Part B

Unit - 3
DBMS Concepts

A. Multiple choice questions

1. Which of the following can be considered an example of a database?
(a) Dictionary (b) Telephone directory (c) Marks Register (d) All of the above
2. Which of the following is NOT a DBMS?
(a) MS Access (b) Open Office Base (c) MS Excel (d) MySQL
3. DBMS stands for ______________________.
(a) Data and Books Management System (b) Database Management System
(c) Duplicate Books Management System (d) Data Management Multi System
4. Which of the following data models sets a relation between the two or more tables?
(a) Relational Data Model (b) Network Data Model
(c) Hierarchical Data Model (d) Connection Data Model
5. The details associated with an entity are called ____________.
(a) Table (b) Attributes (c) Records (d) Primary key
6. A __________ is represented as rows in a table.
(a) field (b) attribute (c) record (d) candidate key
7.In which of the following forms can a data value be represented?
(a) Numeric (b) Character (c) Alphanumeric (d) All of the above
8. Which of the following uniquely identifies a row in a table?
(a) Primary key (b) Alternate key (c)Foreign key (d) Candidate key
9. A _________is a feature of a database using which we can enter data in a table in an easy
and user friendly manner.
(a) query (b) report (c) form (d) field
10. A _____________ is a question asked from a database.
(a) query (b) report (c) form (d) field
11.Which of the following is NOT a type of text data type?
(a) Memo (b) Varchar (c) Float (d) Char
12. A currency data type can only store monetary data that is in dollars.
(a) True (b) False (c) Neither a nor b (d) Both a and b
13. Which of the following data can a date data type store?
(a) Date (b) Time (c) Both date and time (d) Neither date nor time
14. Which of the following is true about LibreOffice Base?
(a) It is a spreadsheet software (b) It is free and open source software
(c) It can store only character data (d) It is a licensed software.

