(Deemed to be University) Anantapur Campus Interdisciplinary Minor, UDSC-201 Probability and Statistics, Practice Questions, September 2024 07/08/2024
1. Variable which can assume each and every value within a given range: a) Discrete variable b) Random variable c) Continuous variable 2. A Random Variable X can take only two values, 4 and 5 such that P(4) = 0.32 and P(5) = 0.47. Determine the Variance of X. a) 8.21 b) 12 c) 3.7 3. Let Z = (X, Y ) be a bivariate normal random variable. Then, which of the following statements is false? a) X and Y are independent if and only if they are uncorrelated. b) X + Y is univariate normal c) X + Y and X − Y are independent 4. Marginal probability of independent and dependent events should be a) One b) Same c) Different 5. In binomial probability distributions, the dependents of standard deviations must includes: a) Probability of q b) Probability of p c) Both a and b 6. The distribution whose function is calculated by considering the Bernoulli trials that are infinite in number is classified as : a) Negative poisson distribution b) Common probability distribution c) Negative binomial probability distribution 7. The distribution curve of Z is a) Asymmetrical b) Symmetrical c) None of the above 8. Let x be a continuous random variable which shows the temperature that is measured. The range of temperature varies from 1 to 100 degree celcius and the probability density function of X be f( x) = 0.01 for 0 ≤ X ≤ 100 : the mean of X is a) 5.0 b) 25 c) 50 9. If b is a constant the then v(b)= a)1 b) ± 1 c) none of these d) 0 10. If X and Y is a random variable then cov (x,y)= a) E(xy)+E(x+y) b) E(x-E(x)).(y-E(y)) c) E(xy)-E(x+y) d) E(x+E(x)).(y+E(y)) 11. All binomial distribution a. Variance ≤ mean b. Variance ≥ mean c. Variance > mean d. Variance < mean 12. Poisson distribution is proceeding to limit as a. λ→0 b. λ→-∞ c. λ→∞ d. None of these 13. The mode of the normal distribution is (a) µ (b) π (c) λ² (d) π² 14. When z>0, ∅(z)= (a) ∅(z) (b) 1-∅(z) (c) 1 (d)-1 15. In which distribution finds large application in statistical quality control in industry for setting control limits? (a) Binomial (b) Chi-square (c) Normal (d) Poisson 16. The total area under normal probability curve is …………… (a) 0 (b) -1 (c) 3 (d) 1 17. The difference between two Poisson variate is ………………. . (a) a poisson variate (b) not a poisson variate (c) normal variate (d) not a normal variate 18. Write the importance of normal distribution. 19. Write two chief characteristic of normal distribution. 20. Comment on the following . The mean of the binomial distribution is 3 and variance is 4. 21. If X is a normal variate with mean 30 and standard deviation is 5 then find the probability that 26≤x≤40. 22. If X is a Poisson variate with P[ X =1] = P[X=2] then mean of X is… A) 1 B) 4 C) 3 D) 2 23. The Poisson distribution is limiting case of binomial distribution when p→ 0 and … A) n → 0 B) n → C) n → p D) n → 1/2 24. Which of the following distribution has lack of memory property? A) Poisson distribution B) Geometric distribution C) Binomial distribution D) none of these 25. If X ~ NBD(k, p) then mean of X is … A) kp B) pq C) k/p D) kq/p 26. If X ~ NBD(k, p) it reduces to geometric distribution if … A) k =1 B) k =0 C) p =1 D) p = 0 27. If X is number of failures before kth success, then X follows……. distribution. A) Poisson B) Geometric C) Negative Binomial D) None of these 28. If p.d.f of continuous random variable X is f(x) = 1/2 , if 3 < x < 5 and F(x) be the cdf of X then F(6) is….. A) 1 B) –1 C) 0 D) infinity
29. If X is a continuous random variable with p.d.f. f(x) then ∫ f(x)dx = ………
A) ½ B) 0 C) D) 1 30. Standard deviation of a Poisson random variable is 3. Then its distribution is (a) P(3) (b) P(6) (c) P(9) (d) P(12) 31. If F(x) be the distribution function of continuous random variable X then P(4 x 10) is equal to: A) F(10) – F(4) B) F(10) + F(4) C) F(4) – F(10) D) F(10)* F(4) 32. Which of the following is not a condition for Poisson approximation of binomial? (a) n is large (b) p is small (c) np = λ is small (d) np = λ is a constant 33. If X and Y are two independent continuous random variables with mean of X is 5 and mean of Y is 2 then E(XY) is… A) 0 B) 7 C) 3 D) 10 34. The joint cumulative distribution function of X and Y i.e. F(x,y) =… A) P(X = x, Y= y) B) P(X x, Y y) C) P(X x, Y y) D) P(X x, Y y) 35. If V(X) = V(Y) = Cov(X, Y) then r(X, Y) is ------- A) 1 B) V(X) C) – 1 D) 1/(V(X) 36. If F(x,y) be the joint cumulative distribution function(c.d.f.) of X and Y then it lies in the interval… A) [–1, 0] B) [–1, 1] C) [0, 1] D) [0, –1] 37. If X and Y are two independent continuous random variables then … A) Covariance (X,Y) = 0 B) Correlation(X,Y) = 