CLASS 6th
Chapt 1 : The Earth in the solar system
Sky after sunset studded with countless diamonds
They all appear to be twinkling.
Whereas , others are dim. Simply glowing without flicker just as Moon
You would also see moon i.e..,
Full moon night called POORNIMA ( once in a month)
Fortnight later , we cant see. Clear night or new moon night called AMAVASYA
However, we can’t see those during day time because of sun( very bright shining
object
Therefore, sun, moon and all bright objects shinning in the night sky called
CELESTIAL BODIES
A few celestial have own heat & light which emit in large amounts that made
up of gases called STARS. Sun is a one such star.
As we realize sun’s heat because it is near to us.
▪ Group of stars form various patterns called ‘constellation’.
▪ Ursa Major / Big bear is one such constellation
▪ Easily recognizable pattern is Saptarishi which is part of ursa major
▪ During night , people determine directions direction with help of North star
which is in same position everytime called pole star that located with help of
saptarishi
Some celestial bodies lit by stars called planets
Ex: earth gets heat and light from sun ( our nearest star)
If we look at earth from greater distance it is just as moon
Hence, moon is companion to our earth that moves around it.
Similarly other planets have their moon too.
Solar system:
• Sun ( head of solar sys) + 8 planets + satellites( moons)+ some other celestial
bodies known as Asteoroids and Meteoroids form the solar system/family.
The Sun :
Centre
Hot gasses
Provides pulling force that binds solar sys
Ultimate source heat ( which is tremendous) & light.
Despite nearest star , we don’t experience much heat. As is 150mn km far away
from us.
Planets :
My very efficient mother just served as nuts
All 8 moves in fixed path ( elongated) called ‘ orbits’.
Mercury is nearest to sun. takes 88days to spin along its orbit
Venus – Earth’s – twin ( size and shape)
Pluto – dwarf planet
The Earth – 3rd nearest
- 5th largest
- slightly flattened at poles
- hence, called Geoid
- earth is unique planet because of its biological provisions are only
On earth i.e.., water, air, o2 essential for survival
- Blue planet because of its 2/3rd covered with water.
The Moon :
One satellite to us
Its diameter is 1/4th of earth
3,84,400 km away. Thus, appears as near to us
Around earth one spin – 27 days
Don’t hfave life favourable conditions – air, water, o2
We cast shadows on full moon i.e mountains, plains, depressions.3
Note : human-made satellite, neil armsstrong,light = 3l km/sec
Asteroids:
TINY BODIES move around sun
found b/w mars and jupiter
scientists – parts of planet exploded years back
Meteoroids :
rock pieces move around sun
come near earth & drop due to friction with air gets heated up & burnt which
exhibts as flashes of light
without completely burnt falls on earth creates hollow.
Whitish broad band( cluster of millions of stars) across the skhy on a clear starry night
Band called Milky way galaxy – our solar system is part of such galaxy ( sys of billions
of starts, clouds of dust and gas). Millions of such galaxies made universe
Ancient days called as Akash ganga
