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MIS2023-Lecture 4

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Ebtsam Dosoky
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
17 views21 pages

MIS2023-Lecture 4

Uploaded by

Ebtsam Dosoky
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture 4

1
Global E-business
&
Collaboration (Cont.)

2
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
Types of Information Systems (Cont.)-
System from a Constituency Perspective

 Transaction Processing Systems: supporting operational level


employees
 Management Information Systems and Decision-Support
Systems: supporting managers
 Executive Support Systems: supporting executives

3
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
Types of Information Systems (Cont.)-
Relationship of Systems to one another

 TPS: Major source of data for


other systems
‫هو المصدر الرئيسى لالنظمه االخرى‬
 ESS: Recipient of data from lower-
level systems
 Data may be exchanged between
systems
‫البيانات يمكن ان تتبادل بين االنظمه وبعضها‬
 In reality, most business systems
are only loosely integrated (but
they are getting better!)
4
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
Types of Information Systems (Cont.)-
5. Enterprise Applications

 Systems for linking the enterprise


 Span functional areas ‫تغطي مجاالت وظيفية متعددة‬
 Execute business processes across firm
 Include all levels of management
 Four major applications:
1. Enterprise Systems
2. Supply Chain Management Systems
3. Customer Relationship Management Systems
4. Knowledge Management Systems
5
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
Types of Information Systems (Cont.)-
5. Enterprise Applications (Cont.)- Architecture

 Enterprise applications automate processes that span multiple business functions


and organizational levels and may extend outside the organization.
‫ تعمل تطبيقات المؤسسة على أتمتة العمليات التي تغطي وظائف عمل ومستويات تنظيمية متعددة وقد تمتد خارج‬
6 .‫المؤسسة‬
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
Types of Information Systems (Cont.)-
5. Enterprise Applications (Cont.)- 5.1. Enterprise System

 Collects data from different firm functions and stores data in a single
central data repository
‫– يجمع البيانات من وظائف الشركة المختلفة ويخزن البيانات في مستودع بيانات مركزي واحد‬

 Resolves problem of fragmented, redundant data sets and systems


‫– يحل مشكلة مجموعات وأنظمة البيانات المكررة والمجزأة‬

 Enable:
– Coordination of daily activities ‫تنسيق األنشطة اليومية‬
– Efficient response to customer orders (production, inventory)
)‫ المخزون‬، ‫– استجابة فعالة ألوامر العمالء (اإلنتاج‬
– Provide valuable information for improving management decision making
‫– توفير معلومات قيمة لتحسين عملية صنع القرار اإلداري‬
7
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
Types of Information Systems (Cont.)-
5. Enterprise Applications (Cont.)-
5.2. Supply Chain Management System (SCM)

 Manage firm’s relationships with suppliers

 Share information about


– Orders, production, inventory levels, delivery of products and services
‫ الطلبات واإلنتاج ومستويات المخزون وتسليم المنتجات والخدمات‬:‫• مشاركة المعلومات حول‬

 Goal:
– The right amount of products to destination with least amount of time
and lowest cost
‫• الكمية المناسبة من المنتجات إلى المكان المتجهه إليه بأقل قدر من الوقت وبأقل تكلفة‬

8
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
Types of Information Systems (Cont.)-
5. Enterprise Applications (Cont.)-
5.3. Customer Relationship Management System (CRM)

 Customer relationship management (CRM) is a technology for


managing all your company’s relationships and interactions with
customers and potential customers.
 The goal is simple: Improve business relationships to grow your
business.
 A CRM system helps companies stay connected to customers,
streamline processes, and improve profitability.
.‫الشركات على البقاء على اتصال مع العمالء وتبسيط العمليات وتحسين الربحية‬CRM ‫يساعد نظام‬ 

9
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
Types of Information Systems (Cont.)-
5. Enterprise Applications (Cont.)-
5.4. Knowledge Management System (KMS)
 Support processes for acquiring, creating, storing, distributing,
applying, integrating knowledge
– Example: How to create, produce, distribute products and services
‫ كيفية إنشاء المنتجات والخدمات‬:‫ مثال‬.‫ تدعم العمليات التجارية الكتساب وخلق وتخزين وتوزيع المعرفة وتطبيقها ودمجها‬
‫وإنتاجها وتوزيعها‬