15. Which of the following methods can be used to create a table in Base?
(a) Using a table wizard (b) Design View (c) Both a and b
(d) Neither a nor b
16. The related objects of a database can be seen in the _____ pane of the Base Database
window.
(a) Database (b) Task (c) Title Bar (d) Menu Bar
17. Which is the shortcut key to open an existing database?
(a) Ctrl+ D (b) Ctrl+O (c) Ctrl+E (d) Ctrl+F
18. The Design view of Table Creation window in LibreOffice Base is divided into ______
sections or panes.
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
19. While entering records in a table, we can move to the next field by pressing the
_________ key.
(a) Tab (b) Ctrl (c) Enter (d) Shift
20. Which of the following is true about the primary key of a table?
(a) Every table must have a primary key (b) The data values in primary key field cannot be
duplicated. (c) A primary key field cannot be left blank
(d) All of the above
21. Which of the following actions can be performed once the tables are created in a
database?
(a) Add a field in a table (b) Rename a table (c) Delete a table (d) All of the above
22. Which of the following is checked by a DBMS?
(a) Redundancy (b) Inconsistency (c)Both(a)and(b) (d) Neither (a) nor
(b)
23. Which of the following is required to set a relationship between the two tables?
(a) Both the tables must be in different databases
(b) Both the tables must have a common field
(c) Both the tables must have the same name
(d) Both tables must be stored in documents folder only.
24. If a record is added in a master table, which of the following is NOT true for transaction
table
(a) The record in the master table is called the master record
(b) The corresponding record in transaction table can only be entered once.
(c) The record in the transaction table is called the transaction record.
(d) It is possible to add a record in the master table
25. Which type of relationship exists between a student and the subjects studied by
him/her?
(a) One-to-one (b) One-to-many (c) Many-to-many (d) All of the above
26. Consider the following tables. Which type of relationship can be established between
the two tables?
(a) One-to-one (b) One-to-many (c) Many-to-many (d) None of the above
Table 1: Item Table 2: Item Category
Item_Code Category_Code
Item_Name Cat_Name
Price Item_Code
Qty Cat_Disc
Category_Code
27. Which of the following menus contains the Relationship option?
(a) Edit (b) File (c) Tools (d) View
28. The list of tables to be added is displayed in the ________ dialog box in the Relationship
Screen.
(a) Add Tables(b) Add Databases (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
29. In the relationship design screen, the relationship between the two tables are done
using the __________ operation.
(a) Click (b) Double Click (c) Drag and Drop (d) Right click
30. Which of the following is NOT an option that can be used to maintain referential
integrity in a database?
(a) No Action (b) Set NULL (c) Set Default (d) Set Value
31. Which of the following is refer to asking questions from the database?
(a) Report (b) Table (c) Query (d) Database
32. Which of the following are the ways to design a query?
(a) Wizard (b) Design View (c) SQL (d) All of the above
33. Which is a flexible way to create a query?
(a) Wizard (b) Design View (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b)
34. Into how many parts is the query design window divided?
(a) One (b) Two (c) Three (d) Four
35. Which of the following is NOT true about queries?
(a) It can be created using multiple tables
(b) Multiple queries can be created in a database
(c) A query can run multiple times
(d) A query once created cannot be edited
36. Which of the following is the shortcut key to run the query?
(a) F3 (b) F4 (c) F5 (d) F6
37. Which of the following functions can be performed on numerical data while designing a
query?
(a) Sum (b) Minimum (c) Maximum (d) All of the above
38. In a Query Design wizard, which of the following buttons is clicked to move a field from
‘Available fields’ list box to ‘Fields in the query‘ list box?
(a) > (b) < (c) ∨ (d) ∧
39. Which of the following relational operators can be applied to set the criterion while
designing a query in LibreOffice Base?
(a) > (b) = (c) != (d) All of the above
40. Which of the following dialog box is present when the Query Design window is opened
for the first time to design a query?
(a) Add Table (b) Add Query (c) Add Table or Query (d) None of the above
41. Which of the following step is not performed if there is no numerical data to be worked
upon in a query?
(a) Selection of fields (b) Giving Aliases (c) Summarising (d) Selection of tables
42. Which of the following toolbars contains the Label tool?
(a) Standard Toolbar (b) Forms Controls Toolbar (c) Records toolbar (d) Formatting
toolbar
43. The Record toolbar has the buttons to move to the
(a) first record (b) second record (c) last record (d) all records
44. Which of the following is NOT true about forms?
(a) It is the front end for data entry (b) It can contain only text fields
(c) Graphics can be inserted on the form (d) It can contain only fixed number of records
44. Which of the following keys is pressed to select only textbox on the form?
(a) Alt (b) Shift (c) Ctrl (d) Tab
45. Which of the following properties in the Properties: Label Field text box is used to insert
a tool-tip on the form?
(a) Tool Text (b) Help Text (c) Tool Tip (d) Help Tip
46. Which of the following objects of LibreOffice Base is used to display data retrieved from
