Gillesania Engineering Review and Training Center - 2024 Probability

1. A man has 3 jackets, 10 shirts, and 5 pairs of slacks. If an outfit consists of a and 9 but you do not know the order. What is the maximum number of
jacket, a shirt, and a pair of slacks, how many different outfits can the man telephone calls you will need to make in order to dial the correct number?
make? A. 20 B. 24 C. 28 D. 32
A. 18 B. 30 C. 100 D. 150 _____
_____ 20. How many ways can 6 persons line-up If one person insists to stand in front?
2. A student has a choice of 5 foreign languages and 4 sciences. In how many ways A. 80 B. 100 C. 120 D. 140
can he choose 1 language and 1 science? _____
A. 9 B. 10 C. 18 D. 20 21. In how many different ways can one make a first, second, third, and fourth
_____ choice among 10 firms leasing construction equipment?
3. There are 4 candidates for president of a club, 6 for vice-president and 2 for A. 3024 B. 5040 C. 3360 D. 4210
secretary. In how many ways can these three positions be filled? _____
A. 12 B. 18 C. 24 D. 48 22. The Beau Chene Garden Club has 12 members. They plan to elect a president,
_____ a vice-president, and a treasurer. How many different outcomes are possible
4. Peter is going to set up a stereo system by purchasing separate components. for the election if each member is eligible for each office and no one can hold
There are 5 different receivers, 8 different DVD players, and 12 different two offices?
speaker systems. If Peter wants one of each of these components, how many A. 1230 B. 1320 C. 2130 D. 2310
different stereo systems are possible? _____
A. 360 B. 480 C. 540 D. 620 23. In how many ways can a PICE chapter with 12 directors choose a president, a
_____ vice-president, a secretary, a treasurer, and an auditor, if no member can hold
5. Next semester you are planning to take three courses—math, English, and more than one position?
humanities. Based on time blocks and highly recommended professors, there A. 792 B. 95040 C. 665280 D. 845
are 8 sections of math, 5 of English, and 4 of humanities that you find suitable. _____
Assuming no scheduling conflicts, how many different three-course schedules 24. Determine the number of different words of 5 letters each that can be formed
are possible? with the letters of the word chromate if each letter is used not more than once.
A. 17 B. 140 C. 160 D. 180 A. 2670 B. 2760 C. 6270 D. 6720
_____ _____
6. A music school produced a number of musicians which includes 3 drummers, 25. How many numbers may be formed by using 4 out of the 5 digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 if
4 trumpet players and 5 pianists. How many different jazz trios can be formed the digits must not be repeated in any order?
from this batch of musicians if each trio consists of a drummer, a trumpet A. 120 B. 130 C. 140 D. 150
player and a pianist? _____
A. 50 B. 60 C. 70 D. 80 26. How many 4-digit numbers may be formed with the 10 digits, 0, 1, 2, 3, …, 9 if
_____ each digit is used only once in each number?
7. There are three flights from Houston to Chicago, four flights from Chicago to A. 3456 B. 4563 C. 4536 D. 5634
Memphis and five flights from Memphis to Atlanta. How many choices of flights _____
include the Houston-Chicago-Memphis-Atlanta connection? 27. It is required to seat 5 men and 4 women in a row so that the women occupy
A. 12 B. 120 C. 60 D. 150 the even places. How many such arrangements are possible?
_____ A. 120 B. 210 C. 280 D. 2880
8. To make a ham and cheese sandwich you are given a choice of 3 kinds of ham, _____
5 kinds of cheese, and 2 kinds of bread. How many different sandwiches can 28. In how many ways can 9 different books be arranged on a shelf so that 3 of the
you make? books are always together,
A. 30 B. 10 C. 15 D. 45 A. 4230 B. 4320 C. 30240 D. 30420
_____ _____
9. How many seven-digit local telephone numbers can be formed if the first three 29. Six different biology books, 5 different chemistry books and 2 different physics
digits are 279? books are to be arranged on a shelf so that the biology books stand together,
A. 3024 B. 6561 C. 5040 D. 10000 the chemistry books stand together, and the physics books stand together.
_____ How many such arrangements are possible?
10. In a certain city in the Philippines, all seven-digit telephone numbers begin A. 1036800 B. 1306800 C. 1360800 D. 1368000
with 350. How many telephone numbers maybe assigned to that city if the last _____
four digits should not begin or end in zero? 30. In how many ways can 3 boys and 2 girls sit in a row?
