22. HCF (15,75,160) = 5 and LCM (15,75,160) = 2400
23. 96 = 25 x3
24. 130= 2x5x13
25. Let us assume, to the contrary, that 2 + 3√5 is rational.
So that we can find integers a and b (b ≠ 0). Such that 2 + 3√5 = ab, where a and b are coprime. Rearranging the above equation, we get
1 Since a and b are integers, we get a3b−23 is rational and so √5 is rational. But this contradicts the fact that √5 is irrational. So, we conclude that 2 + 3√5 is irrational.
26. Let us assume, to the contrary, that 3√7 is rational.
That is, we can find coprime a and b (b ≠ 0) such that 3√7 = a/b Rearranging, we get √7 = a/3b Since 3, a and b are integers, a/3b is rational, and so √7 is rational. But this contradicts the fact that √7 is irrational. So, we conclude that 3√7 is irrational.
26. 140= 22 x5x7
27. 156= 22 x3x13
28. 5005= 5x7x11x13
29. HCF (8,9,25) = 1, LCM (8,9,25) =1800.
30. HCF (12,15,21) = 3 and LCM (12,15,21) =420
SECTION-D(3x5=15)
31.Required number is= HCF of 615-6 and 963-6 = HCF (609,957) =87 32. Let the numbers be 21x and 17x Common factors of 21x and 17x = x. Also, HCF = 5. Hence, x=5 So, required nos. are 21x5=105 and 17x5= 85. 33.510= 2x3x5x17 92 = 2x2x23 HCF (510,92) = 2, LCM (510,92) =23460. HCF x LCM = 2x 23460 = 46920 Product of two numbers = 510 x92 = 46920. Hence, HCF x LCM = product of two numbers.
34. LCM = 306 x 657/9 =22338
35. Let x = 17 x 41x 43 x 61 + 43
= 43 x (17 x 41 x 61 +1)
= 43 x (42517 + 1)
= 43 x 42518 2 Hence the given number has more than two factors. So, it is a composite number.
SECTION-E (5X5=25) 36. LCM (48,72,108) =432 seconds = 7 minutes 12seconds. 37. The 1st kind 120 litres is sold in 2 tins of volume 60 litres in each tin. The 2nd kind 180 litres is sold in 3 tins of volume 60 litres in each tin. Hence, the greatest volume of each tin is 60 litres. 38. H.C.F of (1658, 832) = 2. Hence the side of the square tile is 2 cm.
39. Because the H.C.F is 49, the two numbers can be assumed as 49x and 49y Their sum is 588. So, we have 49x + 49y = 588 Divide each side 49. x + y = 12 We have to find the values of “x” and “y” such that their sum is 12. The possibles pairs of values of (x, y) are (1, 11), (2, 10), (3, 9), (4, 8), (5, 7), (6, 6). Here, we have to check an important thing. That is, in the above pairs of values of (x, y), which are all co-primes ? [Co-primes = Two integers are said to be co-primes or relatively prime if they have no common positive factor other than 1] Therefore, in the above pairs, (1, 11) and (5, 7) are the co-primes. Hence, the number of pairs is 2. 40. Let us assume, to the contrary, that √5 is rational. So, we can find integers p and q (q ≠ 0), such that √5 = p/q, where p and q are coprime. Squaring both sides, we get 5 = p2/q2 ⇒ 5q2 = p2 …(i) ⇒ 5 divides p2 5 divides p So, let p = 5r Putting the value of p in (i), we get 5q2 = (5r)2 ⇒ 5q2 = 25r2 ⇒ q2 = 5r2 ⇒ 5 divides q2 5 divides q. So, p and q have at least 5 as a common factor. But this contradicts the fact that p and q have no common factor. So, our assumption is wrong. √5 is irrational.
