y2/25 + 6y²/49

a) 3√33y over 35 c) 3y over 35
b) 6y√11 over 35 d) 297 over 35

Solution: √297y² over 35

√3y²•4a/25•4a + 6y² • 25/4a • 25 3√33y over 35
√297y²/1225

15. (3 − 2𝑖)(4 + 2𝑖) is equal to _____.

a. 7 d. 8 + 2𝑖
b. 8 − 2𝑖
c. 16 − 2𝑖

Solution:
(3 − 2𝑖)(4 + 2𝑖)
2
12 − 8𝑖 + 6𝑖 − 4𝑖
2 2
12 − 2𝑖 − 4𝑖 → 𝑖 =− 1
12 − 2𝑖 − 4(− 1)
16 − 2𝑖
3−2𝑖
16. 6+2𝑖 𝑖𝑛 𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚 𝑖𝑠________.
11−3𝑖 7−9𝑖
a) 20
c) 40
11−9𝑖 7−9𝑖
b) 20
d) 20

Solution: Multiply the fraction to the conjugate of the denominator

3−2𝑖 6− 2𝑖
6+2𝑖
𝑥 6− 2𝑖
Now, Multiply the numerators and denominators
Numerator: (3−2i)(6−2i)=18−6i−12i+4i² =18−18i−4(since i² = -1)
Denominator: (6+2i)(6−2i)=36−12i+12i−4i² =36+4(since i² = -1)
Simplify,
18−18𝑖−4 14−8𝑖 7 − 9𝑖
36+4
= 40 = 20 .
 7 − 9𝑖
ANS. 20

17. the simplest form of x- [𝑥 − 𝑥(2𝑥 − 3)] is ____?

2 2 3
a. 3x-2𝑥 c. 4𝑥 − 2𝑥
2 3 2
b. 2𝑥 − 3𝑥 d. 2𝑥 − 4𝑥

solution : 2
=-x+ 2𝑥 − 3𝑥
2
[
= x - 𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 3𝑥
2
] 2
= x- ( -x + 2𝑥 − 3𝑥)
= x - ( x-2𝑥 + 3𝑥) = x+x-2𝑥 + 3𝑥
2
2
= x -( x - 2𝑥 + 3𝑥) = 5x-2𝑥
2
2
=x-x+ 2𝑥 -3x

18. The simplest form of 5𝑥 − 3[3 + 𝑥(3 − 𝑥)] is ___.

2 2 2 2
a. 5𝑥 − 𝑥 b. 3𝑥 + 4𝑥 − 9 c. 3𝑥 − 5𝑥 − 9 d. 3𝑥 − 4𝑥 − 9

Solution:
2
5𝑥 − 3(3 + 3𝑥 − 𝑥 )
2
5𝑥 − 9 − 9𝑥 + 3𝑥
2
3𝑥 − 4𝑥 − 9.

19. The sum of (3𝑥³ + 3𝑥²𝑦 − 𝑥𝑦) and (− 4𝑥³ − 6𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦³) is ____
a) 𝑥³ − 3𝑥³𝑦 + 7𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦³
b) 𝑦³ − 7𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑥²𝑦 − 𝑥³
c) 3𝑥³ − 5𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦³
d) − 𝑥³ − 7𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑥²𝑦 − 𝑦³

Solution:
(3𝑥3 +3 3𝑥2𝑦2 − 𝑥𝑦) + (− 4𝑥3 3 − 6𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑦3)
3𝑥 + 3𝑥 𝑦 − 𝑥𝑦 − 4𝑥 − 6𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦
3 2
− 𝑥 + 3𝑥 𝑦 − 7𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦³

20. What is the result when we subtract 2x3 + 3x2y - 4y3 and x3 - xy2 + y - y3
from zero?
a) 5y3 - y + xy2 - 3x2y - 3x3 c) 3x3 + 3x2y + xy2 - y + 5y2
3 2 2 2
b) 3x - 3x y - xy +y - 5y d) 3x3 + 3x2y - xy2 - y - 5y2

Answer : -x3+2x2+3x2y-3y3-y+xy2 2x2 + 3 x2y - 4 y3 - x3 + x y2 - y + y3

Solution: Now, let’s combine like terms:
(2x2 + 3 x2y - 4 y3 ) - (x3 - x y2 + y – y3) -x3+2 x2+3x2y-3y3-y+xy2
Expanding and simplifying:

21. Find the product of (6x-3) and (x + 5)

2 2 2 2
a.) 6𝑥 − 15 b.) 6𝑥 − 27𝑥 − 15 c.) 6𝑥 + 30𝑥 − 15 d.) 6𝑥 + 27 − 15

Solution.
2
6𝑥 + 30𝑥 − 3𝑥 − 15
Combine like terms:
 2
6𝑥 + 27𝑥 − 15
Therefore, the product of
2
(6𝑥 − 3) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (𝑥 + 5) 𝑖𝑠 6𝑥 + 27𝑥 − 15.
2
𝑋 + 2𝑥𝑦
22. The simplest form of 2 2 is _________.
𝑋 + 𝑥 +2𝑦−4𝑦
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
a.) 𝑥−2𝑦−1
b.) 𝑥+2𝑦−1 c.) 𝑥+2𝑦+1
d.) 𝑥−2𝑦+1

Soln:
2
𝑥 +2𝑥𝑦 𝑥(𝑥+2𝑦)
2 2 = (𝑥+2𝑦)(𝑥−2𝑦+1)
( factor out the equation)
𝑥 +𝑥+2𝑦−4𝑦
𝑥
= 𝑥−2𝑦+1
(Reduce the equation into simplest form)

23. The simplest form of 4x²-y² / x²-2x+1 • x²-2/y-2x is ________.

a. (2x+y)(x+1)/x-1 c. 2x+y/1
b. (2x+y)(x+1) / 1-x d. (2x-y)(x+1)/x-1

Solution:
4x²-y²/x²-2x+1 • x²-2/y-2x
= (2x+y)(2x-y) / (x-1)(x-1) • (x+1)(x-1) / -(2x-y)
=(2x+y)(x+1 ) / 1-x
2
2𝑛+3 𝑛 +2
(4 )(16 )
24. The simplest form of 𝑛+1 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛+1
is _____?
(2 ) (8 )
2
𝑛 +14 𝑛 +7
a) 2 c) 4
2𝑛 +14 14
b) 2 d) 2
14
Answer: D. 2

Solution:
2 2 2 2
2 2𝑛+3 2 𝑛 +2 2 2𝑛+3 2 𝑛 +2 4𝑛+6 2𝑛 +4 2 2𝑛 +4
2
2𝑛+3 𝑛 +2 4𝑛+6
(4 )(16 ) (2 ) (4 ) (2 ) (4 ) (2 ) (4 ) (2) (2 )
𝑛+1 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛+1
= = 2
= 2
= 2 2
(2 ) (8 ) 𝑛+1 𝑛 3 𝑛(𝑛+1) 𝑛 +𝑛
2
3 𝑛 +𝑛
2
𝑛 +𝑛 3𝑛 +3𝑛 𝑛 +𝑛 3𝑛 +3𝑛
(2 ) (2 ) (2 ) (2 ) (2 ) (2 ) (2 ) (2)

2 2 2 2 2
4𝑛+6 4𝑛 +8 4𝑛+6+4𝑛 +8 4𝑛 + 4𝑛+14 4𝑛 + 4𝑛+14 4𝑛 4𝑛 14
(2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2 ) (2 ) (2 ) 14
→ 2 2
= 2 2
= 2
= 2
= 2
=2 .
𝑛 +𝑛 3𝑛 +3𝑛 𝑛 +𝑛+3𝑛 +3𝑛 4𝑛 +4𝑛 4𝑛 +4𝑛 4𝑛 4𝑛
(2 ) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2 )+ (2 )

2
7𝑘 3𝑘 𝑘
25. The simplest form of ⎡⎢ 2𝑘 ⎤⎥ is _____.
𝑥 𝑧

14 2
⎣ 𝑦 ⎦4 5
5 𝑥 𝑧 𝑦 𝑥𝑧
a.) 𝑥 𝑧 b.) 4 c.) 14 6 d.) 0
𝑦 𝑥 𝑧 𝑦
Solution
2 2
7𝑘 3𝑘 −𝑘 2𝑘 𝑘
⎡𝑥 𝑧 ⎤ = ⎡⎢ 7𝑘 3𝑘 ⎤⎥
𝑦
⎢ 𝑦2𝑘 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ 𝑧2𝑘 ⎦
𝑥
2
𝑦
= 7𝑘 2
𝑘
3𝑘 2
𝑥 𝑘 𝑧 𝑘
 4
𝑦
= 14 6
𝑥 𝑧

26. By how much 4k is greater than 4h?.

a) 4h-4k b) 4k-4h ater than 4h or 4k-4h.

27. The equation x²-y²=36 is an equation of a?

a) straight line b) parabola c) hyperbola d) circle
Answer: C

2 2
a) (4𝑥 + 𝑦 ) (2𝑥 + 𝑦)(2𝑥 − 𝑦) b) (2𝑥 − 𝑦) (2𝑥 − 𝑦)(2𝑥 + 𝑦)(2𝑥 + 𝑦)
2 2 2 2 4
c) (4𝑥 − 𝑦 ) (4𝑥 − 𝑦 ) d) (2𝑥 − 𝑦)

Solution:

4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
16𝑥 − 𝑦 → (4𝑥 ) − 𝑦 → (4𝑥 + 𝑦 )(4𝑥 − 𝑦 ) → (4𝑥 + 𝑦 )(2𝑥 + 𝑦)(2𝑥 − 𝑦)
4 4 2 2
Therefore, the factored form of 16𝑥 − 𝑦 is (4𝑥 + 𝑦 )(2𝑥 + 𝑦)(2𝑥 − 𝑦).

29. The value of x in the equation 4+3 (x+2)=4x-2 is ____.

a.)12 b.)10 c.)8 d.)15

Solution: 3x=-16
4+3 (x+2)=4x-2 X=-16/3
7 (x+2)==4x-2 Answer: X=-16/3
7x+14=4x-2

1 1
30. The value of x in the expression 𝑥−𝑎
+ 𝑥−𝑏 = 0 is

a. 2𝑎 + 𝑏 c.
𝑎+𝑏
𝑎 2
b. 2 + 𝑏 d. 𝑎 + 2𝑏

Solution: 2𝑥
=
𝑎+𝑏
1 1 2 2
+ =, 𝑥 ≠ 𝑎, 𝑥 ≠ 𝑏 𝑎+𝑏
𝑥−𝑎 𝑥−𝑏 therefore, 𝑥 = 2
𝑥−𝑏+𝑥−𝑎=0
Answer: C
2𝑥 − 𝑎 − 𝑏 = 0

31. The line y = 3x + b passes through the point (2, 4). Find b.
a.) 2 b.) 10 c.) -2 d.) -10

Solution:
Substitute the values x = 2 and y = 4 into the equation:
4 = 3(2) + b
4=6+b
b=4-6
b = -2

32. In the equation x + y = 2 and 2x + 3y = 7 the values of x and y are _____.

a) x = –1 , y = 3 c) x = 1 , y = 3
b) x = 1 , y = –3 d) x = –1 , y = –3

Solution:
Get the value of x through x + y = 2
x+y=2
x=2–y
Now, substitute the value of x on 2x + 3y = 7
2x + 3y = 7
2(2 – y) + 3y = 7
4 – 2y + 3y = 7
4+y=7
y=7–4
y=3
Solve for the value of x
x+y=2
x + (3) = 2
x=2–3
x = -1
Therefore, x = -1 and y = 3.
33. In the quadratic equation y=x^2-8 x+3, the minimum point is

a) (13,4) c) (4, -13)

b) (-13,4) d) (-4,13)

Solution:

To find the minimum point of the quadratic 𝑥𝑚𝑖𝑛 =

−8𝑏
=4
2 2𝑥1
equation y = 𝑥 – 8x + 3, you can use the Now that we have the 𝑥𝑚𝑖𝑛, substitute it back
−𝑏
formula 𝑥𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 2𝑎 where a is the coefficient of
into the equation to find the corresponding y
2
𝑥 and b is the coefficient of x. In this case, a value:
= 1 and b = -8. 𝑦𝑚𝑖𝑛 = (4)^2 − 8(4) + 3 = − 13
To Calculate: Therefore, the correct answer is: c) (4, -13).

34. In the quadratic equation y = 6x – 3x2 -8, the maximum point is ___.
1 −271 271 1
a.) ( 12 , 36 ) b.) (1, -5) c.) (1, -5) d.) ( 36 , − 12
)

Solution:
Arrange the given equation in standard form: y = -3x2 + 6x - 8 , where a = -3, b = 6, and c = -8
The maximum or minimum point of a quadratic function in standard form occurs at the vertex of the
−𝑏
parabola. The x-coordinate of the vertex can be found using this formula: x = 2𝑎
Substitute the value of a and b to the formula.
−(6)
x = 2(−3)
−6
x= −6
x=1
Substitute the x.
y = -3(1)2 + 6(1) – 8
= -3 + 6 – 8
= -5
Therefore, the maximum point is (1, -5).
 Exponent, Radicals and Logarithms

1. Which is non-real?

a.) √0 b.)∛ − 1/8 c.) -∛ − 16 d.) - √-16

The square root of a negative number involves imaginary units. In this case, is 4i (where i is the imaginary
unit) and multiplying it by -1 gives -4i.
So, the non-real option is d.) -√ − 16.