A. 7980 B. 8100 C. 8800 D. 9200 A. 48 B. 84 C. 100 D. 120
_____ _____
11. The LTO issues license plates consisting of letters and numbers. There are 26 31. Six boys and four girls are to be seated on a bench. How many ways can they
letters may be repeated. There are 10 digits and the digits may be repeated. be seated if the girls must be seated next to each other?
How many possible license plates can be issued with two letters followed by A. 120960 B. 34560 C. 86400 D. 94350
three numbers? _____
A. 746,000 B. 864,000 C. 676,000 D. 542,000 32. The number of ways can 3 nurses and 4 engineers be seated on a bench with
_____ the nurses seated together is?
12. In how many ways can 2 different prizes be awarded among 10 contestants if A. 144 B. 258 C. 720 D. 450
both may not be give to the same person? _____
A. 19 B. 45 C. 90 D. 100 33. Five men and 3 women are to be seated on a bench. How many ways can they
_____ be seated if the men must be seated side-by-side, and also the women?
13. In how many different orders may 5 persons be seated in a row? A. 720 B. 1440 C. 2016 D. 4032
A. 24 B. 25 C. 120 D. 3125 34. In how many ways can 5 persons be seated at a round table?
_____ A. 24 B. 48 C. 72 D. 120
14. In how many ways can 7 books be arranged on a shelf? _____
A. 4005 B. 5050 C. 5040 D. 5400 35. In how many ways can 8 persons be seated at a round table if 2 particular
_____ persons must always sit together?
15. Twelve different pictures are available, of which 4 are to be hung in a row. In A. 720 B. 680 C. 1440 D. 1360
how many ways can this be done? _____
A. 11 880 B. 12 800 C. 13 660 D. 14 600 36. In how many ways can 4 men and 4 women be seated at a round table if each
_____ woman is to be between two men?
16. An electronic controlling device requires six identical memory chips. In how A. 12 B. 144 C. 288 D. 576
many ways can this mechanism be assembled using six given chips? _____
A. 720 B. 540 C. 360 D. 840 37. A group of engineers are taking their dinner in a big circular table. The group
_____ is composed of 4 Civil Engineers, 3 Mechanical Engineers, 2 Electrical
17. Industrial engineers are timing to workers to rank their speed at assembling Engineers, and 2 Electronics and Communications Engineers. How many
computers. There are 10 workers. How many different permutations are arrangements can they form if the awesome CE’s want to be together side by
possible? side?
A. 864000 B. 86400 C. 362880 D. 3628800 A. 17280 B. 2880 C. 30240 D. 20160
_____ _____
18. The Engineering club at Midwestern University is to select a president, a vice 38. There are 3 copies each of 4 different books. In how many different ways can
president, and a secretary/treasurer from 38 members of the club. How many they be arranged on a shelf?
ways to select them. A. 366 900 B. 369 600 C. 396 600 D. 390 660
A. 73,815 B. 50,616 C. 8,436 D. 1771,560 _____
_____ 39. The Court of Appeals has 9 justices. On a certain case, the justices voted 5 to 4
19. You know that the extension of a private telephone number is 272 but you have in favor of the defendant. In how many ways could this have happened?
forgotten the last 4 digits. You can only recall that the last 4 digits are 3, 6, 8, A. 120 B. 126 C. 134 D. 140

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Gillesania Engineering Review and Training Center - 2024 Probability
40. How many permutations can be made from the letters of the word 61. Without repeating any digit, how many 3-digit numbers can you make out
ENGINEERING? from digits 0, 1, 3, 4, 8, 9 that are greater than 480
A. 39,916,800 B. 277,200 C. 55,440 D. 3,326,400 A. 47 B. 50 C. 80 D. 120
41. How many distinct permutations can be formed from all the letters of the word
sociological? 62. Without repeating any digit, how many 3-digit numbers can you make out
A. 9972900 B. 9997200 C. 99297200 D. 9979200 from digits 0, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9 that are less than 730.
