CPCWHS1001

Prepare to Work Safely in the

Construction Industry

Learner Guide

Learner Name:

Date of Assessment:

Assessor Name:
Table of Contents
1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 3
1.1.1 What is Construction Work? .............................................................................................................................. 3

1.2 WHS Requirements .................................................................................................... 4

1.2.1 National Code of Practice for Induction for Construction Work ............................................................................. 5
1.2.2 Who does General Induction Training apply to? .................................................................................................. 5

1.3 Duty of Care ............................................................................................................... 6

WHS Rights and Responsibilities ................................................................................................................................ 6

1.4 Safe Work Practices ................................................................................................... 7

1.4.1 Work Instruction .............................................................................................................................................. 7
1.4.2 Access to Site Amenities such as Drinking Water and Toilets ................................................................................ 8
1.4.3 Drugs and Alcohol at Work ............................................................................................................................... 8
1.4.4 Plant and Equipment including Licencing, Competency and Refresher Training ...................................................... 8
1.4.5 Housekeeping ................................................................................................................................................. 8
1.4.6 Storing Materials and Equipment Properly .......................................................................................................... 9
1.4.7 Correctly Storing and Removing Debris .............................................................................................................. 9
1.4.8 Preventing Bullying and Harassment .................................................................................................................. 9
1.4.9 Smoking on Site .............................................................................................................................................. 9

2.1 Hazard Identification and Control ............................................................................ 10

2.1.1 Identify Hazards ............................................................................................................................................ 10
2.1.2 Risk Management .......................................................................................................................................... 11
2.1.3 Control Hazards ............................................................................................................................................. 13
2.1.3.1 Personal Protective Equipment.................................................................................................................. 14
2.1.4 Review Effectiveness of Controls ..................................................................................................................... 15

3.1 WHS Documents....................................................................................................... 16

Site Safety Inspection Reports ......................................................................................................................... 16
Risk Assessment Reports ................................................................................................................................. 16
Safe Work Method Statement (SWMS) .............................................................................................................. 16
Job Safety Analysis (JSA) ................................................................................................................................. 16
Incident and Accident Reports.......................................................................................................................... 16
Safety Data Sheet (SDS).................................................................................................................................. 17

3.2 WHS Personnel ......................................................................................................... 18

3.3 Common Workplace Signage.................................................................................... 19
3.4 Reporting All Hazards, Incidents and Injuries ...................................................................................................... 20

4.1 Workplace Emergencies ........................................................................................... 20

4.1.1 Emergency Response ..................................................................................................................................... 20

4.2 Workplace Incidents ................................................................................................ 21

4.3 First Aid Response .................................................................................................... 22
4.4 Fire Safety Equipment .............................................................................................. 23
Sample Forms you will use in your work ........................................................................ 26
Appendix A – Safe Work Method Statement .............................................................................................................. 26
Appendix B – Workplace Incident Record ................................................................................................................. 32

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1.1 Introduction
This course is based on the National Unit of Competency CPCWHS1001 Prepare to
Work Safely in the Construction Industry.

The unit relates directly to the general induction training program specified by the National
Code of Practice for Induction Training for Construction Work (ASCC 2006).

This course covers the general WHS induction information you require to work on a
construction site in Australia.

You will learn about:

Work Health and Safety responsibilities.

Identifying and managing construction hazards and risks.

Responding to accidents and incidents.

1.1.1 What is Construction Work?

The National Code of Practice for Induction for Construction Work defines construction work as:

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1.2 WHS Requirements
WHS legislation is defined as laws and guidelines to help keep your workplace safe.

There are four main types:

Law or Guideline Description

Acts Laws to protect the health, safety and welfare of people at work.
Regulations Gives more details or information on particular parts of the Act.
Codes of Practice/
Are practical instructions on how to meet the terms of the Law.
Compliance Codes
Give you the minimum levels of performance or quality for a hazard, work
Australian Standards
process or product.

Specific health and safety requirements will depend on where you are working. The following is a list of the current health
and safety laws in each state and territory of Australia:

Australian Capital Territory: Work Health and Safety Act 2011

New South Wales: Work Health and Safety Act 2011

Northern Territory: Work Health and Safety (National Uniform Legislation) Act 2011

Queensland: Work Health and Safety Act 2011

South Australia: Work Health and Safety Act 2012

Tasmania: Work Health and Safety Act 2012

Victoria: Occupational Health and Safety Act 2004

Western Australia: Occupational Safety and Health Act 1984

The following key elements of the WHS legislation will impact the way you do your
job, and the responsibilities of your workplace:

1. There is a primary duty of care requiring employers (sometimes referred to

as ‘Persons Conducting a Business or Undertaking’ or PCBU) to ensure the
health and safety of workers and others affected by the work.

