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Introduction to Digital Design
UNIT 1: Introduction to Digital Design
Computer Science Department: University of the People
CS 1105-01 - AY2025-T2
Altaf Din
November 21, 2024.
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Introduction to Digital Design
Designing a Smart Home Security System with Combinational Circuits
System Overview
The proposed electronic security system will utilize a combination of logic gates,
multiplexers, decoders, and encoders to control access to different rooms. The system will
authenticate users through a keypad or a keycard reader. If the input code or keycard is valid,
the system will grant access to the specified room.
1. Design for the electronic system with logic gates, multiplexers, demultiplexers,
encoders and decoders.
Component Breakdown and Functionality
1. Keypad Input:
A keypad or a key card will be used to input the access code or signal .
2. Encoder :
The encoder will convert user inputs on the keypad into digital signals
as a Binary code.
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Introduction to Digital Design
3. Logic Gates
The encoded binary input is run through an AND gate as input A and
matched to input B stored on the system to determine that the signal
matches the preset signal in the system before access is granted.
4. Decoder :
If the codes match the system code, an output signal is sent to the
decoder which converts the output signal from the logic gate into the
appropriate signal for the system.
5. Multiplexor receives the output signal from the Decoder and determines which
access level to use, for example access level A sends a 0 signal to multiplexor Select
line which opens input A and access level 2 sends 1 which opens input B.
6. Demultiplexer: this is integrated to handle access control to multiple rooms; i.e a 1:2
Demultiplexer receives the signal from the 2:1 Multiplexor and directs it to Output 1
which opens Door1 or directs it to output 2 which opens Door2.
Each output will correspond to a particular room in the house.
The activated output will trigger the door lock mechanism for the corresponding
room.
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Introduction to Digital Design
Demultiplexer gets the Output signals from the Mux & changes them to the unique
form at the end of the receiver. (Elprocus, 2013)
System Integration
1. User Input: The user enters a code on the keypad or swipes a keycard.
2. Input Selection: The multiplexer selects the appropriate input based on the user's
choice.
3. Code/ID Verification: The decoder decodes the input and activates the
corresponding output.
4. Door Lock Activation: The activated output triggers the door lock mechanism for the
specified room.
Enhancing the Design with a Demultiplexer
To handle multiple rooms efficiently, a demultiplexer can be integrated into the system. The
demultiplexer will take a single input (the activated output from the decoder) and distribute it
to multiple outputs, each corresponding to a specific room. This allows for more control over
access to different rooms, even if they share the same access code or keycard.
By combining these components, we can create a robust and flexible security system for a
smart home. This design can be further customized to include additional features such as
time-based access, alarm systems, and remote monitoring.
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Introduction to Digital Design
Reference:
Elprocus (2013). Multiplexer and Demultiplexer : Types and Their Differences Retrived
from: [Link]
differences/#