_____ A. 60 B. 64 C. 68 D. 72
42. How many different signals, each consisting of 6 flags hung in a vertical line, _____
can be formed from 4 identical red flags and 2 identical blue flags? 63. How many ways can 6 persons line-up if two of those persons refuse to stand
A. 14 B. 28 C. 48 D. 72 next to each other?
_____ A. 480 B. 520 C. 360 D. 440
43. How many different sets of 4 students can be chosen out of 17 qualified _____
students to represent a school in a mathematics contest? 64. In how many ways can 5 people line up to pay their electric bills, if two
A. 2380 B. 2830 C. 3280 D. 3820 particular persons refuse to follow each other?
_____ A. 120 B. 72 C. 90 D. 140
44. In how many ways can 5 styles be selected out of 8 styles? _____
A. 52 ways B. 54 ways C. 56 ways D. 58 ways 65. A delegation of 4 students is selected each year from a college to attend the
_____ National Student Association annual meeting. In how many ways can the
45. Ayala Corporation advertised to hire financial analyst. The company received delegation be chosen if there are 12 eligible students ways but two will not
applications from 10 candidates who seem to be equally qualified. The attend the meeting together?
company manager has decided to call only 3 candidates for an interview. If she A. 210 B. 240 C. 450 D. 540
randomly selects 3 candidates from the 10, how many total selections are _____
possible? 66. From a group of 20 volunteers, you are choosing at least 18 to be peer
A. 110 B. 120 C. 130 D. 140 counselors. In how many ways can this be done?
_____ A. 120 B. 190 C. 210 D. 211
46. Determine the number of different triangles which can be formed by joining _____
the six vertices of a hexagon, the vertices of each triangle being on the hexagon. 67. In how many ways can a hostess select six luncheon guests from 10 women if
A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 25 she is to avoid having two of them together at the luncheon?
_____ A. 210 B. 84 C. 140 D. 168
47. In how many ways can 3 women be selected out of 15 women if 1 of the women _____
is to be included in every selection, 68. In how many ways can we seat 7 people in a round table with a certain 3 people
A. 81 B. 91 C. 101 D. 111 not in consecutive order?
_____ A. 576 B. 3960 C. 5320 D. 689
48. From 6 chemists and 5 biologists, a committee of 7 is to be chosen so as to _____
include 4 chemists. In how many ways can this be done? 69. Referring to the experiment of tossing a coin twice, let A be the event “at least
A. 120 B. 135 C. 150 D. 175 one head occurs”. Which of the following gives the sample space for the event
_____ A?
49. Given 8 consonants and 4 vowels, how many 5-Ietter words can be formed, A. {HT} B. {TH} C. {TH, HT} D. {HT, TH, HH}
each word consisting of 3 different consonants and 2 different vowels? _____
A. 20 430 B. 30 240 C. 40 320 D. 43 200 70. An experiment consists of selecting three items from a box of several items.
_____ The three items are classified defective (D) or non-defective (N) as they are
50. In a random draw of four cards from a deck of 52 playing cards, how many selected. Give the sample space for the event where it has exactly one
ways can the cards be drawn with exactly three club cards? defective?
A. 286 B. 220 C. 8800 D. 11154 A. (NNN, NND, DNN) C. (DDD, DNN, NDD)
_____ B. (DNN, NDN, NND) D. (NDD, DND, DDN)
51. In how many ways can a student select a set of 4 Structural Design books and _____
3 Hydraulics books from a set of 9 Structural Design books and 5 Hydraulics 71. An experiment consists of selecting three items from a box of several items.
books? The three items are classified defective (D) or non-defective (N) as they are
A. 1080 B. 1260 C. 1420 D. 1580 selected. Give the sample space for event where it has at least two defectives
_____ in three?
52. A semiconductor company will hire 7 men and 4 women. In how many ways A. {NDD, DND, DDN} C. {NDD, DND, DDN, DDD}
can the company choose from 9 men and 6 women who qualified for the B. {DDN, DDD, NDD} D. {DDD}
position? _____
A. 680 B. 840 C. 480 D. 540 72. An experiment consists of selecting three items from a box of several items.
_____ The three items are classified defective (D) or non-defective (N) as they are
53. In a random draw of five cards from a deck of 52 playing cards, how many ways selected. Give the sample space for the event where it has at most one
can five red cards be drawn? defective?