2. Representatives of the employer are responsible for ensuring compliance

with WHS requirements.

3. Workers conduct themselves in a way that does not negatively impact on

the health and safety of themselves or others.

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1.2.1 National Code of Practice for Induction for Construction Work
The National Code of Practice for Induction for Construction Work (2007) provides guidance to general and residential
construction workers on the types of induction to provide an awareness and understanding of common construction
workplace hazards and how they should be managed.

The code of practice outlines the requirements of induction training across 3 different
areas:

General – Safety training used to provide basic knowledge of WHS legislative

requirements and risk management processes in the construction industry.

Site – This training occurs when you arrive at a site and provides information
about specific WHS issues or requirements for that particular site (or part of
that site).

Task-specific – This induction provides information relating to WHS issues for

a specific work activity.

The purpose of these training materials is to meet the requirements of General

Induction Training.

1.2.2 Who does General Induction Training apply to?

The code of practice recommends general induction training for the following people, occupations and tasks:

Casual, part-time or labour-hire persons performing construction work.

Owners carrying out construction work.

Installation of joinery, pre-cast concrete panels, windows.

Delivery drivers dropping off materials inside the construction zone.

Engineers and surveyors who undertake preparatory site work.

Cleaning and maintenance of structures under construction.

Work experience students undertaking construction work.

Traffic control for on-site construction work.

Finishing and fit-out work such as painting, tiling, carpet laying, floor
sanding.

Landscaping.

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1.3 Duty of Care
Both you and your employer have a legal responsibility under duty of care to do everything
reasonably practicable to protect others from harm in the workplace.

Duty of care applies to:

Employers and self-employed persons.

Persons in control of the worksite.

Supervisors.

Manufacturers and suppliers.

Workers (even if unpaid)

Subcontractors and inspectors.

WHS Rights and Responsibilities

Your own responsibilities are to comply with safe work practices, including
activities that require licences, tickets or certificates of competency, as well as to help
the employer on WHS matters.

You should
• take reasonable care to avoid harming yourself or others
• ensure you are fit and well to attend work
• report any unsafe situations and hazards to your immediate supervisor

You have a duty to report anything you see that is unsafe in your workplace. It is you responsibility to speak up and tell
your supervisor or employer.

If you are worried about raising a health and safety concern, then in NSW the SafeWork NSW Speak Up Save Lives app
lets you report an unsafe work situation, while giving you the choice to remain anonymous.

Other state WHS regulators at this time provide an online or phone option (check their website).

If in NSW you can scan this QRcode >>>

Which will take you to the SafeWork NSW Website to
download the app for your phone type.

In relation to workplace safety, workers have a right to:

• be shown how to work safely

• speak up about any safety concerns
• adequate facilities and amenities including first aid equipment

Your employer’s responsibility is to provide a safe working environment, systems, equipment, personal protective
equipment (PPE), facilities, WHS information, first aid, instruction and training.

This safe environment should also extend to protecting members of the public or visitors to the construction site.

In relation to workplace safety, business owners (employers) have a right to:

• request workers follow policies and procedures that relate to workplace safety
• request that workers use safety equipment provided
• expect that workers will take reasonable care to avoid harming themselves or others

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1.4 Safe Work Practices
Safe work practices are the actions that you take while at work to minimise the chance of causing harm to yourself, others
or equipment.

It is your responsibility to make sure that you work in a safe way to avoid accidents.

1.4.1 Work Instruction

You need to be clear about what work you will be doing. Make sure you have everything about the job written down
before you start. This includes what you will be doing, how you will be doing it and what equipment you will be using.

Make sure you have all of the details about where you will be working. For example:

The Site – Is there clear access for all equipment? Are there buildings,
structures, facilities or trees in the way? What are the ground conditions like?

The Weather – Is there wind, rain or other bad weather? Is it too dark?

Facilities and Services – Are there power lines or other overhead or

underground services to think about?

Traffic – Are there people, vehicles or other equipment in the area that you
need to think about? Do you need to get them moved out of the area? Do you
need to set up barriers or signs?