 Collect internal knowledge and experience within the firm and


make it available to employees
‫ جمع المعرفة والخبرة الداخلية داخل الشركة وإتاحتها للموظفين‬

 Link to external sources of knowledge (ex., Internet)


)‫ االرتباط بمصادر المعرفة الخارجية (مثل اإلنترنت‬
10
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
Increasing Integration & Expedite of the Flow of Information
‫زيادة تكامل وتسريع تدفق المعلومات‬
 Alternative tools that increase integration and expedite the flow of
information
– Intranets
• Internal company Web sites accessible only by employees
– Extranets
• Company Web sites accessible externally only to vendors and suppliers
‫– يمكن الوصول إلى مواقع الويب الخاصة بالشركة خارج ًيا فقط للبائعين والموردين‬
• Often used to coordinate supply chain
– E-business
• Use of digital technology and Internet to drive major business
processes
‫– استخدام التكنولوجيا الرقمية واإلنترنت لدفع العمليات التجارية الكبرى‬

11
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
Increasing Integration & Expedite of the Flow of Information (Cont.)

– E-commerce
• Subset of e-business
• Buying and selling goods and services through Internet

– E-government
• Using Internet technology to deliver information and services to
citizens, employees, and businesses
‫– استخدام تقنية اإلنترنت لتوصيل المعلومات والخدمات للمواطنين والموظفين والشركات‬

12
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
System for Collaboration & Teamwork

 Business benefits of collaboration and teamwork


‫الفوائد التجارية للتعاون والعمل الجماعي‬ 
– Investments in collaboration technology can produce organizational
improvements returning high Return on Investment (ROI)
‫– يمكن أن تؤدي االستثمارات في تكنولوجيا التعاون إلى تحسينات تنظيمية تعود بعائد استثمار مرتفع‬
– Benefits:
• Productivity ‫إنتاجية‬
• Quality ‫جودة‬
• Innovation ‫إبتكار‬
• Customer service ‫خدمة العمالء‬
• Financial performance ‫األداء المالي‬
– Profitability, sales, sales growth ‫الربحية والمبيعات ونمو المبيعات‬

13
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
System for Collaboration & Teamwork (Cont.)

 Collaboration
– Short-lived or long-term ‫تعاون قصير المدى أو طويل المدى‬
– Informal or formal (teams) ‫رسمي أو غير رسمي‬
 Growing Importance of Collaboration ‫تزايد أهمية التعاون‬
– Changing nature of work ‫تغيير طبيعة العمل‬
– Growth of professional work – “interaction jobs”"‫ "وظائف التفاعل‬- ‫نمو العمل المهني‬
– Changing organization of the firm ‫تغيير تنظيم الشركة‬
– Changing scope of the firm ‫تغيير نطاق الشركة‬
– Emphasis on innovation ‫التركيز على اإلبتكار‬
– Changing culture of work ‫تغيير ثقافة العمل‬

14
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
System for Collaboration & Teamwork (Cont.)-
Requirements for Collaboration

 Successful collaboration requires an appropriate organizational structure


and culture, along with appropriate collaboration technology.
.‫ جنبًا إلى جنب مع تكنولوجيا التعاون المناسبة‬،‫يتطلب التعاون الناجح بنية تنظيمية وثقافة مناسبة‬ 
15
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
System for Collaboration & Teamwork (Cont.)

