1.2.

5 Integration by parts ‫ئ‬hQ* ($ '&()* ‫ا‬

When? : ‫ت ا‬+ - ‫دى ا‬-‫ا‬ 3 ‫ دم‬# ‫دى أھم طرق ا ل و‬-‫إ‬

( .‫ا‬ ‫ )ا‬%&' ‫أى‬ * # ‫رب دا ن س‬- ‫ل‬ •
.* ‫ل دا و دة ر روف‬ •
( %&' * # * ‫رب & دوال )ا ن‬- ‫ل‬ •
How?

‫ وھ‬u # ‫داھ‬-‫ م دا ل ا ل إ دا ن إ‬# & # #‫د أ‬ ‫ رة‬5 ‫ا‬

& ‫ن‬ ‫ ھ دا‬dv ‫ رى‬2‫ا دا ا‬ ‫ل‬ 5 ‫دا‬

∫ udv = uv − ∫ vdu
‫<ى طر‬ #- ‫ & و م‬2‫ط ن ا‬# ‫ن أ‬ ‫ ا‬3‫لا دد‬ ‫و ون ا‬

Case 1: oQ C ‫ وف‬5 ‫ اھ‬9‫ ا‬I ‫‚ ب دا‬ C

(' %‫( أ‬A.<(=e) u B‫( ھ‬A.#Qe (A.&()> s2/*Let ‫ا‬9 ‫ا‬
Example 9

Evaluate the following integrals;

a)
∫ x ln(x )dx
2
b)
∫ x tan −1
( x )dx

∫
c) x tanh ( x ) dx
2 −1

Solution

a)
∫x 2
ln ( x ) dx

B‫ ھ‬.‫ئ‬XL ‫ م ا‬N 8k 3 P‫ و‬VU;T ‫ اى‬oB P ‡Aeh‫ و‬I P‫ و‬p I ‫‡ دا‬Ae B‫ھ‬

u ‫ن‬A C‫ و‬p>‫ أ‬oQ‚ ck 3 P‫ و‬oQ C ‫ وف‬5 ln( x ) V ‫‡ دا‬Ae

25
 u = ln( x ) dv = x 2 dx
1
& 5 &
1 x3
du = dx v=
x 2 3

x3  x3  1  x3 x2
I=
3
ln( x ) −
∫    dx =
 3  x 
  3
ln( x ) −
∫ 3
dx

x3 x3
= ln( x ) − +c
3 9

b)
∫ x tan −1
( x )dx

u = tan −1 ( x ) dv = xdx
1
& 5 &
1 x2
du = dx v=
x2 + 1 2 2

x2  x2  1 
I=
2
tan −1 ( x ) −
∫ 
 2


  x 2 + 1 dx

x2 1 1
=
2
tan −1 ( x ) −
2
1− 2
x +1 ∫ dx V A4 V 8U B‫ ھ‬BQ T
x2
=
2
1
(
tan −1 ( x ) − x − tan −1 ( x ) + c
2
)

c)
∫x 2
tanh −1 ( x ) dx

u = tanh −1 ( x ) dv = x 2 dx
1
& 5 &
1 x3
du = dx v=
1 − x2 2 3

26
 x3 1 x3
I=
3
tanh −1 ( x ) −
3 ∫ 1 − x dx 2

x3
= tanh −1 (x ) − 1 ∫ − x + x 2
dx
3 3 1− x
x3 1  x2 1 
=
3
tanh −1 ( x ) −  −
3 2 2
− ln 1 − x 2  + c ( )


Case 2: ‫ ود‬9 ‫ ة‬v[ ‫ اھ‬9‫ وا‬oQ C I e ‫ [;ھ‬I ‫‚ ب دا‬ C

u B‫( ھ‬A.#Qe polynomial ‫ود‬9v ‫ ة ا‬21N ‫ا‬9 ‫ا‬
Example 9

Evaluate the following integrals;

a)
∫ (x + 3) e dx x
b)
∫ (2 x + 3) sin(3 x )dx
∫
c) x csc ( x ) dx 2
∫
d) x cos(2 x ) dx
2

f) (x + 1)cosh(2 x )dx
∫
e) x sinh( x ) dx
2
∫ 2

Solution

a)
∫ (x + 3) e x
dx

u= x+3 1 dv = e x dx
& 5 &
du = dx v = ex
2
I = ( x + 3 )e − x
∫ e dx
x

= ( x + 3 )e x − e x + c

27
 b)
∫ (2 x + 3) sin(3 x )dx
u = 2x + 3 dv = sin(3 x )dx
1
& 5 &
−1
du = 2dx v= cos (3 x )
3
2

