LONG-TERM

INTERNSHIP
(Virtual)

ANDHRA PRADESH
STATE COUNCIL OF HIGHER EDUCATION
(A STATUTORY BODY OF GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH)
 PROGRAM BOOK FOR

LONG-TERM INTERNSHIP
(Virtual)

Kana Madhumitha

Vignan’s Lara Institute of Technology & Science

20FE1A0475

01/01/2024 29/04/2024

Cisco Networking Academy,

Corporate Affairs,
Cisco Systems India Pvt Ltd.
 An Internship Report on
Programming

Submitted in accordance with the requirement for the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
in
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
by

KANA MADHUMITHA (20FE1A0475)

Under the Faculty Guidance of

DR. SK. NANNU SAHEB, M. Tech, Ph. D.,

Assistant Professor

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION & ENGINEERING

 STUDENT’S DECLARATION

I, Kana Madhumitha a student of Bachelor of Technology, Reg. No. 20FE1A0475 of the

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Vignan’s Lara Institute of
Technology & Science, do here by declare that I have completed the mandatory internship
in Programming from 01/01/2024 to 29/04/2024 under the Guidance of Dr. Sk. Nannu
Saheb, Assistant Professor of Department of Electronics and Communication
Engineering, Vignan’s Lara Institute of Technology & Science.

(Student Signature and Date)

Faculty Guide
Mr. Sk. Nannu Saheb

Head of the Department

Dr. B. Harish

Principal

Dr. K. Phaneendra Kumar

4
 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION & ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this Internship report in Programming is a bonafide record of work carried
out by KANA MADHUMITHA (20FE1A0475) under the guidance and supervision of Dr.
Sk. NANNU SAHEB in practical fulfillment of the academic requirement in Bachelor of
Technology in ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING of
VIGNAN’S LARA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE during the year 2023-
2024.

Faculty Guide Head of the Department

Dr. Sk. Nannu Saheb, M. Tech, Ph.D., Dr. B. Harish, M. Tech, Ph.D.,

Assistant Professor Professor

EXTERNAL EXAMINER
Certificate from Intern Organization

5
 Acknowledgments

The satisfaction that accompanies the successful completion of any task would be
incomplete without the mention of people whose ceaseless cooperation made it possible,
whose constant guidance and encouragement crown all efforts with success.

We are grateful to Dr. Sk. Nannu Saheb, M.Tech, Ph.D., Assistant Professor,
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering for guiding through this
internship and for encouraging right from the beginning of the internship till successful
completion of the Internship. Every interaction with her was an inspiration.

We thank Dr. B. Harish, M.Tech, Ph.D., Professor & HOD, Department of Electronics
and Communication Engineering for his support and valuable suggestions.

We also express our thanks to Dr. K. PHANEENDRA KUMAR, Principal, Vignan’s

Lara Institute of Technology & Science for providing the resources to carry out the
Internship.

We also express our sincere thanks to our beloved Chairman Dr. LAVU RATHAIAH for
providing support and stimulating the environment for developing the Internship.

We also place our floral gratitude to all other teaching and lab technicians for their
constant support and advice throughout the Internship.

6
 CONTENTS

1 Student Declaration

2 Certificate from Intern Organization

3 Acknowledgments

4 Overview of the Organization

5 Programming Essentials in Python

6 JavaScript Essentials 1

7 JavaScript Essentials 2

7
 OVERVIEW OF THE ORGANIZATION

Cisco Systems, Inc. is a multinational technology headquartered in San Jose, California,

USA. Founded in 1984 by Leonard Bosack and Sandy Lerner, Cisco has grown into one of the
world's largest and most influential networking hardware, software, and services companies.
Cisco's vision centers around enabling the seamless connectivity of people, devices, applications,
and data to drive innovation, productivity, and sustainable growth. The company aims to be the
global leader in networking solutions, empowering individuals, businesses, and communities to
thrive in a digitally connected world.

Vision:
Cisco Systems, Inc. envisions a digitally connected world where people, devices,
applications, and data seamlessly interact to drive innovation, productivity, and sustainable
growth. As a global leader in networking solutions, Cisco is committed to empowering
individuals, businesses, and communities to thrive in this interconnected landscape. The
company's vision encompasses a future where connectivity is ubiquitous, reliable, and secure,
fostering collaboration, creativity, and prosperity across all sectors of
society.

Team and Infrastructure:

With tens of thousands of employees worldwide, Cisco attracts top talent from a variety
of disciplines, including engineering, software development, marketing, and customer support.
Cisco's team is driven by a passion for technology and to solving complex challenges, working
together to deliver innovative networking solutions. Cisco's infrastructure spans the globe,
comprising a comprehensive network of research and development facilities, manufacturing
plants, sales offices, data centers, and service centers. With a presence in over 100 countries,
Cisco operates on a truly global scale, serving customers across a wide range of industries,
including telecommunications, finance, healthcare, education, government, and more. The
company's infrastructure is designed to deliver high-performance networking solutions that are
reliable, scalable, and secure.

