‫تنبيه مهم !!!

‬
‫نرجو من جميع الزمالء اعتماد الشروحات الجديدة للفصل الصيفي ‪ 2023‬ونحن‬
‫ال نتحمل مسؤولية أي طالب يعتمد الورق القديم كمصدر دراسي لالمتحان !!‬

‫كونوا بالقرب منا ‪:‬‬

‫‪Facebook Group‬‬ ‫‪Telegram Channel‬‬

‫تم إنجاز هذإ الملف على إنغام تاج إلأغننة الع برنة إصالة نصري‬

‫البوم ‪ 60‬دقبقة حياة‬

 BADER ALQADI MEDICAL CLUB

LEADERSHIP AND INNOVATION

Mid – Chapter 1 –The Foundation of Entrepreneurship

 Entrepreneurship: The process of designing, launching and running a new business,
which typically begins as business, such as a startup company , offering a product, process
or service for sale or hire a small.
 Creativity: Something new and somehow valuable is formed. The created item may be
intangible such as an idea, a scientific theory, ....

‫ عملية تصميم تشغيل وإطالق ر‬: ‫الريادة‬

. ‫مشوع جديد‬
‫ر‬
. ‫اش جديد واله قيمة لحد ما‬
‫ ي‬: ‫االبداع‬

The World of the Entrepreneur

 Every month U.S. entrepreneurs launch 514,000 new businesses (One reason the U.S.
economy has been so successful over time ).
 Entrepreneurial spirit: the most significant economic development in recent history.
 Global entrepreneurship (GEM) study: 12.7% (one in eight people) of adult population in
the United States is actively involved in trying to start a new business.

‫يل خلت اقتصادهم‬ ‫ر‬

‫كبي من الشكات او األعمال التجارية وهاد واحد من أهم االسباب ي‬
‫كل شهر رواد االعمال بأمريكا بفتحوا عدد ر‬
‫ناجح ومزدهر‬
‫ه أهم تطور اقتصادي يف التاري خ الحديث‬
‫الروح الريادية ي‬
‫اميكا بشاركوا بنشاطات عشان يحاولوا يبلشوا بعمل تجاري‬
‫هاي الدراسات أظهرت انه واحد من كل ثمانية أشخاص يف ر‬

Entrepreneurial Activity Across the Globe

 The Total Entrepreneurial Activity Index (TEA
index) is the sum of the number of persons
starting a business (starting entrepreneurs)
and the number of owners of businesses that
were established less than 3.5 years before the
reference date (young entrepreneurs), as a
percentage of the labor force.
 The TEA is an index for the degree of new
entrepreneurship by country and is calculated
as the percentage of people who undertake
such activities in comparison to the labor force
(population aged 18- 64 years(

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 BADER ALQADI MEDICAL CLUB

‫يل بلشت قبل أقل من ثالث سنوات ونص‬ ‫ر‬

‫المبتدئي وعدد أصحاب االعمال ي‬
‫ر‬ ‫اجمال نشاط ريادة االعمال هو مجموع عدد الرواد‬
‫ي‬ ‫مؤش‬
‫المرجع‬
‫ي‬ ‫من التاري خ‬
‫ هذه االنشطة مقارنة‬TEA: ‫مؤش لدرجة ريادة األعمال حسب البلد ويتم حسابه كنسبة مئوية من االشخاص الذين يقومون بمثل‬‫هو ر‬
‫بالقوى العاملة‬

Entrepreneurial Globe the Across Activity

Factor-driven economy: Countries compete primarily on the use of unskilled labor and
natural resources and companies compete on the basis of price as they buy and sell
basicproducts or commodities Examples: Egypt, Algeria, Palestine, Pakistan
.
Efficiency-driven economy: Growth is based on the development of more efficient
production processes and increased product quality. Examples: Croatia, Brazil, China,
Russia,Tunisia.