 −1 2
I = (2 x + 3 )  cos (3 x ) +
 3  3 ∫
cos(3 x )dx

 −1 2
= (2 x + 3 )  cos(3 x ) + sin(3 x ) + c
 3  9

c)
∫ x csc 2 ( x ) dx

u= x dv = csc 2 ( x )dx
1
& 5 &
du = dx v = − cot ( x )
2
I = − x cot ( x ) +
∫ cot (x )dx
= − x cot ( x ) + ln(sin( x )) + c

d)
∫x 2
cos(2 x ) dx

u = x2 dv = cos(2 x )dx
1
& 5 &
1
du = 2 x dx v= sin (2 x )
2
2

x2
I=
2
sin(2 x ) −
∫ x sin(2 x )dx
I1
by parts ‫ئ‬XL P rP 89 H e e L ‫ا‬ ‫ ا‬B‫ھ‬
28
For I1
u= x dv = sin(2 x )dx
1
& 5 &
−1
du = dx v= cos (2 x )
2
2
−x 1
I1 =
2
cos (2 x ) +
2 ∫
cos (2 x )dx

−x 1
= cos (2 x ) + sin(2 x )
2 4
3QwD‫ا‬ ‫ ا‬3> ~eA5 Q ‫د‬A5k ‫ن‬D‫ا‬
x2 −x 1 
∴I = sin(2 x ) −  cos (2 x ) + sin(2 x ) + c
2  2 4 

e)
∫ x 2 sinh( x ) dx

u = x2 dv = sinh( x )dx
1
& 5 &
du = 2 x dx v = cosh( x )
2

∫
I = x cosh( x ) − 2 x cosh( x )dx
2

I1
For I1
u= x dv = cosh( x )dx
1
& 5 &
du = dx v = sinh( x )
2
I 1 = x sinh( x ) −
∫ sinh(x )dx = x sinh(x ) − cosh(x )
∴ I = x 2 cosh( x ) − 2( x sinh ( x ) − cosh( x )) + c
29
f)
∫ (x + 1)cosh(2 x )dx
2

u = x2 + 1 dv = cosh(2 x )dx
1
& 5 &
1
du = 2 x dx v= sinh (2 x )
2
2

 x2 + 1
I = 
 2
 sinh(2 x ) −

 ∫ x sinh(2 x )dx
I1
For I1
u= x dv = sinh(2 x )dx
1
& 5 &
1
du = dx v= cosh (2 x )
2
2

1
∫
x
I1 = cosh(2 x ) − cosh(2 x )dx
2 2
x 1
= cosh(2 x ) − sinh(2 x )
2 4

 x2 + 1 1
 sinh(2 x ) −  cosh(2 x ) − sinh(2 x ) + c
x
∴ I =  
 2  2 4 

30
Case 3: ‫ ود‬9 ‫ ة‬v[ ‡ACh‫ و‬oQ C I e ‫ [;ھ‬I ‫‚ ب دا‬ C
CL=e ‫) ر‬2; '&()* ‫*(رھ( >*=(<' او >*)(&' وا‬Ke x)+ (+A,& ‫أى دا‬
Example 10

Evaluate the following integrals;

a)
∫ sin(x ) e dx x
∫
b) e − x cos ( x ) dx

∫
c) sin( x ) cosh( x ) dx
∫
d) cosh( x ) cos( x ) dx

Solution

a)
∫ sin(x ) e x
dx

[ s ‫ ون‬P C ‫ ى‬N ‫ ‚ وا‬c C ‫ ة‬9‫ ر اى وا‬Nk B‫ھ‬

u = sin ( x ) dv = e x dx
1
& 5 &
du = cos( x ) dx v = ex
2
I = e sin( x ) −
x
∫e x
cos ( x ) dx