25 35
2. Which is equivalent to 2 × 2 ?.
60 60
a. 4 c). 2
15 50
b). 4 d). 2

SOLUTION:
When you multiply two numbers with the same base (in this case, 2), you can add their
25 35 25+35
exponents. Therefore, , 2 × 2 is equivalent to 2
60
Simplify the exponent: . 2

1
3. Which will rationalize ∜𝑥³ 𝑦²
?
∜𝑥⁴ 𝑦⁴ ∜𝑥𝑦
a) ∜𝑥⁴ 𝑦⁴
c) ∜𝑥𝑦
∜𝑥𝑦² ∜𝑥⁴ 𝑦⁶
b) ∜𝑥𝑦²
d) ∜𝑥⁴ 𝑦⁶
∜𝑥³ 𝑦²
Answer: ∜𝑥³ 𝑦²
Solution:
1 ∜𝑥³ 𝑦² ∜𝑥³ 𝑦²
∜𝑥³ 𝑦²
x ∜𝑥³ 𝑦² = ∜𝑥³ 𝑦²

0 0
3𝑥 +3𝑦
4.The expression 0 0
=_____________
9𝑥 −2𝑦
6
a.) An undefined expression b.) 0 c.) 1 d.) 7

Solution:
Simplify 3x0+3y0 which is 6
Simplify 9x0-2y0 which is 7
0 0
3𝑥 +3𝑦 6
0 0
=7
9𝑥 −2𝑦

𝑥
5. The simplest form of is ___.
12
12 𝑥 3
a) 12
c) 6
2 3𝑥 144𝑥
b) 12
d) 12

𝑥 12
Solution: , by multiplying , we get,
12 12
𝑥 12 𝑥 12 𝑥 (4)(3) 2𝑥 3 𝑥 3
( )( )= 12
= 12
= 12
= 6
.
12 12

𝑥 3
Answer: c) 6
6. The simplest form of ⁶√27x⁹ is ______.
6 3
a) 𝑥 27𝑥³ b) 3𝑥³ c) 3x³ d) 𝑥 3𝑥

Solution: 3
6 3𝑥
27𝑥⁹
𝑥 3𝑥
3 3
6
3
3 (𝑥 )
3 3
6

(3𝑥 )
3 7
−243𝑦
7. 3
=
9𝑦
6 2 6 2
a) 27𝑦 b) − 3𝑦 c) − 27𝑦 d) 3𝑦

Solution:
STEP 4 Cube root
STEP 1 3 6
3 7 7
1
3 7 1 − 27𝑦
−243𝑦 (−243𝑦 ) (−243𝑦 )
( 3
) =( 1 ) = ( 9𝑦
) 3

3
9𝑦 (9𝑦) 3 3 3
− (3 · 3 · 3)(𝑦 · 𝑦 )
STEP 2 Cancel
1 2
(− 27𝑦 )
6 3 − 3𝑦

8. The expression (-32)-⅕ is equivalent to____.

1 1
a) - 2 b) -2 c) 2 d) 2

Solution:
1 5
Rewrite (-32)-⅕ as (- 32 )⅕, then − 32 =-2. Therefore, (-32)-⅕ is equivalent to -2.

3
9. The product of 7 and 7 is ______.
6 6
a) 49 c) 7
5

b) 7
6 5 d) 7

Solution:
3 6 5
7 x 7 = 71/3 x 71/2 =71/3+½ = 75/6 or 7

10. √√3
a) 3 b) 1 c) ^3√3 d) ^4√3

solution :
The expression√√3 can be simplified by taking the square root twice.

√√3 = √3^½ = 3^¼

11. 5√600 - 7√96 + 4√150 = ______.

a) 6√42 b) 408√6. c) 2√654. d) 42√6
Solution: D - 42√6. First, simplify the radical expression of 5√600 - 7√96 + 4√150 into 50√60 - 28√6 +
20√6. Second, subtracting 28√6 from 50√60 is equal to 22√6. Finally, collect the sum of 22√6 and 20√6
which is equal to 42√6.
12. 𝑚+𝑛 𝑛 𝑚 − 𝑛 𝑛= .
2 2
a) 𝑚² − 𝑛 ³ b) 𝑚 + 𝑛 𝑛 c) 𝑚 − 𝑛 𝑛 d) 𝑚 −𝑛

Solution:

𝑚+𝑛 𝑛 𝑚−𝑛 𝑛 = (𝑚 + 𝑛 𝑛) (𝑚 − 𝑛 𝑛)
2
= 𝑚² − (𝑛 𝑛)
2
= 𝑚² − 𝑛 𝑛
= 𝑚² − 𝑛 ³ .

−4 −6
13. (3/5) (5/3)
a. 9/5 b. 25/9 c. 9/25 d. 5/9

Solution:
4 6
3 −4 5 −6 5 3
( ) ×( 3 ) = 4 × 6
5 3 5
4 6 4−6 6−4 2
5 ×3 5 ×3 3 9
4 6 = 1
= 2 = 25
3 ×5 5
Answer: C

6 3
14. 8 + 4

3 18
a) 2 c) 32
6 18
b) 32 /2 d) 2
6 6 6
Solution: 8 = 2 + 32 = 32 /2

3
15. 2 3

3 6
a. 6 c. 6
6
b. 108 d. 6
Solution:
3 6 2 6 3 6 2 3 6 6
2 3= 2 3 = 2 3 = 4×27 = 108

16. 3 75 − 15 12 + 7 3 =?
a) 3 8 c) − 5 66
b) 8 3 d) − 8 3
Solution: 3 75 − 15 12 + 7 3
3 25(3) − 15 4(3) + 7 3 Combine like terms:
3 𝑥 5 3 − 15 𝑥 2 3 + 7 3 (− 15 + 7) 3
15 3 − 30 3 + 7 3 − 8 3.
ANS. − 8 3
 23 3 7 3 2
17. 7𝑥 8𝑥 − 64𝑥 + 𝑥 27𝑥 =_____.
23 3
a. -7𝑥 𝑥 c. 7x 𝑥
23 3
b. 7𝑥 𝑥 d. -7x 𝑥
SOLUTION: 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
3 3
-7𝑥 2 . 𝑥- (- 4. 𝑥)+x. 3. 𝑥. 𝑥
3 7 4
7x − 8𝑥 − − 64𝑥 + 27𝑥 2 3
-7𝑥 .2 𝑥 − (− 4𝑥
2 3
𝑥) + 𝑥. 3𝑥 𝑥
23

2 3 3 7 3 4 23 23 2 3
-7𝑥 8𝑥 −( 64𝑥 + 𝑥 27𝑥 -14𝑥 𝑥 + 4𝑥 𝑥 + 3𝑥 𝑥
2 3 3 3 3 6 3 3 3 2 3
-7𝑥 2 . 𝑥 − (− 4 . 𝑥 . 𝑥)+ 𝑥 3 . 𝑥 . 𝑥 therefore, -7𝑥 𝑥.

2
18. =_____.
2+ 5
2( 2+ 5) 2( 5− 2) 2( 2+ 5) 2( 2_− 5)
a. 7
b. 3
c. 3
d. 7

Solution: 2( 2− 5)
2 2− 5 2−5
× 2( 2− 5) 2( 5− 2)
2+ 5 2− 5 − 3
= 3
.
2( 2− 5)
( 2+ 5)( 2− 5)
2( 2− 5)
2 2
( 2) −( 5)

¾
19. 𝑥 ( 0)
= ___
a) 1 c) 0 d)
3
¾ 4
b) 𝑥

Solution:
¾
(𝑥0) =1 = 1
¾

Note.
( ¾0) Is always 1 because any non zero number raised to the power of 0 is 1.
1. 𝑥
2. 1 Is also 1 because any number raised to the power of 1 is the number itself.

20. Exponent, Radicals and Logarithms

20. (𝑥-3/4)2/3

𝑥 12
a. x-1/7 b. x-1/12 c. 𝑥
d. 𝑥

Answer: B X^-1/12
Solution:

(x-3/4)2/3
(a-m)n = (a-mn)
(x-3/4)2/3 = (x-3/4x2/3)
=x-1/12
3 4
21. 2 3 4
12 3 6
a.) 24 b.) 2 3 c.) 4 d.) 2
Solution.
3 4 2
2· 3· 2
4 2
2= 2
3
2 2 3
3
2 3
2 3 2
22. 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑎𝑏

Soln:
2 3 2 3 2
𝑎𝑏 + 𝑎 𝑏 = 𝑏 𝑎+ 𝑎 𝑏 is the final answer

23. If x=log₈8⁷ then x = ?

a. 1 c. 7
b. 8 d. 0
Solution:
x=log₈8⁷
x=7log₈(8)
x=7 • 1
x=7

24. If x = 𝑙𝑜𝑔1000(10⁶) then x =?

a) 3 c) 10
b) 2 d) 6
Answer: B. 2
Solution:
𝑐
(Property of logarithm) → 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎 (𝑏 ) = c [𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎(b)]

→ x = 𝑙𝑜𝑔1000(10⁶) = 6 [𝑙𝑜𝑔1000(10)]
1
= (6)( 3 )
= 2.
2
25. If 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔7 49 then x = ____.
a) 9 b) 27 c) 3 d) 4

Solution 2 2 4
2 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔7 (7 ) 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔7 (7 )
𝑥 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔7 (49)

3 1
26. If 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥
3 = 9
then 𝑥=

a) 9 b) 27 c) 3 d) 1

Answer: B. 27
3 1
Solution: 𝑙𝑜𝑔 𝑥
3 = 9
1
3
𝑥9 = 3
1
3 3 3
(𝑥 ) = ( 3 )
9
 1

𝑥 3 = 3 = 27
27. If x=e^ln⁵, then x=?
a)0 b)e c)1 d)5

Solution:
To find the value of x when x=e^ln⁵, we'll use the property of logarithms that states eln^y = y
Applying the property to
e^ln⁵, we get x=5
Answer: D

3 6
28. Simplify 4 64
18 3
a) 2 b) 1 c) 2 d) 4

Solution:
3 6 3
3 6 6 3 3 3
4 64 = 4 2 = (4)(2) = 8 = 2 = 2

3 6
Therefore, 4 64 = 2.

29. Find x:(2)2x-2=(1/64)3+x

a.)x=1 b.)x=-1 c.)x=2 d.)x=-2

Solution:
Since the 2 exponential expression does not have the same base, adjust it, so that the 2
could have the same base.
(2)2x-2= (1/64)3+x
-6(3+x)
Raise the base (1/64) to -6= 2
Then, equate the (2)2x-2 = 2-6(3+x)
Proceed in finding x: 2x-2=-6(3+x)
2x+2=-18-6x
8x=-16
x=-2
Answer: d) x=-2

9 1
30. Find x: log 𝑥( 4 ) = 2

3 2
a. 𝑥 = 2
c. 𝑥= 3
81 16
b. 𝑥 = 16
d. 𝑥 = 81
Solution: 𝑥 = (4)
9 2
9 1
log 𝑥( 4 ) = 2 81
𝑥= 16
1 9
𝑥2 = 4
Answer: B

2𝑙𝑜𝑔57
31. 5
a.) 2 b.) 5 c.) 7 d.) 49

Solution:
2𝑙𝑜𝑔57
To simplify 5 , we can use the property of logarithms that states:
𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑎(𝑏)
𝑎 =𝑏
 2𝑙𝑜𝑔57 2𝑙𝑜𝑔57 2
So, 5 becomes, 5 = 7 = 49
1 16
2
𝑙𝑜𝑔
32.) 3 3
= ?
a) 1 c) 3
b) 2 d)16

Solution: 1

1
𝑙𝑜𝑔3
16 = 16 4
2 1
=3 4 4

16
1
4
= (2 )
𝑙𝑜𝑔3 =2
=3
𝑥
𝑥
𝑥
33.𝑥 = 3 If then x=___ ?
a. 0 c. ∛3
b. 3 d. Infinite
Solution: 3
3
𝑥
𝑥 The solution to this is x = ∛3 , as ( 3) =3
𝑥
Start with the given equation: If 𝑥 = 3 Substitute this solution back into the original
Notice that the outermost exponent is x, the equation:
3
𝑥 3 3
𝑥 3
middle exponent is 𝑥 , and the innermost 3
3
3
𝑥 ( 3) =3
exponent is 𝑥 .
𝑥 This confirms that x = ∛3 is indeed a solution to
𝑥 𝑦
Let y = 𝑥 , then the equation becomes: 𝑥 =3 the original equation.
𝑦 Therefore, the correct answer is: c) ∛3
Now, consider the equation 𝑥 =3.
3 2
34.) If x 𝑥 = 243, then x = ___.
a.) 0 b.) 1 c.) 27 d.) 36

Solution:
3 2
x 𝑥 = 243
2

x ⋅ 𝑥 3 = 243
Add the exponents of the same base.
2
1
𝑥 ⋅ 𝑥 3 = 243
2
1+
𝑥 3
= 243
5

𝑥 = 243
3

Solve for x by taking both sides of the equation to the power of to cancel out the exponent on x.
3
5 5 3

(𝑥 ) = (243) 5
3

3
5 5
x = (3 )
x = 33
x = 27
Therefore, x = 27.
 Advanced Algebra

1. The value of the determinant is ____.

a.) 6 b.) -6 c.) 18 d.) -18

Solution:
The expression you provided, represents a 2x2 determinant. For a 2x2 matrix , the determinant is
calculated using the formula:
Determinant = ad – bc.
So, for your given matrix:
= (5 x 4) - (2 x 1)
= 20 - 2 = 18
Therefore, the value of the determinant is 18.

2. The value of x in = 3 is ___.

SOLUTION:
Evaluate the determinant using the formula = ad – bc
The,
x×2–7×3=3
Now, use the commutative property to reorder the terms,
2x - 7× 3 = 3
Multiply the numbers ;
2x – 21 = 3
Move the constant to the right-hand side and change its sign;
2x = 3 + 21
2x = 24
X= 12

3. The point of intersection of the two lines defined by the equations 3x + 3y = 9 and 4x - y = 7 is _____.
a) (1,2) c) (-1, -2)
b) (2,1) d) (-2, -1)

Solution: 3x + 12x - 21 = 9
3x + 3y = 9 15x = 9 + 21
4x - y = 7 15x = 30
Let’s solve for y: x=2
4x - y = 7 Substitute the value of x to get the value of y:
y = 4x-7 y = 4x-7
Substitute the value of y: y = 4(2) - 7
3x + 3y = 9 y=1
3x + 3(4x-7) = 9 Therefore, the point of intersection of the two
lines is (2,1).

4.The domain of the function f(x) = |2x| is ________.

a.)All real numbers b.)x≥2 c.)x≥0 d.)x≤-2

Statement: Since the absolute value function is defined for every real input and yields a non-negative
output, the domain of the function f(x) = |2x| is all real numbers.

5. The range of the function f(x) = |2x - 1| is ___.

 1
a) y ≥ 2
c) y ≥ 0
1
b) y ≥ - 2
d) x ≤ -2

Solution: Since, the absolute value is a non-negative value. Thus, the range of f(x) = |2x - 1| ≥ 0.
Answer: c) y ≥ 0

6. The domain of the function y= 4𝑥 − 1 is ____.

a) x ≥ 0 b) x ≤ -4 c) x ≥ 4 d) x ≥ ¼

Solution:
f(y) ={ y€ IR: y € IR }
={ y€ IR: 4𝑥 − 1 € IR }
={ y€ IR: x ≥¼ }
= x ≥¼

2
7. The vertex of the parabola y = (𝑥 − 1) + 2 is _____.
a.)(-1,2) b.)(1,-2)c.)(-1, -2) d.)(1,2)

Solution:
Formula of a parabola is
2
y = (𝑥 − ℎ) + 𝑘
Where h and k are the vertices
Therefore the vertices are (1,2)

8. The vertex of the parabola y=-(x-2)²-3 is ___.

a) (2, -3) b) (-2, -3) c) (2, 3) d) (-2, -3)
Solution:
The equation of a parabola is in the form, y = a(x - h)² + k, where (h, k) is the vertex. In this case, we
have:y = -a(x - h)²+k
=-(x - 2)² -3
Therefore, the vertex of the parabola is (2, -3).