8
 CHAPTER 1: PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS IN PYTHON

Python is a computer programming language often used to build websites and software,
automate tasks, and analyze data. Python is a general-purpose language, not specialized for any
specific problems, and used to create various programs. This versatility and its beginner-friendliness
have made it one of the most used programming languages today. In 2020, more than one-third of
Indian IT professionals said Python was their preferred programming language. It continues to top
lists of the most desired programming languages in the country.

Python has become one of the most popular programming languages in recent years. It's been
used in everything from machine learning to building websites and software testing. Developers
and non-developers alike find it useful.

Python is commonly used for developing websites and software, task automation, data analysis,
and data visualization. Since it’s relatively easy to learn, Python has been adopted by many non-
programmers, such as accountants and scientists, for a variety of everyday tasks, like organizing
finances.

What can you do with Python? Some things include:

• Data analysis and machine learning
• Web development
• Automation or scripting
• Software testing and prototyping

9
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE FIRST WEEK

Day Person In-

& Brief description of the daily Charge
Learning Outcome
Activity
Date Signature

How a computer
Day– 1 Computer Programming program works

Day- 2 Natural languages vs. programming About natural and

languages programming languages

Day– 3 Programming Language Elements of

programming language

Day– 4 Compilation vs. Interpretation Advantages and

disadvantages of both
compilation and
interpretation

Day– 5 Python Importance of Python

Day–6 Python Program How to write and run a

program

10
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 1 (From Dt ………..….. to Dt .................... )

Objective of Activity Done:

• Introduction to Python and computer programming.
• Understanding the fundamentals of computer programming.
• Exposure to the core concepts of computer computing.

Detailed Report:

Python is a widely used, interpreted, object-oriented, and high-level programming language

with dynamic semantics, used for general-purpose programming. And while you may know the
python as a large snake, the name of the Python programming language comes from an old BBC
television comedy sketch series called Monty Python's Flying Circus.

Here are some key components and concepts:

• Natural language vs. Programming language: Natural languages are spoken by
people, while programming languages are intended for machines.

• What makes a language: Each language consists of the elements like alphabet, lexis,
syntax and semantics.

• Source code and Source file: A program written in a high-level programming language
is called a source code (in contrast to the machine code executed by computers). Similarly,
the file containing the source code is called the source file.

• Compilation vs. Interpretation: The process of translating source code written in a high-
level programming language into a lower-level language, such as machine code, that can
be executed by a computer is called compilation. An interpreter reads a program line by
line, reading every expression, and gives output if the program is correct. It stops/gives
an error when it encounters the first mistake in any line of code. This process is
interpretation.

• There is more than one Python: There are two main kinds of Python, called Python 2
and Python 3. Python 2 is an older version of the original Python. Its development has
since been intentionally stalled, although that doesn't mean that there are no updates to it.
Python 3 is the newer (to be precise, the current) version of the language. It's going
through its evolution path, creating its standards and habits.

11
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE SECOND WEEK

Day Person In-

& Brief description of the daily Charge
Learning Outcome
Activity
Date Signature

Day– 1 Print() function How to use the print()

function

Day- 2 Variables and Data Types Learnt about variables

and various data types

Day– 3 Operators and operations How to perform different

operations using operators

Types of Decision-
Day- 4 Decision-making statements making statements

Day– 5 Loops Usage of different Loops

Day–6 How to sort a list using

Bubble sort algorithm
bubble-sort algorithms

12
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 2 (From Dt………..….. to Dt ..................... )

Objective of Activity Done:

• How to write and run simple Python programs
• Understanding the concepts of data types, variables and basic operations.
• How to perform basic input and output operations.

Detailed Report:

Python variables are like containers used to store data of various data types. Data types are the
classification or categorization of data items. It represents the kind of value that tells what operations
can be performed on a particular data. Since everything is an object in Python programming, Python
datatypes are classes and variables are instances (objects) of these classes.

Here are some key components and concepts:

• Print() function: The print() function prints the specified message to the screen, or other
standard output device. The message can be a string, or any other object, the object will be
converted into a string before written to the screen.

• Literals: Literals are notations for representing some fixed values in code. Python has
various types of literals - for example, a literal can be a number (numeric literals, e.g., 123),
or a string (string literals, e.g., "I am a literal.").

• Data Type: Python Data Types are used to define the type of a variable. It defines what
type of data we are going to store in a variable. The following are the standard or built-in
data types in Python: Numeric (Integer, Complex Number, Float), Sequence Type (Strings,
List, Tuple), Boolean, Set, Dictionary.

• Python Operators: Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values.

• Decision making statements: It allows us to run a particular block of code for a particular
decision. We have if statement, if else statement and nested if statement.

• Loops: We can run a single statement or set of statements repeatedly using a loop
command. It has 2 types of loops. They are for loop and while loop.