I1
For I1

3> V ‫ع ا ا‬Ak •ck ‫ ام‬N O‫ ا‬7Le B‫ ھ‬V k v ‫ ة ا‬Q ‫ئ‬XL ‫ ام ا‬N O‫ ا‬BT Ž9h
pe‫ ا‬B‫ ھ‬3 P‫ و‬V vQv ‫ ا‬V ‫ ‚ ا ا‬c P B U ‫ اول ة‬3> 3B5 P . ‫ ض وا‬c ‫ا‬
V vQv ‫ ‚ اا‬ck

u = cos ( x ) dv = e x dx
1
& 5 &
du = − sin( x ) dx v = ex
2

31
∴ I 1 = e x cos ( x ) +
∫e x
sin ( x )dx = e x cos ( x ) + I

‫{ره‬A‫ا *)(&' ا!]' >) ر ظ‬

3QwD‫ ا‬qC B ‫ ا‬3> ‫ن‬D‫~ ا‬eA5 P

(
I = e x sin( x ) − e x cos ( x ) + I )
∴ 2 I = e x sin( x ) − e x cos( x )
1
(
∴ I = e x sin( x ) − e x cos ( x ) + c
2
)

b)
∫e −x
cos ( x ) dx

u = cos ( x ) dv = e − x dx
1
& 5 &
du = − sin( x ) dx v = −e − x
2
I = −e −x
cos ( x ) −
∫e −x
sin( x ) dx

I1
For I1

3> V ‫ع ا ا‬Ak •ck ‫ ام‬N O‫ ا‬7Le B‫ ھ‬V k v ‫ ة ا‬Q ‫ئ‬XL ‫ ام ا‬N O‫ ا‬BT Ž9h
pe‫ ا‬B‫ ھ‬3 P‫ و‬V vQv ‫ ا‬V ‫ ‚ ا ا‬c P B U ‫ اول ة‬3> 3B5 P . ‫ ض وا‬c ‫ا‬
V vQv ‫ ‚ اا‬ck

u = sin ( x ) dv = e − x dx
1
& 5 &
du = cos( x ) dx v = −e − x
2
∴ I 1 = −e −x
sin( x ) +
∫e −x
cos ( x )dx = − e − x sin( x ) + I

‫{ره‬A‫ا *)(&' ا!]' >) ر ظ‬

32
 3QwD‫ ا‬qC B ‫ ا‬3> ‫ن‬D‫~ ا‬eA5 P

(
I = −e − x cos ( x ) − − e − x sin( x ) + I )
∴2 I = −e − x cos ( x ) + e − x sin( x )
1
(
∴ I = − e − x cos ( x ) + e − x sin( x ) + c
2
)

c)
∫ sin(x )cosh( x )dx
u = sin ( x ) dv = cosh( x )dx
1
& 5 &
du = cos( x ) dx v = sinh( x )
2
I = sin( x ) sinh( x ) −
∫ cos(x ) sinh(x ) dx
I1
For I1

u = cos ( x ) dv = sinh( x )dx

1
& 5 &
du = − sin( x ) dx v = cosh( x )
2
∴ I 1 = cos ( x ) cosh( x ) +
∫ cosh(x ) sin(x ) dx = cos(x )cosh(x ) + I
‫{ره‬A‫ا *)(&' ا!]' >) ر ظ‬

3QwD‫ ا‬qC B ‫ ا‬3> ‫ن‬D‫~ ا‬eA5 P

I = sin( x ) sinh( x ) − (cos ( x ) cosh( x ) + I )
∴ 2 I = sin( x ) sinh( x ) − cos ( x ) cosh( x )
1
∴ I = (sin ( x ) sinh( x ) − cos ( x ) cosh( x )) + c
2