Hazards – Are there dangerous materials to work around or think about? Will
you be working close to power lines or other people?

You also need to make sure you have all of the details about the kind of work you will be
doing:

The Task – What are you doing? How are you going to do it? Are there any special
requirements?

Plant – What type of plant will be used? How big is it? How much room does it need?

Attachments – What equipment will you need? Is the equipment available?

Communications – How are you going to communicate with other workers?

Procedures and Rules – Do you need any special permits or licences? Are there site
rules that affect the way you will do the work?

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1.4.2 Access to Site Amenities such as Drinking Water and Toilets
There should be toilets and clean drinking water on site for you to use. It is your
responsibility to make sure the toilet facilities are clean and hygienic.

Drink plenty of water during the day to keep yourself hydrated, especially if you are
working outside in the sun. Dehydration can cause fatigue and make it harder for you
to concentrate.

1.4.3 Drugs and Alcohol at Work

Drugs and alcohol can affect your ability to concentrate and work safely. You are a
danger to yourself and to those around you when working under the influence of drugs
and alcohol.

You also have a responsibility to manage and report on pharmaceutical (prescription)

medication you are taking that may impact your ability to carry out work safely

1.4.4 Plant and Equipment including Licencing, Competency and

Refresher Training
For some jobs a High Risk Work licence is required to ensure they are carried out
safely. These may include:

Driving a forklift.

Erecting scaffolding over 4 metres high.

Dogging, rigging and directing cranes.

Hoist and crane operation.

Using earthmoving equipment.

Handling certain dangerous materials (eg Asbestos).

For other jobs in the construction industry, special training or a licence is required to
ensure they are carried out safely. These may include:

Working in confined spaces.

Plumbing, electrical and building work.

1.4.5 Housekeeping
Clean up any rubbish you make as you work to
help prevent tripping accidents, or accidents
caused by flying debris.

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1.4.6 Storing Materials and Equipment Properly
Make sure all equipment and materials are stored properly and safely.

Stack materials neatly so that they don’t fall out on the next person who tries to get
to them.

Make sure all equipment is stored according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

1.4.7 Correctly Storing and Removing Debris

Dispose of any debris properly without impacting negatively on the environment. Make sure all materials are collected and
removed properly.

1.4.8 Preventing Bullying and Harassment

Bullying is not tolerated in any workplace. If you are being bullied, or see somebody else being bullied you must report it.

1.4.9 Smoking on Site

Only smoke in designated areas away from flammable materials.

Smoking around flammable materials is extremely dangerous. Make sure you don’t do it!

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2.1 Hazard Identification and Control
Before you start work, you need to check for any hazards or dangers in the area. If you find a hazard or danger you need
to do something to control it. This will help to make the workplace safer.

Basic risk management process should follow these 5 steps:

1. Identify the hazard.

2. Assess the risk.

3. Consult and report your findings.

4. Control the hazard.

5. Review the effectiveness of the control(s).

2.1.1 Identify Hazards

Part of your job is to look around to see if you can find any hazards before you start any
work.

A hazard is the thing or situation with the potential to cause injury, harm or damage.

A risk is the chance of a hazard causing harm or damage.

When you start checking for hazards, make sure you look everywhere. A good way to do
this is to check:

Up high above your head.

All around you at eye level.

Down low on the ground (and also think about what is under the ground).

Some construction hazards you should check for in the work area:

Hazard Description
Breathing asbestos fibres can have serious lasting impact on
Asbestos
health.
Confined Spaces Could suffocate.
Could cause fire and explosion, toxic atmosphere, burns, or
Chemical Spills uncontrolled reaction with other chemicals, or environmental
contamination.
Electrical Hazards including Could be electrocuted.
Power Lines, Cords and
Equipment
Excavations, including Trenches Could fall in, could collapse, could damage underground services.
Falling Objects Could cause damage to property or injury to personnel.
Fire Could cause damage to property or injury to personnel.
Hazardous Substances and Exposure may cause injury.
Dangerous Goods
Liquids Under Pressure Could cause an explosion and injury

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 Hazard Description
Hot and Cold Working Could cause dehydration/sunburn or exposure to cold could cause
Environments (Temperatures) hypothermia.
Manual Handling Could cause injury (strain).
Noise, Dust and Vapours Could cause hearing, breathing or vision problems.
Plant and Equipment Operation Could be struck by or injured while using mobile equipment.
Traffic and Mobile Plant Could be hit by moving vehicles.
Unplanned Collapse Could cause damage to property or injury to personnel.
Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation Could cause sunburn.
Working at Heights including Could fall from height, objects could fall from heights.
Scaffolding
Flammable gases or vapours Burns resulting from explosion or fire.

