Script for Detailed Lesson Plan
Preliminary Activities
Teacher: Good morning, class! (smiling warmly) How is everyone feeling today?
Students: Good morning, teacher! We’re good!
Teacher: That’s great to hear. Let’s begin with the attendance. Please respond “Present”
when your name is called.
*(Teacher checks attendance.)*
Teacher: Now, let’s have a quick review. Can someone remind the class what verb tenses
are?
Student 1: Verb tenses show when the action happens.
Teacher: Excellent! Today, we will focus on the past tense and the past perfect tense.
Teacher: Before we start, let’s go over our house rules:
1. Raise your hand before speaking.
2. Listen carefully to your classmates and to me.
3. Always try your best.
Can we all agree to these?
Students: Yes, teacher!
Teacher: Good! Let’s also set our objectives. By the end of the lesson, you will:
1. Identify the structure and function of the past and past perfect tenses.
2. Differentiate between the two tenses.
3. Construct meaningful sentences using these tenses.
You’ll also practice thinking critically and communicating ideas clearly.
Teacher: Today’s topic is about the past and past perfect tenses. These tenses will help you
describe the sequence of past events accurately.
Developmental Activities
1. Pre-assessment
Teacher: Let’s start with two sentences:
1. "I finished my homework last night."
2. "I had finished my homework before my sister arrived."
What verbs do you see in these sentences?
Student 1: Finished and had finished.
Teacher: Great! What tense is the first sentence?
Student 2: Past tense.
Teacher: Correct! How about the second one?
Student 3: Past perfect tense.
Teacher: Perfect! Let’s explore why and how we use these tenses.
2. Motivation
Teacher: Imagine you’re making a timeline. For example:
- At 8:00 AM, I woke up.
- By 8:30 AM, I had eaten breakfast.
Why do you think we use different tenses here?
Student 1: To show which happened first.
Teacher: Exactly! The past tense shows a specific past action, while the past perfect shows
what was already completed before another past action.
3. Activity
Teacher: Let’s look at this chart. (Points to a visual aid.)
- Past Tense: Verb (base + -ed) or irregular verb.
Example: "She walked to school yesterday."
- Past Perfect Tense: Had + past participle.
Example: "She had walked to school before it started raining."
Now, complete these sentences:
1. By the time the teacher arrived, the students ____ (start) their activity.
2. The cat ____ (eat) its food before the dog came in.
Students:
1. Had started.
2. Had eaten.
Teacher: Great work!
4. Analysis
Teacher: Why do we use "had" in the past perfect tense?
Student 1: To show that the action happened before another action in the past.
Teacher: Exactly! The past perfect emphasizes which action came first.
5. Abstraction
Teacher: Complete these sentence starters:
1. By the time the teacher arrived, ____.
2. I ____ before I realized my mistake.
Students:
1. By the time the teacher arrived, we had already started cleaning the room.
2. I had written my essay before I realized my mistake.
Teacher: Excellent! You clearly understand how to use these tenses.
6. Application
Teacher: Let’s do the Timeline Challenge! Write two sentences about your weekend:
- One in the past tense.
- One in the past perfect tense.
Students:
1. We visited the park on Sunday. (Past)
2. We had prepared snacks before leaving the house. (Past Perfect)
Teacher: Well done! Your sentences are clear and correct.
Evaluation
Teacher: To wrap up, write two sentences:
1. One in the past tense.
2. One in the past perfect tense.
(Students write and submit their answers for checking.)
Assignment
Teacher: For homework, write a short story (5–7 sentences) about your favorite day. Use at
least two past tense verbs and two past perfect tense verbs.
Students: Yes, teacher!
Teacher: Great work today! See you tomorrow.
