Document Title: Student Learning Guide

Document Subtitle: CPCCCA3008 - Construct eaves

Contents

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 3

SECTION ONE ................................................................................................................................................. 4

SECTION 1 LET’S DISCUSS ACTIVITY ...................................................................................................... 16

SECTION 1 LET’S TRY PRACTICE ACTIVITY .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Appendix 1 Quality requirements ................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Appendix 2 Safety checklist ........................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined.

Appendix 3 Tool List & Condition requirement.......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Appendix 4 Faults report .............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Appendix 5 Material List ............................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.

SECTION TWO .............................................................................................................................................. 17

SECTION 2 LET’S DISCUSS ACTIVITY ...................................................................................................... 25

SECTION 2 LET’S TRY PRACTICE ACTIVITY .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

SECTION THREE............................................................................................................................................ 27

SECTION 3 LET’S DISCUSS ACTIVITY ...................................................................................................... 32

SECTION 3 LET’S TRY PRACTICE ACTIVITY .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

SECTION FOUR ............................................................................................................................................. 33

SECTION 4 LET’S DISCUSS ACTIVITY ...................................................................................................... 36

SECTION 4 LET’S TRY PRACTICE ACTIVITY .............................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

Appendix 4 Faults report .............................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.

KNOWLEDGE OVERVIEW ACTIVITY .............................................................................................................. 37

SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING ACTIVITY CHECKLIST ................................................................................ 74

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS .......................................................................................................... 75

REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................................. 83

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Introduction
This Learner Guide & Workbook supports CPCCCA3008 - Construct eaves

This unit of competency specifies the skills and knowledge required to prepare, set out and construct eaves,
including the cutting and fixing of fascia and barges to provide a finish between the wall and the roof, meeting all
relevant requirements of the National Construction Code (NCC), Australian Standards, work health and safety
(WHS), and Commonwealth and state or territory legislation.

The unit includes:

 construction of boxed and raked eaves
 finishing of gable ends including verge and flush.

Completion of the general construction induction training program specified by the model Code of Practice for
Construction Work is required for any person who is to carry out construction work. Achievement of
CPCCWHS1001Prepare to work safely in the construction industry meets this requirement.

No licensing, legislative or certification requirements apply to this unit at the time of publication.

Before you begin

The content of this learner guide is designed to provide information relating to criteria outlined in the unit of
competency

For detailed information regarding this unit of competency click on the link
https://training.gov.au/Training/Details/CPCCCA3008

This guide uses a series of icons to help focus your learning

Case Practice activities. This icon asks you to consider a

study or matter. For example: Answer a question or reflect on
scenario your current work practices

Video Watch the You Tube clip or DVD extract - Please note
clip that website addresses can change from time to time.
If you can't access a website or tube link, try using a
search engine such as www.google.com.au to find
other relevant resources. If you can access a website
but can't find a relevant document, try searching for it
using the website's search engine or sitemap. Notify
your trainer/assessor immediately

Reading Extra support reading

material
These icons indicate suggested resources to assist
you such as Websites, Books or Journals, Policies and
Procedures

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 SECTION ONE
Plan and prepare

What you will learn

1.1 Read and interpret work instructions and plan sequence of

work.

1.2 Plan all work to comply with laws and regulations, the National
Construction Code (NCC), Australian Standards, work health and
safety (WHS) and environmental requirements, manufacturers’
specifications, workplace requirements, drawings and
specifications.

1.3 Select tools and equipment, check for serviceability and report
any faults.

1.4 Select and use personal protective equipment (PPE) as

required for each stage of the task.

1.5 Inspect work site, locate services, assess hazards and apply
risk controls, including required signage and barricades.

1.6 Select materials required for task, calculate quantities, handle

safely and prepare and position ready for use.

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Read and interpret work instructions and plan sequence of work

You will receive information relevant to the work task, which may include:

Instructions issued by Manufacturer

authorised specifications and
Diagrams or sketches Memos
organisational or instructions where
external personnel specified

Regulatory and
Organisation work legislative
Plans and
MSDS specifications and requirements
specifications
requirements pertaining to
constructing eaves

Safe work procedures

Relevant Australian Verbal or written and
related to constructing Signage
standards graphical instructions
eaves

Work bulletins Work schedules.

Conduct planning and preparation:

Work site inspection

Equipment defect identification

Assessment of conditions and hazards

Determination of work requirements.

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Plan all work to comply with laws and regulations, the National Construction
Code (NCC), Australian Standards, work health and safety (WHS) and
environmental requirements, manufacturers’ specifications, workplace
requirements, drawings, and specifications

Safety (OHS) is to be in accordance with state or territory legislation, regulations, codes of practice, organisational safety
policies and procedures, and project safety plan and may include:
• Emergency procedures, including extinguishing fires, organisational first aid requirements and evacuation
• Handling of materials
• Hazard control
• Hazardous materials and substances
• Safe operating procedures, including the conduct of operational risk assessment and treatments associated with
Earth leakage boxes, Lighting, Photovoltaic (solar) panels, Power cables, including overhead service trays,
cables and conduits, Restricted access barriers, surrounding structures, Traffic control, Trip hazards, Work site
visitors and the public. Working at heights, working in confined spaces, working in proximity to others, Working
with dangerous materials
• Organisational first aid
• Personal protective clothing and equipment prescribed under legislation, regulations and workplace policies and
practices
• Use of firefighting equipment
• Use of tools and equipment
• Workplace environment and safety.

Work, health, and safety

Safety during construction of the eaves is especially important. It may be easy to neglect safety here because this is seen
as a quick job; just frame up and install a few sheets, and it’s done! However, the work of installing eaves sheets can be
awkward to handle when they are large and flexible and must be placed into a small groove under the fascia. It can also
be extremely dangerous for people moving around under the workers because items may fall from the work area. Proper
signage on the site will help people to be aware of the risks.

Just as you built a working platform for the roofing part of the construction, try to use that same platform to provide a safe
check for working on the eaves. This means having a set-up that includes a handrail and toe rail to minimise the risk of
falling or dropping things on others (see the safe working at height information from your state authority). It will take some
organising to arrange for the eaves tradespeople to be ready when the roof tradespeople are finished, but the effort is well
worthwhile to ensure a safe working environment.

Eave’s work can be quite low to the ground in flat housing areas, or it may be extremely high, especially on sloping sites
and in two-storey houses. In all cases, assess the risk and plan the work to be able to achieve a good job in a safe
manner. There can be a lot of hazardous things to fall on to, and this can cause injury if not carefully planned around.

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Environmental requirements are identified for the project in accordance with environmental plans and statutory and
regulatory authority obligations and are applied.

Environmental requirements include:

Clean-up protection

Noise and dust

Vibration

Waste management.

The fibre-cement sheets manufactured today have no asbestos content. However, a carpenter often can work on
renovation or repair work, and eventually this will involve encountering asbestos sheeting. For many years, the main
material used for eaves lining contained asbestos, and a work-safe tradesperson often can work on renovation or repair
work, and eventually this will involve encountering asbestos sheeting.

For many years, the main material used for eaves lining contained asbestos, and a work-safe tradesperson will research
the latest methods for complete and safe removal of this dangerous material (see your state’s work safety authority
website or offices for further information).

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Select tools and equipment, check for serviceability, and report
any faults
Tools and equipment include:

Air compressors
Bevels Chisels Hammers
and hoses

Marking Measuring tapes

Hand saws Nail bags
equipment and rules

Power saws and

Nail guns Power drills Protractors
power leads

Squares
Saw stools Scaffolding Spirit levels
(combination/tri)

Preparation

Chalk lines, tapes, and pencils, along with large squares, encompass the main tools used for cutting fibre-cement sheets.

Eaves require the use of some specialist tools, such as fibro cutters (hand guillotines). These tools are like big scissors
that punch out a 5mm X 100mm slot and can be used to cut along a sheet. Fibro cutters are excellent if kept dry, and if
you don’t change the cutter bar by trying to cut other things with them.

Various types of building materials have been used over the years for the lining material, with the most suitable material
being that which is exceptionally durable, is strong enough to span the spacing’s of the support framing, and will provide a
smooth, flat surface.

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Select and use personal protective equipment (PPE) as required for each
stage of the task
When hazards in the workplace can't be eliminated or reduced by other risk controls, employers must provide personal
protective equipment and clothing (PPE).

Employees must be instructed in how to use PPE and clothing provided by the employer. They should be told why the use
of PPE is necessary before they start the job for which it has been provided.

Where PPE is provided, you must use it as you have been instructed to do.

Employers should make sure that the PPE they purchase complies with the relevant Australian Standard.

They must make sure that PPE is stored in a clean and fully operational condition, that it can be easily found when
needed and that it is safe from interference and damage.

PPE should be inspected regularly and before use to make sure it is in good working order. Damaged or defective PPE
must be reported at once. It must be tagged (to prevent its use until it has been repaired) or thrown away and replaced.

There are times when it will be necessary to use personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect workers from being
affected by certain hazards.

However, to most effectively remove or reduce the incidence of occupational injury or illness, the risks associated with
exposure to workplace hazards must be controlled at the source.

The following lists - in order of preference - the control strategies which should be considered for each hazard. This is the
'preferred order of control' or the 'hierarchy of control'. In some instances, a range of control methods may be needed.

Personal
Substitution or Engineering Administrative
Elimination Protective
Modification Controls Procedures
Equipment

PPE should only be used:

for situations
while other for emergencies where other
when no other
controls are and during control methods
control method is
being installed or maintenance don't provide
possible;
implemented; activities; enough
protection.

PPE should not be used:

just for the sake of it;

throughout an entire workplace/department unless it has been

identified as genuinely necessary.

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How to select PPE

Once the need for PPE has been established, the next task is to select the proper type. Use the following guidelines to
help ensure the best PPE is selected. Remember the employer must do all the following in consultation with the HSR:

Match the PPE to the hazard. There are no shortcuts to PPE selection. Conduct a
complete hazard assessment and choose the right PPE to match the hazards.

Get expert advice and shop around. Discuss your needs with an
occupational health and safety specialist and trained sales representatives.
Ask for alternatives, and check into product claims and test data. Any
proposed PPE must be approved and consistent with Australian standards

Involve the workers who need to use the PPE in evaluations. Various
models should be trialed by workers at the workplace so they have the
opportunity to evaluate them.

Consider the physical comfort of PPE (ergonomics). If a PPE device is

unnecessarily heavy or poorly fitted it is unlikely that it will be worn. Use
every opportunity to provide flexibility in the choice of PPE as long as it
meets required legislation and standards.

Evaluate cost considerations. The cost of PPE is often a concern and disposable
options are not always cheaper in the long term.

PPE refers to anything used or worn to minimise risk to workers' health and safety. This may include, but is not limited to:

boots ear plugs face masks gloves goggles hard hats

high visibility safety

respirators safety shoes sunscreen
clothing harnesses

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Inspect work site, locate services, assess hazards, and apply risk
controls, including required signage and barricades
Construction safety

Construction work can be particularly hazardous. Personal protective equipment, fire safety, electrical safety, confined
space entry, emergency preparedness, biological safety, chemical safety, hazardous waste disposal, vehicle safety and
other precautions are essential for safe construction work.

Follow these guidelines when visiting or working at construction sites:

Do not walk, stand, or work

under suspended loads. If you
Avoid placing unusual strain Be prepared for unexpected
raise a load, be sure to crib,
on equipment or materials. hazards. BE ALERT!
block, or otherwise secure the
load as soon as possible.

Barriers and Guards

Construction workers must use barriers and guards as necessary to protect employees, contractors, and visitors from
physical hazards. If you suspect a hazard is not sufficiently protected, notify the attending workers or Environmental
Health & Safety immediately.

NOTE: Barriers, guards, and warning signs are required to ensure safety against existing hazards.

Types of Barriers and Guards

Standard types of barriers and guards include the following:

Guardrails and handholds Tape Cones

Other physical barriers and

solid separators (dust
barriers, hazard barriers,
temporary walkways, etc.)

NOTE: Signs that state DANGER, WARNING, or CAUTION are also important when barriers or guards are necessary.
Remember to make signs legible, visible, and brief.

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Areas that Need Barriers or Guards

Any area that poses a physical threat to workers and/or pedestrians requires barriers or guards.

Areas that typically require permanent or temporary protection include the following:

Stairways Hatches Chutes Open Manholes

Areas with moving Temporary wall or

Elevated platforms Construction sites
machinery floor openings

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Select materials required for task, calculate quantities, handle
safely, and prepare and position ready for use
What are eaves?

Eaves are the part of the roof that hangs out over the walls to provide shade to the outside of your house. An eave is
formed when the ends of the rafters extend past the outside walls and hang over the side of the house.