2.1.2 Risk Management

Risk analysis helps you to work out the ‘risk level’. You can work out the risk level by looking at:

Consequences of the hazard are not limited to injury, but can include property damage, loss of production (downtime)
and negative impact on the environment.

Here are some examples of consequences:

Property Damage/
Injury Environmental Impact
Production Loss
Limited damage to minimal
1. Insignificant Minor or short term injury. Low financial loss.
area of low significance.
Reversible disability or Minor effects on biological or
2. Minor Medium financial loss.
impairment. physical environment.
Moderate irreversible Moderate short term effects
3. Moderate High financial loss.
disability. but not affecting eco-system.
Serious medium term
4. Major Single fatality. Major financial loss.
environmental effects.
Multiple fatality and/or Serious long term
5. Catastrophic Detrimental financial loss.
significant irreversible effects. environmental damage.

Likelihood is a factor that looks at how often an event is likely to happen. Here are some examples:

Frequency Description
Rare May only occur in exceptional circumstances.
The risk event could occur at some time (during a specified period), but it is
Unlikely
unlikely.
Possible Might happen at some time, occurrence would not be unusual.
Likely Will probably occur in most circumstances.
Almost Certain Is expected to occur in most circumstances.

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You can use a risk matrix like the one shown here to work out the risk level:

Consequence
1. Insignificant 2. Minor 3. Moderate 4. Major 5. Catastrophic
First Aid Required Medical Attention Long Term Illness Kill or Cause
and Time Off Work or Serious Injury Permanent
Likelihood Disability or Illness

1. Rare Low Low Moderate Moderate Moderate

2. Unlikely Low Low Moderate Moderate High
3. Possible Low Moderate High High Extreme
4. Likely Moderate Moderate High High Extreme
5. Almost
Moderate High High Extreme Extreme
Certain

For example, a hazard that has a Major consequence and is Almost Certain to occur has a risk level of Extreme.

Consequence
1. Insignificant 2. Minor 3. Moderate 4. Major 5. Catastrophic
First Aid Required Medical Attention Long Term Illness Kill or Cause
and Time Off Work or Serious Injury Permanent
Likelihood Disability or Illness

1. Rare Low Low Moderate Moderate Moderate

2. Unlikely Low Low Moderate Moderate High
3. Possible Low Moderate High High Extreme
4. Likely Moderate Moderate High High Extreme
5. Almost
Moderate High High Extreme Extreme
Certain

The risk level will help you to work out what kind of action needs to be taken, and how soon you need to act.

Deciding whether a risk is acceptable or unacceptable may be different for each

organisation. It will depend on the internal policy, goals and objectives of the
organisation and relevant legislation.

Generally no level of risk is acceptable without some kind of intervention.

Extreme to moderate level risks must be dealt with before the work can begin.

The risk level can be used to decide the risk priority, showing which risk must be
managed first in order to reduce the exposure to danger. Small or insignificant risks
might be treated immediately where it would be relatively fast or inexpensive to do so.

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The table below is an example:

Risk Level Action

This is an unacceptable risk level

Extreme
The task, process or activity must not proceed.

This is an unacceptable risk level

The proposed activity can only proceed, provided that:
1. The risk level has been reduced to as low as reasonably practicable using the hierarchy
of risk controls.
High 2. The risk controls must include those identified in legislation, Australian Standards,
Codes of Practice etc.
3. The risk assessment has been reviewed and approved by the Supervisor.
4. A Safe Working Procedure or Work Method Statement has been prepared.
The supervisor must review and document the effectiveness of the implemented risk controls.

This is an unacceptable risk level

The proposed activity can only proceed, provided that:
1. The risk level has been reduced to as low as reasonably practicable using the hierarchy
Moderate
of risk controls.
2. The risk assessment has been reviewed and approved by the Supervisor.
3. A Safe Working Procedure or Work Method Statement has been prepared.

The proposed task or process needs to be managed by documented routine procedures, which
Low
must include application of the hierarchy of controls.

High risk jobs should only be carried out when appropriate action has been taken to reduce the risk involved and clear
guidelines and approvals are in place to ensure it can be attempted safely.