• Bubble Sort: Bubble Sort is a simple sorting algorithm that repeatedly steps through the
list, compares adjacent elements, and swaps them if they are in the wrong order.

13
 ACTIVITYLOG FOR THE THIRD WEEK

Day Person
In-
& Brief description of the daily Learning Outcome Charge
Activity
Date Signature

Day– 1 Function and it’s types Importance of Function and

different types of functions

How scope works in

Day- 2 Functions and scope
functions

Day– 3 Exceptions Introduction about errors

and exceptions

Day– 4 The try-except block Better understanding of

handling errors

Day– 5 Modules and importing a How to make use of a

module module and importing a
module

Day–6 Standard modules Working with standard

modules

14
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 3 (From Dt………..….. to Dt..................... )

Objective of Activity Done:

• Code structuring and the concepts of function, Name scopes and variable shadowing.
• Exceptions – the try statement and the except clause, Python built-in exceptions, code
testing and debugging.
• Importing and using Python modules.

Detailed Report:

• Function: A function is a block of code that performs a specific task when the function is
called (invoked). You can use functions to make your code reusable, better organized, and
more readable. Functions can have parameters and return values.
• Types of Functions: The following are the different types of Python Functions:

1. Python Built-in Functions.

2. Python Recursion Functions.
3. Python Lambda Functions.
4. Python User-defined Functions.
• Return: We can use the return keyword to tell a function to return some value. The return
statement exits the function.
• Recursion and Recursive function: A function can call other functions or even itself.
When a function calls itself, this situation is known as recursion, and the function which
calls itself and contains a specified termination condition (i.e., the base case - a condition
which doesn't tell the function to make any further calls to that function) is called a
recursive function.
• Exception: An exception is an unexpected behavior (wrong or not) that occurs during
software execution. Some of the common exceptions are: ZeroDivisionError, ValueError,
TypeError, AttributeError, SyntaxError.
• Try and Except Statement – Catching Exceptions: Try and except statements are used
to catch and handle exceptions in Python. Statements that can raise exceptions are kept
inside the try clause and the statements that handle the exception are written inside except
clause.
• Module: Consider a module to be the same as a code library. A file containing a set of
functions you want to include in your application.
• Standard Modules: Some of the standard modules are math module, random module,
platform module.

15
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE FORTH WEEK

Day Person In-

& Brief description of the daily Charge
Learning Outcome
Activity
Date Signature

Day– 1 Package Introduction to Package

Day– 2 PIP PIP installation and usage

Day– 3 Strings and list methods Using string and list

methods

Day– 4 Object Oriented Programming Introduction to OOPs

concept

Day– 5 Basic OOPs concepts Brief understanding of

OOPs concepts

File Handling How to process files

Day–6

16
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 4 (From Dt………..….. to Dt..................... )

Objective of Activity Done:

• Using Python Packages.
• Basic concepts of object-oriented programming (OOP)
• File Handling in Python

Detailed Report:

• Packages: Python Packages are a way to organize and structure your Python code into reusable
components. Think of it like a folder that contains related Python files (modules) that work
together to provide certain functionality.

• PIP: PIP is the package manager for Python packages. We can use PIP to install packages that do
not come with Python.

• Strings: A String is a data structure in Python Programming that represents a sequence of

characters. It is an immutable data type, meaning that once you have created a string, you
cannot change it.

• Object Oriented Programming: The main concept of object-oriented Programming (OOPs) or

oops concepts in Python is to bind the data and the functions that work together as a single unit
so that no other part of the code can access this data. Basic concepts of object-oriented
programming (OOP) are Class, Objects, Polymorphism, Encapsulation, Inheritance, Data
Abstraction.

• Stack: A stack is an object designed to store data using the LIFO model. The stack usually
performs at least two operations, named push() and pop().

• Lambda Function: A lambda function is a small anonymous function and it is a function that can
take any number of arguments, but can only have one expression.

• Generator: A Python generator is a piece of specialized code able to produce a series of values,
and to control the iteration process.

• File handling in Python: It is a powerful and versatile tool that can be used to perform a wide
range of operations. Python supports file handling and allows users to handle files i.e., to read
and write files, along with many other file handling options, to operate on files.

17
PROGRAMMING ESSENTIALS IN PYTHON CERTIFICATE

18
 CHAPTER 2: JAVASCRIPT ESSENTIALS 1

JavaScript is a lightweight, cross-platform, single-threaded, and interpreted compiled

programming language. It is also known as the scripting language for web pages. It is well-known
for the development of web pages, and many non-browser environments also use it. JavaScript is a
weakly typed language (dynamically typed). JavaScript can be used for Client-side developments
as well as Server-side developments. JavaScript is both an imperative and declarative type of
language. JavaScript contains a standard library of objects, like Array, Date, and Math, and a core
set of language elements like operators, control structures, and statements.