Innovation-driven economy: Companies compete by producing and delivering new and

different products and services by using the most sophisticated processes. Examples:
USA,United Kingdom, Japan, Republic of Korea.
‫النشاط الريادي حول العالم‬

‫بتتنافس البلدان ف المقام االول عل استخدام العمال يل مش شاطرة والموارد الطبيعية وبتنافس ر‬: ‫االقتصاد المدفوع بالعوامل‬
‫الشكات عل‬ ‫ي ي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ر‬
‫بتشيي وبتبيع المنتجات او السلع االساسية‬ ‫أساس السعر ألنها‬

‫ يعتمد النمو عل تطوير عمليات انتاج ر‬: ‫االقتصاد القائم عل الكفاءة‬

‫أكي كفاءة وزيادة جودة المنتج‬

‫الشكات من خالل انتاج وتقديم منتجات وخدمات جديدة ومختلفة باستخدام العمليات ر‬
‫االكي تطورا‬ ‫ بتتنافس ر‬: ‫االقتصاد يحركه االبداع‬

The World of the Entrepreneur

 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) study: Men are twice as likely to start a business
as women.
 Entrepreneurs are most likely to launch businesses when they are between the ages of
35 and 44.
 Most people see entrepreneurial activity as a good career choice.

Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM):

 A global study conducted by a consortium of universities
 It aims to analyze the level of entrepreneurship occurring in a wide basket of countries.
 It measures entrepreneurship through both surveys and interviews to field experts,
conducted by the teams of each country.
‫ر‬
‫ دراسة عالمية أجراها اتحادجامعات تهدف ال تحليل مستوى ريادة االعمال ي‬: ‫العالم لريادة االعمال‬
‫الت تحدث يف سلة واسعة من‬ ‫ي‬ ‫المرصد‬
‫الميدانيي ر‬
‫الت تجري ها فرق كل دولة‬ ‫ر‬ ‫اء‬
‫الخي‬
‫ر‬ ‫مع‬ ‫والمقابالت‬ ‫أي‬
‫ر‬ ‫ال‬ ‫استطالعات‬ ‫خالل‬ ‫االعمال‬ ‫ريادة‬ ‫وبقيس‬ ‫البلدان‬
‫ي‬

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 BADER ALQADI MEDICAL CLUB

Entrepreneurship-Friendly Nations
Which nations provide the best environment for cultivating entrepreneurship?

 A recent study ranked 121 countries on the quality of the entrepreneurial environment
using the Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index (GEDI), which includes a variety
of factors that range from the availability of capital and workforce quality to attitudes
toward entrepreneurs and technology available. The maximum GEDI score is 100.

What Is an Entrepreneur?
 Entrepreneur: One who creates a new business in the face of risk and uncertainty for the
purpose of achieving profit and growth by identifying opportunities and assembling the
necessary resources to capitalize on them. Entrepreneurship-Friendly Nations.

‫يل حولنا وهاد كله عشان تحقيق الرب ح والنمو عن‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ر‬
‫يل بعمل بمشوع جديد لحت يواجه المخاطر ي‬ ‫ هوه الشخص ي‬: ‫رائد االعمال‬
‫طريق تجديد الفرص وجمع المصادر الالزمة لالستفادة منها‬

Percentage of Start-Up Companies in the United States

Characteristics of Entrepreneurs :
 Desire for responsibility .
 Preference for moderate levels of risk: risk eliminators .
 High level of energy .
 Future orientation .
 Opportunity entrepreneurs Necessity.
 Self- reliance entrepreneurs .
 Serial entrepreneurs .
 Skilled at Organizing .
 Confidence in their ability to succeed .
 Determination .
 Desire for immediate feedback Value achievement over money

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 BADER ALQADI MEDICAL CLUB

:‫خصائص رواد األعمال‬

. ‫بتحمل المسؤولية‬
. ‫يفضل انه يغامر بنسبة خطر معتدلة‬
. ‫مليان طاقه وحيويه‬
‫عندك نظره للمستقبل‬
. ‫بيعتمد عل حاله‬
. ‫سلس مع الناس‬
. ‫بعرف ينظم حاله‬
‫عارف انه بقدر ينجح‬
‫التصميم‬
‫بحب يسمع الفيدباك‬