Eaves are made up of two main portions: the fascia and the soffit. The fascia is a board that runs around the building
horizontally, beneath the eaves, to cover the ends of the roof’s protruding rafters. The soffit is the panelling which forms
the underside of the eaves.

Why installs eaves?

Eaves are important for a few reasons. Eaves encourage water to run off the side of your house rather than directly down
its walls. If water is allowed to run down walls, several leakage-related problems can come about.

First, leaks between the join of the roof and the walls might occur. Secondly, rain can leak into any below-ground storeys.
If eaves are installed, rain is shielded away from the walls rather than pooling around the footings where moisture would
be likely to encourage decay. Mud is also less likely to splatter back onto the walls if there are eaves installed.

Equally as importantly, eaves provide shading to windows which helps keep the interior of the house at a comfortable
temperature. Windows are responsible for much of the heat that's transferred in and out of a home, and strategically
placed eaves will help to ensure that you get sunlight through your windows during winter, and shade from the sun during
summer. Well placed eaves can have a significant effect on the climate control costs of a house.

Some modern houses are built without eaves - in these cases, it may be possible to improve shading with things like
plants or awnings.

How are eaves designed and constructed?

The width of an eave is related to the pitch of your roof. A steeply pitched roof will result in a narrow eave, and vice-versa.
The width of the eaves on north facing windows should be 45% of the height measured from the bottom of the window to
the top of the eave. This will ensure that the maximum amount of heat from the summer sun is blocked by the eaves,
while still allowing the warmth from winter sun to penetrate the window.

Eaves are normally also designed to incorporate guttering. Guttering which feeds into rainwater tanks is another way your
home can be designed to reduce bills and conserve natural resources.

Where are eaves appropriate

Eaves are especially appropriate for Australian climates. Shaded windows help keep your house cool, which reduces
need for artificial cooling, which in turn improves the energy efficiency of your home. In warmer climates in the north of
Australia in particular, eaves are a particularly important aspect of a roof.

Appropriate materials for the construction of eaves include:

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 Beads Timber Timber battens

Fibre cement Reconstituted Timber lining

sheeting timber products boards.

Joining mould Quads

Metal Plaster

Residential construction details

General

The fire resistance of the wall must be fully maintained. Care must be taken to ensure the fire resistance is not diminished
at the abutment with internal non-fire rated walls and at external walls. All gaps must be blocked to ensure that there is no
spread of flame during a fire.

It is particularly important to block the spread of fire in the roof space. Treatment at the eaves overhang is critical. Spread
of fire is prevented by extending the separating wall into the eaves.

This essential safeguard is often overlooked.

Construction details
Fire rated walls must not be supported on a non-fire rated structure. The wall can be supported on a concrete floor or
masonry.

The linings must cover the entire wall on both sides, except in Class 1 Buildings, where the external fire protection need
only extend to the eaves lining provided the eaves lining is non-combustible.

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Active Fire Protection (AFP) is a group of systems that require some amount of action or motion to work efficiently in the
event of a fire. Actions may be manually operated, like a fire extinguisher or automatic, like a sprinkler, but either way they
require some amount of action. AFP includes fire/smoke alarm systems, sprinkler systems, and fire extinguishers as well
as firefighters.

Fire/smoke alarm systems are used to detect whether there is fire and/or smoke in a building. Sprinkler systems are used
to help slow the growth of the fire. Fire extinguishers and firefighters are used to help put out the fire altogether.

Passive Fire Protection (PFP) is a group of systems that compartmentalize a building using fire-resistance rated
walls/floors. Compartmentalizing your building into smaller sections helps to slow or prevent the spread of fire/smoke from
one room to the next. PFP helps to limit the amount of damage done to a building and provides its occupants more time
for evacuation. PFP includes fire/smoke dampers, fire doors, and fire walls/floors.

Dampers are used to prevent the spread of fire/smoke throughout the building through its ductwork. Fire doors help to
compartmentalise a building. Firestopping helps to separate the building into compartments. Photoluminescent egress
path markers help light the way to safety.

Material that stays stable during different moisture environments and that doesn’t expand and contract much with different
temperature changes is most suited. These factors rule out the use of a timber-based material unless it has a section size
that provides stability.

Fibre-cement sheeting would be the material most used because it meets the previously mentioned requirements very
well as well as offering some degree of fire resistance (FRL). The process of constructing the framework to support the
eaves on a building will be influenced mostly by what type of eaves method is specified.

Fire considerations

The Building Code of Australia specifies situations where, if an external wall of a building is less than certain distances
from a boundary to the property, non-combustible materials are to be used. The plans and specifications for your job will
show what details are to be done for the work you are doing.

However, you need to be aware that most special materials may be needed if non-combustible materials are specified.
For example, metal gutter may be required, and fibre-cement sheeting will normally be used for eaves soffit lining
(although this is mainly because of its stability in moisture conditions, it may be a requirement as a non-combustible
material).

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SECTION 1 LET’S DISCUSS ACTIVITY

As a group, discuss the following.

1. Mitch and his work crew have arrived on-site. Their work task for the day is to set out and construct box eaves. What
critical tasks must they do before they commence? Outline 4 tasks.

2. Use the scale indicated on the plan to determine the length of the front of the house.

Refer to the BGC Fibre Cement Sheets SDS to complete questions 3, 4, 8, 13, 14 and 15.

SDS: http://bgcinnovadesign.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/BGC-FC_Innova_MSDS_Sept_2018.pdf

3. For what is the product used?

4. What are the potential hazards related to fibre cement sheets?

5. How do you determine the length at which rafter tails should be cut?

6. What is the best way for an organisation to promote workplace OHS/WHS policies and procedures to employees?
What should an employee do if they are unsure of their work instructions?

7. How should dust generated from fibre cement sheets be cleaned up?

8. The task of constructing eaves presents risks such as working at heights hazards. What safety measures and PPE
should be adopted? List 4.

9. What 18 tools and equipment are used in the construction of most standard boxed eaves with cement sheet soffit?

10. Why are nail guns more suitable for fixing eave framing timbers than hand nailing?

11. How do you determine the number of fibre cement sheets required for eaves lining?

12. How should flammable and hazardous substances be stored?

13. What is the thickness of a standard fibre cement eave sheet suitable for using as soffit for an eave overhang of
450mm?

14. Describe the safe handling practices of fibre cement sheets.

15. Detail the disposal requirements for fibre cement sheets.

16. What environmental regulations apply to construction sites? Give 4 examples.

17. The Building Code of Australia confirms that a brick veneer wall with non-flammable eaves lining meets the ‘FRL’
rating of 60/60/60. What eaves lining is classed as ‘non-flammable’?

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 SECTION TWO
Construct framework for eaves or soffits

What you will learn

2.1 Determine eaves design from drawings and specifications and
set out and fix framework.

2.2 Set out, mark and cut timber and steel framework members to
lengths for framework structure.

2.3 Construct boxed eaves with soffit bearers and fix to line and
level to wall frame or support by hangers from rafters/trusses.

2.4 Set-out and install eave supports.

Determine eaves design from drawings and specifications and set

out and fix framework
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Incorporating eaves and overhangs provides several important benefits, into your structures such as:

Shading walls from Keeping direct sun off the

excessive solar gain window glazing

Protecting large areas of

Allowing windows to be left
walling from rain, keeping
open for comfort ventilation
wall surfaces relatively dry
while still providing shelter
and free from staining and
from rain and
mould growth.

Unfortunately, the recent trend to reduce the width of traditional eaves and, in some instances to eliminate eaves
altogether, usually to reduce costs, deprives the homeowner of these benefits and increases running costs of comfort
measures, such as air-conditioning.

The main eaves finish types are:

Raked eaves lined under Raked eaves lined on

Level eaves the rafters on the rafter top of the rafters on the
slope rafter slope

Simple spanning eaves Boxed eaves

Most homes built today use level eaves, many older homes used raked eaves, with the oldest having the lining of the
eaves on top of the rafters. The choice of eaves finish type will depend on what the owner wants and the look they are
trying to achieve.

Raked eaves are normally associated with older-style homes, and sometimes new homes must match this style. There is
more maintenance on a home with exposed rafter tails because the weather can cause the tails to deteriorate.

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Framing

Sheets can be fixed to either timber or light gauge steel framing. They can also be used with proprietary suspended metal
framing systems normally used in commercial applications

Frames should be straight and true to provide a flush face to receive the sheeting. A maximum tolerance of between 3mm
and 4mm in any 3000mm length of frame will give the best results. Lining sheets will not straighten excessively warped or
distorted frames and this warping may still be visible after the decorative coating is applied.

Boxed eaves

 Support and fixing

All sheet edges supported on framing for 4.5mm thick HardiFlex eaves lining and sheets, Versilux lining, 6mm HardiFlex
sheets and Versilux lining for eaves widths to 1200mm, Tables 2 and 3 provide the maximum bearer and fastener centres
for non-cyclonic and cyclonic wind loading classifications, where all sheet edges are supported on framing.
For boxed eaves, the long edges of eaves lining sheets are continuously supported along the fascia and external wall.
The short edges of sheets are jointed on and supported by the bearers, by fitting into PVC straight joints.

Simple spanning eaves

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NOTE: Fasteners must not be overdriven as this can reduce the holding capacity of the sheet. If nailing depth cannot be
controlled adequately when gun nailing, under-drive fasteners then tap flush with a hammer. Adhesives must not be used
to attach sheets to the frame. Class 3 external grade finish must be used for all external applications.

Self-embedding head screws must not be used in 4.5mm thick sheets.

The required fastener spacings for sheets are given in the Tables provided under each section. Locate fasteners not less
than 12mm from sheet edges and 50mm from sheet corners.

Coastal areas

Fasteners must have the appropriate level of durability required for the intended project. This is of particular importance in
coastal areas, areas subject to salt spray and other corrosive environments.

Fasteners must be fully compatible with all other material that they are in contact with to ensure the durability and integrity
of the assembly.

Contact fastener manufacturers for more information.

Eave’s design

May incorporate verandas, concealed

Includes sloping soffits and boxed eaves
gutters and open eaves

Soffits

Residential: Includes verandas, carports and larger covered areas associated with the sprawling style of residences
popular today.

Support and fixing

Where framing is to be suspended, a proprietary metal framing system may provide a suitable alternative to timber
framing.

Elevation plans

Once you have completed drawing your detailed floor plans, you'll still need to create a few more construction drawings.
In addition to the floor plans, you will need to provide your builder and local planning department with elevation drawings
and cross-section drawings.

The elevation plans are scaled drawings which show all four sides of the home with all perspective flattened. These plans
are used to give the builder an overview of how the finished home will look and the types of exterior finishing materials. It
will also provide information about the elevation of the ground on the various faces of the home. For the local planning
department, they will need these drawings to insure that the local building code is being adhered to.
You will be creating four elevation views, one for each side of the house (regardless of whether your home is of a
conventional shape or not). Usually, these drawings are drawn to a scale of 1’: 1/4". Check with your builder and planning
department as to what scale they prefer these drawings to be.

For each side of the house, elevation drawings should show:

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 Any exterior
Each wall length The roof width and The visible portion features (such as
and its height height of the foundation decks, porches and
stairs)

Exterior wall and

roof finishing’s (e.g.
Window and door wood siding on The finished ground
Eaves troughs
trim exterior walls, levels
asphalt shingles on
roof)

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Set out, mark, and cut timber and steel framework members to lengths for framework structure

The plans for the house will indicate the eaves width. You will need to transfer this measurement on to the rafter tails so
that they can be cut to the correct length. When the fascia is attached, the correct eaves width will be achieved and the
groove on the bottom inside of the fascia will establish the height of the eaves.

The fascia must be attached so that it is level and straight because this is seen upon approach to the house and will be an
initial indicator of the quality of the workmanship throughout the whole house. Eventually, the gutter will be attached to the
fascia, unless the gutter forms the fascia. This type of fascia has a groove in the back of it to take the eaves soffit lining is
commonly called a `fascia gutter.’

If the fascia is timber, then it will be necessary to join it at some stage. Although it is quite easy to get fascia up to 7.2m in
length, many houses require much longer fascia, and it becomes necessary to join shorter lengths. Joining is commonly
done by cutting a 45” angle on the end of the two pieces of fascia and then fixing them together with a backing piece of
timber behind them. As there will always be some movement with a fascia join, the join should be planned to be out of the
main visible area of the fascia. Set the mitre so that if the join does open, the opening won’t be visible from the main
entrances to the house.

Framing for the support of the lining material involves trimming as efficiently as possible with supports for fixing the eaves
lining. Usually this is done with lighter section-size material than that used for wall framing—for example, 70mm X 35mm
(AS 1684).