Client-side: It supplies objects to control a browser and its Document Object Model (DOM).
Like if client-side extensions allow an application to place elements on an HTML form and
respond to user events such as mouse clicks, form input, and page navigation. Useful libraries
for the client side are AngularJS, ReactJS, VueJS, and so many others.

Server-side: It supplies objects relevant to running JavaScript on a server. For if the server-side
extensions allow an application to communicate with a database, and provide continuity of
information from one invocation to another of the application, or perform file manipulations on a
server. The useful framework which is the most famous these days is node.js.

Advantages of JavaScript:
• JavaScript is the world's most popular programming language.
• JavaScript is the programming language of the Web.
• JavaScript is easy to learn.

Why Study JavaScript?

JavaScript is one of the 3 languages all web developers must learn:
• HTML to define the content of web pages
• CSS to specify the layout of web pages
• JavaScript to program the behavior of web pages

19
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE FIFTH WEEK

Day Person In-

& Brief description ofthe daily Charge
Learning Outcome
Activity
Date Signature

Day– 1 Introduction to JavaScript and Understanding

Computer Programming JavaScript

Day- 2 JavaScript as an interpreted Identifying different

language Instances.

Day– 3 Client-side vs server-side Understanding client and

programming server-side environment

Day– 4 Setting up Programming processes of launching

Environment JavaScript program

Day– 5 First JavaScript Program Writing JavaScript

Program

Day–6 Variables in JavaScript Understanding Variables

in JavaScript

20
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 5 (From Dt………..….. to Dt .................. )

Objective of Activity Done:

• Introduction to JavaScript and Computer Programming.
• Understanding JavaScript as an interpreted language.
• Differentiating client-side vs server-side programming environments.
• Setting up the programming environment for JavaScript.
• Writing the first JavaScript program.
• Understanding variables in JavaScript.

Detailed Report:
JavaScript serves as a cornerstone in modern web development, enabling dynamic
and interactive web pages. In Week 5, the focus was on introducing JavaScript and computer
programming fundamentals. Here's a breakdown of the week's activities:

• Introduction to JavaScript: The week commenced with an overview of JavaScript,

emphasizing its role in web development and its syntax.
• JavaScript as an Interpreted Language: Participants delved deeper into JavaScript,
exploring its nature as an interpreted language and recognizing various instances where
JavaScript is utilized.
• Client-side vs Server-side Programming: A crucial aspect of web development, the
distinction between client-side and server-side programming was elucidated, highlighting
their respective environments and functionalities.
• Setting up Programming Environment: Practical aspects were covered on Day 4,
guiding participants through the processes of setting up the programming environment for
JavaScript, ensuring seamless execution of JavaScript programs.
• First JavaScript Program: Hands-on experience was gained as participants wrote their
inaugural JavaScript program, solidifying their understanding of basic syntax and
program structure.
• Variables in JavaScript: The week concluded with an exploration of variables in
JavaScript, including their declaration, assignment, and usage, laying a foundation for
more complex programming concepts.

JavaScript, with its versatility and ubiquity, continues to be a vital skill for web developers.
The activities of Week 5 provided participants with a solid footing in JavaScript
programming, paving the way for further exploration and mastery in the field.

21
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE SIXTH WEEK

Day Person In-

& Brief description of the daily Charge
Learning Outcome
Activity
Date Signature

Data Types in JavaScript Knowing about the data

Day– 1
types in JavaScript

Day- 2 Type Casting in JavaScript How to Type caste

variables

Day– 3 Comments in JavaScript Different types of

comments in JavaScript

Arithmetic, Unary,
Day– 4 Assignment, arithmetic, and logical Logical, Compound
operators Assignment Operators

Day– 5 String, comparison, and other JS String, Comparison, Other

operators operators and Precedence

Day–6 Interacting with user User Interaction,

Dialog box

22
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 6 (From Dt………..….. to Dt .................... )

Objective of Activity Done:

• Understanding various data types in JavaScript.
• Learning about type casting in JavaScript.
• Exploring different types of comments in JavaScript.
• Familiarizing with assignment, arithmetic, and logical operators in JavaScript.
• Studying string, comparison, and other operators in JavaScript.
• Interacting with users through dialog boxes in JavaScript.

Detailed Report:
Week 6 was dedicated to exploring the fundamental concepts and functionalities of JavaScript.
Here's a breakdown of the week's activities:
• Data Types in JavaScript: Participants began the week by delving into the various data
types supported by JavaScript, including numbers, strings, booleans, null, undefined, and
objects.

• Type Casting in JavaScript: The focus shifted to type casting in JavaScript, where
participants learned techniques for converting variables from one data type to another,
ensuring compatibility and seamless data manipulation.

• Comments in JavaScript: Participants were introduced to the importance of comments in

code readability and maintenance, exploring different types of comments in JavaScript such as
single-line, multi-line, and documentation comments.

• Operators in JavaScript: A comprehensive overview of assignment, arithmetic, and logical

operators in JavaScript was provided, covering arithmetic operations, unary operators, logical
operations, and compound assignment operators.