9. If the graph y = ax² passes through (1, 3), then a = _____?

a) 1 c) 3
b) 2 d) 4

Solution:
Substitute x=1 ; y= 3
y = ax2
3 = a(1)2
a=3

10. the range of the function y=(x-3)^3 + 7 is

a) y greater than or equal to zero c) y greater than or equal to seven

b) y greater than or equal to three d) y less than or equal to seven

Solution : The given function is a quadratic function in the form y = (x - 3)^2 + 7). Since the square of any
real number is non-negative, the minimum value of ((x - 3)^2) is 0.Therefore, the minimum value of (y)
occurs when (x - 3)^2) is 0, which happens when (x = 3). At this point, (y) will be (7) (the constant term).
So, the range of the function is (y geq 7), meaning the function takes on all values greater than or equal to
7. Answer : g greater than or equal to seven
11. Find the value of k so that the graph of y= (x + 1)2 - k passes through (1,3)
a) k = 1 b) k = 2 c) k = 3 d) k = 4

Answer: A - Substitute the coordinates: 3 = (1 + 1)2 - k. Simplify: 3 = 4 - k. Subtract 4 from both sides:-1 =
- k. Multiply both sides by - 1 : k = 1.

12. The length of the line segment determined by the points (4, 1) and (8, -2) is .
a) -5 b) 5 c) 16 d) 9

Solution: 2 2
Points: (4, 1) and (8, -2) 𝐿 = 4 + (− 3)
𝐿 = 16 + 9
Distance formula: 𝐿 = 25
2 2 𝐿 =5.
𝐿= (𝑥 2
− 𝑥 1) + (𝑦 2
− 𝑦 1)
2 2
𝐿= (8 − 4) + (− 2 − 1)

2 2
13. The radius of the circle defined by the equation (𝑥 − 1) + 𝑦 = 25 is .
a. 5 b. 25 c. 26 d. 6

Solution:
2 2 2
(𝑥 − ℎ) + (𝑦 − 𝑘) = 𝑟
2 2
(𝑥 − 1) + 𝑦 = √25
Center: (1,0)
Radius: 5
Answer: A

14. The center of the circle defined by the equation x² - 4x + y² - 10y = - 28 is

a) (-2, -5) c) (2, 5)

b) (-2, 5) d) (2,-5)

Answer: c) (2, 5)
Solution: To find the center of the circle defined by the equation x² - 4x + y² - 10y = - 28, complete the
square for both x and y. The equation can be rewritten as(x – 2)² + (y – 5)² = 9. Therefore, the center of
the circle is at (2, 5).

2 2
15. The equations of the lines tangent to the circle 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 9 whose slopes equal to 0 are _____.
a. x = ± 9 c. y = ± 9
b. x = ± 3 d. y = ± 3

Solution:
𝑦 − 𝑦0 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥0)
𝑦 − 𝑦0 = 0 2
𝑦0 = ± 9 − 𝑥
2 2
𝑥 +𝑦 = 9 𝑦 =± 3
2 2
𝑥 + 𝑦0 = 9
16. The equations of the lines tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = 25 that have no slopes are____.
a) 𝑥 =± 5 c) 𝑦 =± 5
b) 𝑥 =± 25 d) 𝑦 =± 25
Solution: For points where the slope is horizontal, the y-coordinate must be zero.
x2 + 02 = 25
x2 = 25
x = ±5
ANS. x = ±5

2 2
17. 4𝑥 − 16𝑥 + 𝑦 + 8𝑦 = 28 𝑖𝑠 𝑎𝑛 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓?
a. an ellipse c. a circle
b. a parabola d. a hyperbola

complete the square for both x and y terms. 2

4𝑥 − 16𝑥
ellipse form.: 2
(𝑥−ℎ)
2
(𝑦−𝑘)
2 4(𝑥 − 4𝑥)
+ = 1, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 (ℎ, 𝑘) 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟, 𝑎 𝑖𝑠 𝑡 4 2
𝑎
2
𝑏
2
(2) =4
solution:
2 2
(𝑥−2) (𝑦+4)
4(𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 4) − 16 + = 1. therefore the given equation
2 15 60
4(x-2) − 16 represent as ellipse. Hence, the center is ( 2,-4)
2 2
4(x-2) − 16 + (𝑦 + 4) − 16 = 28 the semi- major axis is 15 , and the semi-major
2 2
4(x-2) + (𝑦 + 4) = 60 axis is 60.

18. The graph of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 3) crosses the x-axis
a. once b. twice c. thrice d. four times

Solution:
The function f(x) = x(x-1)(x-2)(x-3) has four distinct roots at x = 0, 1, 2, and 3. Each root corresponds to a
point where the graph crosses the x-axis. Therefore, the graph of the function will cross the x-axis four
times.
𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 1, 𝑥 = 2, 𝑥 = 3.

𝑥
19. The solution set of the inequality 𝑥−2
>3 is ___.
a) (− ∞, 2)𝑈(3, ∞) c) (2, 3)
b) (− ∞, − 2) 𝑈(3, ∞) d) (− 2, − 3)

Solution: {
= 𝑥∈𝑅:
−2(𝑥−3)
𝑥−2
>0 }
𝑆𝑆 = 𝑥∈ 𝑅 : { 𝑥
𝑥−2
>3} = {𝑥∈𝑅:
𝑥−3
𝑥−2
< 0 , r1} = 3 and r2 = 2
={ }
𝑥
𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 : 𝑥−2 − 3 > 0 = (2 , 3)
={ }
𝑥−3𝑥+6
𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 : 𝑥−2 > 0
={ }
−2𝑥+6
𝑥 ∈ 𝑅 : 𝑥−2 > 0

20. If f(x)=3x-2 and g(x) = 4x+5, then f [g(3)]=___________?

a) 33 c) 49
b)119 d) 51

Answer: C. 49
Solution: g(3) = 4x3+5 = 17
Substitute g(3) into f(x),
f[g(3)] = f(17) = 3x17 - 2
f[g(3)] = 51 -2 =49
 3
21. if 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 , 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑓 ◦ 𝑓 𝑖𝑠?
3 3 6 9
a.) 𝑥 b. 2𝑥 c.) 𝑥 d.) 𝑥

3
if f(x) = 𝑥 , then 𝑓 ◦ 𝑓(𝑥), denoted as f(f(x),represents the composition of the function f with itself.
3
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥
3
Now, substitute f(x) into 𝑓 ◦ 𝑓(𝑥): 𝑓 ◦ 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑓(𝑥)) = 𝑓(𝑥 )
3
Replace 𝑓(𝑥) 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑥 :
9
𝑆𝑖𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑓𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑒𝑥𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛: 𝑓 ◦ 𝑓 = 𝑥

22. Find g(x) if f [g(x)] = 3x + 5 and f(x) = 3x + 2.

a.) g(x) = x + 5 b.) g(x) = x + 1 c.) g(x) = 3 d.) g(x) = 3x 1

Soln.: Use trial and error;

Let g(x) = x + 1. Then, f [g(x)] = 3(x + 1) +2
= 3x + 3 + 2
= 3x + 5
This satisfies the assumption that f [g(x)] = 3x + 5 f [g(x)] = 3x + 5. Therefore, g(x) = x + 1.

23. Find g(x) so that g o g o g(x) = 1 − 31 31 − 𝑥

a. 1+𝑥 c. 𝑥
b. 1−𝑥 d. 1 − √𝑥

𝑥
24. If f(x) = 𝑥−1
. Then f ° f (x) is ______.
2
𝑥
a) 𝑥−1
c) x
2
2𝑥 𝑥
b) 𝑥−1
d) (𝑥−1)

Answer: C. x 𝑥
f ° f (x) = ( 𝑥 − 1 ) / (
𝑥
- 1)
𝑥−1
Solution: 𝑥 1
=( 𝑥−1
) / ( 𝑥−1 )
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 −1
Given: f (x) = 𝑥−1 =( ) ( )
𝑥−1 1
= x.

27 𝑥
25. If ( ) 8
=
9
4
, then x = ____.
4 9 2 3
a.) 9
b.) 4
c.) 3
d.) 2

Solution
2

( )
27
8
3
=
9
4

26. If 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑦 32 = 5, then y = .

a) 2 b) 5 c) 32 d) 3

Answer: A. 2
Solution: 𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑦 32 = 5
5
𝑦 = 32
5
𝑦 = 32
𝑦=2

27. The value of x in 2log10 (x-2)=2 is?

a)10 b)12 c)8 d)4

Solution: 10¹=x-2
To solve the equation 10=x-2
We'll first isolate the term by dividing both sides Now, we'll isolate x
by 2 x=10+2
log10(x-2)=1 x=12
Now, we rewrite the equation in exponential form Answer: B

2𝑥
28. The simplest form of ln(𝑒 ) is _____.
𝑥
a) 2 b) 𝑒 c) e d) 2x

Solution:
2𝑥
Note that ln and e^x are inverse operations, which cancel out each other. Hence, ln(𝑒 ) = 2x. Therefore,
2𝑥
the simplest form of ln(𝑒 ) is 2x.

29. The simplest form of ln((e^x)/e^(x-1)) is _______.

a) 2x-1 b) x-1 c) 1 d) e^(2x-1)
Solution:
ln) = ln(e^x)- lne^(x-1) using quotient property in logarithm
= ln(e^x)- lne^(x-1) – since we have the same bases, let us simplify it.
=x-(x-1)=1
Answer: c) 1

𝑙𝑛𝑥
30. The value of x in 𝑒 = 7 is ______.
a. 1 b.7 c. 2.713 d. 6
Solution:
𝑙𝑛𝑥
𝑒 = 7, 𝑥 > 0
𝑥=7
therefore the answer is 7
Answer: B

5
31. The simplest form of the complex number 3 2 is?
𝑖 −𝑖
5(𝑖 − 1) 2(𝑖 − 1) 5(𝑖 + 1) 2(𝑖 + 1)
a.) 2
b.) 5
c.) 2
d.) 5

Solution:
5 3 2
To simplify the complex number 3 2 ​, we first need to simplify the denominator, 𝑖 − 𝑖 .
𝑖 −𝑖
2 3
Recall that 𝑖 = − 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑖 = − 𝑖
5 5
Now, we can rewrite the expression 3 2 as
𝑖 −𝑖 −𝑖 + 1
To rationalize the denominator, we multiply both the numerator and the denominator by the conjugate of
the denominator, which is − 𝑖 − 1
 5 −𝑖 − 1 5(−𝑖 − 1)
𝑥 −𝑖 −1
= (−𝑖 + 1)(−𝑖 − 1)
−𝑖 + 1
−5𝑖 − 5
= 2
𝑖 −1
2 2
Recall that 𝑖 =− 1, 𝑠𝑜 𝑖 − 1 =− 1 − 1 =− 2.
−5𝑖 − 5
= −2
5(𝑖 + 1)
= 2
5 5(𝑖 + 1)
Therefore, the simplest form of the complex number 3 2 is 2
.
𝑖 −𝑖

32. Find the values of x and y in

a) x = 1, y = 2 c) x = 1, y = 1
b) x = 2, y = 1
d) x = 2, y = 2
Solution:

x = 2, y = 2
33. The product of (2 3 1 -2) (3 − 2 − 1 2) is?
a. 8
b. 5
c. -5
d. -1

Solution:
The product is calculated by performing the dot product of the two vectors.
(2 × 3)+ (3 ×-2)+ (1 ×-1)+ (-2 × 2)
=6-6-1-4
= -5
Therefore, the correct answer is: c) -5

34. The zeroes of the rational function r (x) = x3 – 3x2 - x + 3 are ___.
a.) 3, 1, 1 b.) -3, -1, -1 c.) -3, -1, 1 d.) -1, 1, 3

Solution:
Set the function equal to zero.
x3 – 3x2 - x + 3 = 0
Use the synthetic division to get the factor:
1 1 -3 -1 3

1 -2 -3

1 -2 -3 0

x3 – 3x2 - x + 3 = 0
(x – 1) (x2 - 2x - 3) = 0
(x – 1) (x + 1) (x – 3) = 0
Therefore, we get x = 1, x = -1, and x = 3.
 Sequences and Series
1. The sum of all even integers between 7 and 31 is ____.

a.)226 b.) 228 c.) 247 d.) 251

Solution:

Let’s find the even numbers: 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, = 6(16+22)
18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30. = 6(38)
𝑛𝑥
Sn= 1+ 1! ⦏2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1 𝑑)⦎ = 228.
12
= 2
⦏2(8) + (12 − 1)2 ⦎

2. The sum of all multiples of 3 between 5 and 41 is ____

.a). 270 c). 321

.b). 299 d). 330

SOLUTION: largest (39), and n can be calculated using the

To find the sum of multiples of 3 formula
between 5 and 41, you can use the formula for n =
𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 − 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚
for
𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒
the sum of an arithmetic series. In this case, its:
𝑛 multiples of 3, the common difference is 3.
× (first term + last term) where n is 39−6
2 = 3
+ 1 = 12, so n is equal
the number of terms.
to 12.
The first term is the smallest multiple of 3 within
Substitute the values into the sum formula:
the given range ( which is 6), the last term is the
( 6 + 39) = 270

3. The sum of the first n positive multiples of 3 is ____.

3𝑛²
a) 3n c) 2
(3+3𝑛)𝑛
b) 3n² d) 2
Solution:
𝑛
Sn = 2 (a₁ + an)
𝑛
Sn = 2
(3 + 3n)
𝑛(3+3𝑛)
Sn = 2

4. The sum of the first n positive multiples of 7 is ________.

2
7𝑛 (7+7𝑛)𝑛
a.) 7n b.) 7n2 c.) 2
d.) 2

Solution: ● n represents the number of multiples of

The sum of an arithmetic series can be 7,
calculated using the formula: ● a1= 7 (the first term),
𝑛
Sn​= 2 ​⋅(a1​+an​), where ● an​=7n (the n-th term).
Substituting these values into the formula for the
● Sn​is the sum of the series,
sum of an arithmetic series, we get:
● n is the number of terms in the series, 𝑛 (7+7𝑛)𝑛
● a1​ is the first term of the series, Sn​= 2 ​⋅(7​+7n) ⇒ Sn​= 2
● an​is the n-th term of the series. Therefore, the sum of the first n positive
In this case: (7+7𝑛)𝑛
multiples of 7 is indeed Sn​= 2
5. Find the value of x if (7-x), (x+8), and (2x + 3) are consecutive terms of an arithmetic progression.
 a) -4 c) 4
b) -6 d) 6

Solution:
Find the common difference by equating the differences between the given terms:
(x + 8) - (7-x) = (2x + 3) - (x + 8) → Simplify both sides
(x + 8 - 7 + x) = (2x + 3 - x - 8) → Combine like terms
2x + 1 = x - 5 →By subtraction property of equality,subtract both
sides by -x
-x + 2x + 1 = x - 5 - x
x + 1 = -5 →By subtraction property of equality,subtract both
sides by -1
-1 + x + 1 = -5 -1
x = -6
Thus, the value of x in an arithmetic progression is -6.
Answer: b) -6

6.Find x such that 9,x,19 is an arithmetic sequence.

a) 10 b) 12 c) 14 d) 16

Solution: 2x = 28
x-9 = 19-x x = 28/2
2x = 19+9 x =14

7. The sum of the first 100 positive integers is

a) 100 b) 500 c) 505 d) 5050
Solution:

STEP 1
Use the formula STEP 2
𝑛(𝑛+1)
2 100(100+1)
2
= 5050
Where n is the last digit

8. The sum of the first 100 positive odd integers is_______.

a) 1, 000 b) 10, 000 c) 9, 900 d) 10, 100

Solution:
Let n be the number of terms, n = 100
Let a₁ be the first term, a₁ = 1
Let aₙ be the last term, aₙ = 199
Using the sum (S) of an arithmetic series formula,
𝑛 (𝑎₁ + 𝑎ₙ)
S= 2
100 (1 + 199)
S= 2
(100) (200)
S= 2
S = 10, 000
Therefore, the sum of the first 100 positive odd integers is 10,000.