The recommended procedure for designing the structural timber framework is to determine first the preliminary location
and extent of bracing and tie-down and then the basic frame layout in relation to the floor plan and the proposed method
of frame construction. Individual member sizes are determined by selecting the roof framing timbers and then
systematically working through the remainder of the framework to the footings, or by considering the floor framing through
to the roof framing. Bracing and tie-down requirements should also be considered when determining the basic frame
layout to ensure any necessary or additional framing members are correctly positioned. The flow chart below provides
guidance.

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Construct boxed eaves with soffit bearers and fix to line and level
to wall frame or support by hangers from rafters/trusses
Several techniques can be used to construct eaves on a dwelling:

The traditional method of boxed eaves incorporates eaves/soffit bearers spanning between the fascia and the external
wall of the building. The eaves lining sheets are fixed to, and supported by, the bearers and along the external wall and
fascia.

Boxed eaves

All sheet edges supported on framing for 4.5mm thick HardieFlex eaves lining and sheets, Versilux lining, 6mm
HardieFlex sheet and Versilux lining for eaves widths to 1200mm, Tables 2 and 3 provide the maximum bearer and
fastener centres for non-cyclonic and cyclonic wind loading classifications, where all sheet edges are supported on
framing. For boxed eaves, the long edges of eaves lining sheets are continuously supported along the fascia and external
wall.
The short edges of sheets are jointed on and supported by the bearers, by fitting into PVC straight joints.

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Set-out and install eave supports
When trimming on a brick or masonry-veneer building that has timber wall frames, there needs to be an allowance made
for the shrinkage that will occur within the wall and floor framing (unless the floor is a concrete slab). In the case of
masonry-veneer buildings, 12mm needs to be provided between the soffit bearer and the top of the masonry. Timber
shrinkage occurs across the grain, so any framing that has grain at 90° to the vertical will shrink and cause settlement of
the framing.

Of course, unseasoned timber will more than the more common seasoned timber used today by most builders; the
allowance for shrinkage can be as much as 30mm for a two-storey building at the eaves with unseasoned timber framing
for walls and floors. With concrete floors and seasoned timber wall frames, on the other hand, the allowance can be
10mm at the eaves. Now is also the time to provide trimming for later electrical or security fitments.

Eave’s structure members are securely fixed, including back blocking and trimmers

Framing is fixed to provide support for the eaves lining in straight lines and to be solid enough for later nailing of the eaves
lining. Power nail guns are well suited for eaves trimming because often the light timbers are springy, and the nail guns
will shoot and hold the timber well. If metal framing is being used, then screws are the most common fasteners to use.
The main principal of trimming for sheet materials is that there needs to be support for all edges of the sheet material.

Trimmers are installed where primary ceiling support members such as girders, trusses, and joists, change direction
within a room.

Back-blocking is a method for reinforcing plasterboard joints to minimise joint cracking and peaking. The method for back-
blocking is easy and I will explain how to do it in this article.

It is not necessary to back-block recessed wall joints, only ceilings joints and butt joints.

Back-blocks are, they are off cuts of plasterboard that fit between your trusses or metal battens 200mm wide minimum
and 400mm length for (450mm trusses/metal batten) or 550mm length for (600mm truss/metal batten).

The Australian standard states that any joints that span at 600mm need to back blocked. Joints that span over 450mm
only need to back blocked if there are over 3 ceiling joints in the room.

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SECTION 2 LET’S DISCUSS ACTIVITY

As a group, discuss the following.

Review the detail drawings below, then answer questions 1 & 2.

1. What is the length of the eave overhang?

2. What type of fascia is being installed?

3. Provide a description of the following techniques used to construct eaves:

 Boxed eaves
 Simple spanning eaves

 Raked eaves

4. Explain how framing is constructed to support the lining material. Include the material and tools that are used.

5. What components does the framework for a boxed gable consist of?

6. If the eaves framing sits above the top brick of a brick veneer wall, how much ‘gap’ should be left between these two
components to allow for frame settlement?

7. When trimming on a brick or masonry-veneer building that has timber wall frames, there needs to be an allowance
made for the shrinkage that will occur within the wall and floor framing (unless the floor is a concrete slab). In a masonry-
veneer building, what allowance needs to be provided between the soffit bearer and the top of the masonry?

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8. When the barge board has been attached and the groove on the inside bottom of the barge has been fitted under the
verge rafter, you need to ensure that framing is in place to support the raked eaves lining material. What does this
involve?

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 SECTION THREE
Line and clad eaves and soffits

What you will learn

3.1 Mark and cut eaves cladding and sheeting material to shape to
suit task application and jointing methods.

3.2 Fit, join and fix eaves lining, cladding and soffits using methods
for type of material and task application.

3.3 Fit and fix mouldings to finish eaves.

3.4 Fit raked eaves to rafters or framing.

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Mark and cut eaves cladding and sheeting material to shape to suit task application and jointing methods

Eave’s lining

Protection from the environment plays an important part in the thermal comfort and durability of houses, in both cool and
hot climates. A simple method is to extend the roof well over the external walls of the typical house to form an eaves
overhang or, if further extended, a veranda.

Lining the soffit

Fibre-cement sheets are usually held in place with soft sheet nails. These are plated for protection and may have no point
(a flat end) on them so that they punch their way through. If you are nailing near an edge of the sheet the spreading may
cause the sheet to split.

Marking the sheets for fitting requires planning and care. It is not unusual to mark and cut sheets upside down and
consequently to waste the sheet, because of poor planning. One way to overcome this is to mark the sheet upside down
with the sheet lying on saw stools and boards as near as possible to its eventual placement position. Mark the sheet to its
eventual placement, checking your marks again before cutting. Sheets may require the help of other people to lift them
because they can be brittle, especially when damp.

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Fit, join, and fix eaves lining, cladding and soffits using methods
for type of material and task application
Sheets are usually joined using fibro joining strips. These plastic strips fit into the last installed sheet and have a wide
back to assist placement of the next sheet. Don’t make the common beginners mistake of putting the wide back into the
fitted sheet and then trying to fit the next sheet into the narrower back. The last sheet can be fitted by trimming the back
off the joining strip, or by bowing the sheet into the end grooves and then sliding the sheet across into the fascia groove.

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Fit and fix mouldings to finish eaves
Finish off the eaves to the walls by fitting a moulding against the wall and fixing it up into the eave’s trimmers. It should be
fitted in such a way that it can move down with any movement of the walls or roof with timber settlement. Of course, if
steel frames are used, then settlement is not an issue. The moulding will be run along the walls and up the gables (if
raked), with the shape of the moulding being chosen to complement the house. The moulding should be constructed out
of a material that is stable and durable, as it will be exposed to the weather.

The barge
‘Barge’ is the term given to the material (either timber or metal) that provides a finish between the roof and the eaves or
wall. A barge is different to a fascia in that it is attached on the slope of the roof, while fascia is attached on the level.
Often, the same material is used for fascia and barge. Like a fascia, a barge can have a groove in the bottom inside for
fitting the eaves sheet if the eaves are lined on the slope. If the gable of the roof has a boxed gable finish, then the barge
will overlap the vertical finish to the boxed gable. This barge has the important function of providing a finish and giving us
the ability to waterproof the whole roof. Flashing can be overlapped on to the side of the barge to provide a waterproof
roof.

The height at which the barge is attached depends on the finish of the eaves and the roof covering. If the eaves are lined
on the slop, then the groove on the bottom inside of the barge will be set to allow the eaves lining to fit into the groove and
attach to the bottom of the outrigger trimmers. Of course, the width of the barge board will have to be ordered or ripped so
that the top of the barge doesn’t interfere with the roof cladding. If the barge is overlapping the boxed gable cladding, then
the width of the barge or metal doesn’t matter.

Raked eaves on an open gable

When the barge board has been attached and the groove on the inside bottom of the barge has been fitted under the
verge rafter, you need to ensure that framing is in place to support the raked eaves lining material. This will usually mean
trimming down the side of the gable so that the sheeting can be supported against the building. If brickwork is being used
as external finishing, then the gable finish will be like the level eaves around then rest of the house. The soffit lining sheet
is then fitted into the groove and fixed up to the underside of the outriggers, with moulding fixed against the sheeting to
complete the job.

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Fit raked eaves to rafters or framing
Eaves lined on the rake
The eaves can be lined on the rake either on top of or under the rafter tails. If lining is to be done on top of the rafters,
then place the lining on the rafters before the roof battens are fixed. Finish from underneath the eaves by placing
moulding wherever it is needed to provide the required finish, and by providing eaves ventilation where needed.

Raked eaves with exposed rafters

The eaves will need to be lined on the rake under the rafter tails once the fascia is completed so that the raked eaves
sheeting can be inserted into the groove in the fascia. One method will expose the rafter tails, and the other will cover
them up. Although many older homes have the rafters exposed, this is more difficult to maintain and harder to clean.

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SECTION 3 LET’S DISCUSS ACTIVITY

As a group, discuss the following.

1. Discuss how fibre-cement sheets are fitted and fixed to the soffit.

2. What is a fibro joining strip?

3. Explain how the last fibre-cement sheet is fitted to the soffit.

4. What mouldings are commonly used to cover the junction of eave sheet and brick wall?

5. Eave sheets for boxed eaves are supported by and fixed to eave framing. What are eave sheets fixed to on sloping
eaves?

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 Clean
SECTION FOUR up,
Clean up

What you will learn

4.1 Clean up, meeting all legislative and workplace requirements

for safety, waste disposal and materials handling.

4.2 Check, maintain and store tools and equipment and rectify or
report any faults.

meeting all legislative and workplace requirements for safety, waste disposal and materials handling

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Cleaning up

Often, in renovation jobs, the task will be to remove old eaves and install new ones using modern materials. A lot of older
buildings used asbestos cement sheet for eaves lining, and this must be removed and discarded according to the current
requirements in your area.

In a few rare cases, masonite was used for eaves. This material warped and moved with atmospheric moisture level
changes and will need replacing. It cannot be reused, so follow the local waste regulations for your area.

At the completion of the eaves lining stage of the construction, the outside of the building is usually close to completion,
so other trades such as painters can get started. A thorough clean-up at this stage will make it easier for the other trades,
and a tidy site will make a better impression. As this is often called the `lock-up’ stage of a dwelling, a claim for a progress
payment may be made to the owner.

Summary

Constructing eaves may be the first part of the building process that results in materials that are finished and visible to
anyone looking at the building once it is completed.

The framing carpentry needs to be in line, straight, and planned so that surface finishes end up where you want a good
finish to the house.

Take your time at this stage—you are sometimes dealing with fragile materials, and you need to end up with a good, gap-
free finish to the building.

It is important to have straight lines in your eaves work. Fascia, barge, and eaves are finished product parts of the job and
they will reveal how particular the tradesman is. Sometimes the framing carpentry will be seen in an exposed open-roof
house.

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Check, maintain and store tools and equipment and rectify or
report any faults
Plant
Plant is “any machinery, equipment (including scaffolding), appliance, implement or tool and any component or fitting
thereof or accessory thereto.”

Plant is machinery that processes material by way of a mechanical action which

Cuts, drills, punches or grinds

Presses forms, hammers, joins, or moulds material

Combines, mixes, sort, packages, assembles, knits or weaves material.

Plant also includes lifts, cranes, tractors, earth moving equipment, pressure equipment, hoists, powered mobile plant,
plant that lifts or moves people or materials, amusement structures, high powered lasers, turbines, explosive powered
tools, scaffolds, chisels, saws, photocopiers, desks, filing cabinets and temporary access equipment.

Plant should be maintained, cleaned, and inspected in accordance with the recommendations of the designer,
manufacturer and supplier including all safety features and warning devices maintained and tested regularly. Where
practicable the systems of work (SOP) should involve the stopping plant before maintenance, cleaning or repairs are
commenced and the use of lockout or isolation devices and permit to work systems.

Where plant is currently in use, supervisors are required to carry out regular inspections to monitor risks to safety and
health.

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SECTION 4 LET’S DISCUSS ACTIVITY

As a group, discuss the following.

1. How should the fibre cement sheets be stored?

2. At the completion of the eaves lining stage of the construction, the outside of the building is usually close to completion,
so other trades such as painters can get started. How must you leave the site, before other trades arrive?

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HOLISTIC LET’S TRY ACTIVITY
1.1 As part of your preparation before commencing work, you will participate in a 30-minute pre-start toolbox talk with
members of your work crew (classmates) facilitated by your site supervisor (classmate). At the toolbox talk you will
participate in a short health and safety refresher discussions for today’s task, refreshing existing safety-focused
knowledge, ensuring compliance with specific legal requirements, and making certain that when the day ends, every
employee goes home healthy and safe.