• String, Comparison, and Other Operators: Further exploration was conducted on string
manipulation, comparison operators, and other miscellaneous operators in JavaScript, along
with precedence rules governing their execution.

• Interacting with Users: The week concluded with a practical session on user interaction in
JavaScript, focusing on dialog boxes as a means to gather input from users and provide
feedback within web applications.

JavaScript, as a versatile and dynamic scripting language, plays a pivotal role in modern web
development. The activities of Week 6 equipped participants with foundational knowledge and
practical skills essential for leveraging JavaScript effectively in web project.
23
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE SEVENTH WEEK

Day Person In-

& Brief description of the daily Charge
Learning Outcome
Activity
Date Signature

Conditional Statements in Knowing about if, if-else,

Day– 1
JavaScript switch in JavaScript

Day- 2 Looping statements in Knowing about for, while

JavaScript in JavaScript

Day– 3 Functions in JavaScript Using Functions in

JavaScript

Call by value, call by

Day– 4 Calling Functions reference

Day– 5 Callbacks Callbacks in JavaScript

Day–6 Arrow Functions Usage of Arrow

Functions

24
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 7 (From Dt………..….. to Dt .................... )

Objective of Activity Done:

• Understanding conditional statements in JavaScript, including if, if-else, and switch statements.
• Familiarizing with looping statements in JavaScript, such as for and while loops.
• Exploring the concept of functions in JavaScript and their usage.
• Understanding call by value and call by reference in JavaScript function calls.
• Learning about callbacks and their usage in JavaScript.
• Exploring arrow functions and their application in JavaScript.

Detailed Report:
Week 7 focused on deepening participants' understanding of essential programming constructs in
JavaScript. Here's a breakdown of the week's activities:

• Conditional Statements in JavaScript: The week commenced with an exploration of

conditional statements in JavaScript, including if, if-else, and switch statements, providing
participants with tools for making decisions within their programs based on different
conditions.

• Looping Statements in JavaScript: Participants delved into looping statements in JavaScript,

understanding the syntax and usage of for and while loops for iterating over data structures
and executing repetitive tasks efficiently.

• Functions in JavaScript: A crucial aspect of JavaScript programming, functions were

introduced, highlighting their role in organizing code, promoting reusability, and enhancing
modularity in applications.

• Calling Functions: Participants learned about call by value and call by reference in JavaScript
function calls, understanding how arguments are passed to functions and how modifications to
parameters affect variable values.

• Callbacks: The concept of callbacks in JavaScript was explored, emphasizing their role in
asynchronous programming and event handling, enabling non-blocking execution and efficient
handling of asynchronous operations.

• Arrow Functions: The week concluded with an introduction to arrow functions in JavaScript,
showcasing their concise syntax and lexical scoping, and their advantages in writing compact
and readable code.

25
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE EIGHTH WEEK

Day Person In-

& Brief description of the daily Charge
Learning Outcome
Activity
Date Signature

Errors in Identifying different types

Day– 1
JavaScript of errors in JavaScript

Day- 2 Exceptions in Understanding exception

JavaScript handling mechanism in
JavaScript

Day– 3 Conditional Exceptions Handling exceptions

based on specific
conditions

Implementing robust
Day– 4 Exception Handling
exception handling
strategies in JavaScript.

Day– 5 Debugging in JavaScript Utilizing debugging

techniques to identify and
resolve issues in JavaScript
code.

Day–6 Troubleshoot Practical application of

troubleshooting methods to
resolve JavaScript
problems.

26
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 8 (From Dt………..….. to Dt .................... )

Objective of Activity Done:

• Understanding errors and exceptions in JavaScript and their impact on program execution.
• Exploring various types of exceptions and their handling mechanisms in JavaScript.
• Learning about conditional exceptions and how to selectively handle them based on specific
conditions.
• Understanding best practices for exception handling to ensure robust and reliable JavaScript
applications.
• Exploring debugging methodologies in JavaScript and mastering techniques for identifying and
resolving errors in code efficiently.
• Equipping participants with troubleshooting strategies to diagnose and resolve issues encountered
during development and deployment processes.

Detailed Report:
Week 8 focused on enhancing participants' understanding of error handling, exception management,
debugging, and troubleshooting techniques in JavaScript. Here's a breakdown of the week's activities:
• Errors in JavaScript: Participants delved into the concept of errors in JavaScript, understanding
the various types of errors such as syntax errors, runtime errors, and logic errors, and their
implications on program execution.

• Exceptions in JavaScript: The focus shifted to exceptions in JavaScript, where participants

explored the concept of exceptional circumstances that disrupt the normal flow of program
execution, and learned about different types of exceptions and their handling mechanisms.

• Conditional Exceptions: Participants learned about conditional exceptions in JavaScript,

understanding how to selectively handle exceptions based on specific conditions, ensuring precise
error handling tailored to the requirements of their applications.