2.1.3 Control Hazards

Controlling a hazard can be achieved by a whole range of possible solutions. You will need
to work out which is the best option for the situation.

Before you start, check for any documentation, workplace procedure or workplace policy
that explains how to eliminate or control the hazard.

Talk to other workers, your manager, supervisor, team leader or health & safety
representative to find out if the hazard has been addressed before, and what techniques
are available to you to resolve it.

If there are no existing guidelines for controlling a specific hazard you will need to
investigate options to manage it.

The Hierarchy of Hazard Control is the name for a range of control methods used to
eliminate or control hazards and risks in the workplace.

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The Hierarchy has 6 levels shown here from most effective to least effective:

Hierarchy Level Action

This is the best kind of hazard control. Eliminating or removing the hazard
completely removes any risk connected to it.
1. Elimination
An example of eliminating a hazard would be removing dangerous materials from
the site, or repairing defective equipment.
This is where you swap a dangerous work method or situation for one that is less
dangerous.
2. Substitution
For example using a group of people to move an item instead of trying to move it
on your own (where the item cannot be broken down into smaller loads).
This is where you isolate the hazard.
3. Isolation This might mean fencing off an area or restricting access to the hazard in some
other way.
This is where you use an engineering or mechanical method of doing the job.
4. Engineering
Controls Examples would be using a piece of equipment to move a load instead of moving
it by hand, or installing ventilation.
This is where site rules and policies attempt to control a hazard.
5. Administrative
Controls It can include working in teams, setting specific break times and frequent
rotations for repetitive work or using signage to warn of hazards.

6. Personal This is your last line of defence and should be used with other hazard control
Protective methods.
Equipment PPE includes any safety equipment or safety clothing worn on your body.
(PPE) Workplaces often have mandatory PPE requirements for the site.

It is important to consider all of the options available when deciding on the best course of action. Not all options are
available, realistic or possible under some circumstances.

You may need to use a range of risk controls to reduce the risk level to an acceptable level.

2.1.3.1 Personal Protective Equipment

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is clothing and equipment designed to lower the chance of you being hurt on the
job. It is required to enter most work sites.

Each workplace and job requires different PPE. These items are often a mandatory requirement of entering work areas.

Depending on workplace requirements, environmental factors, and requirements of the job to be done, you may have to
wear any of the following:

Aprons.
Arm guards.
Eye protection (e.g. goggles).
Hand protection (e.g. gloves).
Headwear (e.g. hard hat).
Hearing protection (e.g. muffs)
High-visibility retro-reflective vests.
Protective, well-fitting clothing.
Respiratory protection (e.g. ½ or full mask respirator).
Safety footwear (e.g. boots).
UV-protective clothing and sunscreen.

Make sure any PPE you are wearing is in good condition, fits well and is right for the job.

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If you find any PPE that is not in good condition, tag it and remove it from service. Tell your supervisor about the problem
and they will organise to repair or replace the PPE.

If you are not familiar with an item of PPE, ask a competent person to show you how to use it.

2.1.4 Review Effectiveness of Controls

Once all controls are in place, each member of the team working in the area should evaluate and review the risk level and
the effectiveness of the hazard controls.

The acceptable level of risk is determined by an organisation’s policy, goals and objectives towards safety.

Reviewing their effectiveness includes checking that controls are in place and operational in accordance with standard
procedure.

When evaluating the effectiveness of hazard controls, you may ask yourself questions such as:

Does the applied control effectively manage or control the hazard?

Will this control keep me and other workers in the area safe?

Is the control a temporary measure?

Can more be done to control the hazard?

What level of risk is still applicable to this hazard?

Talk to your supervisor or WHS representative if you are not sure whether or not
the risk has been reduced enough to carry out the work.

You must ensure all controls are reviewed regularly as working conditions can
change often.

If you determine the risk to be at an unacceptable level, the work must not be
carried out until an authorised person can review the situation.

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3.1 WHS Documents
Site Safety Inspection Reports

Before starting work it is important to check that the worksite is safe. Once you have
completed a check, record any hazards that you have found and report to your supervisor
or WHS representative to decide the best course of action.

Risk Assessment Reports

Once you have completed a risk assessment of any hazards you have found, it is important
to record your observations and the actions you plan to take. This information will assist in
the completion of the Safe Work Method Statement.

