MATRICES • Matrix Defined • Matrix Operations 01 Matrix Defined What is a Matrix/Matrices? ● It is a mathematical object that contains a rectangular table or array of numbers or variables arranged in horizontal rows (m) and vertical columns (n) enclosed in brackets or large parentheses Dimension (m x n matrix) Dimension (m x n matrix) ● It gives the number of rows followed by the number of columns in a matrix. The order of a matrix with 3 rows and 2 columns is 3 × 2 or 3 by 2. Coefficients (or entries) of a matrix Matrix Tagging System Find the dimension of the given matrix above. Also, find its A23 and identify its row index and column index. Types of Matrices ● Column Matrix ● Row Matrix
1 x 3 Row Matrix
4 x 1 Column Matrix Types of Matrices ● Square Matrix ● Zero Matrix Practice Exercise ● Find the sizes of these matrices.
For this matrix, list these
entries: a33 , a11 , a22 , a31 , a23 02 Matrix Operation Matrix Equality A = B means: • They have the same size
• They have equal corresponding entries
Practice Exercise ● Determine which of the matrices below are equal. Practice Exercise ● Determine which of the matrices below are equal. Practice Exercise ● Solve for a11, a12, a21, and a22 in the following matrix equation. Practice Exercise ● a11 = 2, ● a12 = –1, ● a21 = –3, and ● a22 = 0. Matrix Addition and Subtraction ● Matrices of same dimension can be added or subtracted ● To add or subtract matrices, just add or subtract the corresponding entries.
Add entries in each spot. Matrix Addition and Subtraction ● Matrices of same dimension can be added or subtracted ● To add or subtract matrices, just add or subtract the corresponding entries.
Subtract entries in Note: … and the Answer
each spot. is the same size! Practice Exercise Find: ● A+B
● A–B Practice Exercise Solve the following: Practice Exercise Solve the following: -8 4 -9 15 6 7
cannot be solved!
3 -4 8 -13 Matrix Multiplication Two (2) general categories: • Scalar in which a single number is multiplied with every entry of a matrix • Find 2A Matrix Multiplication • Scalar Practice Exercise Given:
Reqmnt:
Solution: Matrix Multiplication Two (2) general categories: ● Multiplication of an entire matrix by another entire matrix is
possible if, and only if, the number of columns in the first matrix equals the number of rows in the second matrix. ● Find AB Matrix Multiplication Note: The size is very important! Matrix Multiplication Matrix Multiplication Matrix Multiplication Matrix Multiplication Matrix Multiplication Matrix Multiplication Matrix Multiplication Matrix Multiplication Matrix Multiplication Matrix Multiplication Solve : Answer Matrix Multiplication Solve :
Answer Matrix Multiplication Solve :
Answer Practice Exercise Find: ● BA Transpose of a Matrix ● Interchange rows and columns ● r x c matrix M → c x r matrix MT
A matrix which is formed by
turning all the rows of a given matrix into columns and vice-versa. The transpose of matrix A is written AT. Transpose of a Matrix 1 2 3 Original Matrix A= 4 5 6
1 4 Transpose of a Matrix AT = 2 5 3 6 Practice Exercise Find: ● AT
