LABORATORY REPORT
BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY
PAPER CODE: - ESC-292
Student Name: Trisha Nandy
Year: - 1st year
Stream: - CST
Section: - H
Roll No: - 33
Enrollment No.: - 12020009022062
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT, KOLKATA
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Verification of Superposition Theorem.
2. Verification of Thevenin’s Theorem.
3. Verification of Norton’s Theorem.
4. Analysis of R-L-C Series Circuit.
5. Analysis of R-L-C Parallel Circuit.
Experiment No.:- ESC 292/1
TITLE OF THE EXPERIMENT: - Verification of Superposition Theorem.
OBJECTIVE: - To verify the Superposition Theorem using
MULTISIM ONLINE CIRCUIT SIMULATION SOFTWARE.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-
Main circuit
Step 1
Step 2
THEORY:-
SUPERPOSITION THEOREM STATEMENT
In any linear bilateral network containing two or more energy sources, the
response at any element is equivalent to the algebraic sum of the responses
caused by the individual sources.
i.e. While considering the effect of individual sources, the other ideal voltage
sources and ideal current sources in the network are replaced by short circuit and
open circuit across the terminals. This theorem is valid only for linear systems.
PROCEDURE:-
(i) At first open the MULTISIM LIVE ONLINE CIRCUIT
SIMULATOR WINDOW.
(ii) Then search for the required elements and sources on the left
side of the window.
(iii) Place all the required elements in the MULSIM LIVE
SCHEMATIC WINDOW and arrange all the parts properly.
(iv) Then connect all the element as per the given circuit diagram.
(v) After completing the connection, go to FILE
CONFIGURATION PANEL on the top left corner of the
MULTISIM LIVE WINDOW and SAVE the drawn circuit.
(vi) Now, click on SIMULATE to simulate the circuit and to see
the required output values or graphs.
CONCLUSION:- We have drawn all the circuit required to verify the
Superposition Theorem using MULTISIM LIVE ONLINE CIRCUIT
SIMULATOR and observed all the output data. So, we have successfully
verified the Superposition Theorem.
DATA SHEET
Verification of Superposition Theorem
APPARATUS REQUIRED:-
Name of
Sl. No. Apparatus Range Type Quantity
1. Voltage Source 500V, 100V DC 2
100Ω, 200Ω,
2. Resistor 50Ω - 3
3. GND_EARTH - - As per
Required
EXPERIMENTAL DATA/ OUTPUT GRAPHS:-
Voltage Source Current through 12Ω Resistor
E1 E2
500 volt 100 volt
(active) (active) 3.1429 amp (upward direction)
500 volt
(active) - 3.5714 amp (downward direction)
100 volt
- (active) -142.86 mA (upward direction)
RESULT: -
So, the resultant current for the voltage source is = (3.5714)+(-142.86/1000)A
=3.42854A
Which is nearly equal to the current when both voltage sources are active.
Experiment No.:- ESC 292/2
TITLE OF THE EXPERIMENT: - Verification of Thevenin’s Theorem.
OBJECTIVE: - To verify the Thevenin’s Theorem using MULTISIM ONLINE
CIRCUIT SIMULATION SOFTWARE.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-
THEORY:-
THEVENIN’S THEOREM STATEMENT:
The current flowing through a load resistance RL connected across any two
terminals A and B of a linear, bilateral network is given by
Voc/Ri+RL , where Voc is the open circuit voltage (i.e. voltage across terminals AB
when RL is removed) and Ri is the internal resistance of the network as viewed back
into the open circuited network from terminals AB deactivating all the independent
sources.
Procedure:-
(i) At first open the MULTISIM LIVE ONLINE CIRCUIT
SIMULATOR WINDOW.
(ii) Then search for the required elements and sources on the left side
of the window.
(iii) Place all the required elements in the MULSIM LIVE
SCHEMATIC WINDOW and arrange all the parts properly.
(iv) Then connect all the element as per the given circuit diagram.
(v) After completing the connection, go to FILE CONFIGURATION
PANEL on the top left corner of the MULTISIM LIVE
WINDOW and SAVE the drawn circuit.
(vi) Now, click on SIMULATE to simulate the circuit and to see the
required output values or graphs.
