Gjase us State

A
nts: Rascal in Nm
Deruity
A B B

C D

oatur i wsed in placod ) Hg

them min denyth
=60 ter baxoneter(used to measue
atm pessu)= jo 13 m.
Manoneteu t
measue atm pee
san phgl
I. pem nd

ulam thp
Gas Laws

PoL (at canstant n, )

3.
2

othem

S T
 hmol'kt atm L
work nit PV= )wit Jmol'k R=8314
9=
mol'k atm Cal
mol'k atm L conttamt
: has R’
nolk J mt
gas3deal
vdume Comt otat) (9T
Aasodncs Van
Paeune Cont.
Tey- Const. Law t
|y>
Tsochoc
P
T
P
T
contaat) (n,ve PaT
LawLusac's
-343
V T
3 2
coutnt
p), (t VT
Lao! cha's
 Centauner
clored tontaunen; n, V constant
Vesel centaia mmeNable pston V cam change
angth ge telwmn
I

P-lamtay
P -X. atm
P
Dalton' laus
|antial fuassuna (P) = x
mole Total lsWbune
fation
+ Connectiy esels
Case I T Lonstant
Iuital - Ainal

Jo calclat no ) moles n 2ach continer

m, ’ Totad moles

X moles (n,-*) oles

XRI (m-x)RT

Case II T= Diount
RTI RTg RT RT
To calulat mo 6) molen in each containen:
(Saum xRT (n,-x)RT2
V
VI
NoT E a xXM happon ntiln containeh then yo lune
do mot chony pe ijied +
[Paxn].
<0-Ve
=0
AHI H+I, PCI, + , Pa,
Ano, P=oont.
P-x P-x
2

|d=PM Molan Mass

RT

4 Rinetii theey o Grases (KT)?

" Gas uil have wevy small particles c alled moleutlu shuth are
idetical in Shape and size
Paesure 9 gas is due to celli iiens made by gatOUs molels
" Al olli's ions au alast'e n matu 4 emeg
A blw partide
for Sdeas gas , attractive +epusive fore indepdet
is zeo , hence mott em ene pauthili is
auther
Neutens laus o] motion au applicable on motien )
Heauier moleule tranfen mere mementm but t s not

" Momentum tansed per collisien mY

3P . Time taken in blw ao ilision = L
Vp
Vims 3PV No. 6] celi'sien per second =
mass macLle
2

VsmsBRT
VM
F: my
L

Nsm1 onty depend om Temp A

Jo'ume
+Molan mass
Does not depend en P p
 3nRT Totad koE mN.
c 3kT|(k=
KT beltzmaau'a Constamt)
3RT 3KT 2KT
m M
M

8RT
TTM

Guaham'a law o tion

Aa

Molar
VTM
Molar ras
Tonp
(ase I ase II
Jo gases umden
donital con dition
Comgauig vn on fouten
Thole Haho

MA M

Po n
nAM8

mthod /tnichmemt
sachopk Sepanation

mA MA MB
n'

t Maxwell
diatibuhon M

wwe 12
N du AMea nder the
* Tioo diont gaen at two dileent Temp
M M

6) balloon

F, =Buoyany foce

>V= Velume balloon

balloont mass
balloon
Balloon Pay load

Mg

Giases Solution
KOH

ALkabine pyagale
Tunpemtinu ol
H,o (3) Conc. Hsoy
NHg >H,o()
Co Ammonal Col
NO Ammonital ng No, (Tollen's xeagent)
+ okidaton co (3) 9 (3) ’ co, (;)
oxidatien co
Reductin gco C+ Co
2Co()
Reduction qco (1)

Vapour preswe
jorce s] atbactian
Teng
oected ay yolume, presuxe and ameunt s] aud 4
Swnsace OAxea
Real Gases
PaessueeHection ; P= P+ an
foL n-moles
Vome ceection ; v= V- nb NA
3
Nande Waal' tquatin:
= NRT a, b’ cons tant
a’ jore 9 attwactio
(ar B'P?) b co-volume (inconpessiblo)

a: atm no atm dmmol

Unit
unt
) b: Lnel n dm m
Lompxesikithy joater i() (Unitle)
(Pu)sdaat
’ Vanieton Z wtth preswe (at Tepcontant) 2
Co' cHy
H
He
Z=|

*Hydiocodhon (n23 Canbon)

mest comprslba
ar
MM1 Teuwp:
pestwe at diut
Vaition s) z sit T T
T

at low pressue
ot higl pAUaune
z at atl presejo
He | H
 Volume
At o Paese
as a , Z U
as T , zT

Presre
Vn
diy'catt to compres
compare to ead
RT

a' Jocto Jon polar > s' facto je nOn polan

molecu molecule

MMT a?
Cenchsie
Jtve) Eve)

" AHactive foce

*Repulsive force *Lasy to
compen
*Dificut to compnen to

A Beyle's Tenp behaves as

ea gas
Tenp t wha M
|T=a
Rb

Cam be
A'g
prese
dee.Teup
’ tuitical Peiut guat
to
propoies g ig-phase is
pt. at whiil physial vapsus
physital p opertias

At ouitial Pt:

compuesibe
T -8a
wil be zero
" At oiti cal pt. lope 5) PV

negatve
" At all sther pt. Mope wel be
Max value 6) 3lepe

Douole
difoantitian.