1.1.1 Participation in the toolbox talk requires you to discuss together:

Listen to information relating to the task and safety requirements (attachment 4 and 5). Ensure you
communicate effectively and demonstrate communication skills to enable clear and direct communication,
using questioning to identify and confirm requirements, share information, listen, and understand
instructions to verbalise the safety tips to follow.
 Discuss common hazards and assess the condition of the work area relating to the SWMS (attachment 4 and 5).
 Review all work instructions, including plans & specifications, quality requirements and operational details
(attachment 1 – 25A) aiming to determine the requirements and ensure compliance with the laws and
regulations, the National Association of Steel-framed Housing (NASH) Standards (attachment 19A) and the
National Construction Code (NCC) (attachment 19), Australian Standards, work health and safety (WHS) and
environmental requirements (attachment 1-5), manufacturers’ specifications (attachment 22A,22B, 22C, 23, 23A,
23B, 23C, 23D, 23E, 23F, 24, 24A 24B, 25, 25A), workplace requirements, drawings and specifications
(attachment 10).

1.1.1.1 Determine processes to plan, set out and prepare to construct and erect pitched roofs. Consider
the requirements by:

 Reading and interpreting work instructions (attachment 4,5,6,7,8),

 Reading and interpreting working drawings and specification (attachment 10) and manufacturer’s
instruction guides (attachment 22A,22B, 22C, 23, 23A, 23B, 23C, 23D, 23E, 23F, 24, 24A 24B, 25, 25A)
to plan the sequence of work.

1.1.1.2 Together discuss the sequence of work.to construct and erect pitched roofs safely and
compliantly in accordance with the SWMS provided (attachment 4 and 5). Ensure to plan all work to
comply with the:

 laws and regulations, - Refer to attachment 11 – 18 - Code of Practice

 National Construction Code (NCC)/Australian Standards, - Refer to attachment 19 NCC code
 AS 1684 Residential timber-framed construction and manufacturers’ specification work health and
safety (WHS) and environmental requirements, - Refer to Attachment 1 – 5.
 NASH standards (attachment 19A)
 environmental requirements (attachment 1 – 5) including but not limited to:
- clean up protection
- noise and dust
- vibration
- waste management
- to use tools, plant, and equipment safely and effectively as per SWMS and safety plans (Attachment 1-5)
 manufacturers’ specifications, - Refer to the equipment and materials provided, and search online as required
and refer to attachment 22 – 25A
 workplace requirements -Refer to attachment 1 – 25A and site supervisor instructions – SWMS (attachment 4
and 5) drawings and specifications. - Refer to attachment 7 and attachment 10
 work task requirements for:
- planning and preparation, including documentation, safety, tools, equipment and materials, and environmental
requirements and regulations
- setting out, and preparing to construct eaves or soffits, line and clad eaves and soffits.
- cleaning up and checking that tools are ready for the next job.

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1.1.1.2.1 Discussions around prevention of injury, near misses and death include but not limited to:

 Is the weather condition appropriate to avoid extreme heat/cold if working outside?

 Are ladders stable and properly secured or tied off?
 What constitutes appropriate PPE?
 Has the position of ropes and extension cords determined so they are not underfoot?
 Determine the proper use of ropes, cords and safety harness as required
 The requirement to sweep the roof before and after work and make sure it is clear of dirt and debris
Installation of guardrails whenever possible
The importance of guarding openings on roofs appropriately, ensuring roof is properly covered and labelled with
visible warning signs to prevent workers from leaning on or falling into them.
 Is signage visible in the work area

1.1.1.2.2 Roof safety discussions include:

 Basic Roof Housekeeping Standards

 Demonstrating the Proper Operation of nail guns, power drills, power saws and power leads
 Safety Measures for Job-built Ladders
 Identifying Potential Heat Illnesses and How to Avoid Them
 Pre-use Checks for Specific Roofing Equipment
 Proactively Preventing Horseplay to Avoid Slips, Trips, and Falls
 A risk of a person falling more than 2 metres
 Work in an area at a workplace in which there is any movement of powered mobile plant
 Work on or near energised electrical installations or services

1.1.1.3 Your trainer will observe you participating in the toolbox meeting ensuring you can effectively communicate onsite.
When communicating with your crew whilst working, your trainer will observe your ability to:

 use language and concepts appropriate to cultural differences and varying physical and mental abilities
 demonstrate teamwork skills to work with others to action tasks as necessary
 demonstrate teamwork skill to respectfully communicate with your team regardless of cultural and ethnic
backgrounds and those with varying physical and mental abilities
 Determine task requirements as mistakes can create an unsafe situation and could be very costly to the
organisation
 Share information as per interpretations from a variety of documentation communications, i.e., SWMS/induction
checklist/plans and drawings (attachment 1-25A)
 Listen carefully to questions and ensure you understand the problems before responding
 Use questioning to ensure understanding of the information/steps instructed
 Use both verbal and nonverbal (gestures, signs, hand signals) to convey information
 Use workplace documentation (plans, blueprints, specifications to follow and communicate instructions
 Use visual communication where appropriate
 Clearly explain and clarify the purpose/goal of each task
 Use appropriate and relevant language or terminology
 use and interpret non-verbal communication, such as hand signals, body language, for clarification
 establish the individual contributions to team activities required
 confirm with others in the team their required contribution and abilities to complete activities safely.
 use technological skills to as appropriate and use a range of mobile technology, such as two-way radio and
mobile phones especially when communicating with those at a distance.

1.1.1.4 Good communication is essential in all construction tasks because, in most situations, you will be working with a
partner or a team. The challenge of communicating while completing a construction task is that you will usually be working
some distance from your partner on a noisy worksite. Carpenters traditionally use hand signals to pass messages to each
other At the toolbox meeting practice the commonly used voice and hand signals, ensuring you and your team are clear
about what they are and mean before commencing work. Good communication is essential in all construction tasks
because, in most situations, you will be working with a partner or a team. The challenge of communicating while
completing a construction task is that you will usually be working some distance from your partner on a noisy worksite.
Carpenters traditionally use hand signals to pass messages to each other.
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 Stop travel Travel forward Horizontal movements

Raise the boom Stop or hold the load Lower a little

Back up Move forward stop Slow down

1.1.1.4.1 At the end of the toolbox meeting sign the Safe work method and responsibility statement (appendix 1) agreeing
you have been consulted, instructed in, and fully understand the content of this SWMS (attachment 4 and 5) and your
responsibilities to always work safely.

Complete SWMS and Responsibilities agreement (appendix 1)

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APPENDIX 1 SAFE WORK METHOD & RESPONSIBILTY
STATEMENT

Worker consultation, instruction and sign off

All workers must sign below before commencing work covered by this SWMS: I have been consulted, instructed in, and
fully understand the content of this SWMS
Worker’s name Signature Date Worker’s name Signature Date

I declare part of the toolbox meeting I have been instructed, and fully understand I am responsible for the following:
☐Responsible for identifying and assessing the hazards associated with the works and documenting the hazard control
measures to be taken.
☐Responsible for compliance with Work Health and Safety (WHS) legislation, regulations, standards, codes, and the
site-specific Sites Safety Rules.
☐Responsible for assessing and monitoring your subcontractors' capabilities, and for making sure they meet WHS
requirements.
☐Responsible for managing the acquisition and communication of WHS information to managers, supervisors and
people working on site.
☐Responsible for preparing, maintaining, and making accessible the register of hazardous substances.
☐Responsible for maintaining first-aid stocks.
☐Responsible for managing accident and emergency procedures.
☐Responsible for keeping WHS records.
☐Responsible for making sure that the Site Safety Rules are available and provided to people who may work on or visit
the Site.
☐Responsible for workplace injury management and rehabilitation.
☐Responsible for managing communication between Health and Safety Committees (where applicable).
☐Responsible for displaying the Site Safety Rules on noticeboards and other suitable locations on site.
All work is to be carried out in accordance with: Work health and safety act 2011
☐Australian Standard 1684.2-99: Residential timber framed construction
☐Australian Standard 4440-97: Installation of nail plated timber
Plant and equipment
☐All equipment is to be maintained, checked, and inspected in accordance with the manufacturer and WorkSafe
requirements.
☐Register of all workers engaged in this Scope of Works
Print name Signed Date

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1.2 Plan to prepare personal protective equipment (PPE), complete the PPE register (appendix 2). To do this:

 Select the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) as required for each stage of the task as outlined in
the SWMS (attachment 4,5) and organisational procedures (attachment 1 – 4)
 Ensure PPE required to be used for this task complies with the appropriate Australian Standards.
 any faults in the condition of any of the PPE/equipment are reported to the Site Supervisor (classmate for action.
 Sign of to confirm you have received the listed PPE with appropriate instruction/training in its correct use.

Complete the PPE register selecting the required PPE as outlined in the SWMS (attachment 4 and 5) –
Appendix 2

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APPENDIX 2 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)

Was a fault identified if so, record Signature of recipient

the issue and report it to your
Applicable supervisor
I have received the
(Tick all applicable Item supplied listed PPE with
items from the list appropriate
below) You must identify at least one issue instruction/training in
with the protective equipment provided its correct use.
and record the action taken below

Electrical hazards:

☐ Gloves and eye protection

Falls: Harness gear & head

protection
☐

Exposure to chemicals:
Respiratory dust mask,
Respirator & gloves
☐

Heat hazards: Specialized

clothing & gloves
☐

Struck-by: Hard hat & boots

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 Airborne hazards: Hard hat &
safety glasses, Respiratory dust
☐ mask

Intense lighting: Specialized eye

protection
☐

Rolling or pinching objects:

Heavy duty gloves & boots
☐

Sharp objects: Hard hat, anti-

puncture boots, and leather
gloves
☐

Use of power tools - Hearing

protection
☐

High visibility clothing

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1.3 Plan and prepare to inspect the work site, locate services, assess hazards, and apply risk controls. To do this
complete the Workplace Inspection Checklist (appendix 3) inspecting the work activity(s) and work area, identifying and
applying risk controls for at least 1 hazard as outlined in the checklist (appendix 3). Investigate the identified hazard and
implement control measures to eliminate and/or minimise the likelihood of an incident or injury.

Complete the Workplace Inspection Checklist (appendix 3)

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APPENDIX 3 WORKPLACE INSPECTION CHECKLIST
Workplace Inspection

Workplace Date

Inspected
Signature
By

Item Correct Action Priority Close Out Close Out

Item Action By
Yes, No n/a 123 By Date

Access/Egress

Access paths clear ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Access paths defined (signage ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

tape, other)

Prohibited areas display warning ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

signs and barricaded

Dust/Air Quality

Dust suppressed/watered down ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Stockpiles protected from wind ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Electrical

Electrical equipment tested & ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

tagged

Register of tagging current ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Portable generator fitted RCD ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Portable Residual Current Device ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

(RCD) tested/ tagged

First Aid/Emergency/Injury

First aid kit provided ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Kit stocks refreshed ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

First Aid Officer available ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Evacuation procedure in place ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Emergency contacts displayed ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

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 Item Correct Action Priority Close Out Close Out
Item Action By
Yes, No n/a 123 By Date

Fire extinguisher/equipment ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

available

Manual Handling

Trolleys/aids in use ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

SWMS followed ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Training/job rotation undertaken ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Hazardous Substances/Dangerous Goods

Register current ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

MSDS available ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

SWMS lists precautions for use ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Storage area bunded

Refuelling SWMS followed ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Register current ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Height work

Perimeter protection ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Handrails in place ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Penetrations covered ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Fall restraint/arrest system in use ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

SWMS followed i.e., scaffolding & ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Ladders

Housekeeping

Materials stacked ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Work area lit ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Bins available & in use ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Signage in place ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

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 Item Correct Action Priority Close Out Close Out
Item Action By
Yes, No n/a 123 By Date

Leads suspended ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Walkway/stairs/work area clear ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Noise

Plant & equipment maintained ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Site hours observed ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Noisy works identified ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Hearing protection used (SWMS) ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Personal Protective Equipment

Used when required (SWMS) ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Correctly used by employees ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Plant & Equipment

Plant registers current ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Maintenance records provided ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Daily logbook completed ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Operator ticketed/competency ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

verified

SWMS followed ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Public Protection

Work area secure from public ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Overhead protection provided ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Stormwater/run off

Silt control fences in place ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Stormwater inlets protected ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Discharges contained, e.g., pump ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

out, slurry/other

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 Item Correct Action Priority Close Out Close Out
Item Action By
Yes, No n/a 123 By Date

Training – You have:

General industry (safety ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

awareness) training

Site specific induction training ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Work activity (SWMS) training ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Vegetation

Fencing around drip line of ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

retained trees

No material/equipment stored ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

within drip line

Waste Management

Waste reduction plan in place ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

Waste contractor records ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

available

Bins for litter/cigarette butts/other ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

provided

Hazardous wastes captured & ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA ☐1 ☐2 ☐3

correct disposal, e.g., paint
sludge/ contaminated soil/other

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 All items noted for correction have been rectified

Explain what action was taken and the risk control implemented to mitigate this risk?