CONCLUSION: - We have drawn all the circuit required to verify the Thevenin’s
Theorem in MULTISIM ONLINE CIRCUIT SCHEMATIC and observed all the
output data. So, we have successfully verified the Thevenin’s Theorem.
DATA SHEET
Verification of Thevenin’s Theorem
APPARATUS REQUIRED: -
S.N Name of Apparatus Range Type Quantity
1 Voltage Source 54V DC 1
2 Resistors 150,200,250 ohm 4
and Load resistance
= 150 ohm
3 GND_EARTH --- 1
4 Current Source --- 1
Results-
Hence by the above experiment we find
Vth=33.75V
And by equivalent resistance we find
Rth = 293.755ohm and Rload = 150 ohm
Hence total Current through
RL = Vth/ (Rth+Rload)
= 76.055mA .
Experiment No.:- ESC 292/3
TITLE OF THE EXPERIMENT: - Verification of Norton’s Theorem.
OBJECTIVE: - To verify the Norton’s Theorem using MULTISOM ONLINE
CIRCUIT SMITULATOR SOFTWARE.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-
THEORY:-
NORTON’S THEOREM STATEMENT
Any two-terminal active network containing voltage sources and resistances
when viewed from its output terminals is equivalent to a constant current
source and an internal (parallel) resistance. The constant current source (known
as Norton’s equivalent current source) is of the magnitude of the short circuit
current at the terminals. The internal resistance is the equivalent resistance of
the network looking back into the terminals with all the sources replaced by
their internal resistances.
PROCEDURE:-
(i) At first open the MULTISIM LIVE ONLINE CIRCUIT
SIMULATOR WINDOW.
(ii) Then search for the required elements and sources on the left
side of the window.
(iii) Place all the required elements in the MULSIM LIVE
SCHEMATIC WINDOW and arrange all the parts properly.
(iv) Then connect all the element as per the given circuit diagram.
(v) After completing the connection, go to FILE
CONFIGURATION PANEL on the top left corner of the
MULTISIM LIVE WINDOW and SAVE the drawn circuit.
(vi) Now, click on SIMULATE to simulate the circuit and to see the
required output values or graphs.
CONCLUSION: - We have drawn all the circuit required to verify the
Superposition Theorem in MULTISIM ONLINE CIRCUIT STIMULATOR
SCHEMATIC and observed all the output data. So, we have successfully
verified the Superposition Theorem.
DATA SHEET
Verification of Norton’s Theorem
APPARATUS REQUIRED:-
S.N Name of Range Type Quantity
Apparatus
1 Voltage source 10V DC 1
2 Resistor 4,4,4,5 Ohms 5
And Load
resistance=2.5ohm
3 GND_EARTH - 1
Results –
From the simulation we first find the
I-Norton=0.833333A.
Then we find The R-Norton using Elimination and equivalent Resistance
R-Norton=2.7273ohm
Then by using CDR (current dividing rule) we obtain
I-load=434.78mA
Which almost equals with that in original circuit.
Experiment No:- ESC 292/4
TITLE OF THE EXPERIMENT: - Analysis of R-L-C series circuit.
The Impedance Z — ' - R‘’ + p X — X )'
Where
At resonance N, = N,. i.e. I, — I,. = 0. Therefore impedance of the circuit is R re, R = fi . So,
I’
— condition voltage drop across the
current flowing through the circun is maximum, given by i = In that
inductor and voltage drop across the capacitor is same and the power factor is unity. When these conditions
are exists, the circuit is said to be in resonance. The frequency at which this occurs is called Resonance
frequency, f, .
At resonance I, = I,
So at L =
" LC
Therefore resonance frequency, f, —- Hence, the value of’ resonance frequency depends on
the parameter of the two energy storing elements.
PROCEDURE:-
(i) At first open the MULTISIM LIVE ONLINE CIRCUIT
SIMULATOR WINDOW.
(ii) Then search for the required elements and sources on the left
side of the window.
(iii) Place all the required elements in the MULSIM LIVE
SCHEMATIC WINDOW and arrange all the parts properly.
(iv) Then connect all the element as per the given circuit diagram.
