1.
The three wires used to carry electricity from one place to another
are:
Live wire (L)
Neutral wire (N)
Earth wire (E)
2. Live wire (L): The live wire has an insulation that is red in color, it
carries high voltage and brings in the current.
3. Neutral wire (N): The insulation of the neutral wire is black in color
and provides a return path for the current to flow in. It has zero potential.
4. Earth wire (E): The insulation of the earth wire is green in color. It has
no charge.
5 Amperes current rating circuits are used for lower power consumption
sources that have lower power ratings. It includes television, fans, lights
like LED and bulbs.
15 Amperes current rating circuits are used for higher power consumption
sources that have a high power rating. It includes an air conditioner,
geysers and iron box.
an electrical safety device consisting of or including a wire or strip of
fusible metal that melts and interrupts the circuit when the current
exceeds a particular amperage.
A miniature circuit breaker (MCB) is an Electrical Switch that automatically
switches off the electrical circuit during an abnormal condition of the network
means an overload condition as well as a faulty condition.
earthing can be done by connecting the electrical appliance to earthing
systems or electrodes placed near the soil or below the ground level.
The electrode or earthing mat equipped with a flat iron riser is installed
under the ground level. It helps to connect all the non-current-carrying
metallic parts of the equipment.
When the overload current is passed through the equipment or when the
fault occurs in the system due to the current, the fault current from the
equipment flows through the earthing system. The earth mat conductors
aid in raising the voltage value equal to the resistance of the earth mat
multiplied by a ground fault and helps guard the equipment against
overload current or fault current.
In homes, there shall be three types of wires, live, neutral, and earth. the
earth is connected to the buried metal plate. Electric appliances like
refrigerators, iron boxes, and TV are connected to the earth wire while
operating. Hence, these devices are protected from the surge or faulty
electrical supply. Local earthing is done near the electrical metre of the
house.
1. When too many devices are connected to the same circuit and are
operated at time, the wire draws a much large current (greater then
its capacity) from mains is called overloading.
2. This causes heating in the circuit that can lead to sparking.
A sudden flow of a very large current due to direct contact of a live
wire and a neutral wire is called short-circuiting.
The resistance of the circuit becomes almost zero. It may also lead to
an electric fire.
Advantages of parallel combination over series combination are:
(i) In parallel combination each appliance gets the full voltage.
(ii) If one appliance is switched on, others are not affected.
(iii) The parallel circuit divides the current through the appliances. Each
appliance gets proper current depending on its resistance.