one or more tables in a presentable manner?
(a) Query (b) Form (c) Report (d) Panel
47. Which of the following values of Date Format property is selected to view a calendar on
the form?
(a) Standard (short) (b) Standard (long) (c) Default (d) Standard (Medium)
48. Which of the following commands on the Forms Control toolbar is used to toggle
between Design View and Form view?
(a) Design Mode (b) Toggle Mode (c) View Mode (d) Print mode
49. Using which of the following objects in a database, can a report be generated?
(a) Tables (b) Queries (c) Both a and b (d) Neither a nor b
50. Which of the following components open along with the Report Wizard?
(a) Report Builder (b) Add Fields dialog box (c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Neither (a) nor (b)
51. The details associated with an entity are called ____________. (a) Table (b)
Attributes (c) Records 1 Page 5 of 7 (d) Primary key
52. Identify the mode, where we can modify in the structure of table? a. Datasheet view c.
Design view b. Structure view d. All of the above
53.What is the primary purpose of a query in a database? (a) To enter new records (b) To
create reports (c) To retrieve specific data (d) To design forms
54. Which of the following is NOT true about forms?
(a) It is the front end for data entry (b) It can contain text fields (c) Graphics can be inserted
on the form (d) It can accept only fixed number of records
B. Fill in the blanks
1. The raw facts constitutes _____________.(Data)
2. An _____________ is a real world object about which information is to be stored in a
database. (Entity)
3. The output of a query may be displayed in the form of ________.(Report)
4. The data values for all the fields related to a person or object is called a _________.
(Record)
5. All the field values that are eligible to be the primary key are the ___________ keys for
that table. (Candidate)
6. A _________ refers to the type of data that will be stored in that particular field.(Data
Type)
7. The _____________ data is a combination of letters, numbers or special characters.(Text)
8. ________ data type can be used to store Aadhar number. (Text)
9. The __________ data type used to store digitized images.(Binary)
10. The shortcut key to save a table is _______________. (Ctrl+s)
11. ______________ on the Base Interface Window displays information about the type of
view of the object in the database. ( Task Pane)
12. A __________ icon appears before the field name indicating that it is a primary key.
(Key)
13. The data can be entered in a table only in __________ view. (Datasheet)
14. The black pointing arrow just before the field name in a table is called _______. (Record
Pointer)
15. The process of arranging the records in particular order on any filed is called ______.
(Sorting)
16. A table to be edited is displayed in _________ view.(Design)
17. The most important prerequisite for setting a relationship between the two tables is that
there must be a ________between them.(common field)
18. In ______ relationship, one specific record of a master table has one and only one
corresponding record in the transaction table.(one-to-0ne)
19.________ is one of the most common types of relationship between the tables in a
database. (One -to-many)
20. A record being entered in a _________ table must always exist in a ________ table.
(transaction, master)
21. The principle of _____ helps prevent missing data by keeping deleted data from getting
out of synch. ( referential Integrity)
22. Creating ____________ between tables restricts the user from entering invalid data in
the referenced fields. (relationship)
23. Data integrity is maintained by __________. (DBMS)
24. A relationship between customers and products is an example of _______________
relationship. (many to many)
25. The_______________ window is used to set relationships between the tables. ( 10)
26. A ____________ is a sort of question asked from a database. (Query)
27. The result of the query is displayed in ____________ form with field names in columns.
(Report)
28. A query can be created in ________ways. (Three)
28. The Query Design window is divided into __________ sections. (Two)
29. The shortcut key to run the query is ______________. (F5 )
30. The conditions to filter the records are set in the _________ row. ( Criterion)
31. When a table is selected in a Query wizard, the corresponding fields are displayed in
the__________________list box. ( Available fields)
32. The result of the query can be displayed in __________ or _____________ order of any
particular field of the table. ( ascending, descending)
33. At the most __________ search conditions can be given in the query wizard. ( three)
34. The last step of the Query wizard displays the entire ____________ of the query.
(Overview )
35. The _____________ view is a more flexible method to create a query. ( Design )
36. To edit any query, right click on the ________ icon of the query that has to be edited.
(Query )
37. In the _____________ row of the Query Design grid, we can type the column heading
that will be displayed instead of field name when we run the query. ( Alias)
38. A form can be used for _________ and __________. ( Enter, view data)
39. Each field control consists of a _____and ______. ( label, field value)
40. A ________________ is a piece of text that specifies the data that should be entered in
the field value text box. ( label )
41. By default the border of the field text value is displayed in _____. ( 3D)
