1. List the limitations of Poisson distribution.
2. Explain in brief.
1. Central Limit Theorem.
2. Binomial distribution.
3. What is Z- score normalization? Find the value of v’ where v= 68,000, mean and Standard
deviation of the attribute are 38,400 & 12,300 respectively
4. The mean of Binomial distribution is 20 and standard deviation is 4. Identify the parameters
of the distribution.
5. The number of hardware failures of a computer system in a week of operations has the
following Pdf, Evaluate the mean of the number of failures in a week.
No.of failures 0123456
Probability .18 .28 .25 .18 .06 .04 .01
6. A random variables X has the following probability distribution. Find the value of K and
P(X≥ 3)
X 0 1 2 3 4
P(x) K 3K 5K 7K 9K
7. The number of monthly breakdown of a computer is a random variable having a Poisson
distribution with mean equal to 1.8. Find the probability that this computer will function of a
month with only one breakdown
8. The probability of a candidate can pass in an examination is 0.6.
1. What is the probability that he will pass in third trial?
2. What is the probability that if he pass before third trail?
9. 20 dice are thrown. Find the approximate probability that the sum obtained is between 65
and 75 using central limit theorem.
10. A random variable X has the following probability distribution:
X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
P(x) 0 1K 2K 2K 3K k^2 2k^2 7k^2+k
1. find the a) the value of K
2. p(1.5<x<4.5/x>2)
11. A bolt is manufactured by 3 machines A, B, and C. A turns out twice as many items as B and
machines B and C produce equal number of items. 2% of bolts produced by A and B are
defective and 4% of bolts produced by C are defective. All bolts are put into 1 stock pile and
1 is chosen from this pile. What is the probability that it is defective?
12. An urn contains 10 white and 3 black balls. Another urn contains 3 white and 5 black balls.
Two balls are drawn at random from the first urn and placed in the second urn and then 1
ball is taken at random from the latter. What is the probability that it is a white ball?
13. The probability of a man hitting a target is 1.4. If he fires 7 times, what is the probability of
his hitting the target at least twice? And how many times must he fire so that the probability
of his hitting the target at least once is greater than 2/3?
14. The marks obtained by a number of students for a certain subject is assumed to be normally
distributed with mean 65 and standard deviation 5.If 3 students are taken at random from
this set Find the probability that exactly 2 of them will have marks over 70?
15. A bag contains 5 balls and it is not known how many of them are white. Two balls are drawn
at random from the bag and they are noted to be white. What is the change that all balls in
the bag are white?
16. Out of 2000 families with 4 children each , Find how many family would you expect to have
i) at least 1 boy ii) 2 boys iii) 1 or 2 girls iv) no girls
17. In an Engineering examination, a student is considered to have failed, secured second class,
first class and distinction, according as he scores less than 45%,between 45% and 60%
between 60% and 75% and above 75%respectively. In a particular year 10% of the students
failed in the examination and 5% of the students get distinction. Find the percentage of
students who have got first class and second class. Assume normal distribution of marks.
18. In a certain city , the daily consumption of electric power in millions of kilowatt hours can
be treated as a RV having Gamma distribution with parameters λ = 1⁄2 and k =3.If the power
plant of this city has a daily capacity of 12 million kilowatt – hours, Find the probability that
this power supply will be inadequate on any given day.
19. Suppose that the life of a industrial lamp in 1,000 of hours is exponentially distributed with
mean life of 3,000 hours. Find the probability that (i) The lamp last more than the mean life
(ii) The lamp last between 2,000 and 3,000 hours (iii) The lamp last another 1,000 hours
given that it has already lasted for 250 hours.
20. Assume that 50% of all engineering students are good in mathematics. Determine the
probabilities that among 18 engineering students (i) exactly 10, (ii) atleast 10 are good in
mathematics.
21. The life (in years) of a certain electrical switch has an exponential distribution with an
average life of 1/λ= 2 . If 100 of these switches are installed in different systems; find the
probability that at most 30 fail during the first year.
22. Define the conditional distribution function of two dimensional discrete and continuous
random variables.
23. The joint probability distribution of X and Y is given by p ( x , y ) =x+y/21, x=1,2,3 y = 1, 2.
Find the marginal probability distributions of X and Y .
24. What do you mean by correlation between two random variables
25. If X has mean 4 and variance 9 while Y has mean -2 and variance 5 and the two are
independent, Find Var ( 2X + Y -5 ).
26. Distinguish between correlation and regression.
27. Three balls are drawn at random without replacement from a box containing 2 white, 3 red
and 4 blue balls. If X denotes the number of white balls drawn and Y denotes the number of
red balls drawn, Identify the probability distribution of X and Y
28. A distribution with unknown mean has variance equal to 1.5. Use central limit theorem to
find how large a sample should be taken from the distribution in order that the probability
will be at least 0.95 that the sample mean will be within 0.5 of the population mean.
29. Define Markov process.
30. Consider the Markov chain with 2 states and transition probability matrix
p= 3/4 1/4
1/2 1/2
Find the stationary probabilities of the chain.
31. Three boys A, B and C are throwing a ball to each other. A always throws the ball to B and
B always throws the ball to C but C is just as likely to throw the ball to B as to A. Show that
the process is Markovian. Find the transition probability matrix and classify the states.
32. Find the transition matrix of the following transition diagram.
33. Explain whether the Markov chain with transition probability matrix P When is a Markov
chain, called Homogeneous?