(v) After completing the connection, go to FILE
CONFIGURATION PANEL on the top left corner of the
MULTISIM LIVE WINDOW and SAVE the drawn circuit.
(vi) Now, click on SIMULATE to simulate the circuit and to see the
required output values or graphs.
RESULT:- We have drawn all the required circuits to analyze the R-L-C series
circuit in MULTISIM ONLINE CIRCUIT STIMULATIR SCHEMATIC and
observed all the output waveforms. So, we have successfully analyzed the R-L-C
series circuit.
DATA SHEET
Analysis of R-L-C Series Circuit
APPARATUS REQUIRED:-
Name of
Sl. No. Apparatus Range Type Quantity
2
100V, 50Hz (1 for LR,
Sinusoidal LC, CR)
1. Voltage Source 1V, 1kHz (VSIN) (1 for RLC)
2. Resistor 1kΩ, 100 Ω - As per
required.
3. Capacitor 1uF - As per
required
4. Inductor 1H,1uH - As per
required
5. GND_EARTH - - As per
required
EXPERIMENTAL DATA/ OUTPUT GRAPHS:-
RESISTIVE CIRCUIT
CAPACITIVE CIRCUIT
INDUCTIVE CIRCUIT
R-L-C Series Circuit
RLC SERIES CIRCUIT
Experiment No.: - ESC 292/5
TITLE OF THE EXPERIMENT: - Analysis of R-L-C parallel circuit.
OBJECTIVE: -To analyze the R-L-C parallel circuit using MULTISIM ONLINE
CIRCUIT SIMULATION SOFTWARE.
THEORY: -
In parallel RLC Circuit the resistor, inductor and capacitor are connected in
parallel across a voltage supply. The parallel RLC circuit is exactly opposite to
the series RLC circuit. The applied voltage remains the same across all
components and the supply current gets divided.
The total current drawn from the supply is not equal to mathematical sum of the
current flowing in the individual component, but it is equal to its vector sum of
all the currents, as the current flowing in resistor, inductor and capacitor are not
in the same phase with each other; so they cannot be added arithmetically.
Phase diagram of parallel RLC circuit, IR is the current flowing in the resistor, R
in amps.
IC is the current flowing in the capacitor, C in amps.
IL is the current flowing in the inductor, L in amps.
Is is the supply current in amps.
In the parallel RLC circuit, all the components are connected in parallel; so the
voltage across each element is same. Therefore, for drawing phase diagram,
take voltage as reference vector and all the other currents i.e. IR, IC, IL are drawn
relative to this voltage vector. The current through each element can be found
using Kirchhoff’s Current Law, which states that the sum of currents entering a
junction or node is equal to the sum of current leaving that node.
PROCEDURE: -
(i) At first open the MULTISIM LIVE ONLINE CIRCUIT
SIMULATOR WINDOW.
(ii) Then search for the required elements and sources on the left
side of the window.
(iii) Place all the required elements in the MULSIM LIVE
SCHEMATIC WINDOW and arrange all the parts properly.
(iv) Then connect all the element as per the given circuit diagram.
(v) After completing the connection, go to FILE
CONFIGURATION PANEL on the top left corner of the
MULTISIM LIVE WINDOW and SAVE the drawn circuit.
(vi) Now, click on SIMULATE to simulate the circuit and to see
the required output values or graphs.
RESULT: - We have drawn all the required circuits to analyze the
R-L-C Parallel circuit in MULTISIM ONLINE CIRCUIT
STIMULATOR SCHEMATIC and observed all the output
waveforms. So, we have successfully analyzed the R-L-C Parallel
circuit.
DATA SHEET
Analysis of R-L-C Parallel Circuit
APARATUS REQUIRED: -
Sl. No. Name of Apparatus Range Type Quantity
1 Voltage Source 100V, 50Hz Sinusoidal 1
1V, 1kHz (VSIN)
2 Resistor 20Ω,20 Ω ,100 Ω As per
10 Ω,1k Ω required
3 Capacitor 160uF, 1uF As per
required
4 Inductor 0.0318 H, 1H As per
required
5 GND_EARTH --- As per
required
RESISTIVE CIRCUIT
R-L-C Parallel Circuit:-