 Building a Collaborative Culture & Business Processes


‫بناء ثقافة تعاونية وعمليات تجارية‬ 

1. “Command and control” organizations ‫منظمات "القيادة والسيطرة‬


• No value placed on teamwork or lower-level participation in decisions
‫ ال توجد قيمة تُعطى للعمل الجماعي أو المشاركة على مستوى أدنى في القرارات‬.1
2. Collaborative business culture organizations
‫– منظمات مبنية على ثقافة األعمال التعاونية‬
• Senior managers rely on teams of employees
‫• يعتمد كبار المديرين على تقسيم الموظفين إلى شكل فرق جماعية‬
• Policies, products, designs, processes, systems rely on teams
‫• السياسات والمنتجات والتصاميم والعمليات واألنظمة تعتمد على هذه الفرق الجماعية‬
• Managers purpose is to build teams
‫• هدف المديرين في هذه المنظمات هو بناء تلك الفرق الجماعية‬

16
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
System for Collaboration & Teamwork (Cont.)-
Technology for Collaboration & Teamwork

 15 Categories of Collaborative Software Tools


‫ فئة من أدوات البرمجيات التعاونية‬15 –
Email and instant messaging, White boarding, Collaborative writing, Web
presenting, Collaborative reviewing, Work scheduling, Event scheduling,
Document sharing /wikis, File sharing, Mind mapping, Screen sharing, Large
audience Webinars ‫ندوات عبر األنترنت لجمهور كبير‬, Audio conferencing, Co-browsing
‫مشاركة التصفح‬, and Video conferencing.
 Social Networking
 Wikis
 Virtual Worlds
 Internet-Based Collaboration Environments
– Virtual meeting systems (telepresence)
– Google Apps/Google sites
– Microsoft SharePoint
– Lotus Notes
17
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
System for Collaboration & Teamwork (Cont.)-
Technology for Collaboration & Teamwork (Cont.)

 Two Dimensions of Collaboration Technologies


1. Space (or location) – remote or co-located )‫المكان أو الموقع (بعيد أو مشترك‬
2. Time – synchronous or asynchronous ‫ متزامن أو غير متزامن‬- ‫الوقت‬
 Six Steps in Evaluating Software Tools
1. What are your firm’s collaboration challenges?
2. What kinds of solutions are available?
3. Analyze available products’ cost and benefits
4. Evaluate security risks
5. Consult users for implementation and training issues
6. Evaluate product vendors

18
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
System for Collaboration & Teamwork (Cont.)-
The Time/Space Collaboration Tool Matrix

 Collaboration technologies can be classified in terms of whether they support


interactions at the same or different time or place whether these interactions are
remote or co-located.
‫ سواء كانت هذه التفاعالت‬، ‫يمكن تصنيف تقنيات التعاون من حيث ما إذا كانت تدعم التفاعالت في نفس الوقت أو في وقت أو مكان مختلف‬ 
.‫بعيدة أو مشتركة‬
19
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
The Information Systems Function in Business-
Information System Department
 Formal organizational unit responsible for information technology
services
‫هو الوحدة التنظيمية الرسمية المسؤولة عن خدمات تكنولوجيا المعلومات‬ 

 Often headed by chief information officer (CIO)


̶ Other senior positions include chief security officer (CSO), chief
knowledge officer (CKO), chief privacy officer (CPO)
،‫ وكبير مسؤولي المعرفة‬،‫ تشمل المناصب العليا األخرى كبير مسؤولي األمن‬: ‫غالبًا ما يرأسه كبير مسؤولي المعلومات‬ 
‫وكبير مسؤولي الخصوصية‬

 Programmers ‫المبرمجين‬
 Systems Analysts ‫محللي النظم‬
 Information Systems Managers ‫مدراء نظم المعلومات‬

20
Management Information Systems
Global E-Business & Collaboration (Cont.)-
Business Processes & Information Systems (Cont.)-
The Information Systems Function in Business-
Information System Department (Cont.)

 End users
̶ Representatives of other departments for whom applications are
developed ‫ممثلي اإلدارات األخرى التي يتم تطوير التطبيقات لها‬
̶ Increasing role in system design, development
‫• الدور الذي يقدموه هو الزيادة في تصميم وتطوير النظام‬
 IT Governance ‫حوكمة تكنولوجيا المعلومات‬
̶ Strategies and policies for using IT in the organization
‫• استراتيجيات وسياسات استخدام تكنولوجيا المعلومات في المنظمة‬
̶ Decision rights ‫حقوق القرار‬
̶ Accountability ‫المسئولية‬
̶ Organization of information systems function ‫تنظيم وظيفة نظم المعلومات‬
• Centralized, decentralized, etc. ‫مركزية أو المركزية‬

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