There are three type of entrepreneurs based on their future orientation

 Opportunity entrepreneurs: start businesses because they spot an marketplace the in
opportunity.
 Necessity entrepreneurs: start businesses because they cannot find work .
 Serial entrepreneurs: repeatedly start businesses and any other way grow them to a
sustainable size before striking out again.
Entrepreneurs tend to exhibit:
 A high degree of commitment ‫ملتزم‬
 Tolerance for ambiguity ‫غامض‬
 Creativity ‫مبدع‬
 Flexibility ‫مرن‬
 Resourcefulness ‫ ملم بكل ش‬
 Tenacity ‫ ا رص ا ر‬
 Willingness to hard work ‫تعييب‬

Bootstrapping is a strategy that involves conserving money and cutting costs during start-up so
that entrepreneurs can pour every available dollar into their businesses

Benefits of Entrepreneurship :
The opportunity to :
 Creat your own destiny .
 Make a difference.
 Reach your full potential .
 Reap impressive profits .
 Contribute to society and to be recognised for your efforts.
 Do what you enjoy and to have fun at

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 BADER ALQADI MEDICAL CLUB

:‫فوائد الريادة‬
. ‫ صناعة مستقبلك الخاص فيك‬-
.‫تغيي‬
‫ عمل ر‬-
.‫ الوصول ال الحد األعل من الطاقة واإلبداع‬-
‫ جت مبلغ ر‬-
. ‫محيم‬ ‫ي‬
‫ر‬
.‫بتساهم وبتتعب عشان مجتمعك وهمه بدورهم بقدروك وبحيموك‬-
‫ال بتحبه‬ ‫بتعمل ر‬-
‫االش ي‬
‫ي‬
Drawbacks of Entrepreneurship :
 income of Uncertainty.
 The entrepreneur is the last one to be paid , as employees must be first paid.
 Risk of losing your entire investment .
 Long hours and hard work .
 Lower quality of life until the business gets established.
 High levels of stress.
 Complete responsibility.
 Discouragement.

: ‫سلبيات الرياده‬
‫ر‬
‫اش بأكدلك انه رح تطلع بمبلغ محيم‬ ‫ر‬
‫ما يف ي‬-
.‫الموظفي باألول‬
‫ر‬ ‫تعط‬
‫ي‬ ‫ قبل ما تمسك قرش الزم‬-
‫ر‬
.‫الفاض‬
‫ي‬ ‫االف كل شغلك راح ع‬ ‫ عادي ممكن تصىح ي‬-
. ‫بيىح بسهولة‬ ‫ر‬
‫اش ر ي‬‫ شغلك طويل ومتعب فيش ي‬-
. ‫ويمش هالشغل‬ ‫ر‬ ‫بتضل ماكل هوا ر‬-
‫لحت هللا يفرحها‬
‫ي‬
.‫ضغط‬-
.‫ مسؤولية‬-
‫ بتحس باإلحباط بس ال تستسلم‬-

Enterpreneurs for stress of Sources :

 Repaying personal debt 52%  Losing my business 54%

 Losing Clients 15%  Bringing in new business 49%

 My health and well-being 41%  Being on call 24/7 38%

 Repaying business debt 35%

‫يل بتسبب ضغط عل رواد االعمال ومهمة جدا‬
‫النسب هيه نسب االشياء ي‬

5
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 BADER ALQADI MEDICAL CLUB

Feeding the Entreneurial Fire :

 Some of the most significant factors that have led to this age of entrepreneurship include:
o Entrepreneurs as heroes( as model to follow).
o Entrepreneurial education .
 Universities and colleges should include it in course study.
o Demographic and economic factors economic .
 Many people start their busniness in age 24-44.
 Economic growth that spanned most of the 80s created significant amount of
wealth among people of this age group and many opportunities business.
o Shift to a service economy .
 In US servise sector (low start –up cost ) produce 80% of the jobs and 64% of GDP
(Gross Domestic ).
o Technology advancements .
 Technology has changed the ways to do business , such as computers , fax ,
commerce-e , mail voice.
o Independent lifestyle .
o The Internet (WWW) , cloud computing , and mobile marketing.
:‫ال بتحفز الرياده‬
‫العوامل ي‬
.‫أنه يكون رحل األعمال بطل يقتدى به‬-
.‫يعلموا الطالب بالمدارس والجامعات ريادة األعمال عشان يطلع جيل ريادي‬-
.‫اف واالقتصادي‬ ‫ العامل الديموغر ي‬-
.‫التحول نحو اقتصاد الخدمات‬-
. ‫التكنولوج‬
‫ر ي‬ ‫التقدم‬-
‫نمط حياة مستقل‬-