9. The sum of the first 100 positive even integers is ______.

a) 1,000 c) 9,900
b) 10,000 d) 10,100
Solution: Given: n=100
𝑛
S= 2 ​x (2a+(n−1)d) d=2
a=2
Where: 100
S = sum of the series, S= 2 ​x (2⋅2+(100−1)⋅2)
n = number of terms, S=50 x (4+198)
a = first term, S=50 x 202
d = common difference. S=10,100

10. Find the next term of the arithmetic sequence x,2y,4y-x

a) 6y-x c) 6y-2x
b) 4y-2x d) 4y-x

solution : a4=x+3(2y-x)
an=a1+(n-1)d a4=x+6y-3x
a4=x+(4-1)(2y-x) a4=6y-2x

11. Find the tenth term of an arithmetic sequence if the first term is x and the second term is (x - 3y).
a) x - 22y b) x - 27y c) x + 22y d) x + 27y

Solution: B - Apply the formula: an = a + (n - 1)d, where an is the nth term, a is the first term, n is the term
number, and d is the common difference. an = a + (n - 1)d. To find common differences, d = (x - 3y) - x =
-3y. For the 10th term: a10 = x + (10-1)(-3y) = x - 27y.

12. Find the first element of an arithmetic sequence if the sixth element is -2 and the common difference
is -4.
b) 16 b) 18 c) -18 d) -22

Solution: −2=𝑎 − 20
1
𝑎 6 = 2, 𝑑 =− 4 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎 :
1
𝑎 𝑛
=𝑎 1
+ (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 𝑎 = − 2 + 20
1
𝑎 = 18 .
−2=𝑎 1
+ (6 − 1)(− 4) 1

13. The four arithmetic means between 6 and 21 are .

a. 9, 12, 15, 18 b. 8, 12, 18, 20 c. 8, 9, 11, 13 d. 9, 11, 15, 17

Solution: 𝑎 = 6 + 1×3 = 9
2
𝑎 𝑛 = 𝑎 1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 𝑎 = 6 + 2×3 = 12
3
𝑎 6
= 21 𝑎 = 6 + 3×3 = 15
4
21 = 6 + (6 − 1)𝑑 𝑎 = 6 + 4×3 = 18
21 = 6 + 5𝑑 5

5𝑑 = 15 Therefore, the four arithmetic means between 6

𝑑=3 and 21 are 9, 12, 15 and 18.Answer: A

14. A student’s grade on the first of 7 quizzes in Math was 55. However on each successive quiz her
score was 5 more than on the preceding one. What was the average of the seven quizzes?
a) 65 c) 70
b) 67.5 d) 72.5
Answer: c) 70
Solution: 55 + 60 + 65 + 70 + 75 + 80 + 85 = 490 To find the average, divide the total score by the number
of quizzes (7): Average= 490/7 = 70.

3 1 −7 −5
15. Find the next term of the series 8
, 24
, 24
, 8
.
7 −7
a. 24
c. 8
−23 −11
b. 24
d. 24

Solution: 𝑎5 =
3
+ (4)(−
1
)
8 3
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑 3 4
3 1 𝑎5 = 8
− 3
𝑎5 = 8
+ (5 − 1)(− 3
) 23
𝑎5 =− 24

16. Which term of the arithmetic sequence 6, 3, 0, -3, -6 is -36?

a) 13th c) 15th
b) 14th d) 16th
Solution: an = a1 + (n-1)d
- 36 = 6 + (n-1)(-3)
-36 = 6 - 3n + 3
−45= −3n
n = 15.
ANS. 15th

1 1 2
17. What is the seventh term of 3
,2, 3
,....?
5
a. 6
c. 1
1 4
b. 1 6
d. 3
Solution: into the formula for n=7; a7= 3 + 6
1 1
6
to find the n-th term ( 1 1
𝑎𝑛) 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑠𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑖𝑠 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑏𝑦: a7= 3 +6 6
1
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 + (𝑛 − 1) 𝑑. a7= 3 +1
1 1 4
𝑎1 = (1𝑠𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚) is and d is . plug the value a7= 3 . therefore, the seventh term of the given
3 6
4
sequence is 3
.

18. A ball rolling on an inclined plane rolls at 15 cm in the first round. If in every second thereafter it rolls 7
cm more than in the preceding second, how far will it roll in 4 seconds?
a. 29 b. 36 c. 66 d. 102
Solution:
𝑑1 = 15 𝑐𝑚
𝑑2 = 15 + 7 = 22 𝑐𝑚
𝑑3 = 22 + 7 = 29 𝑐𝑚
𝑑4 = 29 + 7 = 36 𝑐𝑚
Total distance = 15 + 22 + 29 + 36 = 102 cm

19. Cesar saves P20 in the first week and each week thereafter saves P1 more than in the preceding
week. How much will he have saved after the 3rd month?
a) 63 c) 275
b) 306 d) 22
 Solution: = 6 (51)
3×4 = 12 𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑘𝑠 = 306
𝑛
𝑆𝑛 = 2 [2𝑎 + (𝑛 – 1)𝑑] Therefore, Cesar will save ₱306 after the 3rd
month.
Let a1= 20 𝑑 = 1 𝑛 = 12
12
= 2
[ 2(20) + (12 − 1)(1)]
12
= 2
(40 + 11)

20.How many times will a clock strike in 36 hours if strikes only at the hour and strike once at 1, twice at
2, thrice at 3 and so on?
a. 78 b. 156 c.234 d.666
Answer: d. 666

𝑛
Solution: 𝑆 = 2
[2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)(𝑑)]
36
𝑆 = 2
[2(1) + (36 − 1)(1)]
𝑆 = 18(2 + 35)
𝑆 = 18(37) = 666

21.find the seventh term of the geometric sequence 1,3,9,…..

a.) 729 b.) 2187 c.) 1093 d.) 3280

Solution.

In the given sequence 1, 3, 9, ..., we can 𝑥7 = 1 × 3

(7−1)
observe that each term is obtained by
6
multiplying the previous term by 3. Therefore, 𝑥7 = 1 × 3
the common ratio ) is 3.
𝑥7 = 1 × 729
𝑥7 = 729
Therefore, the seventh term of the geometric
sequence 1, 3, 9, ... is 729.

22. Find the third term of a geometric sequence whose second term is 3 and whose fifth term is 81.
1 1
a.) 3 b.) 81 c.) 81 d.) 9

Soln.: to find the common ratio:

(5−1)
𝑡5 = 𝑎5𝑟
3
81 = 3𝑟
81 3
3
=𝑟
3 3 3
27 = 𝑟 This implies that r = 3. Then 3(3) = 9 to get the 3rd term

23. Find the geometric mean between 1/12 and 4/27.

a. 25/216 c. 1/81
b. 7/216 d. 1/9
Solution: Gm = 𝑎•𝑏
= 1/12 • 4/27
= 1/9
24. The first term of a geometric series is 1 and the common ratio is 5, determine the largest 3-digit
number that represents a term of this geometric series.
a) 625 c) 995
b) 999 d) 125

Answer: A. 625
Solution:
(i). Given: a₁ = 1
r = 5 (the common ratio)
(ii). To solve for n:
𝑛−1
→ (1)(5) ≥ 100
𝑛−1
(5) ≥ 100
𝑛−1
𝑙𝑜𝑔5 (5 ) ≥ 𝑙𝑜𝑔5100
n - 1 ≥ 𝑙𝑜𝑔5100
n ≥ 𝑙𝑜𝑔5100 + 1
n ≥ 4.32193 ≈ 5
𝑛−1
→ 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎1 𝑟
5−1
𝑎5 = (1)(5)
4
= (5)
= 625.

25. In the geometric sequence whose first element is 0.0001 and whose common ratio is 10, which
element is 10,000?
a) 8 th b) 9 th c) 10 th d) 11 th

Solution:
0.0001 x 10 (n -1) = 10,000
10,000 8
10 (n-1) = 0.0001
= 10
n-1=8
n = 8 +1
n=9

26. A sum of the first 11 terms of the progression +2, -2, +2, -2……. is
a) -2 b) 0 c) 2 d) 22
Answer: C.2
Solution: (+2 -2) + (+2 -2) + (+2 -2) + (+2 -2) + (+2 -2) + (+2)
=0+0+0+0+0+2
=2

27. Mr. Ed Delos Reyes willed one-half of his estate to his eldest child, one-half of the remaining to his
second child and so on until his 4th child who is the youngest received 1.25 million pesos. What was the
total value of the estate?
a)18.25 million b)20 million
c)10 million d)6.26 million

Solution: Fourth child, 1.25 million

Let's denote the total value of the estate to x. Now, we solve for x.
First child, ½ x ⅛ x = 1.25 million
Second child, ½(x-½ x)= ¼ x x = (1.25) (8)
Third child, ½ (x-½ x-¼ x)= ⅛ x x = 10 million
Answer: C
28. A rotating wheel coming to rest makes 256 revolutions in the first second. In any second after the first
5
it makes 6 as many revolutions as it did in the preceding second. How many revolutions does it make
before stopping?
a) 213 ⅓ b) 1, 536 c) 256 d) 307.2

Solution: Then,
Using the formula for the sum of an infinite Total revolutions =
256
= 1, 536.
1−5/6
geometric series, we have:
𝑎 5 Therefore, it makes 1, 536 before stopping.
Total revolutions = 1−𝑟 , where a = 256 & r = 6
.
29. The sum of three numbers in arithmetic progression is 39. If these numbers are increased by 1, 5, and
12 respectively the new numbers will be geometric progression. Find the second term of the geometric
progression?
a) 11 b) 12 c) 13 d) 18
Solution: x=12
x+(x+1)+(x+2)=39 The 2nd term x+1=12+1 =13
3x=39-3 If the 2nd term is increased by 5, then 13+5=18
Answer: d) 18

72
30.The geometric mean and the harmonic mean of two numbers are 18 and 5
respectively. What are
the numbers?
a. 18 and 36 c. 6 and 54
b. 12 and 21 d. 4 and 81
2
Solution:geometric = 18 = 324
2 10 5
2 harmonic = 72 = 72 = 36
5

two numbers using the product and sum reciprocals and sum reciprocals
therefore, the numbers are 18 and 36 Answer: A

31. A sequence denotes ____.

a) order b) permutation c) combination d) series

32. A series is defined as the _____.

a) sum c) difference
b) quotient d) product

Solution:
A mathematical series is the sum of a list of numbers that are generated according to some pattern or rule

33. If the series has an infinite number of terms, then it is

a) an infinite series c) a finite series
b) a series d) a function

Solution:
An infinite series is a sum of an infinite number of terms. It does not have a finite endpoint and continues
indefinitely. Therefore, the correct answer is a) an infinite series

34. If the sequence has n terms, then it is ___.

a.) a finite sequence c.) a series
b.) an infinite sequence d.) a function
Solution:
A sequence with n terms is finite because it has a specific, finite number of terms.
 Geometry 1

1. 1. If the sides of a triangle are in the ratio 5:12:13, then the triangle is.

a.) Acute b.) isosceles c.) obtuse d.) right

Solution:
To determine the type of triangle formed by sides in the ratio 5:12:13, we need to check the angles of the
triangle. We can use the Pythagorean theorem to find out if it is a right-angled triangle.
If the sides of the triangle are a, b, and c (with c being the longest side), the Pythagorean theorem states:
2 2 2
𝑎 + 𝑏 = 𝑐
In your case, the sides are 5x, 12x, and 13x. So, the Pythagorean theorem becomes:
2 2 2
(5𝑥) + (12𝑥) = (13𝑥)
Simplify and solve for x:
2 2 2
25𝑥 + 144𝑥 = 169𝑥
2 2
169𝑥 = 169𝑥

This equation is satisfied for any positive value of x. So, the triangle is a right-angled triangle. Additionally,
since it is a right-angled triangle, and the sides are in the ratio 5:12:13, this triangle is also a Pythagorean
triple. Therefore, it is a right-angled triangle and, specifically, a right-angled, scalene triangle (since all
sides are different lengths).
The triangle with sides in the ratio 5:12:13 is a right-angled, scalene triangle.

2. A post is 9 ft from one wall of a room and 40 ft from the wall at right angle to it. How many ft is it from
the intersection of the two walls?

a). 7 c). 41
b). 21 d). 49
SOLUTION:
You can use the Pythagorean theorem to find the distance from the post to the intersection of the
two walls. The theorem is given by:

Where c is the hypotenuse (distance from the post to the intersection ), and a and b are the lengths of the
other two sides (distance from the post to one wall and distance from the post to the other wall at a right
angle).
In this case, a = 9ft and b = 40ft. Plug these values into the formula to find c.