42. A ____________ is a small piece of text that is displayed when the mouse pointer is
placed on a particular control on the form. ( tool tip )
43. The default orientation option for a report is ________. ( landscape )
44. A _________ is the manner in which the labels, field values, titles etc. will be displayed
in the report. ( Layout)
45. The option to insert date and time in the report is present in ______ menu. ( Insert)
46. A Report Wizard contains _____________ steps. ( Six)
47. A _______ type of report changes automatically as the field values in the base table or
query change. ( dynamic)
D. Answer the following questions
Q1. Define the terms
(a) Database
Ans: A database is a collection of logically related data items stored in an organised manner.
The information being stored in a database can be added, modified, deleted or displayed
according to the requirements of the user. The software that is used to create, update and
retrieve data is known as database management system (DBMS). It facilitates planning and
maintenance of the database for the user. Some of the common examples of DBMS are MS
Access, Open Office or LibreOffice Base, Oracle, Ingress, MySQL.
(b) Data redundancy
Ans: In the event of requiring the same data field in several tables the data field might get
repeated in number of tables. This is called as data redundancy. This can be reduced by
using DBMS tools.
(c) Report
Ans: The output of a query may be displayed in the form of reports. The usual result of the
query is in the form of rows and columns. But if we want the report to be formal and in
proper layout, then we can use the Reports feature of RDBMS.
2. Give one point of difference between
(a) Data and Information
Ans: Data: The raw facts constitutes data. The facts may be related to any person, place,
activity or things. It may be stored in the form of text, graphics, audio or video. This data
must be processed by any computing machine in a proper way to generate the useful and
meaningful information. The examples of data are marks scored by the students, weights,
prices, costs, numbers of items sold etc.
Information: Information is the processed or organized form of data. If data is not correct or
accurate, the information obtained by processing such data may not be correct. For
example, marks obtained by students and their roll numbers is the data, while the report
card/sheet is the information.
(b) Form and Query,
Form: A form is a feature of a database using which we can enter data in a table in an easy
and user friendly manner. A form consists of text boxes, labels, radio buttons, list boxes,
check boxes etc. that give a user friendly interface for entering data. The data entered
through the forms is stored in tables.
Queries – A query is used to retrieve the desired information from the database. In simple
terms, it is a question asked from the database. For example, if we want to view the names
of only those students who have scored more than 50 marks, then we post a query. The
data set matching the given criterion is retrieved from the table and displayed on the
screen.
(c) Network and hierarchical data model
Ans: Network Data Model: In this model, multiple records are linked to same master file. It
is also considered as an inverted tree where master is present in the bottom of the tree and
the branches contain information linked to the master.
Hierarchical Data Model: In this model the data is organized into a tree like structure. The
data is stored in the form of records. A record is a collection of fields and its data values.All
these records are linked to each other at various levels, thereby forming a hierarchy.
3. Give any four advantages of a DBMS.
Let us discuss some of the advantages of DBMS:
• Organised Storage – The data in the database is stored in an organised manner, so that
retrieval of the required data is fast and accurate.
• Data Analysis – A database helps in analysis of data based on certain criteria. It is easy to
find out maximum or minimum value, average or mean using a database.
• Data Sharing – If the same data set is required for different applications then the database
can be shared with other applications. Hence using a database means making once and
using it repeatedly for multiple applications
• Data Consistency – By minimising data redundancy, chances of inconsistent data being
stored is reduced. For example, it should not happen that the name of the student is
changed in one table and not in another. Such inconsistency is reduced by using a DBMS.
4. Consider the table given below and answer the questions that follow
Table: Library
Book_Id Book Name Author Name Price Publisher
F001 Pride and Prejudice Jane Austen 550 ABC
S004 Amazing Astronomy E. Shane 1050 ABC
C005 IT and Mankind MHA Diwaan 2500 HYM
(a) Name the fields in the given table.
Ans: The Fields are : Book_id , Book Name , Author Name , Price , Publisher
(b) Which field should be made the primary key?
Ans: Book_id should be made the primary key.
(c) Is there any alternate key in the table?
Ans: Since none of the other fields uniquely identify a book, there is no alternate key in this
table.
(d) How is primary key different from foreign key? Explain with example. Ans: Primary Key:A
primary key is a field (or a combination of fields) in a table that uniquely identifies each
record in that table.
Example: In the Library table, the Book_Id is a primary key. Every book has a unique
Book_Id, ensuring no two books share the same ID.