• Exception Handling: A comprehensive overview of exception handling techniques in JavaScript

was provided, covering best practices for catching, propagating, and handling exceptions effectively
to prevent application crashes and ensure robustness.

• Debugging in JavaScript: Participants gained insights into debugging methodologies in JavaScript,

including using browser developer tools, console logging, and breakpoints, to identify and rectify
errors in code efficiently, thereby improving the quality and reliability of their JavaScript
applications.

• Troubleshoot: The week concluded with a focus on troubleshooting strategies in JavaScript,

equipping participants with techniques for diagnosing and resolving issues encountered during
development and deployment processes, ensuring smooth and seamless application execution.

27
JAVASCRIPT ESSENTIALS 1 CERTIFICATE

28
 CHAPTER 3: JAVASCRIPT ESSENTIALS 2

JavaScript is a scripting or programming language that allows you to implement complex

features on web pages — every time a web page does more than just sit there and display static
information for you to look at — displaying timely content updates, interactive maps, animated
2D/3D graphics, scrolling video jukeboxes, etc. — you can bet that JavaScript is probably
involved. It is the third layer of the layer cake of standard web technologies, two of which
(HTML and CSS) we have covered in much more detail in other parts of the Learning Area.
JavaScript is a multi-paradigm, dynamic language with types and operators, standard
built-in objects, and methods. Its syntax is based on the Java and C languages — many structures
from those languages apply to JavaScript as well. JavaScript supports object-oriented
programming with object prototypes and classes. It also supports functional programming since
functions are first-class objects that can be easily created via expressions and passed around like
any other object.

• HTML is the markup language that we use to structure and give meaning to our web content, for
example defining paragraphs, headings, and data tables, or embedding images and videos in the
page.
• CSS is a language of style rules that we use to apply styling to our HTML content, for example
setting background colors and fonts, and laying out our content in multiple columns.
• JavaScript is a scripting language that enables you to create dynamically updating content, control
multimedia, animate images, and pretty much everything else. (Okay, not everything, but it is
amazing what you can achieve with a few lines of JavaScript code.)

Advanced topics in JavaScript encompass a wide array of sophisticated concepts and

techniques that extend the capabilities of the language beyond its basics. Asynchronous
programming lies at the heart of modern JavaScript development, with concepts like callbacks,
Promises, and async/await enabling efficient handling of non-blocking operations. Understanding
closures and scope is crucial for managing variable access and maintaining state within functions.
Prototypal inheritance forms the backbone of JavaScript's object-oriented model, offering a
flexible way to create and extend objects. Functional programming paradigms, such as higher-
order functions and immutability, promote cleaner and more maintainable code by emphasizing
pure functions and data transformations. Modules and module loaders facilitate modular code
organization, enhancing scalability and reusability. Familiarity with the event loop and
concurrency enables developers to leverage JavaScript's single-threaded nature effectively, while
robust error-handling practices ensure resilient applications. Design patterns offer proven
solutions to common software design challenges, enhancing code organization and
maintainability. Performance optimization techniques, including minimizing DOM manipulation
and optimizing algorithms, are essential for delivering fast and responsive web applications.
Finally, a deep understanding of security best practices, such as protecting against XSS and
CSRF attacks and implementing content security policies, is essential for safeguarding web
applications against threats. Mastery of these advanced topics empowers JavaScript developers to
build robust, scalable, and secure applications that meet the demands of modern web
development.
29
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE NINTH WEEK

Day Person In-

& Brief description of the daily Charge
Learning Outcome
Activity
Date Signature

Classes in Understanding the concept

Day– 1
JavaScript of classes and how to create
and use them in JavaScript.

Day- 2 Objects in Exploring the creation,

JavaScript manipulation, and usage of
objects in JavaScript.

Day– 3 Literals in JavaScript Learning about different

types of literals in
JavaScript, such as
numeric, string, boolean,
and object literals.

Understanding reference
Day– 4 References in JavaScript types in JavaScript and
how they affect variable
assignment and function
parameters.

Day– 5 Methods in JavaScript Exploring how to define

and use methods within
JavaScript objects.

Day–6 Closing thoughts and hands-on Reflecting on the week's

exercises learning and engaging in
practical exercises to
reinforce concepts.

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 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 9 (From Dt………..….. to Dt .................... )

Objective of Activity Done:

• Understanding the concept of classes and their usage in JavaScript.
• Exploring objects in JavaScript, including their creation, manipulation, and usage.
• Learning about different types of literals in JavaScript and their significance.
• Understanding reference types in JavaScript and their impact on variable assignment and
function parameters.
• Exploring the definition and usage of methods within JavaScript objects.
• Reflecting on the week's learning and engaging in practical exercises to reinforce concepts.

Detailed Report:
Week 9 focused on deepening participants' understanding of object-oriented programming concepts
and syntax in JavaScript. Here's a breakdown of the week's activities:
• Classes in JavaScript: Participants started the week by exploring the concept of classes in
JavaScript, understanding how to create and use them to define blueprints for objects with
shared properties and behaviors.

