Mathematics 10

Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 8
SECANTS, TANGENTS, SEGMENTS
AND SECTORS OF A CIRCLE
Mathematics – Grade 10
Quarter 2 – Self-Learning Module 8: Inscribed Angle
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Cirilo E. Saludes Jr.
Editor: Cristina DC. Prado
Reviewers: Ma. Cynthia P. Badana; Ma. Victoria Peñalosa; Glady O. Dela Cruz
Illustrator: Edison P. Clet
Layout Artist: Clifchard D. Valente
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

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Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
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Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larangan)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
Mathematics 10
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 8
SECANTS, TANGENTS, SEGMENTS AND
SECTORS OF A CIRCLE
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Mathematics Grade 10 Self-Learning Module on Inscribed

Angle!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the self-learning module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this self-
learning module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in this self-learning module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Mathematics Grade 10 Self-Learning Module on Inscribed

Angle!

This self-learning module was designed to provide you with fun and
meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being
an active learner.

This self-learning module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

1. Differentiate secants, tangents, segments and sector of a circle.

2. Illustrate secants, tangents, segments and sectors of a circle.
3. Solve for the area of sector and segment of a circle.

PRETEST

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Choose the letter that correspond to the
correct answer.

1. If line a is tangent to Circle O, how many point/s does the line and the circle have
in common?
A. One C. Three
B. Two D. Infinite

2. What do we call line AB if it intersects circle P at points A and B?

A. Radius C. Tangent
B. Diameter D. Secant

3. It is a region in a circle bounded by a central angle and N

its intercepted Arc.
A. Tangent Line C. Sector
B. Secant Line D. Segment D

4. Which figure shows a line tangent to a circle? M

A. C.

B. D.

N
5. Which of the following terms best described the shaded
portion of the given figure on the right?
M D
A. Segment of a circle C. Sector of a circle
B. Diameter of a circle D. Area of a circle
 RECAP

Directions: Below are the different theorems and properties discussed in the previous
module. Match the given figures at the left with the correct statements at the right
by connecting them with a line.

I II

1.
“The measure of an inscribed

90°
• A.
angle is one-half the measure of
its intercepted arc.”

2.

40° “The measure of an inscribed

• B. angle in a semi-circle is a right
angle.”

3.
90°
120° “If two inscribed angles intercept

60°
• C. the same arc, then the
two angles are congruent.”

4. “Opposite angles of an inscribed

70°
• D.
quadrilateral are
supplementary.
 LESSON

In the previous self-learning modules, you have learned about arcs and angles
formed inside the circle. In this self-learning module, you are going to learn about
lines and its relationship to circle. Particularly, this self-learning module will discuss
on tangent line and secant lines and how to solve for the sector of a circle.

Tangent Line
A tangent to a circle is a line coplanar with the circle and intersects the circle
at exactly one point. The point of intersection of the line and the circle is called the
point of tangency.
Example: In the figure on the right, ⃡𝐻𝐸 intersects
⃡
Cirlce O at P. 𝑯𝑬 is a tangent line and
P is the point of tangency.

Common Tangent
A common tangent is a line that is tangent to two circles in the same plane.

Common Internal Tangents Common External Tangents

intersect the segment joining do not intersect the segment joining
the centers of two circles. the centers of two circles.

Lines x and y are common internal Lines p and r are common external
tangents. tangents.

Internally Tangent Circles Externally Tangent Circles

Circles that are coplanar, share a Circles that are coplanar, share a
common point of tangency, and with common point of tangency, and with
centers that lie on the same side of their centers that lie on opposite sides of
common tangent. their common tangent.
Secant Line
A line that intersects a circle at exactly two points. A secant contains a chord
of a circle. Q

P
Examples: In circle A, ⃡𝑷𝑸 is a secant line intersecting A
the circle at points P and Q.

In circle U, ⃡𝑹𝑺 intersects the circle at R and S and

⃡ is a secant line
also point U which lead that 𝑹𝑺 R
U
which contains a diameter. S

Sector and Segment of a Circle

A sector of a circle is the region bounded by an arc of the circle and two radii
to the endpoints of the arc. To find the area of a sector of a circle, get the product of
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑐
the ratio and the area of the circle.
360
J

Example: The radius of circle K is 8 cm. If m JL = 40, 40°

what is the area of the sector JKL? K

8cm L
Solution: To find the area of a sector JKL:
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑐
a. Determine first the ratio .
360
𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑟𝑐 40
=
360 360
= =
1
9

b. Find the area (A) of the circle using the equation 𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2 , where r
is the length of the radius.
𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2 = 𝜋 (8𝑐𝑚)2 = 64 𝜋 𝑐𝑚2

c. Get the product of the ratio and the area of the circle.

1 64𝜋
Area of sector JKL = ( ) (64𝜋 𝑐𝑚2 ) = 𝑐𝑚2
9 9

or approximately equal to 7.11𝑐𝑚2

 A segment of a circle is the region bounded by an arc and segment joining
its endpoints.