Name Signed

Date Time

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1.4 Prepare and plan to check plant, tools, and equipment for serviceability and faults. Ensure all plant, tools and
equipment is inspected and maintained in accordance with the relevant standard and manufacturer’s recommendations.
(Attachment 22A,22B, 22C, 23, 23A, 23B, 23C, 23D, 23E, 23F, 24, 24A 24B, 25, 25A)

1.4.1 Consider the effect of all plant, tools, and equipment on the environment as documented in the Safe Work Method
Statement (attachment 4 and 5) by completing the prestart checklist. Use each checklist for:

 serviceability and faults, identifying at least one fault in appendix 4a plant, tools and equipment pre-start checklist
and reporting using appendix 4C safety equipment condition report
 reporting identified faults verbally to your supervisor (classmate). When reporting fault refer to the WHS plan
(attachment 2)

1.4.1 1. Update the electrical tools & equipment register (appendix 4B)/ The register (appendix 4B) must be completed
prior to commencement of the works and maintained for the duration of the works on site. All electrical equipment
including leads, portable power tools, junction boxes and earth leakage, or residual current, devices must be inspected
and tested by a suitably qualified person and labelled with a tag of currency before being used on site. Check the tags for
all equipment listed (appendix 4C) when completing the electrical register (appendix 4C). Ensure when doing your checks:

• Electrical leads are suspended where required.

• Power tools and leads are tested and tagged within the last 3 months by a qualified electrician.
• All electrical fittings comply with AS 3000 wiring rules
• All temporary electrical fittings are fitted with an earth leakage/residual current device
• All plant and equipment are checked regularly in accordance with the relevant Code of Practice (attachment
11,12,13)
• All fittings to extension cords to be either non-rewireable (moulded) or transparent
• All leads and power cables are supported above work area and passageway to provide clear access for
personnel and vehicles
• Only approved portable multi-boards are to be used

1.4.1.2 Ensure all defective equipment is isolated (appendix 4C), reported and recorded according to procedures. You will
need to verify the problems and equipment faults and respond appropriately. For instance, with lifting equipment or load
restraints that have been deemed defective by a competent person, an “Out of Service” is to be attached and the item
returned to the supervisor for repair or replacement. In other cases, equipment that is marked as defective or unusable
may be discarded entirely. Failing to comply with safety requirements can result in injury or death. You may be deemed
personally at fault if you intentionally or recklessly interfere with work health safety policy and procedure.

Note: Where plant, tools and equipment are hired, the same requirements as above apply.

Complete plant, tools, and equipment checklist (appendix 4A,4B,4C)

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APPENDIX 4A PLANT, TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT PRE-START
CHECKLIST
Environment final check

Note in the area provided below any applicable hazards specific to the task or job site that are present

If a “NO” was ticked in any of the boxes below, please list what steps “YOU” are going to be taking to control
the identified risks before any work can proceed.

Yes No Yes No Yes No

1. Have all tools and ☐ ☐ 2. Are all MSDS’ for the ☐ ☐ 3. Have you implemented ☐ ☐
equipment been products to be used on controls to eliminate the
checked and tested & this job onsite? potential for electric
tagged? shock?

4. Have all our ☐ ☐ 5. Are all our workers ☐ ☐ 6. Is access clear and ☐ ☐
personnel completed the competent in the works to walkways free from slip,
site inductions? be undertaken? trip and fall hazards?

7. Can all work be ☐ ☐ 8. Housekeeping and ☐ ☐ 9. Have other trades been ☐ ☐

completed standing on untidiness in order? identified and considered?
the floor?

10. Is appropriate PPE ☐ ☐ 11. Have you considered ☐ ☐ 12. Controls implement for ☐ ☐
available? the need to work in a Noise?
confined space?

13. Have you ☐ ☐ 14. Are all personnel ☐ ☐ 15. Have you undertaken ☐ ☐
considered the potential aware of the evacuation steps to prevent exposure
for fire from the work route? to fumes, vapours, and
activity? dust?

Controls required as
necessary

RISK ASSESSMENT – ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE WORK METHOD STATEMENT CHECKLIST

Name Signature Date

Inspection Verified By

Name Signature Date

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APPENDIX 4B ELECTRICAL TOOLS & EQUIPMENT REGISTER
records all electrical equipment brought on site in the Electrical Equipment Register.

Note: Testing and Tagging frequency is as required by State or Territory Legislation, codes, and relevant standards.

Electrical Equipment

Workplace Date

Results and/or
Equipment Description Electrician’s
trip current / qualified License/
Date of person’s
Plant / (Less 30mA) Date of next Registration
Check all the following Inspection/
Serial No. for Inspection/Test No. (if
equipment Test Signature
applicable)
Earth Leakage As per tags
Device

Air compressors and

hoses

Clamps

Nail guns

Power drills

Power leads

Power saws

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 Results and/or
Equipment Description Electrician’s
trip current / qualified License/
Date of person’s
Plant / (Less 30mA) Date of next Registration
Check all the following Inspection/
Serial No. for Inspection/Test No. (if
equipment Test Signature
applicable)
Earth Leakage As per tags
Device

Gas driven tools

240v power supplied

Sub-board earth
leakage device

generator

handheld or small
single person operated

equipment

pneumatic driven

Welding equipment

Bevels

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APPENDIX 4C SAFETY EQUIPMENT CONDITION REPORT
Essential safety equipment Is the safety equipment in good Corrective action
Condition

Step ladders ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA– If no record

action

Scaffolding ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA – If no record

action

Fall protection harness ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA – If no record

action

Carpenters’ trestles (sawhorses) ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA – If no record

action

Aluminium trestles ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA – If no record

action

Aluminium planks ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA – If no record

action

Bevels ☐Yes ☐No – If no record action

Eye protection ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA – If no record

action

Hearing protection (when using ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA – If no record

power tools) action

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 Protective gloves ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA – If no record
action

Earth leakage circuit breaker for ☐Yes ☐No ☐NA – If no record

electrical tools action

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1.5 Plan and prepare the worksite and appropriately isolate the site setting up any signage and barricade requirements
applicable to the task. When you’re working with tools, plant and equipment, safety signage and barricades must be put in
place to warn other workers, site visitors or members of the public about any potential hazard. Safety signage is for the
information of all on site. Do not cover or impair view of signage. Ensure signage and barricades are set up to:

• restrict access to areas where cutting tools or tools like nail guns that fire projectiles are used.
• Make sure to locate access point/s to the construction site so as not to cause a hazard or nuisance to existing
traffic and/ or pedestrians.
• Eliminate or reduce the risk of injury to persons on the site by providing clear and consistent messages (e.g., PPE
required,’ ‘no entry’)
• Prevent the entry of unauthorised persons
• Protect adjoining property, footpaths, driveways, and public spaces
• Secure, and identify hazards on the worksite
• Mark emergency exit points
• Contain equipment and materials

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1.6.1 Eave Calculations include material quantities for the eave frame such as Eave Bearer's and Hangers, and Fascia
material, Soffit lining material, Soffit Joiner’s, or Cover batten's (if required), and Storm mould ("Quad" or "inch by inch").
The position of the Fascia is also calculated; this calculation is called "Eave Drop Off". Determine the eaves design and
job requirements/specifications from given drawings (attachment 10) and apply measurements to make the necessary
calculations to construct eaves per the record sheets (appendix 5 – 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4). Enter the data as per the plans,
drawings, and specification (attachment 10) into the quantity confirmation record section (appendix 5) and attach the
results as per the instructions below calculation record sheets include:

 5.1 Soffit Calculator https://www.appletonsupply.com/soffit-calculator/

 5.2 Soffit Drop Calculator Calculate distance from top of wall to under soffit (Soffit Drop) and Floor Level to
Soffit. https://www.blocklayer.com/roof/soffit-drop.aspx
 5.3 Square Tail Fascia + Hip End Angles Calculator - 4-Sided Roof
https://www.blocklayer.com/roof/squaretailfascia.aspx

Complete appendix 5 – 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 calculations record sheet and printed records as follows

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APPENDIX 5 MATERIAL LIST & CALCULATIONS
5.1 Soffit Calculator https://www.appletonsupply.com/soffit-calculator/ - Refer to plans, drawings, specifications
(attachment 10) to input data –

Total Length of ft Width of ft

Undereave Overhang (in
Areas (in feet): m feet): m

Soffit Size: ☐12” wide ☐ 16” wide Number of

Hip Roof
Corners:

Soffit ☐Center Vented ☐ Fascia Size: ☐6” ☐ 8”

Ventilation Fully Vented
Style:

Fascia Style: ☐Smooth ☐Rustic Hip Depth

Record the results – Provide required measurements in metric using the conversion calculator
https://www.metric-conversions.org/length/feet-to-meters.htm

12” Soffit ft 12” Soffit pcs

Required required
m

16” Soffit ft 12” Soffit pcs

Required required
m

Fascia required ft Fascia pcs

required
m

F-Channel / J- ft F-Channel / pcs

Channel J-Channel
Required m Required

Number of Hip
Roof Corners:

Double ft Double pcs

Channel Channel
Required: m Required:

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 5.2 Soffit Drop Calculator Calculate distance from top of wall to under soffit (Soffit Drop) and Floor Level to Soffit.
https://www.blocklayer.com/roof/soffit-drop.aspx - Refer to plans, drawings, specifications (attachment 10)
The Top Fascia to Under Soffit measurement is from top of fascia (under roof sheeting) to the bottom side of the soffit
sheeting. The calculated Soffit Drop is the measurement from top of wall vertically down to the underside of soffit
sheeting.

The Wall Top to Rafter Bottom measurement is from top of wall vertically down to a point level with the bottom
outside edge of the rafter (not including Fascia).
Roof Angle ° Soffit Width

Top Fascia to Under Fascia Thick

Soffit
Rafter Depth Batten Thick

Birds-mouth Plumb cut Floor to Wall Top

Record the results

Roof Angle Soffit Drop

FFL to Soffit Wall Top to Rafter Bottom

5.3 Square Tail Fascia + Hip End Angles Calculator - 4-Sided Roof
https://www.blocklayer.com/roof/squaretailfascia.aspx - Refer to plans, drawings, specifications (attachment 10)
Square Tail Fascia + Hip End Angles Calculator - 4-Sided Roof

With Square cut rafter ends, the fascia is set to the complement of roof angle.
The Hip lower end miter and side angles need to be adjusted to join.

This calculator shows Hip lower end miter and side cuts, and fascia miter and bevel cuts to match the square tail fascia
angles.
Roof Angle ° Pitch

Record the results

Hip End Cut = Hip Side Cuts =

Fascia Miter = Fascia Bevel =

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 5.4. Eave Manual calculation - Refer to plans, drawings, specifications (attachment 10)

Calculating material quantities - Eave’s lining is done with 4.5 mm-thick fibre-cement sheets. These sheets can usually
be ordered to suit the most common widths of eaves. Calculate the quantities of eaves sheets required by working out
the

length of the eaves to be covered in the width

The easiest way to order is to sketch up the area to be lined and then write in the sheet sizes to suit.

Sheets can also be ordered by specifying a quantity such as 48.3 m of 0.45 m-wide eaves sheeting, or 25 m of 0.9 m-
wide sheets or 12/2.40.9 sheets.

For eaves plan 450 mm wide eaves sheets

Draw in the sheet joints.

Write down the lengths for sheet runs along each wall and tally them up.

Work out sheet quantity based on an average, available sheet size, say 2.4 X0.9.

Note Sheets: 0.45 wide divide by 2.16 m2/ sheet to get the number of sheets

Allow two sheets for wastage

Record the number of sheets required for plans provided min 30sqm coverage. Show your working below

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1.6.2 Then, check to ensure you have sufficient materials to complete the job and verbally report the issues to your
supervisor (classmate). If some items are missing from the delivery, you need to phone the supplier and discuss this with
your supervisor (classmate)

1.6.2.1 Estimating construction materials starts with a basic count of the framing material, often called a framing take-off
(appendix 5A). Select the materials required for the task and calculate quantities ensuring you have all the materials
required to start the job and complete the material take off list (appendix 5A). Before doing this decide what is needed. To
do this thoroughly read the site files (attachment 10) to work out the required materials. Ensure you have the correct
amount of material required. You can do this by looking at the measurements on the plans and using these to calculate
the various quantities X lengths to get the total required.