• Objects in JavaScript: The focus shifted to objects in JavaScript, where participants explored
their creation, manipulation, and usage, gaining insights into the versatile nature of objects as
fundamental data structures in JavaScript.

• Literals in JavaScript: Participants learned about different types of literals in JavaScript,

including numeric, string, boolean, and object literals, and their significance in representing
values directly within code.

• References in JavaScript: A comprehensive overview of reference types in JavaScript was

provided, covering how they affect variable assignment and function parameters, and
understanding their implications in memory management.

• Methods in JavaScript: Participants explored how to define and use methods within JavaScript
objects, enabling them to encapsulate behavior within objects and promote code reusability and
modularity.

• Closing Thoughts and Hands-on Exercises: The week concluded with a reflection on the
week's learning and engaging in hands-on exercises to reinforce concepts learned throughout
the week, ensuring practical application and retention of knowledge.

JavaScript's support for object-oriented programming concepts empowers developers to build

scalable and maintainable applications. The activities of Week 9 provided participants with
essential skills and knowledge required for leveraging object-oriented principles effectively in
JavaScript projects.

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 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE TENTH WEEK

Day Person In-

& Brief description of the daily Charge
Learning Outcome
Activity
Date Signature

Class Declaration Understanding how to

Day– 1
declare classes in
JavaScript and their syntax.

Day- 2 Properties Learning about class

properties and how to
define and access them.

Day– 3 Getters and setters Exploring the use of

getters and setters within
JavaScript classes to
control access to class
properties.

Understanding how
Day– 4 Inheritance
inheritance works in
JavaScript classes and
implementing it
effectively.

Day– 5 Stataic members Learning about static

members in classes and
their usage in JavaScript.

Day–6 Classes vs. constructors Comparing and contrasting

classes and constructors in
JavaScript, understanding
their differences and best
use cases.

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 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 10 (From Dt………..….. to Dt .................. )

Objective of Activity Done:

• Understanding class declaration syntax and usage in JavaScript.
• Exploring class properties and methods, and how to define and access them.
• Learning about getters and setters and their role in controlling access to class properties.
• Understanding inheritance in JavaScript classes and implementing it effectively.
• Exploring static members in classes and their usage.
• Comparing and contrasting classes and constructors in JavaScript, understanding their
differences and best use cases.

Detailed Report:
Week 10 focused on deepening participants' understanding of advanced concepts and syntax
in JavaScript classes. Here's a breakdown of the week's activities:

• Class Declaration: Participants started the week by understanding the syntax and usage of
class declaration in JavaScript, learning how to define blueprints for objects using the class
keyword.

• Properties: The focus shifted to class properties, where participants learned how to define and
access them within JavaScript classes, enabling them to encapsulate data within objects.

• Getters and Setters: Participants explored the use of getters and setters within JavaScript
classes to control access to class properties, enhancing encapsulation and enabling
validation and computation of property values.

• Inheritance: A comprehensive overview of inheritance in JavaScript classes was provided,

covering how to extend classes and create hierarchical relationships between them,
facilitating code reuse and promoting modularity.

• Static Members: Participants learned about static members in classes and their usage in
JavaScript, understanding how they are shared across all instances of a class and how to
access them directly from the class itself.

• Classes vs. Constructors: The week concluded with a comparison between classes and
constructors in JavaScript, highlighting their differences in syntax and usage, and
understanding their respective strengths and best use cases.

JavaScript's support for classes and advanced object-oriented programming concepts

empowers developers to build scalable and maintainable applications. The activities of Week
10 provided participants with essential skills and knowledge required for leveraging advanced
class features effectively in JavaScript projects.

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 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE ELEVENTH WEEK

Day Person In-

& Brief description of the daily Charge
Learning Outcome
Activity
Date Signature

Built-in objects Exploring various built-in

Day– 1
objects in JavaScript such
as Array, String, Date, etc.,
and their functionalities.

Day- 2 Simple Data Types Understanding simple data

types in JavaScript
including numbers, strings,
booleans, null, and
undefined.

Day– 3 Composite data types Learning about composite

data types in JavaScript
such as arrays and
objects, and their usage.

Exploring JSON
Day– 4 JSON, Math and RegExp
(JavaScript Object
Notation), Math object,
and Regular Expressions
in JavaScript.

Day– 5 Extending built-in types Understanding how to

extend built-in types in
JavaScript and the potential
implications.

Day–6 Completion – Closing thoughts and Reflecting on the week's

hands-on exercises learning and engaging in
practical exercises to
reinforce concepts.