A. 32890 B. 2598960 C. 1287 D. 65780 A. {NNN, NND, DNN} C. {DNN, NDN, NND, DDN, DND}
_____ B. {DNN, NDN, NND} D. {NNN, DNN, NDN, NND}
54. In a random draw of five cards from a deck of 52 playing cards, how many _____
cards can be drawn consisting three aces and 2 face cards? 73. An experiment consists of inspecting items from a production line until a
A. 246 B. 264 C. 426 D. 462 defective (D) is found. Give the sample space for this experiment. What is the
_____ sample space of which exactly one item is inspected?
55. In how many ways can a person choose 1 or more of 4 electrical appliances? A. {D} B. {N} C. { } D. ∅
A. 15 B. 16 C. 17 D. 18 _____
_____ 74. An experiment consists of inspecting items from a production line until a
56. How many ways can you invite any one or more of your eight friends to come defective (D) is found. Give the sample space for this experiment. Which
in your birthday party? outcomes are in the event of which at least two items are inspected?
A. 255 B. 243 C. 128 D. 356 A. {ND, NND, NNND, NNNND}
_____ B. {ND, DN}
57. An amusement park has 20 different rides. How many different combinations C. {ND, NND, NNND, NNNND, …}
of rides you can go on if you want to ride at least 15 of them? D. {D, ND}
A. 21,700 B. 6196 C. 15,504 D. 32,767 _____
_____ 75. An experiment consists of inspecting items from a production line until a
58. In how many ways can a teacher choose one or more students from six eligible defective (D) is found. Give the sample space for this experiment. Which
students? outcomes are in the event of which at most five items are inspected?
A. 36 B. 46 C. 63 D. 64 A. {D, ND, NND, NNND, NNNND}
_____ B. {DNNNN, NDNNN, NNDNN, NNNDN, NNNND}
59. How many signals can be made with 5 different flags by raising them any C. {NNNND, NNNDD, NNDDD, NNDDD, DDDDD}
number at a time? D. {NNNND}
A. 235 B. 253 C. 325 D. 352 _____
_____ 76. Suppose a lot consisting of 100 items contains 5 defectives. If one item is
60. Four different colored flags can be hung in a row to make coded signal. How randomly selected, the probability P(item is defective) is:
many signals can be made if a signal consists of the display of one or more A. 0.05 B. 0.5 C. 0.005 D. 0.0005
flags? _____
A. 64 B. 66 C. 68 D. 62 77. If a die is rolled 5 times, what is the probability of obtaining five 6s in a row?
_____ Ans. (1/6)⁵
_____
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Gillesania Engineering Review and Training Center - 2024 Probability
78. In an unbiased coin toss, the probability of getting heads or tails is exactly ½. A. 21 B. 25/57 C. 28/57 D. 32/57
A coin is tossed and one gets heads. If the coin is tossed again, the probability
of getting head again is: 99. Three cards are drawn from a pack of 52, each card being replaced before the
A. ½ B. 0 C. ¼ D. ⅓ next one is drawn. Compute the probability that all are aces.
A. 1/1297 B. 1/1279 C. 1/2179 D. 1/2197
79. A dart target board consists of a center circle having a radius of 2 inches a _____
square section with dimension of 6 in x 6 in and the radius of the biggest circle 100. Find the probability of drawing a 7, then a face card (K, Q or J) from a standard
is 6 in. The three cross-sections have the same center at 0. Assuming the dart 52-card deck with replacement.
is equally likely to hit any point inside the target. Find the probability that a A. 0.0167 B. 0.0178 C. 0.0181 D. 0.0195
dart thrown at the circular target will hit the area outside the square. _____
Ans. 0.682 101. The probability that a certain man will be alive 25 years hence is 3/7, and the
_____ probability that his wife will be alive 25 years hence is 4/5. Determine the
80. An employee of a large company, Toyota Motors Inc., is promoted to probability that, 25 years hence, at least one of them will be alive.
management and will be transferred within 6 months. The employee is told A. 3/35 B. 4/35 C. 31/35 D. 32/35
that there is a 33% probability of being transferred to Cebu and a 50% _____
probability of being transferred to Davao. What is the probability that the 102. A component fails a particular test (A) 15% of the time or a component
employee will be transferred to Cebu or Davao? displays strain but does not fail the test (B) 25% of the time.