3. In a parallelogram ABCD, angle A is three times angle B. What is the measure of angle B?
a) 30 b) 45 c) 50 d) 60

Solution: 2(3y) + 2y = 360°

Let A = x = C 6y + 2y = 360°
Let B = y = D 8y = 360°
x = 3y y = 45°
2x + 2y = 360° Therefore the measure of angle B is 45°.
4.A rectangular box with a square base contains 8 cubic feet. If the height is 6 inches, how many feet are
there on each side of the base?
a)2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 6

Solution: Substituting the given values:

● Height of the box ℎ=6 inches, which is 8=s2×0.5
6 8
12
=0.5 feet. s2= 0.5
● Volume of the box V=8 cubic feet. s2=16
The volume of a rectangular box is given by the s= 16
formula: V=length×width×height. s=4
Since the base is square, the length and width
are equal, so the volume formula simplifies to: V
= s2×ℎ
5. The surface area if a cube is 96 square centimeters. How many cubic centimeters are there in the
volume of the cube?
a) 6 c) 32
b) 16 d) 64

Solution: s=4
Let s = length of a side of a cube To solve for volume,
Let V = volume of the cube V = s3
V= 43
SA = 6s2 V= 64
96 6𝑠2
= 6 Thus, the volume of the cube is 64cm3.
6
Answer: d) 64
s2 = 16

6. A metal washer 1cm in diameter is pierced by a ½ cm hole. What is the area of one face of the
washer?
a) π/4 b) π/2 c) 3π/4 d) 3π/16

Solution: Surface area= (πr₂)² - (πr₁)²

A metal washer is made from two concentric Given: 2r₁= ½in and 2r₂ = 1in
circles and it's a ring shape. Then, r₁= ¼in and r₂ = ½in
Let r₁ = the radius of inner circle A= π(½in)² - π(¼in)²
and r₂ = the radius of outer circle = 3π/16 inches²

7. Two Spheres of copper, of radii 1cm and 2cm, respectively, are melted into a cylinder of radius 1cm.
Find the altitude of the cylinder.
a) 2cm b) 3cm c) 4cm d) 12cm

Solution:

STEP 1 Draw

STEP 2 Formulas

4 3
Volume of Sphere: 3
𝝅𝑟

2
Volume of Cylinder: 𝝅𝑟 ℎ
STEP 3 Given 4 3
𝝅((1) + (2) ) = 𝝅ℎ
3
3
4 3
Volume of Copper Sphere 1: 𝝅(1) 4
3
3
𝝅(1+ 8) = 𝝅ℎ
4 3
Volume of Copper Sphere 2: 3
𝝅(2) 4
𝝅(9) 𝝅ℎ
3
𝝅
= 𝝅
2
Volume of Cylinder: 𝝅(1) ℎ 4
3
(9)= ℎ
STEP 4
4 3
𝝅(1) +
4 3 2
𝝅(2) = 𝝅(1) ℎ 12cm = h
3 3

8. A rectangle is 16 meters long and 9 meters wide. What is the length of a side of a square whose area
is the same as that of the rectangle?
a) 5m b) 7m c) 10m d) 12m

Solution: 𝐴𝑟=144m²
Let 𝐴𝑟 be the area of the rectangle In this case,
Let 𝐴𝑠 be the area of the square 𝐴𝑠=𝐴𝑟
Let l be the length of the rectangle x² =144m²
Let w be the length of the rectangle 𝑥²= 144𝑚²
Let x be the length of a side of a square =12m
We solve first the area of the rectangle, Therefore, the side length of the square is 12m.
𝐴𝑟=lw
𝐴𝑟= (16m) (9 m)

9. A square circumscribes a circle whose area is 16л. What is the area of a square?
a) 16 c) 48
b) 32 d) 64

When a square circumscribes a circle, the side Since the radius is also the distance from the
length of the square is equal to the diameter of center of the circle to the midpoint of one side of
the circle. the square, the side length of the square is 2r:
Acircle​=πr2, r = radius of the circle. s= 2r = 2×4=8
16π = πr2 Asquare​= s2
16 = r2 Asquare =(8)2
r=4 Asquare = 64
Therefore, the area of the square is 64

10. When an irregular-shaped object is placed in a cylindrical vessel of water whose radius is 8 cm, the
water rises 6 cm. what is the volume of the rock if it is completely submerged?
Solution :
formula : Vcylinder = pir^2 cylinder h water
Vwater=π×(8cm)2×(6cm)
Vobject = Vwater
Vobject=pi x (8cm)^2 x (6cm)
Vobject = 384 pi cu.cm

11. Find the area of the largest square that can be cut from a circle whose radius is 4mm.
a) 8 sq. mm b) 16 sq. mm c) 20 sq. mm d) 32 sq. mm
Answer: D - Use formula d = 2r where d is diameter, and r is radius, d = 2r = 2(4) = 8. Solve for
square(s): s = 42. Apply formula of area: A = s2 = (42)2 = 32.

12. A rectangular room is to contain 125 sq. meters of flooring. If its length is to be five times its width,
what should its dimension be?
a) 25m x 50m b) 5m x 15m c) 3m x 15m d) 5m x 25m
Solution: 𝑤 = 5𝑚
𝐴=𝑙×𝑤 Hence, the width of the room is 5 meters
125 = (5𝑤) × 𝑤 𝑙 = 5𝑤
125 = 5𝑤 𝑙 = 5 × 5 = 25𝑚

Solve for 𝑤: Therefore, the dimension of the rectangular

𝑤
2
=
125 room should be 5𝑚 × 25𝑚 .
5
2
𝑤 = 25

13. The diagonal of a square is 6√2 meters? Find its area.

a. 6 sq.m b. 12 sq.m c. 18 sq.m d. 36 sq.m

Solution:
2
𝑑 = 𝑠√2 𝐴 =𝑠
2
𝑑 = 6√2 𝐴 = 6 = 36 𝑠𝑞. 𝑚
So, the area of the square is 36 square meters.
𝑠 = 𝑑/√2
𝑠 = 6√2/√2 = 6
Answer: D

14. Three-eights of a revolution is how many degrees?

a) 45° c) 135°
b) 90° d) 67.5°
Answer: c) 135°
Solution: 3/8 x 360/1 = 135°

15. π radians is equal to how many degrees?

a. 45° c. 180°
b. 90° d. 270°

Solution:
π radians is equal to 180°.

16. Sixty degrees is how many radians?

π π
a) 2 c) 4
π 2π
ab) 3
d) 3
𝐷𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑠 𝑥 π
Solutions: 𝑅𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑠 = 180
60 𝑥 π
𝑅𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑠 = 180
π
𝑅𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑠 = 3
π
ANS. 3
17. the base of a rectangle measure 17 and the altitude measure 20. Find the area.
a. 170 c. 85
b. 340 d. 74
Solution: A= 17 x 20
formula : A= B x A A= 340
Given : b( base) = 17 Therefore, the area of the rectangle is 340 sq.
A( altitude ) = 20. Substitute the values units.

18. What is the area of a square with a side of length 4 3?

a. 12 b. 36 c. 24 d. 48

Solution:
2
𝐴 = 𝑆𝑖𝑑𝑒
2
𝐴 = (4 3)
𝐴 = 16 × 3
𝐴 = 48 square units.

19. A square has a diagonal with length of 6. Find its area.

a) 9 c) 18
b) 36 d) 72

Solution: Then, using the formula for area of a

Let the sides of a square be x. square A = s², where x = s.
Using the Pythagorean Theorem a² + b² We have,
= c² 2
𝐴 = (3 2)
We have,
2 2 2 = 9 (2)
𝑥 + 𝑥 =6 = 18
2
2𝑥 = 36
𝑥 = 18
2 Therefore, the area of the square is 18
units.
𝑥 = 3 2 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠

20.Find the area of an equilateral triangle with a perimeter of 9.

81 3 9 3
a) 4.5 b. 2
c. 4
d. 40.5
9 3
Answer: c. 4
Solution: 𝑃 = 3𝑠
𝑃 9
𝑠 = 3 = 3
= 3
3 3
𝐴 = 4
𝑥 3^2 = 4
x9
9 3
𝐴= 4

21. find the area of a trapezoid whose median and attitude have lengths 15 and 18 respectively
a.) 270 b.) 135 c.) 66 d.)can’t be determine from the given information

Solution.
15 15
( 2
+ 2
)·ℎ
𝐴= 2
30−18
𝐴= 2
540
𝐴= 2
𝐴 = 270
Therefore, the area of the trapezoid is 270 square units.
22. An equilateral triangle has an altitude of 5 3 cm long. Find its area.
5 3
a.) 4
𝑠𝑞. 𝑐𝑚 b.) 25 3 𝑠𝑞. 𝑐𝑚 c.) 100 3 𝑠𝑞. 𝑐𝑚 d.) 50 3 𝑠𝑞. 𝑐𝑚

Since, X = 5 and 2X = cd. Hence, the cd or base of

the first triangle is 2(5) = 10 cm long.
Solving the area of the triangle, given h= and b= 10
cm;
1
𝐴 = 2 𝑏ℎ
1
= 2
(10)(5 3)
= (5)(5 3)
= 25 3 𝑠𝑞. 𝑐𝑚

23. If P is the center of the circle whose semi-circle is shown. Find the measure of <x.
a. 31
b. 118
c. 62
d. 59
Solution:

x=180-62 . 59
x=59 degree

24. O is the center of the circle. Find the value of x.

a) 20° c) 70°
b) 40° d) 140°

Solution:
Given:
Circle O, diagonal lines AO and BO intersecting to form a 140° arc.
Central Angle: ∠AOB = 140°
*Note: In an inscribed angle, the measure is half that of the intercepted arc.
In triangle ABC (formed by the chord and diagonal lines),
→ ∠ABC = (½)∠AOB.
→ ∠ACB = (½)140° = 70°

Therefore, angle x (∠ACB) = 70°

25. O is the center of the circle find the value of x.

a) 15° b) 60° c) 30° d) 150°

Solution
2x = 30°
30°
x= 2
x = 15°

26. Find the value of x

a) 50 degrees
b) 75 degrees
c) 55 degrees
d) 110 degrees

Answer: C. 55 degrees
Solution:

27. Find the value of x.

27. Find the value of x

a)35⁰ b)80⁰ c)70⁰ d)160⁰

Solution:
180-80-30= 70⁰
Answer: C

28. Find the value of x. O is the center of the circle and AC || CD.

a) 40 ° b) 80 ° c) 70 ° d) 160 °

Solution:

- Since AB is parallel with CD and O is the center of the circle, extending the radius will change the
diameters of the circle. Since ∠AOC is a central angle then it is equal to the intercepted arc AC
which is 80°.
- Since ∠AOC and x° is a vertical angle, there are equal
x = ∠AOC
x = 80°

29. If m∠A = 3x +10, m∠B = 3x +20 and m∠C = 2x+5, find the measure of ∠D.
a) 33 ° b) 61 ° c) 71 ° d) 109 °
Solution:
m∠A + m∠B +m∠C +m∠D =360
(3x +10)+(3x +20)+(2x+5) +m∠D =360
8x+35+m∠D =360
m∠D =360- 8x- 35
m∠D =-8x +325
Answer: d) m∠D =-8x +325
30. Find the value of x.
𝑜
a. 15
𝑜
b. 115
𝑜
c. 100
𝑜
d. 130
Solution:
𝑜
Angle around a point = 360
𝑜 𝑜 𝑜
𝑥 + 100 + 130 = 360
𝑜 𝑜
𝑥 + 230 = 360
𝑜 𝑜
𝑥 = 360 − 230
𝑜
𝑥 = 130
Answer: D

31. Find the Value of x

a) 6° c) 60°
b) 12° d) 70°

Solution:
x^2 = ½ (6x + 54)-(4x - 6)
x^2 = ½ (6x + 54 - 4x+6)
x^2 = ½ (2x + 60)
x^2 = x + 30
x^2 = x + 30
x^2 - x - 30 = 0
(x - 6)(x+5)=0
x-6=0
x=6
Therefore, x = 6 degrees.

32. Find the value of x

c) 3° c) 113°
d) 11° d) 9°
e) 7

Solution:
10x + 19 = 6x + 47
10x – 6x = 47 – 19
4x = 28

x=7
◦ 1
33. Given m (𝐴𝐶)= 120 and m ∠B = 5 (m ∠BAD) of circle O. Find the measure of ∠BAD
◦
a. 30
◦
b. 75
◦
c. 60
◦
d. 90
Solution:
Let's denote the measure of angle ∠BAD as x.
◦
Since m (𝐴𝐶)= 120 is an inscribed angle in a circle, it is equal to half of the central angle subtended by
the same arc.
◦ ◦
Therefore, the measure of the central angle m∠BOC is 2 × 120 = 240
1 1
Now, we know that m ∠B = 5 (m ∠BAD). So,m 5 (m ∠BAD). = 5 × ∠B.
◦
Since the sum of angles in a triangle is 180 we can write an equation for the central angle:
◦
m ∠B + ∠BOC + m ∠B = 180
Substitute the given values:
1 ◦ 1 ◦
5
(m ∠BAD)+ 240 + 5
(m ∠BAD) = 180
Combine the terms involving m ∠BAD:
2 ◦ ◦
5
m ∠BAD = 180 - 240
2 ◦
5
m ∠BAD = - 60
Now, solve for m ∠BAD:
◦
−60 ◦
m ∠BAD = 2 = = 150
5

However, angles are not negative in this context, so we discard the negative solution. Therefore, the
◦
correct answer is: c) - 60

34. Given 𝐸𝐷 ⊥ 𝐴𝐵, 𝐵𝐶 ⊥ 𝐴𝐸 , and m ∠BFE = 126°. Find x and y.

a.) x = 44°, y = 46°

b.) x = 36°, y = 54°
c.) x = 54°, y = 36°
d.) x = 46°, y = 54°

Solution:
To get the y°, subtract the 126° from 180° since triangle has a sum of 180°.
y° = 180° - 126°
= 54°
To get x°, add all the angles in △ACB and subtract it from 180°.
x° = 180° – (54° + 90°)
= 180° - (144°)
= 180° - 144°
= 36°
Therefore, the answer is x = 36°and y = 54°.
 Coordinate Geometry

1. Find the slope of the line that passes through the points (2,6) and (5,1).
3 3 5 5
a.) 𝑚 = 5 b.) 𝑚 =− 5 c.) 𝑚 = 3 d.) 𝑚 =− 3
Solution:
The slope m of a line passing through two points (x1 + y1) and (x2 + y2) can be found using the formula:
𝑦₂+𝑦₁
𝑚 = 𝑥₂ +𝑥₁ ​
1−6
In this case, the points are (2, 6) and (5, 1). So, plug these values into the formula: 𝑚 = 5−2
​
5
𝑚 =− 3
​
5
So, the slope of the line passing through the points (2, 6) and (5, 1) is − 3
.

2. Find the distance between the points ( -3. -2) and (1,1).

a) 3 c). 4
b). 5 d). 9
SOLUTION:
You can use the distance formula to find the distance between two points

3.Find the midpoint of a line segment with endpoints (4,5) and (6,-7).
a) (5,2) b) (5,-1) c) (5,-2) d) (5,1)

Solution:
𝑥₁+𝑥₂ 𝑦₁+𝑦₂
M=( 2 , 2
)
4+6 5+(−7)
M=( 2
, 2
)
10 −2
M=( 2
, 2
)
M = (5,-1).

4. Find the other endpoint of a segment with one endpoint at (3, -7) and the midpoint at (2,0).
a) (1,7) b) (-4,3) c) (3, -4) d) (7,1)

Solution: 3+x=4
𝑥1+𝑥2 𝑦1+𝑦2 x=1
Midpoint = ( , )
2 2 For y,
3+𝑥 (−7)+𝑦
(2,0) =( 2
, 2
) (−7)+𝑦
=0
2
For x, -7+y=0
3+𝑥
2
=2 y=7
So the other endpoint is (1,7)
5. Find the equation of the line containing the point (2,-3) and has a slope of 1.
a) y = x - 5 c) y = x - 3
b) y = x + 5 d) y = x + 3

Solution:
Equation of a line in a point-slope form
y - y1 = m ( x - x1)
y - (-3) = 1 ( x - 2) ⇒ y + 3 = x - 2 ⇒ y = x - 2 - 3 ⇒ y = x - 5
Answer: a) y = x - 5

6. Find the equation of the vertical line through (4,2).

a) x=2 b) x=4 c) y=2 d) y=4
Solution: A vertical line passing through this point has an equation of the form x = a, where a is the x-
coordinate of the point where the line passes through. For the given point (4, 2), the equation of the
vertical line would be x = 4.