GDP : amonetary measure of the market value of all final goods and servise produced in aperiod (
quarterly or yearly ) . Used to determine the economic performance of a whole country or region ,
and to make international comparisons .
‫قياس القيمة النقدية لجميع السلع النهائية والخدمات المنتجة ف ر‬
‫فية ( فصلية أو سنوية ) تستخدم لتحديد األداء االقتصادي لبلد‬ ‫ي‬
‫ وإجراء مقارنات دولية‬، ‫أو منطقة بأكملها‬
Cloud computing : Internet-based subscription or pay-per-use software services that allow
business owners to use a variety of business applications , from data base management and
inventory control to customer relationship accounting and management

The Cultural Diversity of Entrepreneurship:

 Young entrepreneurs  Minority-Owned enterprises

 Women entrepreneurs  Immigrant entrepreneurs

 Part-time entrepreneurs  Home-based businesses

 Family businesses

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 BADER ALQADI MEDICAL CLUB

Copreneurs :entrepreneurial couples who work together as co-owners of their businesses.

o Corporate Castoffs : Those individuals who are unemployed and are highly educated and
skilled , and had corporate executive jobs.
o Corporate dropouts : Executives who leave the corporate to pursue their own businesses
own their starting by aspirations and dreams.
o Retiring baby boomers : Baby boomer is a group of people who were born between 1946
and 1964.
Labeled so because during this period of time , there was a statistically significant
increase in the number of births that occurred.

‫الشكة‬‫ناس توظفوا وبعديها ر‬- :‫الشكاء ال بشتغلوا مع بعض‬

‫امثلة ع بعض ر‬، ‫معي‬‫مشوع ر‬ ‫حابي يشتغلوا ويعملوا ر‬
‫اثني ر‬‫يعت صحاب ر‬
‫ر‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ي‬
‫ر‬
‫ناس عندهم طموح بيكوا شغلهم‬- .‫خية ومهارة رفيوحوا يعملوا مشوع وبشتغلوا عليه‬
‫ر‬ ‫عندهم‬ ‫اصال‬ ‫وهما‬ ، ‫باي‬ ‫حكتلهم باي‬
‫ وب هذيك ر‬6419 ‫ و‬6491 ‫الفية ما بي‬
‫الفية كان يف تزايد ملحوظ با‬ ‫هذول ناس الولدوا ب ر‬- .‫بمشوع االحالم‬
‫بالشكة وبروحوا ببلشوا ر‬ ‫ر‬
‫ر‬
‫ مليون شخص‬41.9 ‫ حيث ولد حينها‬، ‫عداد المواليد‬
Entrepreneurial Activity by Age Activity :

The power of small Businesses:

 Small businesses (employs less than 100 people).
 Capital: defined that small business with a capital more than 30.000 JD and less than1
Million JD .
 Make up 99.6% of the 136 thousand businesses in Jordan.
 Employ 71.4% of the nation's private sector workforce and Create More jobs than big
businesses .
: ‫الصغية‬
‫ر‬ ‫قوة المشاري ع‬
. ‫عدد االشخاص اقل من مية‬
. ‫اردن‬ ‫ر‬
‫ الف ومش أكي من مليون دينار ي‬03 ‫الصغية مش اقل من‬
‫ر‬ ‫بكون رأس مال المشاري ع‬
‫ر‬
. ‫ الف مشوع يف االردن‬601 ‫ من‬44.1‫تشكل هاي المشاري ع‬
‫الكبية‬ ‫ر‬
‫ من القطاع الخاص يف االردن وتخلق فرص عمل جديدة أكي من المشاري ع‬% 46 .9 ‫توظف‬
‫ر‬

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 BADER ALQADI MEDICAL CLUB

Gazelles : are small companies that are growing at 20 percent or more per year with atleast
$100,00 in annual sales ; they creat 70 percent of net.