Ans. 0.83 (a) What is the probability that the component does not fail the test?
_____ (b) What is the probability that a component works perfectly (neither displays
_____81. A single die is tossed once. Find the probability of a 2 or 5 turning up. strain nor fails the test)?
A. 1/6 B. 1/3 C. 2/3 D. 5/6 (c) What is the probability that the component either fails or shows strain in
_____ the test?
82. A card is drawn at random from an ordinary deck of 52 playing cards. Find the Answers: (a) 0.85 (b) 0.6 (c) 0.4
probability that it is an ace, _____
A. 1/52 B. 1/26 C. 1/13 D. 1/12 103. A box contains 58 red marbles, 14 yellow marbles, 28 blue marbles, all the
_____ marbles are of the same size. Three marbles are drawn at random from the
83. A card is drawn at random from an ordinary deck of 52 playing cards. Find the box, first one, then a second, and then a third. Determine the probability of
probability that it is a three of clubs or a six of diamonds. getting one red marble, one yellow marble, and one blue marble with
A. 1/52 B. 1/26 C. 1/13 D. 1/12 replacement.
_____ A. 0.0145 B. 0.0227 C. 0.0348 D. 0.0425
84. A ball is drawn at random from a box containing 6 red balls, 4 white balls, and _____
5 blue balls. Determine the probability that it not red. 104. A classroom contains 71 students. 10 of them are Chinese, 24 are Japanese and
A. 1/5 B. 2/5 C. 3/5 D. 4/5 37 are Filipinos. If three students are randomly asked to get out of the room,
_____ one after the other, what are the probabilities that all 3 students are Chinese?
85. Determine the probability of throwing a total of 8 in a single throw with two A. 0.00021 B. 0.00032 C. 0.0036 D. 0.0042
dice, each of whose faces is number from 1 to 6. _____
A. 1/18 B. 1/9 C. 5/36 D. 7/36 105.A box contains 100 washers, 24 of which are brass, 36 copper, and the
_____ remainder are steel. One washer is taken at random and retained, and a second
86. Roll a pair of dice. What is the probability that the sum of two numbers is 11? washer similarly drawn. Determine the probability that the first is brass, and
A. 1/36 B. 1/9 C. 1/18 D. 1/20 the second is copper.
_____ A. 0.1296 B. 0.0873 C. 0.0864 D. 0.1936
87. In a throw of two dice, the probability of obtaining a total of 10 or 12 _____
A. 1/6 B. 1/9 C. 1/12 D. 1/18 106. A box contains 74 brass washers, 86 steel washers, and 40 aluminum washers.
_____ Three washers are drawn at random from the box with replacement. Find the
88. Eleven books, consisting of 5 engineering books, 4 mathematics books, and 2 probability that there are no aluminum washers drawn.
chemistry books, are placed on a shelf at random. What is the probability that A. 0.4819 B. 0.5101 C. 0.5852 D. 0.6652
the books of each kind are all together? _____
A. 1/1155 B. 2/1155 C. 3/1155 D. 4/1155 107. Nine pingpong balls number are placed in tambulo. You randomly draw two
_____ balls. What is the probability that the first number is odd and the second
89. Five red blocks and 4 white blocks are placed at random in a row. What is the number is even if there is a replacement for the first ball before selecting the
probability that the extreme blocks are both red? second?
A. 2/9 B. 1/6 C. 5/18 D. 7/18 A. 0.247 B. 0.274 C. 0.427 D. 0.472
_____ _____
90. Nine tickets, numbered from 1 to 9, are in a box. If 2 tickets are drawn at 108. A quality engineer selects 3 iPods from a box that contains 20 iPods of which
random, determine the probability that both are odd. 3 are defective. What is the probability that the first is defective and the others
A. 3/18 B. 5/9 C. 5/18 D. 2/9 are not defective?
_____ A. 0.295 B. 0.204 C. 0.119 D. 0.122
91. From the previous number. Find the probability that one is odd, and one is _____
even. 109. A box contains 5 defective and 195 non‐defective cell phones. A quality control