7. Find the equation of the horizontal line through (4,2)

a) x = 4 b) x = 2 c) y = 4 d) y = 2

Solution:
For horizontal lines with a zero slope. y is equal to the point of its location
Therefore y = 2

8. Find the equation of the line through (0,0) and perpendicular to x=5.
a) y=5 b) y=5x c) y=0 d) y= x+5

Solution:
We know that the line x = 5 is vertical, and any line perpendicular to it is horizontal.
The equation of a horizontal line passing through (0, 0) is simply:
y=0
Therefore, the equation of the line through (0,0) and perpendicular to x=5 is y = 0.

9. Find the equation of the line through (0,5) with a slope of -4.
a.) y = -4x + 5 b.) y = 4x - 5
c.) y = 5x - 4 d.) y = -2

The equation of a line in point-slope form is Substitute:

given by: y - 5​= -4 (x−0​)
y−y1​= m (x−x1​) y - 5 = -4x
where; Express the equation in slope-intercept form
(x1​,y1​) = point on the line, (y=mx+b)
m = slope. y= -4x +5

10. The line through (-2,-1) with a slope of 3/6 also passes through the point (6,y). find y

Solution :
The formula for the slope of a line m is given by:
m= change in y/change in x
In this case, you are given a point (-2, -1) on the line and the slope m= ⅜ You can use this information to
find the equation of the line in point-slope form: y - y-1 = m(x - x-1)
where(x-1, y-1) is the given point (-2, -1)
Substitute the values into the equation: y - (-1) =3/8}(x - (-2)
Now, solve for (y) to find the equation of the line. Once you have the equation, you can substitute \(x = 6)
to find (y): y - (-1) =3/8(6 - (-2)

Simplify right side

y+1 = ⅜ x 8
Now, simplify further:
y+1=3
Now, isolate y by subtracting 1 from both sides of the equation:
y=3−1
y=2

11. Select the coordinates that satisfy the equation x + 4y - 16 = 0.

a) (-4,-3) b) (-3,-4) c) (3,4) d) (4,3)

𝑥
Solution: D - Transpose 16, x + 4y = 16. Solve for y, y = 4 - 4
. Find the values of m and b using the
1
intercept form y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept, b = 4 and m = - 4
. Select any x
4
values(4) and plug them into the equation to find the corresponding y values, y = 4 - 4
= 3, and x = 16 -
4y = 16 - 4(3) = 16 - 12 = 4. Therefore the coordinates of x is 4, while y is 3. Therefore (4,3).

12. Select the equation that describes a line containing the point (-2,3).
a) x + 2y -4 = 0 b) 2x + y - 1 = 0 c) 3x + 2y - 12 = 0 d) x + y + 1 = 0

Solution: (− 2) + 2(3) − 4 = 0
Points (− 2, 3) −2+6−4=0
𝑥 =− 2 0=0
𝑦=3
𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4 = 0

13. What is the equation of the x-axis?

a. x = 0 b. y = 0 c. x+y = 0 d. x-y = 0

Solution:
Since the x-axis is the horizontal line where the y-coordinate is always 0. The equation of the x-axis is
𝑦 = 0.
Answer: B

14. What is the equation of the y-axis?

a) x = 0 c) x + y = 0
b) y = 0 d) x - y = 0

Answer: a) x=0
Solution: The equation of the y-axis is x= 0 because all the points on the y-axis have an x-coordinate of 0.

15. Find the equation of the line through (5,-3) and perpendicular to the x-axis.
a. x = 5 c. y = 5
b. x = -3 d. y = -3

Solution:
A line perpendicular to the x-axis is parallel to the y-axis. Therefore, its equation will be of the
form x = 5, where 5 is the x-coordinate of any point on the line.
. Find the equation of a line through (-2,5) and parallel to the x- axis.
a) x = -2 c) y = -2
b) x = 5 d) y = 5
Solution:
A line parallel to the x-axis has a constant y-coordinate. In this case, since the line is parallel to the x-axis
and passes through the point (-2, 5), the equation is:
y=5
So, the equation of the line through (-2, 5) and parallel to the x-axis is y = 5.
ANS. y = 5

17.Find the equation of the line through ( 2,7) and perpendicular to the y-axis.
a. x=2 c. y=2
b. x=7 d. y=7

solution: 7=0 x 2 + b
substitute, m=0 , x=2 , y=7 b= 7
into y=mx+b substitute , m= 0 , b=7 into y=mx + b : y= 0 x + 7
y= 7 .

18. Find the equation of the line through (4, -7) and parallel to the y-axis.
a. x=4 b. x=-7 c. y=4 d. y=-7

Solution:
A line parallel to the y-axis is vertical, and its equation is of the form x=constant. Since it is parallel to the
y-axis, the value of x remains constant for all points on the line. For the given point (4, -7), the equation of
the line parallel to the y-axis passing through this point is x=4.

19. If the segment connecting (x1 ,3) and (5,y2) is bisected by the point (7,-5). Find the value of x and y.
a) x=9, y=13 c) x=-6, y=-1
b) x=6, y=1 d) x=9, y=-13

Solution: To solve for y,

Using the midpoint formula 3+𝑦
= −5
2
(𝑥1+ 𝑥2 𝑦1+𝑦2
2
, 2 . ) 3 + 𝑦 = − 10
We have, 𝑦 = − 10 − 3
𝑀= ( 𝑥−5
2
,
3+ 𝑦
2 ) 𝑦 = − 13
To solve for x,
𝑥+5 Therefore, the value x1= 9 and y2 =
2
=7 − 13.
𝑥 + 5 = 14
𝑥 = 14 − 5
𝑥=9

20. If the point (x,2) is equidistant from (3,2) and (7,2), then x = ________?
a.1 b. 2 c.4 d.5

Answer: D. 5
Solution: If the point (x, 2) is equidistant from (3,2) and (7,2) then it lies at the midpoint of the line segment
between these two points. Since the y-coordinates are the same, the x-coordinate of the midpoint is the
average of the x-coordinates of the given points:
3+7 10
2
= 2 = 5.

21.. find x if the point (x,0) is equidistant from (5,3) and (-2,4).
a.) 0 b.) 1 c.) -1 d.) 5
Solution. 2 2
(𝑥 − 5) + 9 = (𝑥 + 2) + 16
For the distance to (5, 3): 2 2
2 2
𝑥 − 10𝑥 + 25 = 9 = 𝑥 + 4𝑥 + 4 + 16
𝑑1 = (𝑥 − 5) + (0 − 3) 2 2
𝑥 − 10𝑥 + 34 = 𝑥 + 4𝑥 + 20
For the distance to (-2, 4): − 10𝑥 + 34 = 4𝑥 + 20
2 2 − 14𝑥 + 34 = 20
𝑑2 = (𝑥 − (− 2)) + (0 − 4)
− 14𝑥 =− 14
2
(𝑥 − 5) + (0 − 3) =
2 2
(𝑥 + 2) + (− 4)
2 𝑥=1

22. Find the point of y-axis which is equidistant from the point (5, 2) abd (-3, -2)
a.) (0, 2) b.) (2, 0) c.) (0, -2) d.) (-2, 0)
Soln.
Let the coordinates of the point on y-axis be P( 0, y).
Let the given points be A (5, 2) and (-3, -2). Given the distance formula;
2 2
𝑑 = (𝑦2 − 𝑦1) + (𝑥2 − 𝑥1)
Now, PA = PB;
2 2 2 2
(0 − 5) + (𝑦 − 2) = (0 − (− 3)) + (𝑦 − (− 2))
2 2
25 + 𝑦 − 4𝑦 + 4 = 9 + 𝑦 + 4𝑦 + 4
2 2
2 2
( 25 + 𝑦 − 4𝑦 + 4) = ( 9 + 𝑦 + 4𝑦 + 4)
2 2
25 + 𝑦 − 4𝑦 + 4 = 9 + 𝑦 + 4𝑦 + 4
2 2
𝑦 − 4𝑦 − 𝑦 − 4𝑦 = 13 − 29
− 8𝑦 = − 16
𝑦= −2
Therefore, the point of y-axis is (0, 2)

23. Find y if the slope of the line segment joining (3,5) and (6,y) is -,4.

a. -1 c. 1
b. -7 d. 7

Solution: (3,5) (6,y) and m = -4 y-5/3 = -4

y₂ - y₁/x₂ - x₁ = -4 y-5 = -12
y-5/6-3 = -4 y = -12+5
y = -7

24. What is the slope of the line through (2, 5) and parallel to the line 3x - 2y = 5.
a) 3x - 2y = -4 c) 3x - 2y = 4
b) 2x - 3y = 4 d) 2x - 3y = -11

Answer: A. 3x - 2y = -4
Solution: slope-intercept form → y = mx + b
-2y = 5 - 3x
2y = 3x - 5
y = ³⁄₂x - ⁵⁄₂ (thus, the slope of 3x - 2y = 5 is ³⁄₂).
Now, let's check the slopes of the options:
3x−2y= −4: Slope is ³⁄₂

25. Find the equation of the line through (4, 5) and perpendicular to the line 4x - 5 =0.
a) y = 5 b) ( , 5)
4
5
c) x =
5
4
d) ( , 4)
5
4
Solution
4x - 5 = 0
4x = 5
5
x= 4

1
26. If a line perpendicular to 𝐴𝐵 has a slope of 2
, what is the slope of 𝐴𝐵
1 1
a) 2
b)- 2
c) 2 d)-2
Answer: D. -2

1
Solution ; Let m be the slope of 𝐴𝐵. The slope of the line perpendicular to 𝐴𝐵 is 2
1
m . ( 2 ) = -1
1
m. 2
(2) = -1(2)
m = -2
27. What is the slope of the line of its inclination is 30⁰?
a)√3/3 b)⅓ c)√3 d) 1

Solution:
Slope = tan (30⁰)
= tan (π/6)
= sin(π/6) / cos(π/6)
= ½ / √3/2
= 1/3
Answer: B

28. What is the point of the line if its inclination is 135°?

a) 1 b) -1 c) 2 d) m = − 2

Solution:
If the inclination of a line with positive x-axis is θ, then the slope is m = tan θ.
Here, θ = 135° is given.
Hence, m = tan 135° = -1.

29. .) Find the point on the x-axis that is equidistant from (-2,5) and (0,1).
a) (-1,0) b) (1,0) c) (7,0) d) (-7,0)

What is asked= Midpoint

Given: x1=-2, x2=0, y 1=5, y2=1
Solution:
M=[( x1+x2)/2 , ( y1+y2)/2]
=[(-2+0)/2 ,(5+1)/2]
=(-1,3)
Answer: (-1,3)

30. Find x so that (x,x) is equidistant from (0,1) & (3,2).

3 3 3 3
a. ( 2 , 2 ) c. (- 2 ,- 2 )
2 2 2 2
b. ( 3 , 3 ) d. (- 3 , 3 )
Solution:
2 2 2 2
(𝑥 − 0) + (𝑥 + 1) = (𝑥 − 3) + (𝑥 − 2)
distance from (x,x) to distance from (x,x) to
(0,1) (3,2)
2 2 2
(𝑥 − 0) + (𝑥 − 1) =(𝑥 − 3) +(𝑥 − 2)
2 2 2 2
𝑥 +𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 1 =𝑥 − 6𝑥 + 9 + 𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 4
2 2
2𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 1 =2𝑥 − 10𝑥 + 13
8𝑥 = 12
12 3
𝑥 = 8 𝑜𝑟 2
3 3
therefore, the answer is ( 2 , 2
) Answer: A

31. What is the area of a triangle with vertices (0,8) , (0,0) , and (-8,0)?
a.) 16 b.) -16 c.) 32 d.) -32

Solution:
To find the area of a triangle with vertices (0,8), (0,0), and (-8,0), you can use the formula for the area of a
triangle formed by three points in the Cartesian plane:
Area = 1/2 * |x1(y2 - y3) + x2(y3 - y1) + x3(y1 - y2)|
Where (x1, y1), (x2, y2), and (x3, y3) are the coordinates of the vertices.
Let's plug in the coordinates of the given vertices:
(x1, y1) = (0, 8)
(x2, y2) = (0, 0)
(x3, y3) = (-8, 0)
So, the formula becomes:
Area = 1/2 * |0(0 - 0) + 0(0 - 8) + (-8)(8 - 0)|
Area = 1/2 * |-8(8)| Area = 1/2 * 64
Area = 32 square units
Therefore, the area of the triangle is 32 square units.

32. Point (3,4) is the center of a circle that is tangent to the x-axis. The point of tangency is _____.
a) (0,3) c) (0,4)
b) (3,0) d) (4,0)
Solution:

33. If all points, 5 units from (1, 2) are joined, the result will be
a) a rectangle with an area of 25 sq. units
b) a circle of diameter 5
c) a circle of radius 5
d) a square with an area of 100sq. units

Solution:
To determine the correct answer, let's consider the points and their distances:
Given a point(1, 2), if we move 5 units in each direction (up, down, left, right), we get four points:(1,7),
(1,-3), (-4,2), and (6,2).
Now, if we join these points, we form a square with side lengths of 5 units. Therefore, the correct answer
is: d) a square with an area of ( 100sq.).

34. The perpendicular bisector of , where it is formed by joining (4, 5) and (-6, 5), is a line ___.
a.) parallel to the y-axis, passing through (0, 0).
b.) parallel to the y-axis, passing through (-1, 5).
c.) perpendicular to the x-axis, passing through (-1, 5).
d.) parallel to the x-axis, passing through (-1, 5).

Solution:
Find the midpoint of 𝐴𝐵, denoted as M that given by the coordinates:
𝑋1+𝑋2 𝑌1+𝑌2
M( 2
, 2
)
Given the points A (4, 5) and B (-6, 5), the coordinates of the midpoint M are:
4+(−6) 5+5
M( 2 , 2 )
−2 10
M( 2
, 2
)
M (-1, 5)
The slope of the line AB is:
𝑌2−𝑌1
𝑚𝐴𝐵= 𝑋2−𝑋1
5−5
𝑚𝐴𝐵= −6−4
0
𝑚𝐴𝐵= −10
𝑚𝐴𝐵= 0
Since the slope of 𝐴𝐵 is 0, the slope of the perpendicular bisector will be undefined since it is
perpendicular to 𝐴𝐵. A line with an undefined slope is vertical and parallel to the y-axis.
Since the perpendicular bisector passes through the midpoint (-1, 5), the answer is parallel to the y-axis,
passing through (-1, 5).
 Statistics and Probability

1. The scores of 8 students were 75, 78, 73, 82, 87, 89, 93, 95. What was the average score of the
students?
a.) 82 b.) 83 c.) 84 d.) 44

Solution:
To find the average score, you add up all the scores and then divide by the number of students. Here's
the solution:
𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠
𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 = 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠
Given scores: 75, 78, 73, 82, 87, 89, 93, 95.
Sum of scores = 75 + 78 + 73 + 82 + 87 + 89 + 93 + 95
Sum of scores = 672
Number of students = 8
672
𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 = 8
𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 = 84
So, the average score of the 8 students is 84.