‫ر‬ ‫ او ر‬% 03 ‫هاي رشكات صغية بتنمو بنسبة‬

‫ الشكات ي‬. ‫اجمال مبيعات‬
% 43 ‫ اضافة ال انها بتوفر‬، ‫ دوالر‬63333 ‫ه‬ ‫ي‬ ، ‫اكي كل سنة‬ ‫ر‬
‫اجمال الوظائف االقتصادية‬
‫ي‬ ‫من‬
Small Businesses by industry

small Bussinesses
 Produce 46 % of the nation private GDP.
 Account for 47 % of businesses sales
 Creat 16 times more patents per employees than large companies
Zipper , light bulb , FM radio , laser , air conditioning , escalator , personal computer
more many and , transmission automatic.

. ‫اإلجمال‬
‫ي‬ ‫المحل‬
‫ي‬ ‫ من الناتج‬%91 ‫الصغيه نسبة‬
‫ر‬ ‫تنتج المشاري ع‬-
‫ر‬
. ‫ من ناتج المبيعات لدى الشكات‬%94 ‫إضافه إل‬-
‫الكبية‬ ‫الشكات‬ ‫اخياع ر‬
‫ مرة من ر‬61 ‫اكي ب‬ ‫توفي براءة ر‬-
‫ر‬ ‫ر‬

Perspective into Failure Putting

 Entrepreneurs are not paralyzed by the prospect of failure.
 Failure : a natural part of the creative process.
 Successful entrepreneurs learn to fail intelligently

:‫وضع الفشل يف منظورة الصحيح‬

. ‫يعت اذا فشلت ارجع حاول مره ثانية‬
‫ ي‬-
.‫طبيع من العملية اإلبداعية‬
‫ي‬ ‫جزء‬ ‫الفشل‬ -
‫بالعرن بتعلموا من أخطائهم وفشلهم‬
‫ري‬ ‫يعت‬
‫الناجحي بفشلوا بذكاء ي‬
‫ر‬ ‫رجال األعمال‬-

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 BADER ALQADI MEDICAL CLUB

Small Bussiness Failure Rate

Avoiding the pitfalls of small Businesses Failure

 Know your business in depth.
 Build a viable business model-and test it.
 Develop a solid business plan.
 Understand financial statements .
 Manage financial resources .
 Learn to manage people effectively .
 Set your business apart from the competition.
 Maintain a positive attitude

: ‫الصغية‬
‫ر‬ ‫الشكات‬ ‫تجنب فشل ر‬
. ‫اعرف شو شغلك‬-
.‫مشوعك وتجربة‬ ‫ تبت نموذج ل ر‬-
‫ي‬
.‫ تطور خطة عمل قوية‬-
.‫ تفهم األمور المالية صح‬-
.‫ إدارة مصادرك المالية‬-
.‫ تعرف كيف تتعامل مع العالم‬-
. ‫مشوعك بنافس بقوة‬ ‫ يكون ر‬-
‫خليك متفائل‬-

The ten Deadly Mistakes of Entrepreneurship:

 Management mistakes.
 Lack of experience.
 Poor financial control.
 Weak marketing efforts .
 Failure to develop a strategic plan.
 Uncontrolled growth.
 poor location.
 Improper inventory control.
 Incorrect pricing.
 Inability to make the –entrepreneurial transition.

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 BADER ALQADI MEDICAL CLUB

‫ر‬
: ‫عش أخطاء ال تقع فيهم انت ك ريادي او رحل أعمال‬
.‫إداريه‬‫أخطاء‬-
.‫الخية‬
‫ نقص ر‬-
.‫ ادارة مالية ضعيفة‬-
.‫ بتعرفش تس ّوق لحالك‬-
‫ر‬
. ‫ بتعرفش تحط خطة اسياتيجيه‬-
.‫غي مشيطر عليه‬ ‫ نمو ر‬-
.‫ موقع العمل مش مناسب‬-
.‫ إدارة خاطئة للمخزون‬-
. ‫ أسعار مش مناسبة‬-
‫تصي حدا ريادي‬ ‫مش عارف ر‬-

Entrepreneurs
 Are an important part of the free enterprise system .
 Are a diverse and talented group of people.
 Represent a cross - section of society as a whole .
 Are able to enhance the profitability of their businesses through acquiring additional
knowledge and experience.

11

11