33
Case 4: oQ C ‫ وف‬5 ‫ ة‬9‫ و‬V ‫دا‬ C
dv=1 dx ‫(ر‬E*b‫ ا‬c* (+,2$ '<(=*>‫ و‬u B‫ا ھ‬9 ‫(ر ا‬E*b‫ ا‬c*
Example 10
Evaluate the following integrals;
a)
∫ ln(x )dx b)
∫ tan (x )dx
−1

d) sec ( x )dx
∫
c) sin ( x ) dx −1
∫ −1

∫
e) tanh ( x ) dx −1
∫
f) cos (ln ( x )) dx

Solution

a)
∫ ln(x )dx
u ‫ ھ‬S 5k 3 P‫ و‬oQ C ‫ وف‬5 ‫ ة و‬9‫ و‬V ‫ دا‬h‫‡ إ‬AC h B‫ھ‬

u = ln ( x ) dv = (1)dx
1
& 5 &
1
du = dx v=x
x 2

1
I = x ln( x ) −
∫   ( x )dx = x ln( x ) − x + c
 x

b)
∫ tan −1
( x )dx

u = tan −1 ( x ) dv = (1)dx
1
& 5 &
1
du = 2
dx v=x
x +1 2

34
I = x tan −1 ( x ) −

∫  x 2
x  1
(
 dx = x tan ( x ) − ln x + 1 + c
+1
−1
2
2
)
2 zP v ‫ ا‬r}iBe I ‫ م‬i ‫ ‚ ا‬cC {8S ‫ ا‬r > S 5e e L ‫ا‬ ‫ ا‬B‫ھ‬

c)
∫ sin −1 ( x ) dx

u = sin −1 ( x ) dv = (1)dx
1
& 5 &
1
du = dx v=x
2
1− x 2

 1 
I = x sin −1 ( x ) −
∫ x

 1− x
2
 dx


−1
= x sin −1 ( x ) +
1
∫ (− 2 x ) (1 − x 2 ) 2 dx
2
1
= x sin −1 ( x ) + 1 − x 2 ( ) 2 +c

d)
∫ sec ( x )dx−1

u = sec −1 ( x) 1
dv = (1)dx
& 5 &
1 1
du = * dx v=x
x ( x) 2
−1 2 x 2

I = x sec −1 ( x ) − 12 ∫  x x1 − 1  ( x )dx

 
= x sec −1 ( x )− x − 1 + c

35
e)
∫ tanh −1
( x ) dx

u = tanh −1 ( x ) dv = (1)dx
1
& 5 &
1
du = dx v=x
1 − x2 2

∫ 1− x
x
I = x tanh −1 ( x ) − 2
dx

= x tanh −1 ( x ) +
1
2
( )
ln 1 − x 2 + c

f)
∫ cos (ln(x ))dx
u = cos (ln ( x )) dv = (1)dx
1
& 5 &
−1
du = sin(ln( x )) dx v=x
x 2

I = x cos (ln( x )) +
∫ sin(ln(x ))dx
I1
For I1
u = sin (ln ( x )) dv = (1)dx
1
& 5 &
1
du = cos(ln( x )) dx v=x
x 2

I 1 = x sin(ln( x )) −
∫ cos(ln(x ))dx = x sin(ln(x )) − I
‫{ره‬A‫ا *)(&' ا!]' >) ر ظ‬
So:
1
I = x cos(ln( x )) + x sin(ln( x )) − I I= [x cos(ln( x )) + x sin(ln( x ))] + c
2
36
Problem 4: Evaluate the following integrals;

a)
∫ x ln(2 x )dx
3

∫
b) (2 x ) tanh (2 x ) dx
−1

∫
c) (3 x + 1) sin( x + 1) dx

∫
d) x cos (2 x ) dx
2

∫
e) (3 x − 2 ) cosh( x ) dx

f)
∫ x sinh(x )dx
2

∫
g) e cosh( x ) dx
3x

∫
h) e cos (3 x ) dx
−2 x

∫
i) cosh(2 x ) cos ( x ) dx

j)
∫ sinh(2 x ) sin(x + 3)dx
∫
k) ln(2 x + 1)dx

l)
∫ sin(ln( x ))dx
∫
m) sinh ( x ) dx
−1

∫
n) cosh ( x ) dx
−1

∫
o) cot ( x ) dx
−1