2. The mean of 7 numbers is 63. what is the sum of the numbers?

a). 9 c). 0.9
b). 44.1 d). 441

SOLUTION:
The mean (average) of a set of numbers is calculated by dividing the sum of the numbers by the
count of the numbers. In this case, the mean is 63, and you have 7 numbers.
So, the sum of the numbers would be
mean x count:
sum = mean x count = 63 x 7
= 441

3. Out of 100 numbers. Sixteen were 5’s, twenty-one were 6’s, thirty were 7’s and the remaining were 8’s.
Find the arithmetic mean of the numbers.
a) 6.5 b) 6.8 c) 7.0 d) 7.1

Solution:
𝑆𝑢𝑚
Arithmetic mean = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑡
Sum = (16x5) + (21x6) + (30x7) + (33x8) = 680
680
Arithmetic mean = 100 = 6.8

4. Thirty students in a class averaged 80% on a certain exam. Twenty others averaged 90%. What is the
class average?
a) 84 b) 85 c) 86 d) 87
Let's denote:
● n1​as the number of students who averaged 80%.
● n2​as the number of students who averaged 90%.
● p1​as the average score of the group that averaged 80%.
● p2​as the average score of the group that averaged 90%.
Given:
● n1​=30
● n2​=20
● p1​=80%=0.80
● p2​=90%=0.90
To find the class average, we use the formula:
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑠𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑠
Class Average= 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑆𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠
The total score is the sum of the scores from both groups. We can calculate it as follows:
Total Score=(n1​×p1​)+(n2​×p2​)
Total Score=(30×0.80)+(20×0.90)
Total Score=(24)+(18)
Total Score=42
Now, we calculate the total number of students:
Total Number of Students=n1​+n2​
Total Number of Students=30+20
Total Number of Students=50
Finally, we calculate the class average:
42
Class A Average: 50 =0.84(100)=84%

5. If the average annual income of 15 workers is Php 66,000 and 6 of the workers made Php 30,000 for
the year, what is the average annual income of the remaining 9 workers?
a) Php 66,000 c) Php 30,000
b) Php 50,000 d) Php 90,000

Solution: Subtract total income to the income of 6 workers

Let A = Avg. Annual Income to solve for the remaining income.
Let T = Total Income 990,000 - 180,000 = 810,000 (T1 =
Let n = number of workers remaining income)
To find the average annual income of 9
A=
𝑇 remaining workers, divide it by T1
𝑛 810, 000
𝑇 A=
66,000= 15
9
A= 90,000
T = (66,000)(15)
Thus, the average annual income of the 9
T = 990,000
remaining workers is Php 90,000.
Since, 6 workers made Php 30,000 each, their
Answer: d) Php 90,000
income is:
(30,000)(6) = 180,000

6. Anna has an average of 87% on 5 exams in statistics. What must she get in the sixth exam to average
88% on the six exams?
a) 87 b) 88 c) 93 d) 95

Solution: Now, (435% + x %)= 88% (6)

If the sixth exam is x %, because Anna has an (435 + x) % = 528 %
average of 87% on 5 exams. 435+x = 528
So, 87% x 5 = 435% x = 528-435
Thus, the average of six exams is 88% x= 93
Hence, the sixth exam is 93
.
7. The average of 15 numbers is 7. Angelo is adding these numbers and mistakenly reads 6 of the
numbers as 9 instead of 7, What average will he get?
a) 7.6 b) 7.8 c) 8 d) 8.2

Solution: x = 105 7 × 9 = 63
STEP 1 (solve for x) STEP 2 (Solve for amount of STEP 3 (Get average)
𝑥
=7 9’s and 7’s) 54 + 63 = 117
15
9 × 6 = 54 117
= 7.8
15
8. Find the range of the set of numbers: 7, 3, 9, 8, 1, 17.
a) 10 b) 7 c) 16 d) 17

Solution:
The smallest number in the set is 1 and the largest number in the set is 17.
Range = Largest number - Smallest number
Range = 17 - 1
Range = 16
Therefore, the range of the set of numbers is 16.

9.Two coins are tossed. How many possible outcomes are there?
a) 2 c) 8
b) 4 d) 16

Solution:
1 coins has 2 possible outcomes (Head,Tail)
So, So, the number of possible outcomes is 2 x 2 = 4

10. Two dice are tossed. how many possible outcomes are there?

solution : two dice are tossed is (6 x 6 = 36). Therefore,

When two dice are tossed, the number of there are 36 possible outcomes.
possible outcomes is determined by the product
of the number of outcomes for each die. Each
die has 6 faces, so there are 6 possible
outcomes for each die.
The total number of possible outcomes when

11. How many numbers of 4 digits each greater than 5000 can be formed from the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
7?
a) 30 b) 60 c) 90 d) 360

Solution: D - Since 5000 starts with 5, the first number must be 5, 6, or 7. leaving only 3 possibilities. The
second digit from the 4 digits has 6 possibilities, while the third digit has 5 possibilities. Also, the final
number only has 4 possibilities. Therefore, 3 x 6 x 5 x 4 = 360.

12. How many 2-digit numbers of two different digits can be formed from the numbers 0, 2, 4, 6, 8?
a) 12 b) 16 c) 20 d) 25

Solution: Thus, we can confirm

For the first digit there would be 4 possibilities ( 20, 24, 26, 28
2, 4, 6 ,8) 40, 42, 46, 48
For the second digit there would be 4 60, 62, 64, 68
possibilities as well. 80, 82, 84, 86
Then, we have 4 × 4 = 16 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑠. Therefore, there would be 16 two digits numbers
of two different digits that can be formed from
the numbers 0, 2, 4, 6, 8.

13. . A committee of 7 is to be selected from 8 seniors and 5 juniors. In how many ways can this be done
if the committee must be composed of 4 seniors?
Solution:
To select a committee of 7 members with 4 seniors, you need to choose 4 seniors out of 8 available and
then fill the remaining 3 spots with juniorsfrom the 5 available.
The number of ways to choose 4 seniors out of 8 is given by the combination formula:
𝐶(8, 4) = 8! /4! (5 − 3)!
And the number of ways to choose 3 juniors out of 5 is given by:
𝐶(5, 3) = 5! /3! (5 − 3)!
Total ways 𝐶(8, 4) × 𝐶(5, 3)
Answer: C

14. In how many ways can the judges in the Bb. Pilipinas pageant choose the Philippine representatives
to the Miss Universe and Miss World beauty contests from among 5 finalists?

a) 5 c) 20
b) 10 d) 25

Answer: 25
Solution: For each pageant, there are 5 finalists to choose from, so there are 5 choices for the Miss
Universe representative and 5 choices for the Miss World representative. Using the multiplication rule, the
total number of ways to choose both representatives is: 5×5=25. So, there are 25 ways for the judges to
choose the Philippine representatives to the Miss Universe and Miss World beauty contests from among
5 finalists.

15. In how many ways can the first, second and third places be chosen from a group of 10 contestants?
a. 27 c. 720
b. 30 d. 1000

Solution:
10!
𝑃 =
10 3 (10−3)!
10!
= (7)!
= 720
16. In how many ways can 4 person sit in a round table?
a) 4 c) 24
b) 6 d) 30
Solution: ( n - 1)!
( 4 - 1)! = 3!
3! = 3x2x1 = 6
Ans. 6

17.a multiple choice test consists of 5 questions with 3 possible answers but only one of which is correct.
In how many ways can a student answer the 5 questions and get them all correct?
a. 1 c. 5
b. 3 d. 15

Solution:
total possible answer: 3
number of questions: 5.
5
thus, 1 = 1. Therefore, there is only 1 way for students to answer all the questions correctly.
18. How many straight lines can be drawn, given 5 points, no three of which are collinear?
a. 5 b. 10 c. 15 d. 20
Solution: 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 =
20
𝑛(𝑛−1) 2
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 = 2 𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 = 10.
5(5−1)
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 = 2
5(4)
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑠 = 2

19. A pair of dice is tossed. Find the probability of getting a total of 8?

31 29
a) 36 c) 36
5 7
b) 36
d) 36

Solution:
Each dice have 6 possible outcomes.
So, 6 × 6 = 36 possibilities
To get a total 8 we have the following pairs: (2, 6) , (3, 5) , (4, 4) , (5, 3) (6, 2).
5
Therefore, the probability of getting a total of 8 is 36 .

20. A group of 3 boys and 2 girls are seated in a row of 5 chairs. Find the probability that they will be
seated alternately?
3!2! 2 3 1
a. 5! b. 5 c. 5 d. 5

1
Answer: d. 5
Solution:
Therefore, the probability P is given by:
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠
P= 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠
2𝑥3!𝑥2!
P= 5!
1
P = 5

21. find the probability of getting a head or a tail in a single toss of a coin?
1 1 1
a.) 4 b.) 2 c.) 8 d.)1
Solution.
𝑁𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒
𝑃 = 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒−𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑠
2
𝑃= 2
𝑃=1
Therefore, the probability of getting a head or tail in a single toss of a fair coin is 1 or 100%.

22. A pair of dice is tossed. If one die shows a 5, what is the probability that the other die shows a 5 also?
1 1 1 1
a.) 36 b.) 6 c.) 11 d.) 12
Sol.: the probability that the other die shows a 5 is:
𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑣𝑜𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑂𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑠𝑖𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑢𝑡𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒
Since, we have two dice and the, thus the total no. of possible outcome is 12. but it was stated that the
one die shows 5, therefore there are only 11 total no. of possible outcomes and one favorable outcome
for 5.
1
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 11

23. A card is drawn from a deck. What is the probability that the card drawn is an ace?
a. 2/13 c. 1/13
b. ½ d. 5/26
Solution: P = 4/52
=1/13

24. One card is drawn at random from 100 cards numbered 1 to 100. What is the probability that the
number on the card is divisible by 5.
1 1
a) 2 c) 4
1 1
b) 3
d) 5
Answer: D. ⅕

Solution: iii.) No. of favorable outcomes = total number /

Probability = no. of favorable outcomes / total common difference
no. of possible outcomes = 100 / 5
= 20 terms
i.) numbers divisible by 5 from 1 to 100: 5, 10, iv.) P = no. of favorable outcomes / total no. of
15, 20, 25,..., 100 (arithmetic sequence) possible outcomes
ii.) common difference of the sequence: 5 = 20 / 100
= 1 / 5.

25. A basket of 20 apples, three of which are rotten. If an apple is selected, what is the probability that is
good?
17 3 17 3
a) 20 b) 20 c) 23 d) 23

Solution
20 − 3 17
20
= 20

26. A card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 53 cards. what is the probability that a card drawn is face
card?
1 3
a) 4 c) 52
3 1
b) 13
d) 2

3
Answer: B. 13
Solution: total number of cards in deck: 52
total number of face cards in the deck: 12
𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑑𝑠
P (face cards) = 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑐 𝑎𝑟𝑑𝑠
12
= 52
3
= 13

27.A box contains 5 red balls, 3 green balls and 4 blue balls. If two balls are drawn in successio without
replacement. What is the probability that both are red?
a) (5/12) (3/11) b) (5/12) (5/12)
c) (5/12) (4/11) d) (4/12) (3/11)
Answer: C

28. A student has 4 different books. In how many ways can he arrange them in a bookshelf?
a) 4 b) 8 c) 12 d) 24

Solution:
The number of ways to arrange n distinct items in a specific order is given by the factorial of n, denoted as
n!. Then, 4! = 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 24
Therefore, he can arrange them in a bookshelf in 24 different ways.
29. In how many ways can 3 boys and 4 girls sit in a row of 7 chairs if the boys and the girls alternate?
a) 3!*4! b) 2! c) 2! 3! 4! d) 7!
Solution:Let B= Boys , G=Girls
Representation: “BGBGBGB”
3!*4! =6*24=144 Answer:a) 3!*4!

30. Eight children are to be sealed in a round table. In how many ways can they be seated?
a. 5! b.6! c.7! d.8!
Solution:Circular permutation formula = (n-1)!
n=8
(n-1)! = (8-1)! = 7! Answer: C

31. Given S = (2, 5, 9, 7, 8, 8) consider the following statistics

I. The mean score is 6.5
II. The median is 4
III. The mode is 8
Which of the following is true?
a.) I only b.) I and II only c.) I and III only d.) II and III

32. There are 100 envelopes in a box. Of these, 40 contain ₱50, 30 contain ₱100, 20 contain ₱500, and
10 contain ₱1000. If one draws an envelope at random from the box, what is his expectation?
a) ₱16.50 c) ₱200
b) ₱412.50 d) ₱250

Solution: Mean =
40(50) + 30(100) + 20(500) + 10(1,000)
100
Let n = 100
Σ𝑥
Thus, Mean = 𝑛
Mean =
25,000 Mean = 250
100
10
33. Find the value of ∑ 𝑖 .
𝑖=1
a) 1 b) 10
c) 11 d) 55

Solution:
To find the sum of the first 10 natural numbers, In this case, n = 10,𝑎1= 1, and 𝑎𝑛 = 10. Plugging
you can use the formula for the sum of an these values into the formula:
𝑛
arithmetic series: S= 2 (𝑎1 + 𝑎𝑛) 10
S= 2 (1 + 10) = 5(11) = 55
where: Therefore, the correct answer is d) 55.
- S is the sum,
- n is the number of terms,
- 𝑎1 is the first term,
- 𝑎𝑛 is the last term.
4
2
34. Find the value of ∑ 𝑖 .
𝑖=1
a.) 1 b.) 4 c.) 17 d.) 30
Solution:
4
2
To find the value of ∑ 𝑖 , evaluate the sum of the squares of the first four positive integers.
𝑖=1
4 4
2 2
∑ 𝑖 = 12 + 22 + 32 + 42 = 1 + 4 + 9 + 16 = 30, Therefore, the value of ∑ 𝑖 is 30.
𝑖=1 𝑖=1
 Word Problems

1. What are the possible remainders of prime numbers greater than 2 when it is divided by 5?
Answer: 1,2,3,4

Solution:
When a prime number greater than 2 is divided by 5, there are only four possible remainders: 1, 2, 3, and
4. This is because any integer can be written in one of the forms 5k, 5k + 1, 5k + 2, 5k + 3, or 5k + 4 for
some integer k. If the number is of the form 5k, it is divisible by 5, so it's not prime (except for 5 itself). If
the number is of the form 5k + 1, 5k + 2, 5k + 3, or 5k + 4, then the remainder when divided by 5 can only
be 1, 2, 3, or 4, respectively.
So, the possible remainders of prime numbers greater than 2 when divided by 5 are 1, 2, 3, and 4.