Example Table with Primary Key:

Book_Id Book Name Author Name Price Publisher

F001 Pride and Jane Austen 550 ABC

Prejudice

S004 Amazing E. Shane 1050 ABC

Astronomy

C005 IT and Diwaan 2500 HYM

Mankind

Foreign Key: A foreign key is a field (or a combination of fields) in one table that links to the
primary key in another table. It establishes a relationship between two tables.

Example Tables with Foreign Key:

Library Table (Primary Key: Book_Id)

Book_Id Book Name Author Name Price Publisher

F001 Pride and Jane Austen 550 ABC

Prejudice

S004 Amazing E. Shane 1050 ABC

Astronomy

C005 IT and Diwaan 2500 HYM

Mankind

Orders Table (Foreign Key: Book_Id)

Order_Id Book_I Customer_Name Quantity
d

O001 F001 Alice 2

O002 S004 Bob 1

O003 F001 Charlie 3

In this case, Book_Id in the Orders table is a foreign key that refers to the Book_Id in the
Library table. The foreign key ensures that each order refers to an existing book from the
Library table.

5. Differentiate between:
(a) Memo/Long Varchar and Varchar/Text data type
Ans: Memo Data Type: Stores up to the maximum length indicated by user. It is used to
store some descriptive data having more than 255 characters. Memo data type allows to
store text data up to 64,000 characters.
Varchar/Text data type : Stores up to the specified length. The number of bytes allocated
depends on the number of characters entered by the user. For example, the address is
defined as varchar (50), and if the address entered by the user is of 20 characters then only
20 bytes will be occupied in the database.

(b) Number and Decimal data type

Number/Numeric Data type: Numeric data types consists of numbers. The numbers can be
integer or real numbers on which any type of arithmetic calculations can be performed. For
example, 10, -34.8, 90.6789 , -86 are of numeric data type.
Decimal Data Type: The decimal data type is used in databases to store exact numeric
values with a fixed number of digits before and after the decimal point. It is commonly used
when precision is essential, such as for storing financial, monetary, or scientific data that
requires exact representation of decimal values.
(c) Design View and Datasheet view of a table
Design View of a table: Creating tables using Design View gives us more flexibility to do our
work. To create table using Design View, in main Database window, click on the option
Create Table in Design View in the Tasks Pane and Table Design Window will be opened .
DataSheet view of a table: It allows you to view, add, edit, and delete the records in a table.
This view is often used in database management systems (DBMS) like Microsoft Access,
where you can interact with the data without writing SQL queries.
6. Name the menu items present on the Base User Interface,
Ans: The Base User Interface refers to the graphical user interface (GUI) of LibreOffice Base,
which is a database management tool in the LibreOffice suite. It provides an interface to
create, manage, and manipulate databases.
The menu items are : File, Edit, View, Insert, Tools, Window, Help
7. How can we define a primary key in a table?
Ans: As you have learned that every table must have a primary key that uniquely identifies a
record in the table. To make a particular field as the primary key, place the mouse pointer
before the field name, say Event Id in our above example and right click. A pop up menu
appears. Select the Primary Key option from pop up menu. A key icon appears before the
field name indicating that it is a primary key.
8. Write steps to sort the table in descending order of primary key.
Ans: Data in a table can be arranged in ascending or descending order. This process of
arranging the records in particular order on any field is called sorting. Follow the following
steps to sort the table.
Step 1. Open the Event table in the datasheet view and select the field(Primary key ) on
which you want to sort.
Step 2. From the toolbar click the Sort Descending icon if the table has to be sorted in
descending order of selected field.
Step 3. The table will be sorted in the descending order of points
9. What is the use of navigation box with respect to tables in a database?
Ans: The black pointing arrow ( )just before the field name is the record pointer. To navigate
through various records of the table, we use the navigation box present at the bottom of the
datasheet window It indicates a current record of the table at any given time.
The various components of Navigation Box are as follows:
•Record Selector Box – This is the text box where the currently active record number is
displayed. We may enter the record number that we want to see in this text box.
•Navigation Buttons – These are used to scroll vertically in the table.