Example: The shaded region in the figure below is a segment of circle O. It is the
region bounded by MN and MN . To find the area of the shaded segment in the figure,
Subtract the area of the triangle MON from the area of sector MON.
M
N
If mMN = 90 and the radius of the circle is 5 cm, then
The area of sector MON is one-fourth of the area of the
whole circle. That is, O
1
Area of sector MON = ( ) ( 5𝑐𝑚)2 𝜋
4
1
= ( ) (25𝑐𝑚2 ) 𝜋
4
25
= 𝜋 𝑐𝑚2
4
1 25
In the same figure, the area of ∆MON = (5𝑐𝑚)(5𝑐𝑚) or ∆MON = 𝑐𝑚2 .
2 2
25 25
The area of the shaded segment then is equal to 𝜋 𝑐𝑚2 − 𝑐𝑚2 which is
4 2

approximately 7.14 𝑐𝑚2 .

ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!

Directions: Using circle H, identify whether the following is a Tangent Line, Secant
Line, Segment of a circle or Sector of a circle. Write your answer on the space
provided.

⃡
1. 𝐷𝐽 ____________________
2. ⃡𝐴𝐸 ____________________
3. ⃡𝐶𝐹 ____________________
4. ⃡
𝐼𝐾 ____________________
5. BD ____________________
6. DHE ____________________
7. GA ____________________
8. GHF ____________________
9. ⃡𝐵𝐸 ____________________
10. ⃡𝐿𝐸 ____________________
ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!
Direction: Provide the necessary illustration in each given condition.

1. 2.

Line BC intersect circle P at X. Line DG meets circle K at D and G.

3. 4.

Line m meets circle O at L. Line p intersects circle A at R and S

which form a diameter.
5. 6.

Segment AB of circle E. Segment FG of circle Q.

7. 8.

Sector QMT Sector RTG as a quadrant of circle T.

9. 10.

Segment YO of circle D and A line intersects circle J at C and D and

intersected by line NB at O. forming sector CJD.
ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!
Directions: Find the area of the shaded region of each circle. Figures are not drawn
to scale. Use π = 3.14

1. M 2. 3.
W B
90 90°
° 45°

O S Q O
G F
N 6cm 12cm 3cm
m

WRAP-UP
Direction: Complete the given statements below to summarize what you have learned
in this self-learning module.

A line tangent to a circle is a coplanar line with the circle and intersects it in
exactly ____ point. The point of intersection of the line and the circle is called the
point of _____________.
A secant line is a line that intersects a circle at exactly ______ points. A secant
contains a _______ of a circle.
A sector of a circle is the region bounded by an ______ of the circle and two
_____ to the endpoints of the arc.
A segment of a circle is the region bounded by an arc and ________ joining
its ___________.

VALUING

REFLECTION: (Journal Writing)

In our circle of life, we will meet or encounter some people once in our life who
will leave great impact on us. If you are given a chance to meet someone only once
in your life, who will you choose and why?
 POSTTEST

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Choose the letter that correspond to the
correct answer.

1. What do we call line UT if it intersects circle K at points U and T?

A. Tangent C. Radius
B. Secant D. Diameter
A
2. A sector of a circle is a part of a circle determine by two ________
50°
and it is a region bounded by a central angle and its intercepted
arc. C
A. Chords C. Diameters 5cm B
B. Radii D. Arcs

3. How many point/s does a line and a circle have in common if the line is tangent
to the circle?
A. Infinite C. Two
B. One D. Three

E
4. Which of the following terms best describes the given figure
on the right?
A. Segment of a circle C. Sector of a circle D C
B. Diameter of a circle D. Area of a circle

5. Which figure shows a line tangent to a circle?

A. C.

B. D.
 POSTTEST
1. B 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D
ACTIVITY 3: TEST YOURSELF!
1. 9π 𝑐𝑚2 or 28.26 𝑐𝑚2
2. 18π 𝑐𝑚2 or 56.52 𝑐𝑚2
9𝜋−18
3. ( ) 𝑐𝑚2 𝑜𝑟 2.565 𝑐𝑚2
4
ACTIVITY 2: KEEP PRACTICING!
ACTIVITY 1: LET’S PRACTICE!
1. Tangent Line 6. Sector of a circle
2. Secant Line 7. Segment of a circle
3. Secant Line 8. Sector of a circle
4. Tangent Line 9. Secant Line
5. Segment of a circle 10. Tangent Line
RECAP
1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C
PRETEST
1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A
KEY TO CORRECTION
 References

Alferez, Merle S. and Alvin E. Lambino. MSA Geometry. Quezon City: MSA Academic
Advance Institute.
Callanta, Melvin M., Canonigo, Allan M., Chua, Arnaldo I., E., Cruz, Jerry D.,
Esparrago, Mirla S., Garcia, Elino S., Magnaye, Aries N., Orines, Fernando
B., Perez, Rowena S., and Concepcion S. Ternida, et al. Mathematics Grade
10 Learner’s Module. First Edition. Pasig City: Department of Education,
2015.
Oronce, Orlando A. and Marilyn O. Mendoza. E-MATH 10 Worktext in Mathematics.
Revised Edition. Manila: Rex Book Store Inc., 2015.

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