A. 3/18 B. 5/9 C. 5/18 D. 2/9 engineer selects two cell phones at random without replacement. What is the
_____ probability that neither is defective?
92. A bag contains 6 red, 4 white, and 8 blue balls. If 3 balls are drawn at random, A. 0.95063 B. 0.9505 C. 0.00066 D. 0.00051
determine the probability that all 3 are red. _____
A. 7/204 B. 1/204 C. 5/204 D. 3/204 110. A box contains 5 defective and 195 non‐defective cell phones. A quality control
_____ engineer selects two cell phones at random without replacement. What is the
93. A bag contains 6 red, 4 white, and 8 blue balls. If 3 balls are drawn at random, probability that both are defective
determine the probability that 2 are white and 1 is red. A. 0.00050 B. 0.0007 C. 0.00053 D. 0.00063
A. 1/68 B. 3/68 C. 5/68 D. 7/68 _____
_____ 111. A box contains 5 defective and 195 non‐defective cell phones. A quality control
94. Three cards are drawn from a pack of 52 cards. Determine the probability that engineer selects two cell phones at random with replacement. What is the
all are aces. probability that neither is defective?
A. 1/5555 B. 1/5552 C. 1/5525 D. 1/5255 A. 0.950625 B. 0.9505 C. 0.00066 D. 0.00051
_____ _____
95. Three cards are drawn from a pack of 52 cards. Determine the probability that 112. A box contains 5 defective and 195 non‐defective cell phones. A quality control
all are spades. engineer selects two cell phones at random with replacement. What is the
A. 3/850 B. 7/850 C. 9/850 D. 11/850 probability that both are defective
_____ A. 0.00050 B. 0.0007 C. 0.00053 D. 0.000625
96. Five cards are to be drawn from a deck of 52 playing cards. Find the _____
probability that all are red cards, 113. A box contains 5 defective and 195 non‐defective cell phones. A quality control
A. 0.01926 B. 0.02843 C. 0.06732 D. 0.02531 engineer selects two cell phones at random without replacement. What is the
_____ probability that exactly one is defective?
97. Four cards are to be drawn from a deck of 52 playing cards. Find the A. 0.0245 B. 0.0490 C. 0.0488 D. 0.0244
probability that there are exactly two clubs. _____
A. 0.12349 B. 0.21349 C. 0.23149 D. 0.21934 114. A box contains 5 defective and 195 non‐defective cell phones. A quality control
_____ engineer selects two cell phones at random with replacement. What is the
98. A batch of electronic parts contains 16, which are within a power tolerance probability that exactly one is defective?
and 4, which are not. If 3 electronic parts are selected at random from the A. 0.0245 B. 0.0490 C. 0.04875 D. 0.0244
batch, compute the probability that all three are within the power tolerance. _____
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Gillesania Engineering Review and Training Center - 2024 Probability
115. A man holds 2 of a total of 20 tickets in a lottery. If there are 2 winning tickets, 135. According to statistics 30% of smokers want to quit smoking. In a random of
determine the probability that he has exactly one. 12 smokers, what is the probability that the number of who want to quit
A. 9/95 B. 12/95 C. 15/95 D. 18/95 smoking is exactly 6?
_____ A. 0.0792 B. 0.0836 C. 0.0942 D. 0.0632
116. An urn contains 4 black balls and 6 white balls. What is the probability of _____
getting 1 black and 1 white ball in two consecutive draws from the urn? 136. Sixty percent of the employees of a certain company have at least one credit
A. 0.24 B. 0.27 C. 0.53 D. 0.04 card. If a random sample of 12 employees, what is the probability that 5 of
_117. There are three candidates, A, B, and C, for an office. The odds that A will win them have at least one credit card?
are 7 to 5, and the odds that B will win are 1 to 3. (a) What is the probability A. 0.9100 B. 0.1900 C. 0.1090 D. 0.1009