10. Give any two advantages of relating a table in a database.

Ans: Data Integrity: By relating tables, you can enforce referential integrity, ensuring that
relationships between tables are consistent. For example, if you relate a customer table to
an orders table, a customer can't be deleted if there are existing orders associated with
them. This prevents data anomalies, such as orphaned records or inconsistencies, helping
maintain the accuracy and reliability of the database.
Efficient Data Retrieval: Relating tables through keys (primary and foreign) allows for more
efficient querying. You can easily join multiple tables to retrieve related information in a
single query, saving time and reducing redundancy. For example, joining a product table
with an order table can provide a comprehensive view of which products were ordered by
which customers, without duplicating product details for each order.
11. How is redundancy or inconsistency controlled in a database? Explain with an
example.
Ans: Minimal Data Redundancy – In the event of requiring the same data field in several
tables the data field might get repeated in number of tables. This is called as data
redundancy. This can be reduced by using DBMS tools.
• Data Consistency – By minimising data redundancy, chances of inconsistent data being
stored is reduced. For example, it should not happen that the name of the student is
changed in one table and not in another. Such inconsistency is reduced by using a DBMS.
Let us consider a situation where, for example, Murugan looks after the data management
of ABC School. There are two tables in his database– Admission table and Library table.
‘Ram Lal Kumar’ wants to change his name to ‘Ram Kumar’ has recently shifted his house.
So, he hands over the application for the same to Murugan. In the absence of a DBMS,
Murugan has to change the name of the student separately in the admission table and also
in the library table. But as we can set a relation between the two tables using a DBMS, any
change in one table is automatically reflected in all the related tables. There is no need to
add another record with the changed name. The same record will be updated. Hence, this
reduces the chances of data redundancy and inconsistency.
12. Define referential integrity. Who maintains referential integrity in a database?
Ans: According to the principle of referential integrity, no unmatched foreign key values
should exist in the database.
LibreOffice Base gives us following four options to choose from to maintain referential
integrity in such cases.
• No action – This is the default option. This option states that a user should not be allowed
to update or delete any record in the master table if any related record exists in the
transaction table.
•Update cascade – This option allows the user to delete or update the referenced field but
along with it all the related records in any of the transaction tables will also be deleted or
updated.
• Set NULL – This option assigns NULL value to all the related fields if the master record is
deleted or updated.
• Set default – This option assigns any fixed default value to all the related fields if the
master record is deleted or updated.