Safe Work Method Statement (SWMS)

A Safe Work Method Statement is a site-specific statement that must be prepared before
any high-risk construction work is commenced. It covers the job and safety responsibilities
of each member of a work group.

Workers should be involved in discussions of tasks, associated hazards, risks and controls.
See Appendix A for a copy of a Safe Work Method Statement.

Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

A Job Safety Analysis is a review of how a job is done including the steps taken and risks inherent to the task. It includes
information on how to reduce the risk involved in completing the work, similar to a SWMS.

Incident and Accident Reports

Incident and accident reports must be completed in the event of any incident. Use as much
detail as possible when filling out these forms as it may have a bearing on the outcome of
workers compensation and safety improvements in the workplace.

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Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

A Safety Data Sheet is a detailed document outlining the risks and hazards associated with handling chemicals and other
materials.

The SDS will contain details that can help you to identify:

It will be issued by the manufacturer and may or may not include material handling methods.

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3.2 WHS Personnel
There are a number of different people that you can talk to about various WHS issues:

Your supervisor can provide you with guidance on where to access information
relevant to your job (instructions) and can explain the safety procedures and requirements
relevant to your role.

Your WHS representative is employed to represent your worksite and you as a

worker. Your WHS representative is there to give information on WHS, raise your views,
interests and concerns to a WHS committee.

A WHS committee is a group of people on a worksite or in your company who

decide on workplace safety issues. They are responsible for looking at safety issues and
suggesting ways of improving the work practices, use of equipment, communication and
training of staff. They should meet every 6 months.

First aid officers are qualified members of the team who are responsible for
administering first aid in the workplace.

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3.3 Common Workplace Signage
Another important safeguard method is the use of appropriate signage within and around the worksite. Signs have
different colours, which represent instructions. For example: Red (do not), Blue (must do), Yellow (be aware) and Green
(information).

Danger Signs Warning Signs Prohibition Signs Mandatory Signs

AS 1319 specifies that AS 1319 specifies that AS 1319 specifies these AS 1319 specifies these
these signs are to be used these signs warn of signs are to have a red signs shall be a blue disc
where conditions are likely conditions that are NOT annulus and slash symbol with the symbol in white.
to be life threatening. The likely to be life threatening on a white background. The word MUST is usually
sign is to incorporate the if the message is ignored. They indicate actions or contained in the message.
word DANGER in white The symbol used is a activities that are not They indicate something
letters on a red oval shape yellow equilateral triangle permitted. that must be done.
inside a black rectangle. with a black enclosure.

Emergency Signs Fire Signs Hazchem Signs Safety Tags & Lockout
AS 1319 specifies these AS 1319 - 1994 refers to AS 1216 - 1995 specifies Systems
signs shall comprise of a fire signs which are the relevant "designs, These are isolation systems
white symbol or text on a covered in AS 2444 - 1995. layout and size". These that help to prevent
green rectangle with white These signs indicate the signs are prescribed in the incidents by making sure
enclosure. These signs location of fire alarms and "Australian Dangerous faulty equipment is not
indicate the location or fire fighting equipment. Goods Code" and various used. A lockout prevents
direction to emergency Signs shall comprise a red State Government operation of equipment by
related facilities and first rectangle sign with a white "Dangerous Goods, Storage an unauthorised person.
aid or safety equipment. legend and enclosure. and Handling Regulations". Only the person who
placed a tag or lockout
device can remove it.
Site Safety, Directional, Traffic And Warning Signs And Symbols.

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3.4 Reporting All Hazards, Incidents and Injuries
Depending on the nature and severity of the situation you may need to report to:

Your supervisor.

Emergency services (e.g. police, ambulance, fire brigade and emergency rescue).

WHS regulatory authority (e.g. WorkSafe, WorkCover).

All reports should be made in writing, verbally (face to face/phone) or using a relevant
form. Ask your WHS representative or supervisor at the site office for the relevant forms
and procedures for reporting hazards, incidents and injuries.

Incident report forms are available for recording the details of incidents in the workplace.

See Appendix B for a copy of a Workplace Incident Record.

4.1 Workplace Emergencies

Construction site emergencies may include:

Fire.

Gas leak.

Toxic and/or flammable vapour emission.

Vehicle/machine accident.

Chemical spill.

Injury to personnel.

Structural collapse.

Dial ‘000’ if there is an emergency.