1.6.3 Do a quality check of the material before use. Check for defects and record poor conditions in the notes section of
the material take off list (appendix 5A). Check for:

 Strength – resistance to fracture

 Toughness – resistance to fracture after twisting and bending
 Elasticity – if the material deforms with loading but then returns to its original shape when it is removed.
 Plasticity – the reverse of elasticity. The material does not return to its original state when the loading is removed.
 Ductility–materials that can be drawn out in the direction of its length [stretched] before it fails.
 Malleability – material that can be hammered (or otherwise) into different shapes.
 Brittleness – the reverse of ductility, material breaks or snaps without any warning of approaching failure.
 Hardness– resistance to indentation, abrasion, and scratching.

1.6.4 Safely prepare all materials and position the materials in accordance with the plans, drawings, and specifications
(attachment 10) safely ready for use. To do this follow manual handling procedure ensuring and ensure you:

 Never lift an object without assessing the weight and size of the object to be lifted.
 Never lift an object that is too heavy to be lifted safely, ask for assistance, and always use mechanical aids
whenever possible.
 Always check the area you intend to lift or carry the object for slip, trip or fall hazards.

1.6.4.1 Use the correct lifting techniques when lifting materials and:

 Plan the lift

 Stand as close to the load as possible
 Grip the object firmly with the palms of your hands (not just your fingers)
 Correct feet position
 Bend your knees and keep your back straight
 Lift with your legs (not your back)
 Lift smoothly
 When turning, turn your whole body and move your feet, do not twist
 Use the same techniques when placing down a load

Complete appendix 5A take-off material list, poor condition report

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APPENDIX 5A TAKEOFF MATERIAL LIST – CONDITION REPORT

Job Address

Job No.

The user of this template must enter all items in the white columns for applicable material relating to the task and use a
calculator to enter the shaded cells (quantity X length or quantity x each) and record your total

Material Notes – Poor condition report Quantity Length Total

beads

fibre cement sheeting

joining mold

Metal/steel

Plaster

Quads

reconstituted timber products

Timber

timber battens

timber lining boards.

timber verge gable eaves

timber boxed gable eaves

timber boxed eaves

timber raked eaves

steel fascia with hangers.

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1.7 Determine eaves design from the drawings and specifications (attachment 7,10. 25A) and manufacturer
instructions (attachment 22A,22B, 22C, 23, 23A, 23B, 23C, 23D, 23E, 23F, 24, 24A 24B, 25, 25A) to set
out and fix framework by marking and cutting roof members to line to accommodate plumb fascia and
barge for the following eave construction activity demonstrating your ability to:

1.7.1 Work safely in accordance with the SWMS (attachment 4 and 5) to construct, line and clad eaves and
soffits in accordance with plans, specifications, and drawings) (attachment 7,10, 25A) and manufacturer
instructions (attachment 22A,22B, 22C, 23, 23A, 23B, 23C, 23D, 23E, 23F, 24, 24A 24B, 25, 25A) by
marking and cutting roof members to line to accommodate plumb fascia and barge and constructing:

 three metres of timber verge gable eaves

 three metres of timber boxed gable eaves
 three metres of timber boxed eaves
 three metres of timber raked eaves
 three metres of steel fascia with hangers.
 an apex junction on the barge board,
 a junction between the barge board and the plumb fascia,
 a junction of the fascia
 eave lining at the valley,
 a junction of the fascia and eave lining at the hip.

1.7.1.1 Installation and fixing of timber fascia. To demonstrate safety ensure you:

 Always work from stable working platform when installing timber fascia.
 Exercise care when lifting lengths of fascia into position for installation.
 Cut fascia into required lengths on ground or solid construction where possible to minimise cutting
at heights.
 Wear hearing and eye protection when using nailing tool to fix fascia to trusses or rafters

1.7.1.2 Installation and fixing of metal fascia. To demonstrate safety ensure you:

 Always work from stable working platform when installing metal fascia.
 Cut fascia into required lengths on ground or solid construction where possible to minimise cutting
at heights.
 Wear eye and hearing protection when cutting with power tools. Inspect cutting blade daily before
use. Do not use saw if faulty or if blade is damaged.
 Exercise care when lifting lengths of fascia into position for installation.
 Always work from safe position when placing and fixing fascia clips to trusses or rafters.
 Ensure that fascia is securely clipped to fascia clips in sequence. Always work from one end to the
other.
 Wear eye protection when drilling and riveting fascia.

1.7.1.3 Installation of soffits. To demonstrate safety, ensure:

 adequate persons are available to install soffits.

 Working platform is positioned to enable comfortable handling and fitting of soffits.
 Extendable props are used to support soffits while fixing.
 Wear eye protection when drilling or screwing overhead,

1.7.2 Mark and cut roof members to line to accommodate the fascia. To do this:

 Mark and cut roof member to line to accommodate a junction between the barge board and the
plumb fascia. Roof members include but are not limited to common rafters, top plates, struts,
ceiling joists, strutting beam, top plates, hanging beam, collar ties, ridge, purlins.
 Attach the fascia (level finish material fixed to rafter ends) or barge (finish material fixed on the
slope to the edge of the gable) ensuring the groove is straight and at a height that will hold the
lining at the desired height against the side of the house
 Fix the tails of the rafter overhangs by direct nailing through timber fascia to the end grain of the
rafters; or by screwing brackets on to the side of the rafter tail and then clipping metal fascia on to
these brackets.
 Determine the height of the eaves lining by the overhang of the eaves and the slope of the roof
 Form a right-angle triangle that can be measured to give us the drop-off height (i.e., The height at
which the underside of the eaves meets the wall frame, measured down from the top of the wall
plate)
 Calculate the amount of drop off using the tangent (or simply ‘Tan’), method formula: (Tan of angle
eaves width) + vertical birdsmouth cut depth (Note: Use the Tan button on a scientific calculator.)
y= the known angle of the triangle or the pitch of the roof, e.g., 30°, 22.5°, etc.
 Refer to the plans (attachment 10) to establish the eaves width.
 transfer this measurement on to the rafter tails so that they can be cut to the correct length.
  Once the fascia is attached the correct eaves width will be achieved and the groove on the bottom
inside of the fascia will establish the height of the eaves ensuring the fascia is level and straight

1.7.3 Trim the bottom of the rafters so the tail of the rafter doesn’t interfere with the eaves sheet fitting into
the groove in the fascia. To do this:

 Mark and cut overhang of rafters, plumb and in line

 Trim gable ends for overhang where a verge rafter is not used
 Fit and fix fascia, overhang being in line and level
 Go along the working deck with a chisel and knock off the pointed tails of the rafters
 Ensure the rafter tails are cut straight, so that the fascia fits straight

1.7.3.1 Install timber fascia. To do this:

 Use a light power saw (cordless ones work well) for this job after you have plumbed up from a
string line set at each end of the roof and tightened under the rafter tails
 set out the string line the same distance from the wall as the eave’s width listed on the plan.
 use a short spirit level to plumb up on each rafter tail in line with the string line
 fit anti-ponding board as required
 fit and install the barge board (When a barge board is fitted for tiled roofs, a raked gable flashing
can be fitted to the top of the barge and flipped over its face)
 Ensure, the bend over the top of the barge is about 110° (not 90°), so that the water drips off this
flashing rather than down the barge
 run the flashing about 100 mm under the tiles with an upturn to stop water running into the roof
space
 nail a strip of fibre-cement sheet about110 mm wide to the flashing all the way up the gable barge
 finish off the edge of the gable

1.7.3.2 Install and construct three metres of steel fascia (Stratco fascia steel
https://www.stratco.com.au/siteassets/pdfs/gutters_and_downpipes_install.pdf ) with hangers including an
apex junction on the barge board and a junction between the barge board and the plumb fascia. To do this:

 Determine the lengths of fascia required for your construction by measuring off the plan
(attachment 10).
 Cut fascia to required lengths with hacksaw or tinsnips.
 Once all fascia lengths are cut, internal mitres can be fabricated.
 Determine the fascia ends that will make up the internal mitre.
 Cut out and fold a 25mm tab in one of the fascia lengths ends to fabricate an internal mitre
 Install the brackets and fascia after checking that the rafter plumb cuts are correct
 Determine the eaves/soffit height by reference to the building plan (attachment 10) and the
location of soffit supports
 Use the measurement “distance from the inside of the soffit groove in the Rafter Bracket to the wall
line is the eaves width” to locate rafter brackets.
 Fasten the Rafter Brackets to the rafter.
 Secure rafter brackets to rafters with at least three fasteners (only one fastener in a slotted hole).
 For timber rafters use three 12g x 25mm Type 17 screws
 Find the remaining Rafter Brackets by running a string line between the Rafter Brackets
 Once the Rafter Brackets are installed, clip the fascia into place
 Hook the bottom channel of the fascia over the bottom part of the Rafter Bracket
 Slide the top channel of the fascia over the top part of the Rafter Bracket so that it clips over the
tab
 Ensure the fascia lengths with internal mitre tabs are installed in the correct location.
 Join fascia lengths together using either a Fascia Joiner or with a slip join
 To join with a Fascia Joiner, slide the two fascia ends over the Fascia Joiner until they meet in the
middle
 Fix in place using 3.2mm rivets
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  To fabricate a slip join, overlap the two fascia lengths by 100mm and rivet together.
 Fix the Fascia End Cap into the end of the fascia length. Rivet in place using 3.2mm rivets
 Fix the Apex Cover up against the Barge Apex. Rivet in place using 3.2mm rivets
 Rivet all internal mitre fascia lengths together (as fabricated in
 Rivet the Internal mitre to the underside of the two fascia lengths
 Rivet all External Mitres to fascia lengths that meet at an external corner
 Rivet all Barge Moulds to the corners where fascia and barge lengths join.
 Ensure the short side of the Barge Mould is riveted to the barge board and long side is riveted to
the fascia
 Fit barge Capping/Gutter onto the junction between the Fascia Barge and roofing and fasten using
8g screws at 1200mm spacings
 Remove residual dirt, nails, and brackets. Measure and cut required fascia cover lengths.
 Install the Click fast Fascia Cover over the existing timber fascia
 Fix the Click fast Fascia Cover to the timber fascia using 8g x 20mm Type 17 countersunk head
screws spaced 1200mm apart
 Ensure the hangers are secured to the steel fascia Board. Use one end holds up the gutter from its
outer lip, while the other has a hollow piece where a fastener, usually a spike or long screw, is
driven into. The fastener spans about half the width of the gutter trough.

1.7.4 Construct three metres of timber raked eaves. To do this:

 Line raked eaves under rafter tails and on top of rafters

 Frame the support of the lining material by trimming as efficiently as possible with supports for
fixing the eaves lining
 Frame with lighter section-size material than that used for wall framing – for example, 70 mm35
mm (AS 1684,)
 Fix framing to provide support for the eaves lining in straight lines and to be solid enough later
fixing of the eaves lining
 Ensure support for all edges of the sheet material is adequate and allow the shrinkage that will
occur within the wall and floor framing as 12 mm needs to be provided between the soffit bearer
and the top of the masonry

1.7.4 Line and clad eaves and soffits using methods for type of material and task application (attachment
10). To do this:

 Hold fibre-cement sheets in place with soft sheet nails (2.8 X 30 mm fibre-cement nails) or with No.
8 wafer head screws (NCC vol 2, clause 3.5.3.5.B (ii))
 Ensure fibre-cement sheets comply with Australian Standard 2908.2 referring to spacing
(attachment 25) of the fixings is specified in NCC Volume 2, table 3.5.3.5
 Mark the cladding sheets for fitting upside down with the sheet lying on saw stools and boards as
near as possible to its eventual placement position.
 Mark the sheet checking your marks again before cutting
 Fit and join eave linings in accordance with material type and specifications
 Cut, fit, and fix mouldings to specification (manufacturers instruction and attachment 10)
 Correctly form and finish apex junction for eaves lining
 Correctly form and finish junction between barge and plumb fascia
 Join sheet with a fascia strip
 Fit the last sheet by trimming the back off the joining strip or by bowing the sheet into the end
grooves and then sliding the sheet across into the fascia groove
 Finish off the eaves to the walls by fitting a moulding against the wall and fixing it up into the
eave’s trimmers
 Fit the last sheet by trimming the back off the joining strip or by bowing the sheet into the end
grooves and then slide the sheet across into the fascia groove.