13. Differentiate between one to one relationship and one to many relationship. Give
suitable examples to explain your answer.
Ans: The most important prerequisite for setting a relationship is that there must be a
common field(s) between the two tables to create a relationship.
One-to-One relationship: In this type of relationship, one specific record of a master table
has one and only one corresponding record in the transaction table.
For example, the record for Admission_No in the master table (Student_Detail) will have
only one corresponding record of same value of Admission No in the transaction table of
Student_ Result. This is because no two students will be given same admission number.
One to Many Relationship: This is one of the most common types of relationship between
the tables in a database. As the name says, in this type of relationship, one specific record of
the master table has more than one corresponding records in the related transaction table.
For example, one teacher can teach multiple students or multiple classes, or one person can
sell multiple products. So we can say that there is a one to may relationship between a
teacher and class or teacher and student or seller and products
14. Explain many to many relationship with an example.
Ans: Many-to-Many relationship In this type of relationship, there will be multiple records
in the master table that correspond to multiple records in the transaction table as well.
Generally this type of relationship is set when certain records have to be saved more than
once in both the related tables. For example, a teacher in a school may hold multiple
responsibilities such as class teacher, an activity incharge or examination in-charge. For each
responsibility the teacher might be attached with multiple students. So this type of
relationship will be many to many relationship. Similarly a shopkeeper may sell multiple
products to multiple customers. So many-to-many relationship exists between a product
and a customer.
15. Define a query? What is the need of creating a query in a database?
Ans: A query is one of the most important feature of any DBMS. Using a query, we can
retrieve and display data from one or more tables in a database.
This is done by giving specific search criteria to the DBMS so that we are able to view the
exact information that we want. LibreOffice Base allows us to create a query and even save
it as an object in a database. This helps us to run the query multiple times as and when
required. Using a query, we can specify the fields that we want to display and also the
criterion based on which the records to be filtered.
16. Rearrange the steps given below so as to create a query using a wizard.
Ans: i. Select the field ii. Give Alias iii. Set the sorting order iv. Set the criterion v. Table
name
17. What all information is seen in the overview (last step) of the Query wizard?
Ans: The last step of the Query wizard displays the entire overview of the query.
It includes the following:
•Name of the Query – By default, the name of the query is Query_Events by default. If
desired, type the new name in the text box.
•The action to be performed after the wizard finishes– By default Display Query option will
be selected. Click and select the Modify Query radio button if the query has to be edited in
the Design view.
• Complete detail of the query – This section contains a summary about the query that has
been created.
18. What is the use of Alias row in the Design grid of the Query Design window?
Ans: The field name along with the table name is displayed in the Design grid present in the
lower half of the Query Design window.In the grid, there is a row titled Alias. As mentioned
before, it can be used to display meaningful names in the output.
For example, instead of Winner, we would just like to display Winner Name. For this, type
Winner Name in the Alias text box under Winner column.
19. Name any four mathematical functions that can be applied to numerical data in a
query.
Ans: Till now, we have been displaying data from tables in the query. But that is not all, we
can even use certain mathematical functions to find the count, sum, minimum, maximum or
average of data values.
Let us design a query to display the average points for each category of events. In the
Database Window, click Create Query in Design View… button to open the Query Design
Window. Add Events and EventsCategory tables. Thereafter follow the following steps to
display the average points for each category.
Step 1. Add Category Name field from EventCategory table and Points field from Events
table. Step 2. Under the Category Name field, in the Function row, click the down arrow. A
drop down list will be displayed
Step 3. Select Group option from the drop down list. This option forms the groups for each
of the data values in the column of Category Name.
Step 4. Similarly, under the Points column, select the Average function from the drop down
list.
Step 5. Press F5 to run the query. The query result depicting average points in all the
categories
20. Name the three ways of creating a query in LibreOffice Base?
Ans: A query can be created in three ways. In this chapter you will learn the first two
methods to create a query. (i) Using a Wizard (ii) In Design View (iii) In SQL view
21. Give one difference between a form and a report.
Ans: Forms: A form is an object of the database that has a user friendly interface where data
can be entered and seen in an attractive and easy-to-read format. For any database, it is the
front end for data entry and data modification. It displays the data in a layout design by us
and not just in a simple row and column format.
There are two ways to create a form: • Using a wizard • Using the Design View
Report:A report is another useful feature of a database management system. We have seen
that the records that have been extracted using a query are displayed in a simple row and
column format. Instead, using a report we can present the retrieved data in an attractive
and customized manner. We can create a report based on a table or a query or both.
Preferably, if a report has to be generated from multiple tables, a query should be created
first and then that query can be used to generate the report.
 Let us create a report using the table Events from the Sports Day database. Follow the
following steps to create a report.
Step 1. In the LibreOffice Base User Interface, click on the Reports icon in the
Database Pane.
Step 2. From the Tasks Pane, click Use Wizard to Create Report… option. Step 3. The Report
wizard along with two other windows will be displayed. One of the window is Report Builder
window and the other is Add Field dialog box.
22.A health clinic is developing a patient management system to streamline patient
intake, appointments, and medical records. They need to implement forms for various
purposes, including new patient registration, appointment scheduling, and updating
medical histories.
a) What is the use of form in DBMS?
b) What are the different ways to create forms in DBMS?
c) Where can we find various tools to add or edit controls on the form?
d) What is the use of the Records Toolbar in a form?
Ans: a) A form is an object of the database that has a user friendly interface where data can
be entered and seen in an attractive and easy-to-read format. For any database, it is the
front end for data entry and data modification. It displays the data in a layout design by us
and not just in a simple row and column format.
b) There are two ways to create a form: • Using a wizard • Using the Design View
c ) The forms control toolbar contains various tools to add or edit controls on the form.It is
possible to modify the form in any manner once it is created. The modification can be to
change the background color, font size and color of the text or even positioning of various
controls in the form.
d ) The Records toolbar contains the navigation control buttons in the extreme left. we can
traverse and view the records in the file. As we move from one record to another, the
record number in the record text boxes changes.This shows the navigation control buttons,
there are commands to add a new record, save a record, delete a record and so on.
28. What is a field control with respect to forms?
Ans: Primarily, a form contains field controls arranged in a presentable and user
friendly manner. Each field control consists of a label and the field value text box. A label is
a piece of text that specifies the data that should be entered in the field value text box. A
field value text box is linked to the respective field in the table. We may add all or selected
fields from the table on the form. In addition to field controls, it may contain some
additional text like titles, headings and names, graphics like logos, list boxes and radio
buttons.
29. Which tool on the Forms Record toolbar is used to insert text on the form?
Ans: Text Box
30. Your cousin runs a small bookstore and wants to maintain an inventory of books. He
needs to record information such as book titles, authors, ISBNs, publication dates, prices,
and stock levels. However, he is not familiar with database management systems. Explain
the following concepts to help him understand DBMS:
a) What is DBMS?
Ans: The software that is used to create, update and retrieve data is known as database
management system (DBMS). It facilitates planning and maintenance of the database for
the user.
b) What are the advantages of using DBMS?
Ans: • Organised Storage • Data Analysis • Data Sharing • Data Consistency
c) Name any two database programs that can be used to create a table and store the data
according to his requirements.
Ans: i. Ms-Access ii. LibreOffice Base iii. OpenOffice Base