4.1.1 Emergency Response

In the case of an emergency:

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4.2 Workplace Incidents
An incident is defined as:
An accident resulting in personal/serious injury, death, or damage to property or, a near miss or dangerous occurrence
which does not cause injury but may pose an immediate and significant risk to persons or property, and needs to be
reported so that action can be taken to prevent recurrence.

Examples of incidents could include:

Breathing apparatus malfunctioning to the extent that the user's health is

in danger.

Collapse of the floor, wall or ceiling of a building being used as a

workplace.

Collapse or failure of an excavation more than 1.5 metres deep (including

any shoring).

Collapse or partial collapse of a building or structure.

Collapse, overturning or failure of the load bearing of any scaffolding, lift,

crane, hoist or mine-winding equipment.

Damage to or malfunction of any other major plant.

Electric shock.

Electrical short circuit, malfunction or explosion.

Uncontrolled explosion, fire or escape of gas, hazardous substance or

steam.

Any other unintended or uncontrolled incident or event arising from

operations carried on at a workplace.

All incidents MUST be reported!

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4.3 First Aid Response
During and after a workplace emergency, first aid may need to be administered to
individuals who have been affected.

First aid should only be provided by a trained and authorised person. Each work site will
have first aid officers who will need to be informed of any injury that requires first aid
care. Workers must know how to contact a first aider and access a first aid kit.

It is important that you know how to respond to any first aid situation. If you do not have first aid training you can still
assist by carrying out the following procedures:

1. Checking the immediate area for any danger – before approaching

any injured person check the area to make sure you are not putting
yourself in any danger.

2. Checking the condition of the person – are they conscious or

unconscious? Are they burned, bleeding or suffering some other kind of
immediately identifiable injury?

3. Sending for help – this should be done as soon as possible. Get in

contact with the site first aid officer or if need be, call 000 and request an
ambulance.

When speaking on the phone, try your best to maintain your composure, speak clearly to the telephone operator and try
to answer all the questions as best you can.

There are situations where it may be necessary to request the use of a bystander’s mobile
phone to make the emergency call.

When calling emergency services (Dial 000) let the operator know the following details:

1. Where the emergency is.

2. Details of exactly what happened.

3. Details of any injuries.

4. Any action that has been taken so far.

5. Your name.

6. Details of any other parties that have been contacted.

Do not hang up the phone until you have been given instructions on how to proceed.

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4.4 Fire Safety Equipment
There a 6 common causes of fires in the workplace. They are; chemical, electrical, started by explosion, started by
friction, caused by flammable materials, or caused by mechanical/welding.

The fire safety equipment that is commonly available on construction worksites may include the following:

Breathing Apparatus

A self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) is a device worn by

rescue workers, fire fighters, and others to provide breathable air in
situations with an immediate danger to life and health.

Fire Blanket

Fire blankets are ideal for settings where small Class F fires are a
risk such as in kitchens or wherever oils or fats are exposed to
potential ignition.

They can also be used if a person’s clothing has caught fire.

Fire Extinguisher

Portable fire extinguishers can save lives and property by putting out
or containing fires within the capability of the extinguisher.

However, they must be of the correct type for the particular fire, and
they must be used correctly.
Refer to the included table which details the classes of fire, and the
appropriate equipment types for each class.

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Fire Hose Reel

Fire hose reels provide a reasonably accessible and controlled supply

of water to combat a potential Class A fire risk.

All fire hose reels must comply with Australian Standard AS/NZS1221.

Water Mains

These should only be used by trained fire-fighting personnel for

occasions where an ongoing water supply is needed.

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The following table details the classes of fire, and the appropriate equipment types for each class:

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Sample Forms you will use in your work
Appendix A – Safe Work Method Statement
SWMS Name: Version:

SWMS Created By: Date of Creation: Last Reviewed Date:

SWMS Summary:

Company/Contractor Details: Work Details:

Name: Client:

ABN: Contact Name:

Address: Site Address:

Contact Number: Contact Number:

Email: Start Date:

How to complete this SWMS Template:

1. Consult: Consult with all persons who will be involved in the completion of the work.
2. List: List each of the steps in the task work being done.
3. Identify: Describe the health and safety hazards and risks arising from each step in the work.
4. Risk Assessment: Review the level of risk associated with each hazard listed.
5. Control: Describe how the risks will be controlled, and describe what hazard control measures will be put in
place.
6. Responsibility: Allocate a person to be responsible for the hazard control measure.
7. Review: Review the effectiveness of the control measures and apply further hazard control measures as
required.

