POWER SYSTEM OPERATION AND CONTROL
COURSE OUTLINE
Subject code: 21EE71 Total Hours: 45
Credits: 03 Hours per week: 03
Prerequisite:
Electric Circuit Analysis, Mathematics & Power system – I & II
Course Objective:
1. Understand significance of power system operation and control
2. Explain real power-frequency interaction and design of power-frequency controller.
3. Reactive power-voltage interaction and the control actions to be implemented for
maintaining the voltage profile against varying system load.
UNIT-1 9 hours
Preliminaries on Power System Operation and Control: Power scenario in Indian grid –
National and Regional load dispatching centers –requirements of good power system – necessity
of voltage and frequency regulation – real power vs frequency and reactive power vs voltage
control operation – system load variation, load curves and basic concepts of load dispatching –
load forecasting – Basics of speed governing mechanisms and modeling – speed load
characteristics – regulation of two generators in parallel.
UNIT-2 9 hours
Real Power – Frequency Control: Load Frequency Control (LFC) of single area system-static
and dynamic analysis of uncontrolled and controlled cases – LFC of two area system – tie line
modeling – block diagram representation of two area system – static and dynamic analysis – tie
line with frequency bias control – state variability model – integration of economic dispatch
control with LFC.
UNIT-3 9 hours
Reactive Power – Voltage Control: Generation and absorption of reactive power – basics of
reactive power control – Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) – brushless AC excitation system –
block diagram representation of AVR lop – static and dynamic analysis – stability compensation –
voltage drop in transmission line – methods of reactive power injection – tap changing
transformer, SVC (TCR + TSC) and STATCOM for voltage control.
UNIT-4 9 hours
Economic Operation of Power System: Statement of economic dispatch problem – input and
output characteristics of thermal plant -incremental cost curve – optimal operation of thermal units
without and with transmission losses (no derivation of transmission loss coefficients).
UNIT-5 9 hours
Unit Commitment: Introduction, need and importance of unit commitment, thermal and Hydel
constraints in unit commitment, Unit commitment solution methods-Priority list scheme method,
unit commitment problem, forward dynamic programming approach, advantages of DP method
over priority list scheme and spinning reserve.
Text Books:
1. R.N.Dhar. “Computer Aided Power system Operation and Analysis”, McGraw Hill
Education, 1987.
2. I J Nagarath and D P Kothari, “Modern Power System Analysis”, McGraw-Hill, 1993.
3. K.Uma Rao, “Computer Techniques and models in Power systems”, I. K. International,
2007
Reference Books:
1. G.L.Kusic, “Computer Aided Power System Analysis”, Taylor and Francis, 2008.
2. Prabhu Kundur, “Power system stability and control”, McGraw-Hill, 2007.
3. Abhijit Chakrabarti and Sunita Halder, “Power system Analysis, Operation and Control”,
PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2010.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course students will be able to,
CO1: State present power scenario in Indian grid and different load dispatch centers.
CO2: Discuss the fundamentals of speed governing mechanism and modeling of speed-
load characteristics.
CO3: Describe load frequency control (LFC) of single and two area system.
CO4: Illustrate different reactive power control and methods of reactive power injection.
CO5: Determine the operation schedule of the generating units at every hour interval with
varying loads under different constraints and environments.
CO6: Examine optimal operation of thermal units with and without transmission losses.
CO-PO/PSO Mapping:
PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PO PSO PSO
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2
CO1 2 2 1
CO2 2 1 2 2 2
CO3 2 2 1 2 2 2 2
CO4 1 3 2 2
CO5 2 2 2 2 3 3
CO6 2 1 1 1 1
Aver
1.8 1.5 1 2 2 1.83 2 1.83
age
Scheme of Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE):-
CIE consists of three tests each for a maximum of 45 marks. The performance of two best out of
three tests is considered and is scaled for a maximum of 20 marks.3 MCQs carries 45 marks and is
scaled down to 5 marks. Attendance 5 marks. Total 30 marks
Scheme of Semester End Examination (SEE):-
The question paper consists of one question from unit 1 and one question from unit 2, unit 3, 4
and 5 will be given with two questions of internal choice each for a maximum of 14 marks with
two to three sub divisions. The students are required to answer five full questions (1 & 2
Compulsory, 3, 4, 5 with internal choice).