2. In a bag of marbles, the ratio of the number of green marbles to the number ofblue marbles is 4 to
5.Ifthere are 48 green marbles, how many blue marbles are in the bag?
Solution:

Given: number of blue marbles:green marbles= 4x=(48)5

4:5 4x=240
Green marbles= 48 240
x= 4
Let: x= blue marbles
4 48 x= 60
5
= 𝑥 Therefore, there are 60 blue marbles in the bag.

3. A meter stick was cut into 2 at the 45-cm mark. What is the ratio of the lengths of the two pieces to
each other?
Solution:

Let a and b be the lengths of two pieces of cut b = 55 cm

meter stick. To find the ratio:
a + b = 100 cm 𝑎 45 9
= 55 ÷ 5 = 11 = 9:11
𝑏
45 cm + b = 100 cm
Therefore, the ratio of the lengths of the two
b = 100 cm - 45 cm
pieces to each other is 9:11.

4. There are 570 students in a school. If the ratio of females is 7:12, how many male students are there?
ANSWER: 360 male students

Let's denote: Let’s calculate this values:

● f as the number of female students, 7 (7)( 570) 3990
f =( 19 )(570)=( 19 )=( 19 )=210 female
● m as the number of male students.
students
Given: 570 students 12 (12)( 570) 6840
So we have: m =( 19 )(570)=( 19
)=( 19 )=360 male
7
f =( 19 )(570) students
12
m =( 19 )(570)
5. When each side of a square lot was decreased by 3m, the area of the lot was decreased by 105 sq. m.
What was the length of each side of the original lot?

Solution: A = x2, since each side is decreased by 3

Let x = original length of each side of the square meters, the new length of each side is
lot A1 = (x - 3)2.
Let A = area of a square Hence, A- A1 = 105
x2 - (x-3)2 = 105
x2 - (x2 - 6x + 9) = 105
 x2 - x2 + 6x - 9 = 105 x = 19
6x - 9 = 105 Thus, the length of each side of the original lot
6x = 105 + 9 was 19m.
6𝑥 114
= 6 Answer: 19m
6

6. The difference of ⅔ of an even integer and one-half of the next consecutive even integer is equal to 5.
What is the odd integer between these two even integers?
Answer: 36

Solution: 4x-3x-6/6= 5
Let x is the first term even integer and their X= 36
consecutive even integer is x+2. Checking:
[⅔(x)]- [½(x+2] = 5 [⅔(36)]- [½(36+2] = 5
2x/3 - x+2/2 = 5 24 - 19= 5
5=5

7. Find the average of all numbers from 1 to 100 that end in 8?

Ans: 53

Solution:
STEP 1 (List down numbers and add)
8+18+28+38+48+58+68+78+88+98 = 530
STEP 2 (Get average by dividing it the sum with the number of items)
530
10
= 53

8. A motorist travels m miles in h hours. How far does he travel in 1 minute?

Solution: In this case, we want the distance per minute,

Let m miles be the distance traveled Distance per minute =( 𝑡
𝑚 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑠
)
Let h hours be the time taken 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠
𝑚 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑒𝑠
Let tminutes be the total time in minutes Distance per minute = ( 60ℎ 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 )
Convert hours to minutes 𝑚
60 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠 Therefore, the motorist travels 60ℎ miles
tminutes=(h hours) ( ℎ
)
per minute.
tminutes= 60h minutes

9. A shirt costs a man P 488.00 after he received a 20% discount. What is the original cost of the shirt?
Ans. 610 pesos

Let:
X = original cost of the shirt be We have,
The man received a 20% discount, so he paid 488.00 = 0.8 × X
80% of the original cost. 488.00 = 0.8X
The discounted cost (P) is given by: 488.00/0.8 = X
P = 0.8 × X X = 610.00
Given that P =488.00 pesos, Therefore, the original cost of the shirt is 610.00
pesos

10. A tank is ⅞ filled with oil. After 75 liters of oil are drawn out, the tank is still half full. how many liters
can the tank hold?
Solution : denominators:
Let's denote the total capacity of the tank as ( T 7T - 600 = 4T
). Initially, the tank is ⅞ filled, so the amount of
oil in the tank is ⅞ x T Subtract (4T) from both sides:
When 75 liters are withdrawn, the remaining
amount is ⅞ x T-75 . According to the given 3T = 600
information, this remaining amount is half of the Now, divide by 3:
total capacity:
⅞ x T-75 = ½ x T T = 200
Now, solve for ( T ):
⅞ x T-75 = ½ x T So, the tank can hold 200 liters of oil.
Multiply both sides by 8 to get rid of the

11. Instead of multiplying the number by 17, Jose divided it by 17. If the answer he obtained was 1, what
should have been the correct answer?

Solution: 289 - If you divide a number by 17 and obtain an answer of 17, we can determine the correct
answer by reversing the division. We need to multiply 17 by 17, 17 x17 = 289. Therefore, the correct
answer should have been 289.

12. Two new aquariums are being set up. Each one starts with 150 quarts of water the first fills at the rate
of 15 qt per minute. The second one fills at the rate of 20 quarts per minute. When would the first tank
6
contain 7 as much as the second tank?

Solution: − 150 =− 15𝑡

6 −150
( 7 ) (150 + 20𝑡) = 150 + 15𝑡 𝑡 = −15
6 (150 + 20𝑡) = 7 (150 + 15𝑡) 𝑡 = 10
900 + 120𝑡 = 1050 + 105𝑡 𝑡 ≈ 10 .
900 − 1050 = 150𝑡 − 120𝑡
6
Therefore, the first tank will contain 7 as much water as the second tank after 10 minutes

13. Is the sum of any two prime numbers always a composite number?

Solution:
No, the sum of any two prime numbers is not always a composite number. In fact, there is a special case
where the sum of two prime numbers results in another prime number.
Answer: No

14. The neighbourhood shop gives 25% discount for senior citizens and 1% discount to students. May
gets 3.50 pesos off her purchase and her grandfather gets 4.70 pesos off. How much did both of them
spend?

Answer: 368.80 pesos

Solution: For May 3.50/0.01 = 350 pesos. For Grandfather 4.70/0.25 = 18.80 pesos 350+18.80=368.80
pesos

15. Is the ratio of the circumference to the diameter of all circles always the same?
Answer: yes

16. What time is 15 hours and 35 minutes before 3: 45 pm?

Solution: To find the time that is 15 hours and 35 minutes before 3:45 pm, we subtract 15 hours and 35
minutes from 3:45 pm.
Subtracting 15 hours from 3:45 pm:
- 3:45 pm - 15 hours = 12:45 am (the next day)
Subtracting 35 minutes from 12:45 am:
- 12:45 am - 35 minutes = 12:10 am
Therefore, 15 hours and 35 minutes before 3:45 pm is 12:10 am on the next day.

17.What time is 3 hrs. and 17 min. before 2: 07 am?

ans. 10:50 p.m

Solution:
to find the time 3 hrs. and 17 mins. before 2:07 am subtract 3 hrs. - 17min. from 2:07 am equals 10:50pm

18. If the ratio of guava to star apple is 5:7 and the ratio of star apple to chico is 6:11, what is the ratio of
guava to chico?

Solution:
(𝐺: 𝑆) × (𝑆: 𝐶) = 𝐺: 𝐶
5×6
(5: 7) × (6: 11) = 7×11
𝐺: 𝐶 = 30: 77. Answer

19. How many ⅜’s are there in ⅓?

8
Answer: 9

1 3 1 3 8
Solution: 3
÷ 8
= 3
× 8
= 9

20. What is the difference between the area of a square whose side is 4 inches and circle whose diameter
is 4 inches?
Answer: 16-4π

Solution: A= π 𝑥 radius2
Area of the square: =4 π square inches
A=S2 Difference= Area of square – Area of Circle =
Area of square = 42=16 square inches 16- 42
Area of the Circle:

21. Is the sum of a prime number and a composite number always even?

Solution.
No, the sum of a prime number and a composite number is not always even.
A prime number is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself.
Examples of prime numbers include 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and so on.
A composite number, on the other hand, is a natural number greater than 1 that is not prime. It has more
than two positive divisors. Examples of composite numbers include 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, and so on.
Let's take an example:
Prime number: 3
Composite number: 4
The sum of 3 and 4 is 7, which is an odd number.
So, the sum of a prime number and a composite number can be either even or odd, depending on the
specific numbers chosen.
22. What will be the effect in the volume of a rectangular prism if each of its dimensions is doubled?

Sol.: The volume (V) of a rectangular prism is given by the formula:

where l is the length, w is the width, and ℎis the height of the rectangular prism.
Now, let's see what happens to the volume when each of its dimensions is doubled.
Original Volume (𝑉1); 𝑉 = 𝑙 × 𝑤 × ℎ
New Dimensions (each dimension is doubled):
New length = 2l
New width = 2w
New height = 2h
the New Volume (𝑉2 ) with doubled dimensions:
𝑉2 = 2𝑙 × 2𝑤 × 2ℎ
3
𝑉2 =2 𝑉1, So, when ea ch dimension of the rectangular prism is doubled, the new volume is
eight times the original volume

23. Each dimension of a right circular cone is divided by the same number. The new volume is 1/216 of
the original. Compare the dimensions of the new cone with the original.

Solution:

24. A sphere has a radius of 7 m. What is the length of the side of the largest cube which can be placed
inside the given sphere?
Answer: 14 m.

Solution:
Formula for cube side length (s);
s = 2r
s = 2(7m)
= 14 m.

25. A sphere has a radius of 7m. What is the length of the side of the largest cube which can be places
inside the given sphere?

Solution:
r=7m
𝑑𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑒 = 2 x r
=2x7m
= 14 m
 𝑑𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑒 = (3) (𝑠𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑒)
(3) (𝑠𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑒) = 14
14
𝑠𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑒 =
3

𝑠𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑒 = ( )( )
14
3
3
3
14 3
𝑠𝑐𝑢𝑏𝑒 = 3
Therefore, the length of the side of the largest cube that can be placed inside the given sphere with a
14 3
radius of 7 meters is 3
meters.

26. A circle with a radius of 5 m and a square with sides of 10 m are arranged so that a vertex of a square
is at the center of the circle. What is the area common to the figures?

Solution: Radius of the circle =

10 2
2 2 2
Diagonal = (𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒) + (𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒) Radius of the circle = 5 2
Now we have the radius of the circle and r = 5m
2 2
Diagonal = 10 + 10 therefore 5 2 = 5
2
Diagonal = 200 Area of the circle = π × (𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠)
2
Area of the circle = π × (5)
Diagonal = 10 2 Area of the circle = 25π
Now to solve the radius of the circle, Therefore, the common area to both figure is
𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙
Radius of the circle = 2
25π square meters.

27. In a classroom, chairs are arranged so that each row has the same number. If Ana sits 4th from the
front and 6th from the back, 7th from the left and 3rd on the right. How many chairs are there?

Solution: Next, let's consider Ana's position from both the

To solve the problem, left and right
First let's analyze Ana's position from the front 7+4-1=9
and back. Since the number of rows of the chairs are the
4+6-1=9 same, the total number of chairs in the
classroom is
9x9 = 81

7 1
28. A line segment on a scale drawing is 3 and 8
cm long. The scale of the drawing is 4
cm : 1m. What
real length does the line segment represent?
Solution: represented by the drawing
7 1
Note that 3 and 8 cm = 3.875 and 4 cm : 1m = Then,
1𝑚
y = zx
1/4 𝑐𝑚
or 4 m/cm. = (4 m/cm)(3.875 cm)
Let x = length of the line segment on the drawing = 15.5 meters
(3.875 cm) Therefore, the real length of the line segment
y = real length of the line segment represented by the scale drawing is 15.5 meters.

29.) In a polyhedron, the number of corners plus the number of faces minus the number of edges is equal
to ________?

Euler’s Formula: V−E+F=2 Answer:2

30. A number that is equal to the sum of all factors that are less than itself is called perfect number. What
is the smallest number.
Solution:6= factors are 1,2,3
1+2+3= 6
Therefore, the smallest perfect number is 6 Answer: 6

31. The area of rectangular plot is 414 ft^2 and the perimeter is 82 ft. What are the dimensions of the
rectangular plot?
Solution:
Let the L and the width be W. From the given data, we have:
2L + 2W = 82
LW = 414
Solving these equations, we find L = 23 and W = 18.
Thus, the dimensions of the rectangular plot are 18ft. By 23ft.

32. A textbook is opened at random. To what pages is it opened if the product of the facing page number
is 7310?

Solution: Use Quadratic Equation

x(x + 1) = 7310 Let a = 1, b = 1 and c = – 7310
x2 + x = 7310 x=
− 𝑏 ± 𝑏²+4𝑎𝑐
x2 + x – 7310 = 0 2𝑎

x=
− (1) ± (1)²+4(1)(−7310) x = 85
2(1) x + 1 = 86
−1± −29241
x= Checking
2
−1± 171 x(x + 1) = 7310
x= 2 85(86) = 7310
x₁ =
−1 + 171
or x₂ =
−1 − 171 7310 = 7310
2 2
Therefore, pages 85 and 86 are opened in the
x₁ = 85 or
x₂ = -86 textbook.
Reject x₂ since there is
no negative page number

33. The GCF of two numbers is 5 and their LCM is 525 . What is the product of the two numbers?
Product of two numbers = GCF ⨉ LCM
Solution: In this case, the GCF is 5 and the LCM is 525.
To find the product of two numbers given their Therefore, the product of the two numbers is:
greatest common factor (GCF) and least Product} = 5 ⨉525 = 2625
common multiple (LCM), you can use the Therefore, the answer is 2625.
following relationship:

34. The telephone and doorbell ring together at 9:15 a.m. The telephone rings every 12 minutes and the
doorbell rings every 17 minutes. What time will they both ring together again?
Answer: 12:39 p.m.
To convert 204 minutes into hours and minutes:
Solution: 204 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠
= 3.4 hours
60 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒𝑠
Determine the least common multiple (LCM) of
60 minutes x 0.4 hours = 24 minutes
their ringing intervals.
204 minutes = 3 hours + 24 minutes
To find the LCM, take the highest power of each
Therefore, they will ring together again at 9:15
prime factor:
2 a.m. and added by 3 hours and 24 minutes that
LCM (12, 17) = 2 × 3 × 17
results in 12:39 p.m.
LCM (12, 17) = 4 × 3 × 17
LCM (12, 17) = 204
The telephone and doorbell will ring together
again after 204 minutes.