1.7.5 Mark and cut roof members to line to accommodate the barge. To do this:
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  Overlap the vertical finish with the barge to the boxed gable finish enabling waterproofing of the
whole roof
 Overlap flashing on to the side of the barge to provide a waterproof roof.
 Attach the barge at a height dependent on the finish of the eaves and the roof covering (refer to
attachment 10)
 ensure the groove on the bottom inside of the barge for eaves lined on the slope is set to allow the
eaves lining to fit into the groove and attach to the bottom of the outrigger trimmers
 Order or rip the width of the bargeboard so that the top of the barge doesn’t interfere with the roof
cladding
 Ignore the width of the barge board for barge overlapping the boxed gable cladding

1.7.6 Rake three metres of timber raked eaves on an open gable. To do this:

 Ensure framing is in place to support the raked eaves lining material for the barge board attached
and the groove on the inside bottom of the barge has been fitted under the verge rafter
 Eave’s linings to boxed horizontal eaves This method is known as boxed eaves. This extra work is
not needed of course if the eaves are lined to follow the slope.
 Trim down the side of the gable so that the sheeting can be supported against the building.
 Fit the soffit lining sheet into the groove and fix it up to the underside of the outriggers, with
moulding fixed against the sheeting to complete the job

1.7.7 Line eaves on the three metres timber rake. To do this:

 Line on the timber rake l either on top of or under the rafter tails
 For lining on top of the rafters place the lining before the roof battens are fixed
 Place moulding underneath the eaves wherever it is needed to provide the required finish and by
providing eaves ventilation where needed
 Line the eaves on the rake under the rafter tails once the fascia is completed so that the raked
eaves sheeting can be inserted into the groove in the fascia
 Level eaves with small vent holes for air circulation in the roof space
 Rake eave lined under the rafters

1.7.8 Construct three metres of timber boxed gable eaves and three metres of timber verge gable eaves.
To do this:

 Frame up the boxed gable so the gable cladding fits neatly under the barge board and the eaves
are continued around the house on the level
 Suspend the frame for the boxing off the verge rafter and cantilevered off the top plate
 Consider the section through the verge overhang on a gable roof showing a way of framing for an
overhang at the verge, (lining sheets not shown) and at the right the effect that the level eaves will
have on the barge boards
 Frame vertical studs cut to the required lengths, with eaves bearers and hangers fitted where
needed to support the soffit sheeting. Use this method of treating the gable when an overhang is
desired on the gable

1.7.9 Construct three metres of timber boxed eaves constructed with soffit bearers for a junction of the
fascia and eave lining at the valley and a junction of the fascia and eave lining at the hip. Carry out the
construction of boxed eaves is in accordance with the designed level finish of the eaves lining (refer to
drawings and plans attachment 10). To do this:

 measure the overhang measurement out at right angles from the top wall plate, to mark on end
creeper rafters for the junction of the fascia and eave lining at the hip
 Following the cutting of rafter overhangs, mark the hips for overhang cut, by extending a string line
along cut off rafter ends to mark on top of the hip
 fix to the wall frame or support by hangers from rafters to line and level.
 Plumb the mark down face of hip allowing to make one cut

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  set out from adjoining side the other cut and install eave supports
 continue this process around the building
 join the fascia by tight mitre joints at external corners and square butted joints at valley junctions
 Install the structure clear of top of masonry walls in timber construction to allow for frame
shrinkage and settlement
 enclose the underside of the eaves, to prevent the entry of the elements, pests, and dust to easily
maintain the eaves soffit

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1.8.1 Clean up ensuring you meet all legislative and workplace requirements for safety, waste disposal and
materials handling. Complete the floor framing process and ensure the:

 tools involved in constructing the floor have been maintained, repaired, and put away for the next
job.
 Nail guns, cleaned and serviced regularly in accordance with the manufacturer’s advice
 Metal blades are sharpened (and oiled if needed, to prevent rust),
 site is cleared of rubbish and scraps of timber,
 recycling or disposing of any waste material
 cleaning, maintaining, and storing of equipment
 area is cleaned

1.8.1.1 Clean and clear the work area and dispose of, reuse, or recycle materials in accordance with
legislation, regulations, codes of practice and job specification. Ensure you:

 Identify and prepare an area for material waste disposal

 Provide an effective means to contain windblown rubbish
 Correctly identify and provide correct temporary storage for materials to be re-used
 Identify any hazardous materials from their SDS and act appropriately for disposal or recycling
 Clear work of off cut material
 Correctly dispose of, or where possible, mark for recycling

1.8.1.2 Clean, check, maintain and store tools and equipment in accordance with manufacturer
recommendations and standard work practices. Ensure you:

 Conduct a post-operational check for the tools used

 Report faults if identified and update the faults report (appendix 4A,4B,4C)
 Clean tools prior to returning the tools to their storage areas
 Conduct maintenance on levelling devices:
- authorised servicing
- cleaning
- monitoring, recording, and reporting faults (update the faults report (appendix 4A,4B,4C)
- Conduct authorised minor replacements where required
- Pack away tools
- Store excess materials
 Clean up all scrap and offcuts and place into waste receptacle or skip.
 Use industrial vacuum cleaner to remove dust and debris from carpet when installation is completed (if
working indoors)
 Inspect area into ensure that it is clean and free of hazards before re-occupancy.

Note: You must always comply with site safety plan, OHS/WHS regulations and state and territory
legislation applicable to workplace operations (attachment 1 – 25A)

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KNOWLEDGE OVERVIEW ACTIVITY

As a group, discuss and review the following discussion points:

1. Describe the following terms used for constructing eaves:

 Rafters
 Gable ends
 Fascia
 Eaves
 Eave’s design
 Timber framework members
 Boxed eaves
 Sloping eaves

2. Discuss the requirements for eaves construction in accordance with AS 1684 Residential Timber Framed
Construction.

3. Discuss the construction procedure for flush eaves and closed or boxed eaves. Ensure that you cover:
 Rafters, plumb and angles
 Gable ends
 Facias
 Lies and levels and marking out
 Materials identification
 Timber set out
 Boxed eaves
 Installation
 Allowances for shrinkage and movement
 Cladding and sheeting fixture
 Materials joining

4. The Building Code of Australia specifies situations where, if an external wall of a building is less that a
certain distance from a boundary to the property, non-combustible materials are to be used. The plans and
specifications for your job will show what details are to be done for the work you are doing; however, you
need to be aware that some special materials may be needed if non-combustible materials are specified.
Discuss the use of non-combustible materials in eaves construction.

5. Fire separating walls must extend into eaves, veranda and other roof cavity spaces that may be present.
All holes and voids between battens, under metal battens and behind fascia etc, must be filled with fire
resistant mineral wool or other approved fire rated product. Explain the definition of Fire Resistance Level
(FRL) as per the BCA.

6. Complete a safe work method statement for a power saw.

You must cover the following points in your SWMS:
 Pre-start checks
 Maintenance and replacement of cutters
 Operation
 Storage

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 What are the tasks What are the hazards and What are the control measures?
involved? risks?

List the work tasks Identify the hazards and Describe what will be done to control the risk.
in a logical order. risks that may cause harm What will you do to make the activity as safe as
to workers or the public. possible?

7. Review the Safety Data Sheet for timber labelled “9A Task 2 Attachment 1 Q1.4 MSDS Timber” and
outline the materials handling and storage, and environmentally friendly waste management requirements.

8. What is the difference between construction drawings and specifications?

9. Identify the plant/tools/equipment in relation to the description provided, outlining types, characteristics,
uses and limitation.

typically used to soften the edge of a piece for the sake of safety, wear
resistance, or aesthetics; or to facilitate mating with another piece.
These provide the power surge of air required to power certain tools. Reliant t of
level of power if portable air capacity may be limited
A tool consisting of a weighted "head" fixed to a long handle that is swung to
deliver an impact to a small area of an object. This can be, for example, to drive
nails into wood, to shape metal, or to crush rock. Used for a wide range of driving,
shaping, and breaking applications.

pencil, gauge, scriber, marking knives, awl etc. They are used for doing anything
such as cutting, shaping, drilling to a piece of wood.
a flexible ruler used to measure size or distance. It consists of a ribbon of cloth,
plastic, fibre glass, or metal strip with linear-measurement markings.
designed to provide comfortable, durable tool and material storage on the work
site with the use of premium leather, double stitching, and an adjustable nylon
belt. With 11 pockets, including a tape measure holder, this leather apron has
plenty of storage for all your tools.

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 a type of tool used to drive nails into wood or some other kind of material. It is
usually driven by compressed air (pneumatic), electromagnetism, highly
flammable gases such as butane or propane, or, for powder-actuated tools, a
small explosive charge.

an electrical motor that rotates a replaceable drill bit to make a hole in wood,
plastic, or metal. ... Corded drills are powered by a 110-volt electrical cord
inserted into an electrical receptacle; cordless drills are powered by a battery in
the drill's handle.

an electrical cable that temporarily connects an appliance to the

mains electricity supply via a wall socket or extension cord.
A circular saw is a power-saw using a toothed or abrasive disc or blade to cut
different materials using a rotary motion spinning around an arbor. A
hole saw and ring saw also use a rotary motion but are different from a circular
saw. Circular saws may also be loosely used for the blade itself.

a beam with four legs used to support a board or plank for sawing. A pair of these
can support a plank, forming a scaffold. In certain circles, it is also known as a
mule or a pony. It may be designed to fold for storage.

a temporary structure used to support a work crew and materials to aid in the
construction, maintenance and repair of buildings, bridges, and all other
manufactured structures

cutting tool with a sharpened edge at the end of a metal blade, used—often by
driving with a mallet or hammer—in dressing, shaping, or working a solid material
such as wood, stone, or metal.

used to cut pieces of wood into different shapes. ... They usually operate by
having a series of sharp points of some substance that is harder than the wood
being cut. This tool is a bit like a tenon saw, but with one flat, sharp edge.

an instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is horizontal (level) or

vertical (plumb).
a tool that serves several purposes in woodworking, stonemasonry, and
metalworking. It is composed of a ruler and one or more interchangeable heads
that may be affixed to it.
a woodworking tool used for marking and measuring a square piece of wood. The
square refers to the tool's primary use of measuring the accuracy of a right angle;
to try a surface is to check its straightness or correspondence to an adjoining
surface.

one of the oldest and most basic of hand tools, and it is commonly used in
masonry and carpentry to help the user create a straight line between two
reference points.

used to measure the size of an angle. The unit measured in is called degrees.

a specific long-armed square that has additional uses for measurement,

especially of various angles.

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10. Calculate roofing members - Discuss the procedural steps for determining materials lengths and
ordering each of the roof frame members for the tiled hip roof shown below, which has a span of 5400 mm
and a length of 7200 mm. The pitch is 1:2.145 or 25°.

The member sizes and costs are as follows:

11. What is scaffolding and how is it used?

12. Outline three factors to ensure scaffolding safety.

13. Conduct research on the different types of engineered timber and complete the table.
 Provide an overview of cross laminated timber (CLT)
 Provide an overview of glued laminated timber (GLT)

 Discuss 6 benefits of GLT

 Provide an overview of laminated veneer timber (LVT)

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  Discuss the advantages of LVT

14. How is geometry used in construction?

15. Define the term framing in construction.

16. Describe wall framing construction.

17. Many organisations standardise the way in which they carry out a task or operate machinery to ensure
it is done to achieve a quality product and maintain safety. A safe work method statement is a form of Safe
Working Procedure. What is another form to standardise the workplace equipment and safety
requirements?

18. Before constructing eaves, you should follow the risk management process. Outline a simple 4 step risk
management process.

19. You should obtain, confirm, and apply to the allotted task safety requirements from the site safety plan
and organisational policies and procedures. List 10 safety requirements that should be obtained from the
site safety plan and organisational policies and procedures.

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SELF-DIRECTED LEARNING ACTIVITY CHECKLIST

It is essential to your learning journey to complete revision activities, giving you time to absorb the
information provided in your training sessions. This time is self-paced. If you identify the need for further
instruction or support, speak with your trainer/assessor, who will provide critical feedback you will need to
improve

As part of your learning journey, it is essential to revise all learning activities and learning resources.

Yes /No
After completing the revision activities, I understand how to:
Please tick

I have read the learner guide ☐Yes ☐No

I have read the textbook chapters as instructed by my trainer ☐Yes ☐No

I have revised all activities in each section and knowledge overview section as ☐Yes ☐No
instructed by my trainer

Note: The checklist above is for your reference only. You must declare all work completed when signing
the learning record of participation document

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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Refer to the BGC Fibre Cement Sheets SDS to complete questions 3, 4, 8, 13, 14 and 15.

SDS: http://bgcinnovadesign.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/BGC-FC_Innova_MSDS_Sept_2018.pdf

Mitch and his work crew have arrived on-site. Their work task for the day is to set out and construct box
Q1
eaves. What critical tasks must they do before they commence? Outline 4 tasks.