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 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 11 (From Dt………..….. to Dt .................. )

Objective of Activity Done:

• Exploring various built-in objects in JavaScript and understanding their functionalities.
• Understanding simple data types in JavaScript, including numbers, strings, booleans, null,
and undefined.
• Learning about composite data types in JavaScript such as arrays and objects, and their usage.
• Exploring JSON (JavaScript Object Notation), the Math object, and Regular Expressions in
JavaScript.
• Understanding how to extend built-in types in JavaScript and the potential implications.
• Reflecting on the week's learning and engaging in practical exercises to reinforce concepts.

Detailed Report:
Week 11 focused on deepening participants' understanding of built-in objects, data types, and other
essential concepts in JavaScript. Here's a breakdown of the week's activities:

• Built-in Objects: Participants started the week by exploring various built-in objects in
JavaScript such as Array, String, Date, etc., and their functionalities, enabling them to leverage
these objects effectively in their code.

• Simple Data Types: The focus shifted to understanding simple data types in JavaScript,
including numbers, strings, booleans, null, and undefined, and their characteristics and usage
in JavaScript programs.

• Composite Data Types: Participants learned about composite data types in JavaScript such as
arrays and objects, understanding their structure, manipulation, and usage in storing and
organizing data within JavaScript applications.

• JSON, Math and RegExp: A comprehensive overview of JSON (JavaScript Object Notation),
the Math object, and Regular Expressions in JavaScript was provided, covering their syntax,
usage, and practical applications in JavaScript programming.

• Extending Built-in Types: Participants explored how to extend built-in types in JavaScript,
understanding the process of adding custom methods and properties to built-in objects and the
potential implications of doing so.

• Completion – Closing Thoughts and Hands-on Exercises: The week concluded with a
reflection on the week's learning and engaging in practical exercises to reinforce concepts
learned throughout the week, ensuring practical application and retention of knowledge.

JavaScript's rich set of built-in objects and data types provide developers with powerful tools
for building dynamic and robust applications. The activities of Week 11 equipped participants
with essential skills and knowledge required for leveraging these features effectively in
JavaScript projects.

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 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE TWELFTH WEEK

Day Person In-

& Brief description of the daily Charge
Learning Outcome
Activity
Date Signature

A bit more about functions advanced topics related to

Day– 1
functions in JavaScript,
such as higher-order
functions, function
expressions, and closures.

Day- 2 Advanced functions Concepts related to

functions, including
function composition,
currying, and
memorization.

Day– 3 Understanding the

Decorators function
concept of decorators in
JavaScript and how they
can be used to modify the
behavior of functions.

Exploring generators and

Day– 4 Generators and iterators
iterators in JavaScript
and their applications in
asynchronous
programming and data
manipulation.

Day– 5 Asynchronous Learning about

programming asynchronous programming
in JavaScript, including
Promises, async/await, and
handling asynchronous
operations.

Day–6 Closing thoughts and hands-on Reflecting on the week's

exercises learning and engaging in
practical exercises to
reinforce concepts.

36
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 12 (From Dt………..….. to Dt .................. )

Objective of Activity Done:

• Exploring advanced topics related to functions in JavaScript, such as higher-order functions,
function expressions, and closures.
• Understanding concepts related to functions, including function composition, currying, and
memorization.
• Learning about decorators in JavaScript and how they can be used to modify the behavior of
functions.
• Exploring generators and iterators in JavaScript and their applications in asynchronous
programming and data manipulation.
• Learning about asynchronous programming in JavaScript, including Promises, async/await &
handling asynchronous operations.
• Reflecting on the week's learning and engaging in practical exercises to reinforce concepts.

Detailed Report:
Focused on advancing participants' understanding of functions and asynchronous programming
concepts in JavaScript. Here's a breakdown of the week's activities:

• A Bit More About Functions: Participants delved into advanced topics related to functions in
JavaScript, including higher-order functions, function expressions, and closures, enhancing
their ability to leverage functions effectively in their code.

• Advanced Functions: The focus shifted to concepts related to functions, including function
composition, currying, and memorization, enabling participants to write more efficient and
modular code.

• Decorator Functions: Participants learned about decorators in JavaScript and how they can be
used to modify the behavior of functions, providing a powerful tool for enhancing the
functionality of existing functions.

• Generators and Iterators: A comprehensive overview of generators and iterators in JavaScript

was provided, covering their syntax, usage, and applications in asynchronous programming
and data manipulation tasks.

• Asynchronous Programming: Participants explored asynchronous programming in

JavaScript, including Promises, async/await, and handling asynchronous operations, enabling
them to write non-blocking code and manage asynchronous tasks effectively.
• Closing Thoughts and Hands-on Exercises: The week concluded with a reflection on the
week's learning and engaging in practical exercises to reinforce concepts learned throughout
the week, ensuring practical application and retention of knowledge.

Advanced concepts in functions and asynchronous programming play a crucial role in building
complex and scalable applications in JavaScript. The activities of Week 12 equipped participants
with essential skills and knowledge required for leveraging these concepts effectively in
JavaScript projects.

37
JAVASCRIPT ESSENTIALS 2 CERTIFICATE

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