Image

Processing

Dr. Kiran TALELE

talelesir@gmail.com
Mobile :99870 30 881

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Image Compression
Image
Processing 4
Morphology

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Image Segmentation

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Image Enhancement

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Image Fundamentals

Kiran TALELE
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 Image
Fundamentals

Dr. Kiran Tulshiram Vasumati TALELE

 99 870 30 881. talelesir@gmail.com

[1] Digital Image

• Digital Image is obtained by sampling continuous
Continuous image at a regular intervals of distance
Input Output
Sampling Quantization
F(x,y) F(x,y)

180.4 181.9 .... 189.6 180 182 181 190 195 192 190 
196 197 197 200 200 199 196 
195.8 197.2 .... 196.1 
200 200 200 201 201 201 200
 
. .... . 202 202 202 201 201 201 204
. . 202 202 202 201 201 201 204
. .  
199 200 205 203 202 202 204
199 198.3 204 199 198 200 201 202 203 204


Kiran TALELE 99870 30 881 talelesir@gmail.com

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 [2] Spatial Resolution Vs Tonal Resolution
SPATIAL RESOLUTION TONAL RESOLUTION
(1) It is referred to as Sampling (1) It is referred to as Quantization
(2) It is determined by no. of (2) It is determined by no of
samples in the image gray levels in the image.
(3) Increase in spatial resolution (3) Increase in tonal resolution
increases minute details improves quality & contrast
of picture.
(4) Decrease in spatial resolution (4) Decrease in tonal resolution
gives Checker Board (i.e. gives false contour in image.
Blocking) effect.

Kiran TALELE 99870 30 881 talelesir@gmail.com

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[3] Neighbours of PIXEL

f(x-1,y)
f(x,y-1) P f(x,y+1)
f(x,y)
f(x+1,y)

N 4{p} = { f(x-1,y), f(x+1,y), f(x,y-1) and f(x,y+1) }

N D{p} = { f(x-1,y-1), f(x-1,y+1), f(x+1,y-1) f(x+1,y+1) }

N 8{p} = N 4{p} U N D{p}

Kiran TALELE 99870 30 881 talelesir@gmail.com

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 [4] Connectivity of PIXELs
• Two pixels can be connected if they are adjacent in some
sense (either in 4 direction or 8 direction way) AND their
values are almost same as given by some criteria of similarity
{ V }.

(a) 4 Point Connectivity

Kiran TALELE 99870 30 881 talelesir@gmail.com

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(b) 8 Point Connectivity

(c) Mixed Point Connectivity

Two pixels P and Q with their values from { v }
are said to be M-point connected if
(i) if P ∈ N 4{Q} OR

(ii) if P ∈ N D{Q} And N 4{P} ∩ N 4{Q} = Ø

Kiran TALELE 99870 30 881 talelesir@gmail.com

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 [5] Distance Measure
Consider two pixels P(x,y) and Q(s,t)

(i) Euclidean Distance :

De(P, Q) =

(ii) City Block Distance :

D4(P, Q) = | x-s | + | y-t |
(iii) Chessboard Distance :
D8(P, Q) = MAX (| x-s | + | y-t | )

Kiran TALELE 99870 30 881 talelesir@gmail.com

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Q1 Given Q
 0 3 0 2 3 
F=  1  V = { 1, 2, 3}
 7 2 3 1 
 0 0 1 6 4 
 
 4 2 4 7 3 
P ➔ 1 3 5 7 2 

Find De(P, Q), D4(P, Q), and D8(P, Q

Kiran TALELE 99870 30 881 talelesir@gmail.com

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 Dr. Kiran TALELE
➢ Academic : PhD
➢ Professional :
▪ Dean-Students, Alumni & External Relations
@ Bharatiya Vidya Bhavans’ Sardar Patel
Institute of Technology (SP-IT), Mumbai
▪ Co-ordinator @ Sardar Patel Technology
Business Incubator (SP-TBI), Mumbai
▪ Treasurer-IEEE Bombay Section
091-9987030881
kiran.talele@spit.ac.in / ktvtalele@gmail.com
https://www.linkedin.com/in/k-t-v-talele/
www.facebook.com/Kiran-Talele-1711929555720263

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• Dr. Kiran TALELE is an Associate Professor in Electronics &

Telecommunication Engineering Department of Bharatiya Vidya Bhavans’
Sardar Patel Institute of Technology, Mumbai with 33+ years experience in
Academics.

• He is a Dean of Students, Alumni and External Relations at Sardar Patel

Institute of Technology, Andheri Mumbai. He is also a Co-ordinator of Sardar
Patel Technology Business Incubator, Mumbai.

• His area of research is Digital Signal & Image Processing, Computer Vision,
Machine Learning and Multimedia System Design.

• He has published 85+ research papers at various national & international

refereed conferences and journals. He has published 22 patents at Indian
Patent Office. One patent is granted in 2021.

• He is a Treasurer of IEEE Bombay Section and Mentor for Startup Incubation &
Intellectual Asset Creation.

• He received incentives for excellent performance in academics

and research from Management of S.P.I.T. in 2008-09. He is a recipient of
P.R. Bapat IEEE Bombay Section Outstanding Volunteer Award 2019.

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