1. Review work instructions, plans and specifications

2. Workplace site safety check, and relevant workplace checks are conducted and documented
3. Select correct tools
4. Calculate materials required for eaves construction

Use the scale indicated on the plan to determine the length of the front of the house.

Q2

Front length measures 10.8 cm.

Scale is 1:100.

Length of front of house = 10.8m

Q3 For what is the product used?

Fibre cement sheets for use on internal/external wall linings and soffits and internal/external flooring.

Q4 What are the potential hazards related to fibre cement sheets?

 The potential health hazards are related to dust generated from these materials during the use of power
tools and sanding.

 The intact BGC Fibre Cement products do not give off dust or fume during installation or when installed.
However, cutting, breaking, drilling, or sawing the boards may generate dust. Inhaling dust liberated from
BGC Fibre Cement may aggravate pre-existing respiratory conditions and may cause cancer.

Q5 How do you determine the length at which rafter tails should be cut?

The plans for the house will indicate the eaves width. You will need to transfer this measurement on to the rafter
tails so that they can be cut to the correct length.

What is the best way for an organisation to promote workplace OHS/WHS policies and procedures to
Q6
employees? What should an employee do if they are unsure of their work instructions?

 To involve employees and employers in issues affecting occupational health, safety, and welfare

 To encourage registered associations to take a constructive role in promoting improvements in

occupational health, safety and welfare practices and assisting employers and employees to achieve a
healthier and safer working environment.

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  Providing training and support mechanisms

 Nominate an OHS/WHS representative

 If you are unsure of your work instruction you should communicate with your site supervisor and confirm the
instruction, follow all workplace documents and SWMS for conducting work tasks.

Q7 How should dust generated from fibre cement sheets be cleaned up?

Use wet sweeping and/or vacuuming to clean up dust and waste.

Bagged waste should be placed in containers and disposed of with other construction waste in accordance with
local authority guidelines.

The task of constructing eaves presents risks such as working at heights hazards. What safety measures
Q8
and PPE should be adopted? List 4.

1. Fall safe zone

2. Barricades

3. Safety glasses
4. Work boots

What 18 tools and equipment are used in the construction of most standard boxed eaves with cement sheet
Q9
soffit?

1. Air compressors and hoses

2. Bevels
3. Chisels
4. Hammers
5. Hand saws
6. Marking equipment
7. Measuring tapes and rules

8. Nail bags
9. Nail guns

10. Power drills

11. Power saws and power leads
12. Protractors

13. Saw stools

14. Scaffolding
15. Spirit levels

16. Squares (combination/tri)

17. Stair clips and tables

18. Steel squares and fence

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 19. String lines

Q10 Why are nail guns more suitable for fixing eave framing timbers than hand nailing?

Nail guns are preferred due to less frame movement when fixing.

Q11 How do you determine the number of fibre cement sheets required for eaves lining?

Calculate the quantities of eaves sheets required by working out the length of the eaves to be covered in the width
and then order that quantity of sheets.

Q12 How should flammable and hazardous substances be stored?

 Should always be stored with appropriate warning labels

 Refer to SDS for appropriate handling and storage procedures

What is the thickness of a standard fibre cement eave sheet suitable for using as soffit for an eave overhang
Q13
of 450mm?

The standard thickness is 4.5mm.

Q14 Describe the safe handling practices of fibre cement sheets.

1. Crystalline silica dust may be generated during processing and handling. Use appropriate personal
protective equipment to reduce exposure to respirable silica dust. Keep dust generation to a minimum using
proper tools.

2. Wear protective equipment to prevent skin and eye contamination. Manual handling should be in
accordance with Manual Handling Regulations and Codes.

Q15 Detail the disposal requirements for fibre cement sheets.

BGC Fibre Cement products must be disposed into a landfill site in accordance with local authority guidelines.
Measures should be taken to prevent dust generation during disposal, and exposure and personal precautions
should be observed.

Q16 What environmental regulations apply to construction sites? Give 4 examples.

1. Noise and dust

2. Clean up protection
3. Vibration

4. Waste management

The Building Code of Australia confirms that a brick veneer wall with non-flammable eaves lining meets the
Q17
‘FRL’ rating of 60/60/60. What eaves lining is classed as ‘non-flammable’?

Cement sheet is classified as non-flammable.

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 Define the following terms.

 Anti-ponding board

 Barge board

 Drop-off height

 Eaves

 Engineered timber

 Fascia
Q18
 Gable studs

 Gable variations

 Open gable

 Sarking

 Soffit

 Soffit bearer

 Verge rafter

Anti-ponding board

A board used on tile roofs as a tiling board from the last tile batten to the top of the fascia. Its purpose is to support
the sarking from sagging on the last space before it gets to the fascia. The idea is to stop water from ponding at the
last tile batten.

Barge board

The board used on gable roofs to finish the end of the roof covering.

Drop-off height

The distance from the top of the top plate to the underside of the eaves

Eaves

The part of a roof that overhangs the walls

Engineered timber

Engineered timber includes a range of derivative wood products which are manufactured by binding or fixing the
strands, particles, fibres or veneers or boards of wood, together with adhesives.

Fascia

The finish board or metal that the gutter sits against; it finishes off the space at the bottom of the roof covering

Gable studs

Studs fixed vertically up the end of the gable so that gable cladding can be fixed to them

Gable variations

Gables may be boxed in with a small roof verge overhang, or may have different variations on a standard gable roof

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 Open gable

A gable that has the wall cladding or finish running all the way up to the raked eave. The eaves then overhang the
gable end and are lined on the rake (slope of the roof) and finished against the wall. A flush gable has no overhang
on the ends of the roof.

Sarking

A sheet product that is placed under the roof sheeting to stop moisture entering the roof space and to reflect heat.

Soffit

A term used in the building industry to refer to the underside of something, in this case the underside of the eaves.

Soffit bearer

The framing that runs from the fascia or barge back to the wall; it supports the eaves lining. Soffit bearers are a
minimum of 42mm X 35mm for eaves up to 600mm wide (AS 1684)

Verge rafter

The last rafter on the roof, positioned at the gable end. It supports the roof battens and attaches to the outriggers.

You are required to construct eaves for a new home project which has a pitched roof (not trussed), and with
Q19 brick veneer walls. Describe the process to mark and cut the rafters, fit the fascia, construct the eaves
framing, and fit the eave sheets.

1. Measure rafter overhang

2. String line/plumb rafter feet

3. Install fascia, allow for roof battens level across from fascia groove

4. Chalk like the eaves frame

5. Build and install eaves

6. Fix quad

Q20 Detail how a fascia is attached to the roof framing.

1. A fascia is fixed to the tails of the rafter overhangs by one of two methods: by direct nailing through timber
fascia to the end grain of the rafters; or by screwing brackets on to the side of the rafter tail and then
clipping metal fascia on to these brackets.

2. Metal fascia is installed by using special brackets that are designed for the metal fascia profile you will be
using. These brackets are fastened (normally screed) on to the tails of the trusses, and then the fascia is
clipped to the brackets.

3. Metal fasciae are joined by overlapping the profile of the first fascia into the profile of the next, or by butting
the fasciae together and securing them with backing metal or clips.

Q21 How is a barge different to a fascia?

A barge is different to a fascia in that it is attached on the slope of the roof, while fascia is attached on the level.
Often, the same material is used for fascia and barge.

Q22 If a fascia is timber, then it will be necessary to join it at some stage. What does this involve?

1. Joining is commonly done by cutting a 45-degree angle on the end of the two pieces of fascia and then
fixing them together with a backing piece of timber behind them.

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 2. As there will always be some movement with a fascia join, the join should be planned to be out of the main
visible area of the fascia. Set the mitre so that if the join does open, the opening won’t be visible from the
main entrances to the house.

What is the length of the eave overhang?

Q23

450mm

What type of fascia is being installed?

Q24

Emline Fascia’ – An easy to use and fast to install fascia system compatible with an extensive range of LYSAGHT®
Gutter profiles. The system includes a spring clip which snaps on to the fascia allowing the gutter to be fixed easily.

Provide a description of the following techniques used to construct eaves.

 Boxed eaves
Q25
 Simple spanning eaves

 Raked eaves

Boxed eaves

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 boxed eaves incorporate eaves/soffit bearers spanning between the fascia and the external wall of the building. The
eaves lining sheets are fixed to, and supported by, the bearers and along the external wall and fascia. Sheet joints
may occur on or off framing, however bearer spacing must be reduced for off frame jointing

Simple spanning eaves

Simple spanning eaves are ideal for narrow eaves, because the lining sheets are supported by the fascia board
groove and along the external wall, without the need for any intermediate support

Raked eaves

Raked eaves sheets are supported longitudinally by battens fixed to the underside of the roof truss top chords or
roof rafters in the traditionally framed house

Explain how framing is constructed to support the lining material. Include the material and tools that are
Q26
used.

1. Framing for the support of the lining material involves trimming as efficiently as possible with supports for
fixing the eaves lining. Usually this is done with lighter section-size material than that used for wall
framing—for example, 70mm X 35mm (AS 1684).

2. Framing is fixed to provide support for the eaves lining in straight lines and to be solid enough for later
nailing of the eaves lining.
3. Power nail guns are well suited for eaves trimming because often the light timbers are springy, and the nail
guns will shoot and hold the timber well.
4. If metal framing is being used, then screws are the most common fasteners to use. The main principal of
trimming for sheet materials is that there needs to be support for all edges of the sheet material.

Q27 What components does the framework for a boxed gable consist of?

Framing consists of vertical studs cut to the required lengths, with eaves bearers and hangers fitted where needed
to support the soffit sheeting.

If the eaves framing sits above the top brick of a brick veneer wall, how much ‘gap’ should be left between
Q28
these two components to allow for frame settlement?

A gap of 15mm should be left.

When trimming on a brick or masonry-veneer building that has timber wall frames, there needs to be an
allowance made for the shrinkage that will occur within the wall and floor framing (unless the floor is a
Q29
concrete slab). In a masonry-veneer building, what allowance needs to be provided between the soffit bearer
and the top of the masonry?

An allowance of 12mm needs to be provided between the soffit bearer and the top of the masonry.

When the barge board has been attached and the groove on the inside bottom of the barge has been fitted
Q30 under the verge rafter, you need to ensure that framing is in place to support the raked eaves lining material.
What does this involve?

This will usually mean trimming down the side of the gable so that the sheeting can be supported against the
building.

Q31 Discuss how fibre-cement sheets are fitted and fixed to the soffit.

Fibre-cement sheets are usually held in place with soft sheet nails. These are plated for protection and may have no
point (a flat end) on them so that they punch their way through. If you are nailing near an edge of the sheet the
spreading may cause the sheet to split. Marking the sheets for fitting requires planning and care.

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 Q32 What is a fibro joining strip?

Sheets are usually joined using fibro joining strips. These plastic strips fit into the last installed sheet and have a
wide back to assist placement of the next sheet.

Q33 Explain how the last fibre-cement sheet is fitted to the soffit.

The last sheet can be fitted by trimming the back off the joining strip, or by bowing the sheet into the end grooves
and then sliding the sheet across into the fascia groove.

Q34 What mouldings are commonly used to cover the junction of eave sheet and brick wall?

Quad moulding is commonly used to cover the junction of eave sheet and the brick wall.

Eave sheets for boxed eaves are supported by and fixed to eave framing. What are eave sheets fixed to on
Q35
sloping eaves?

Eave sheets are fixed to the underside of the rafter.

Q36 How should the fibre cement sheets be stored?

Fibre cement sheets should be stored flat and level in a covered dry area.

At the completion of the eaves lining stage of the construction, the outside of the building is usually close to
Q37 completion, so other trades such as painters can get started. How must you leave the site, before other
trades arrive?

1. Any worksite should be left clean and tidy

2. Rubble and waste storage or removal to appropriate area or bin

3. Tools, plant, and equipment cleaned, checked, and stored
4. Adequate access and egress form site for other trades

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 REFERENCES

Bibliography
Australian government . (2020). The Privacy Act. Retrieved from https://www.oaic.gov.au/:
https://www.oaic.gov.au/privacy/the-privacy-act/

Australian government . (2020). The Privacy Act. Retrieved from https://www.oaic.gov.au/:

https://www.oaic.gov.au/privacy/the-privacy-act/

Department of Local Government, Sport, and Cultural Industries . (2019, July 25). Sport and recreation.
Retrieved from https://www.dlgsc.wa.gov.au/: https://www.dsr.wa.gov.au/support-and-advice/research-
and-policies/organised-recreational-activity-and-mental-health

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