PRACTICAL -9
Euler’s Method
dy
Ques.1;Approximate the solution of = x + 2 y, with 0£x£1, y(0)=0 using four steps.
dx
In[17]:= euler@f_, 8x_, x0_, xn_<, 8y_, y0_<, steps_D :=
Block@8xold = x0, yold = y0, sollist = 88x0, y0<<, x, y, h<, h = N@Hxn - x0L stepsD;
Do@xnew = xold + h;
ynew = yold + h * Hf . 8x ® xold, y ® yold<L;
sollist = Append@sollist, 8xnew, ynew<D;
xold = xnew;
yold = ynew, 8steps<D;
Return@sollistDD
euler@x + 2 y, 8x, 0, 1<, 8y, 0<, 4D
Out[18]= 880, 0<, 80.25, 0.<, 80.5, 0.0625<, 80.75, 0.21875<, 81., 0.515625<<
dy y
Ques.2;Approximate the solution of = 1 + , with 1£x£6, y(1)=1 using 10 steps.
dx x
In[19]:= euler@f_, 8x_, x0_, xn_<, 8y_, y0_<, steps_D :=
Block@8xold = x0, yold = y0, sollist = 88x0, y0<<, x, y, h<, h = N@Hxn - x0L stepsD;
Do@xnew = xold + h;
ynew = yold + h * Hf . 8x ® xold, y ® yold<L;
sollist = Append@sollist, 8xnew, ynew<D;
xold = xnew;
yold = ynew, 8steps<D;
Return@sollistDD
, 8x, 1, 6<, 8y, 1<, 10F
y
eulerB1 +
x
Out[20]= 881, 1<, 81.5, 2.<, 82., 3.16667<, 82.5, 4.45833<, 83., 5.85<, 83.5, 7.325<,
84., 8.87143<, 84.5, 10.4804<, 85., 12.1448<, 85.5, 13.8593<, 86., 15.6193<<
dy y
Ques.3;Approximate the solution of = , with 0£x£5, y(0)=1 using 10 steps.
dx x
2 Untitled-1
In[25]:= euler@f_, 8x_, x0_, xn_<, 8y_, y0_<, steps_D :=
Block@8xold = x0, yold = y0, sollist = 88x0, y0<<, x, y, h<, h = N@Hxn - x0L stepsD;
Do@xnew = xold + h;
ynew = yold + h * Hf . 8x ® xold, y ® yold<L;
sollist = Append@sollist, 8xnew, ynew<D;
xold = xnew;
yold = ynew, 8steps<D;
Return@sollistDD
eulerB , 8x, 1, 5<, 8y, 1<, 10F
y
x
Out[26]= 881, 1<, 81.4, 1.4<, 81.8, 1.8<, 82.2, 2.2<, 82.6, 2.6<,
83., 3.<, 83.4, 3.4<, 83.8, 3.8<, 84.2, 4.2<, 84.6, 4.6<, 85., 5.<<
dy
Ques.4;Approximate the solution of = xy3 - y, with 0£x£1, y(0)=1 using 4 steps.
dx
In[27]:= euler@f_, 8x_, x0_, xn_<, 8y_, y0_<, steps_D :=
Block@8xold = x0, yold = y0, sollist = 88x0, y0<<, x, y, h<, h = N@Hxn - x0L stepsD;
Do@xnew = xold + h;
ynew = yold + h * Hf . 8x ® xold, y ® yold<L;
sollist = Append@sollist, 8xnew, ynew<D;
xold = xnew;
yold = ynew, 8steps<D;
Return@sollistDD
eulerAxy3 - y , 8x, 0, 1<, 8y, 1<, 4E
Out[28]= 980, 1<, 90.25, 1 + 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 M=,
90.5, 1 + 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 M + 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 - 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 MM=,
90.75, 1 + 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 M + 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 - 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 MM +
0.25 I- 1 + xy3 - 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 M - 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 - 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 MMM=,
91., 1 + 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 M + 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 - 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 MM +
0.25 I- 1 + xy3 - 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 M - 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 - 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 MMM +
0.25 I- 1 + xy3 - 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 M - 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 - 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 MM -
0.25 I- 1 + xy3 - 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 M - 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 - 0.25 I- 1 + xy3 MMMM==