d) Which field can be set as a Primary Key?

Ans: Book_id
30. Name the two ways to create a form in LibreOffice Base.
Ans: There are two ways to create a form in LibreOffice Base.
i. Using a Wizard ii. Using the Design View
31. What is the difference between a static and a dynamic report?
Ans:
Static Report Dynamic Report

This report does not change. This report changes when ever there is a
change in the value of table or query.

This is not by default selected. This is by default selected.

If you don’t want automatic updation of the That means as the field values in the base
report, choose the Static option. table or query change, the report will also
change automatically
32. Write the function of Forms Controls toolbar and Records toolbar.
Ans: The forms control toolbar contains various tools to add or edit controls on the form.It
is possible to modify the form in any manner once it is created. The modification can be to
change the background color, font size and color of the text or even positioning of various
controls in the form.
The Records toolbar contains the navigation control buttons in the extreme left. we can
traverse and view the records in the file. As we move from one record to another, the
record number in the record text boxes changes.This shows the navigation control buttons,
there are commands to add a new record, save a record, delete a record and so on.
33. Consider the following table: Sales
Sale_Id Prod_Name Price Discount
1101 Laptop 65000 2500
1103 Pen tab 29500 1000
1105 Desktop 50000 1550
1106 Printer 12000 2000

1. How many fields and records are there in Sales table?

2. Write SQL commands for the following:
i. Display Sales ID and price of all products whose discount is more than 1000.
ii. Display the details alphabetically by product name.
iii. Display product name and sales price after deducting the discount from the price. Note:
Sales price can be calculated as (price-discount)
Ans: 1. Four fields and four records are there in table Sales
2. I. select Sale_Id, Price from Sales where Discount > 1000;
ii. select * from Sales order by Prod_Name;
iii. select Prod_Name, Price- Discount from Sales;