0 C) E(XY) = E(X).E(Y) D) All of these 38. For bivariate continuous random variable (X,Y) which of the following is not true ? A) Cov(X,Y) = Cov(Y, X) B) Cov(–X, –X) = Cov(X, X) C) Cov(X,3) = Cov(3, Y) D) Cov(–X, –Y) = – Cov(X, Y) 39. If Joint p.d.f. of X and Y is f(x,y) = 3 – x – y; 0 < x < 1 ; 0 < y < 1 then marginal distribution of y is…. A) f(y) = 2.5 – y B) f(y) = y – 2.5 C) f(y) = 3 – y D) f(y) = 3 40. IF X and Y are independent continuous random variables, then… A) E (Y|X) = E(X) B) E(X|Y) =E(Y) C) V(Y|X) = V(X) D) E(Y|X) =E(Y) 41. A fair coin is tossed three times. Let X be the random variable which is one if the f irst throw is T (for tails) and the third throw is H (for heads), zero otherwise. Let Y denote the random variable that is one if the second and third throws are both H, zero otherwise. The covariance, Cov(X,Y ) is (a) 1/8 (b) −1/8 (c) 1/16 (d) −1/16 (e) 1/32 42. A fair coin is tossed three times. Let X be the random variable which is one if the first throw is T (for tails) and the third throw is H (for heads), zero otherwise. Let Y denote the random variable that is one if the second and third throws are both H, zero otherwise. The correlation, ρ(X,Y ) is (a) 0 (b) 1/3 (c) −1/3 (d) 1/8 (e) −1/8 43. Which of the following is equal to Var(2X−3Y), where X and Y are random variables on S? (a) 4Var(X) +9Var(Y) (b) 2Var(X)−3Var(Y) (c) 2Var(X)+ 3Var(Y) (d) 4Var(X)−9Var(Y) 44. Steve says “I have two children, one of which is a boy”. Given this information, what is the probability that Steve has two boys? (A) 1/2 (B) 1/3 (C) 2/3 (D) 1/4 (E) None of the above. 45. There are 8 different kinds of prizes given at a carnival game. If we select 4 prizes from a bin returning each one after it is selected, how many different outcomes of prizes are in the sample space? (A) 48 (B) 84 (C) 32 (D) 4 (E) 8 46. Which of the following statements is/are true? I. Independent events can be disjoint II. If two events are not disjoint, then they must be independent III. If two events are independent, then they not must be disjoint (A) III only. (B) II and III only. (C) I and III only. (D) I, II, and III. (E) II only 47. Which of the following is considered a discrete random variable? (A) The number of ounces of coke in a 12oz can (B) The number of headaches experienced in a day at EHS (C) The amount of time it takes for a car to start (D) The amount of carbon monoxide in the air (in moles) (E) All of the above are discrete 48. If events C and D are disjoint, what is ( P C |D )? (A) P(C) (B) P(D) (C) P(C) + P(D) (D) 0 (E) 1 49. State Bayes’ theorem. 50. A standard deck of 52 cards is acquired. For those who do not know, a deck of cards contains 4 suits (hearts, diamonds, clubs, and spades). Hearts and diamonds are red, clubs and spades are black. There are 13 denominations of cards (2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10, Jack, Queen, King, and Ace). 4 (i) If you select two cards not replacing each one after it is selected, what is the probability that you select a black card and a red card? (ii) If you select two cards without replacing each one after it is selected, what is the probability that you select at least one ace? 51. A local street contains 7 street lights. The probability that any one street light does not work is 0.30. What is the probability that at least one does not work? (A) 0.0002 (B) 0.9998 (C) 0.0824 (D) 0.9176 (E) 0.9563 52. Which of the following is not a qualification for a random variable to be classified as geometric? (A) There are two outcomes (B) There are a fixed number of trials (C) The probability of success is constant (D) The trials are independent (E) The probability of failure is constant 53. Which of these follows a binomial model? (A) The number of black cards drawn from a deck until an ace is found (B) The color of the cars in a parking lot (C) Your mom (D) The number of people we survey until we find one who owns an iPod (E) The number of hits a baseball player gets in 6 times at bat 54. Which of these follows a geometric model? (A) The number of black cards present in a hand of 10 cards (B) The color of the cars in a parking lot (C) Seriously, your mom (D) The number of people we survey until we find one who owns an iPod (E) The number of hits a baseball player gets in 6 times at bat 55. Ten percent of all trucks undergoing a certain inspection will fail the inspection. Assume that trucks are independently undergoing this inspection one at a time. The expected number of trucks inspected before a truck fails inspection is (A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 5 (D) 10 (E) 20 56. The events having no experimental outcomes in common is called: (a) Equally likely events (b) Exhaustive events (c) Mutually exclusive events (d) Independent events 57. An arrangement of objects without regard to order is called: (a) Permutation (b) Combination (c) Random experiment (d) Sample point 58. When each outcome of a sample space is as likely to occur as any other, the outcomes are called: (a) Exhaustive (b) Mutually exclusive (c) Equally likely (d) Not mutually exclusive 59. When the occurrence of one event has no effect on the probability of the occurrence of another event, the events are called: (a) Independent (b) Dependent (c) Mutually exclusive (d) Equally likely 60. An arrangement in which the order of the objects selected from a specific pool of objects is important called: (a) Combination (b) Permutation (c) Factorial (d) Sample space 61. A bag contains 4 white and 2 black balls of the same size and weight, and two balls are selected at random without replacement, the possible selections are: (a) 6 (b) 4 (c) 36 (d) 15 62. Given P(A) = 0.4, P(B) = 0.5 and P(A⋃B)=0.9,then: (a) A and B are not mutually exclusive events (b) A and B are equally likely events (c) A and Bare independent events (d) A and B are mutually exclusive events 63. If P(B/A) = 0.50 and P(A⋂B) = 0.40, then p(A) will be equal to: (a) 0.40 (b) 0.50 (c) 0.80 (d) 1 64. If P(A/B) = P(A) and P(B/A)=P(B), then A and B are: (a) Mutually exclusive (b) Dependent (c) Equally likely (d) Independent 65. The joint pdf of X and Y is f(x y) = Ax3y3 , 0< =x, y<= 2. The value of A is (a) 1/ 4 (b) 1/ 8 (c) 1/ 16 (d) 1/ 32 66. The distribution that can be used to model number of trials required to get r success in independent trials with constant probability of success is (a) Binomial distribution (b) Poisson distribution (c) Bernoulli distribution (d) Negative binomial distribution 67. Which of the following distribution have lack of memory property. (a) Geometric (b) Exponential (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) nor (b). 68. If X is a continuous random variable uniformly distributed with mean 6 and variance 3, then P(X > 9) is (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 0.25 (d) 0.5 69. Normal distribution is symmetric about (a) Mean (b) Median (c) Mode (d) All the above 70. For a standard normal distribution (a) µ = 0 (b) σ =1 (c) µ = 0 or σ =1 (d) µ =0 and σ =1 71. Under a normal curve 95.45% of the items lies between (a) µ−σ and µ+σ (b) µ−2σ and µ+2σ (c) µ−3σ and µ+3σ (d) µ−4σ and µ+4σ 72. In a standard normal curve, the area between-2 and +2 is (a) 0.4772 (b) 0.9544 (c) 0.0456 (d) 0.4544 73.The number of traffic accidents that occur on a particular stretch of road during a month follows a Poisson distribution with mean 7.4. Find the probability that fewer than three accidents will occur next month on this stretch of road. A)0.021871 B)0.978129 C) 0.063153 D)0.936847 74. Number of four–digit numbers that can be formed from digits 1, 2 and 3, if each four–digit number must be odd is (choose one) (A) 27 (B) 35 (C) 44 (D) 54 (E) 67 75. If 𝑉 (𝑌 ) = 6, then 𝑉(2𝑌 −4) = ----=- (i) 8 (ii) 16 (iii) 20 (iv) 24 (v) 32 76. Average of 𝜆=7 particles hit a magnetic detection field per microsecond. What is probability at most 5 particles hit in one micro second? (i)0.231 (ii)0.254 (iii)0.273 (iv)0.293 (v)0.301 77. Gamma function evaluated at 6 is Γ(6) = ---- (i) 6 (ii) 24 (iii) 120 (iv) 720 (v) 5040 78. For a Beta random variable, parameters (𝛼, 𝛽) = (4.5,6.5), 𝜇 = (i) 0.409 (ii) 0.419 (iii) 0.429 (iv) 0.439 (v) 0.449 79. There are 9 different faculty members and 3 subjects: mathematics, statistics and physics. There is a 60%, 35% and 15% chance a faculty member teaches mathematics, statistics and physics, respectively. Let 𝑌1, 𝑌2 and 𝑌3 represent number of faculty teaching mathematics, statistics and physics, respectively. Then 𝑉 (𝑌1 + 3𝑌2) = ------ (i) 9.0475 (ii) 9.1475 (iii) 9.2475 (iv) 9.3475 (v) 9.4475 80. Heights of college women have a distribution that can be approximated by a normal curve with a mean of 65 inches and a standard deviation equal to 3 inches. About what proportion of college women are between 65 and 67 inches tall? A. 0.75 B. 0.50 C. 0.25 D. 0.17 81. Write two chief characteristics of normal distribution. 82. State Bayes’ theorem. 83. Define Weibull Random Variable. 84. Define Lognormal distribution. 85. State the difference between Erlang and Gamma distributions. 86. What do you mean by Normal approximation to Poisson distribution. 87. State the relation between Binomial, Poisson and Normal distributions. 88. Define Sample Variance. 89. Which distribution can be defined in both discrete and continuous random variables? 90. Define Joint, Marginal and Conditional probability distributions with respect to continuous random variable.