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Overview
SWMS topic:

Reason for the SWMS:

Scope of the SWMS:

Definitions:

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Requirements and Permits
Training/qualifications required to carry out work: PPE required to carry out work:

Are all workers adequately trained and qualified?

Yes / No
Legislation, Australian Standards & Codes f Practice Equipment required to carry out work:
relevant to work (where applicable):

Environmental statement: Safety checks required prior to commencement of work:

Coordination with other trades: Permits required for commencement of work:

Have these permits been acquired?

Yes / No

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Safe Work Method Statement
Revised
Associated/Identified Risk Person
Work Step Hazard Controls Risk
Hazards Level Responsible
Level
Work your way through each What hazards can be identified What is What hazards controls will be Has the risk Who is
step in the work process, giving for this step? the risk put into place to deal with the been responsible for
a brief description of what is level? (L, identified hazards for this step? reduced? (L, carrying out the
required at each stage. M, H, E) M, H, E) work and
maintaining the
hazard controls?

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Risk Analysis Matrix

Use this table to determine the level of risk associated with an identified hazard.

Consequence
1. Insignificant 2. Minor 3. Moderate 4. Major 5. Catastrophic
First Aid Required Medical Attention Long Term Illness Kill or Cause
Likelihood
and Time Off Work or Serious Injury Permanent
Disability or Illness

1. Rare Low Low Moderate Moderate Moderate

2. Unlikely Low Low Moderate Moderate High
3. Possible Low Moderate High High Extreme
4. Likely Moderate Moderate High High Extreme
5. Almost
Moderate High High Extreme Extreme
Certain

Risk Level Action

Extreme This is an unacceptable risk level.
The confined space entry or work must not proceed.
High This is an unacceptable risk level.
The confined space work can only proceed, provided that:
1. The risk level has been reduced to as low as reasonably practicable using the hierarchy of risk
controls.
2. The risk controls must include those identified in legislation, Australian Standards, Codes of
Practice etc.
3. The risk assessment has been reviewed and approved by the Supervisor.
4. A Safe Working Procedure or Work Method Statement has been prepared.
A WHS or site safety supervisor must review and document the effectiveness of the implemented
risk controls.
Moderate This is an unacceptable risk level.
The confined space work can only proceed, provided that:
1. The risk level has been reduced to as low as reasonably practicable using the hierarchy of risk
controls.
2. The risk assessment has been reviewed and approved by a Supervisor.
3. A Safe Working Procedure or Work Method Statement has been prepared.
Low The confined space work needs to be managed by documented routine procedures, which must
include the application of the hierarchy of controls.

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Personnel Signoff
All personnel required to carry out this task need to be listed below.

By signing this SWMS, each person declares that they have carefully read the SWMS and that they understand their
responsibilities and requirements to complete the work.

Name (please print) Position / Qualification Signature Date

Senior Management Signoff

Does this SWMS meet the necessary safety requirements? Yes / No

Does this SWMS require review? Yes / No Review Date:

Additional Comments:

Name: Position: Signature: Date:

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Appendix B – Workplace Incident Record

A. Details of Incident

Date of incident: Time of incident: AM / PM

Nature of incident:
Near Miss Injury Property Damage Fatality
(Please circle)

Equipment or machinery (List any plant, vehicles or equipment that was involved in the incident.)
involved:

Where did the incident (Clearly describe the exact location on site where the incident occurred.)
occur?

What happened exactly? (Describe the incident. Give as much detail as possible about what happened leading up to and
during the incident and who was involved to the best of your knowledge.)

What action was taken? (Describe any action including taken as a result of the incident such as first aid, evacuation,
emergency stop, area isolation etc.)

If the incident caused injury or fatality complete Sections B and C.

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B. Details of Injured Person
Name of person
injured:
Role, Position or
Duties:

C. Details of Injury
Nature / type of injury: (e.g., burn, cut, sprain) Location of injury on body: (e.g., back, leg, left hand)

Cause of injury: (Give as much detail as possible about the cause of the injury such as fall, pushed, crushed, struck,
chemical exposure, equipment failure etc.)

D. Signoff of Person Completing Form

Name:

Role, position or
duties in the
Workplace:

Signed: Date:

Please note:
After this form has been processed, you may be required to assist further with incident investigations and provide
more information on the details of the incident.

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