that either A or B will win? _____
A. 7/48 B. 5/6 C. 6/48 D. 6/7 137. If the probability that it will rain on any given day this week is 60%, find the
_____ probability that it will rain exactly 3 out of 7 days this week.
118. One bag contains 4 white balls and 2 black balls; another bag contains 3 white A. 0.1359 B. 0.1593 C. 0.1935 D. 0.1953
balls and 5 black balls. If one ball is drawn from each bag, determine the _____
probability that 1 is white and 1 is black. 138. An automatic machine produces an average 10% of its components outside of
A. 7/24 B. 11/24 C. 13/24 D. 17/24 tolerance required. In a sample of 10 components from the machine,
_____ determine the probability of having 3 components outside of tolerance
119. From a bag containing 4 black balls and 5 white balls, two balls are drawn one required.
at a time. Find the probability that one ball is white and one ball is black. A. 0.0475 B. 0.0574 C. 0.0745 D. 0.0754
Assume that the first ball is returned before the second ball is drawn. _____
A. 16/81 B. 25/81 C. 20/81 D. 40/81 139. Calculate the probability of randomly guessing at least 7 correct answers on a
_____ 10-question true or false quiz to get a passing a grade.
120. One bag contains 5 white balls and 4 black balls and a second bag contains 2 A. 0.127 B. 0.172 C. 0.712 D. 0.721
white and 4 black balls. One ball is drawn from the second bag and is placed _____
unseen in the first bag. What is the probability that the ball now drawn from 140. A traffic control engineer reports that 75% of the vehicles passing through a
the first bag is white? checkpoint are from within the city. What is the probability that fewer than 4
A. 5/21 B. 8/15 C. 23/63 D. 1/15 of the next 9 vehicles are from out of the city?
_____ A. 0.3483 B. 0.3834 C. 0.4833 D. 0.8343
121. One purse contains 5 dimes and 2 quarters, and a second purse contains 1 _____
dime and 3 quarters. If a coin is taken from one of the two purses at random, 141. If 20% of the bolts produced by a machine are defective, determine the
what is the probability that it is a quarter? probability that out of 4 bolts chosen at random, less than 2, bolts will be
A. 29/56 B. 29/65 C. 32/65 D. 23/56 defective.
_____ A. 0.1892 B. 0.2981 C. 0.8192 D. 0.9821
122. One purse contains 6 copper coins and 1 silver coin; a second purse contains 4 _____
copper coins. Five coins are drawn from the first purse and put into the second, 142. Teams A and B are playing in a league. They will pay each other 5 times. If the
and then 2 coins are drawn from the second and put into the first. Determine probability that A wins a game is ⅓, what is the probability that team A will
the probability that the silver coin is in the second purse. win at least three of the five games?
A. 1/9 B. 2/9 C. 4/9 D. 5/9 A. 0.12 B. 0.21 C. 0.34 D. 0.43
_____ _____
123. From the previous problem. Determine the probability that the silver coin is in 143. It has been estimated that about 30% of frozen chicken contain enough
the second purse. salmonella bacteria to cause illness if improperly cooked. A consumer
A. 1/9 B. 2/9 C. 4/9 D. 5/9 purchases 12 frozen chickens. What is the probability that the consumer will
_____ have at least 6 contaminated chickens?
124. A box contains 7 tickets, numbered from 1 to 7 inclusive. If 3 tickets are drawn A. 0.1178 B. 0.1718 C. 0.1781 D. 0.1871
from the box, one at a time, determine the probability that they are alternately _____
either odd, even, odd or even, odd, even. 144. A manufacturer has the following quality control check at the end of a
A. 1/7 B. 2/7 C. 3/7 D. 4/7 production line: If at least eight of ten randomly picked articles meet all
_____ specifications, the whole shipment is approved. If, in reality, 85% of a
125. The probability that A can be solve a given problem is 4/5, that B can solve it particular shipment meet all specifications, what is the probability that the
is 2/3, and that C can solve it is 3/7. If all three try, computer the probability shipment will make it through the control check?
that the problem will be solved. A. 0.280 B. 0.370 C. 0.820 D. 0.730
A. 92/105 B. 97/105 C. 101/105 D. 104/105 _____
_____ 145. A grocery store manager notes that 35% of customers who buy a particular
126. What is the probability of getting at least 1 one in 2 throws of a die? product make use of a store coupon to receive a discount. If seven people
A. 11/36 B. 13/36 C. 23/36 D. 26/36 purchase the product, what is the probability that fewer than four will use a
_____ coupon?
127. The probability of A's winning a game of chess against B is 1/3. What is the A. 0.60 B. 0.70 C. 0.80 D. 0.90
probability that A will win at least 1 of a total of 3 games? _____
A. 8/27 B. 11/27 C. 16/27 D. 19/27 146. An inspection procedure at a manufacturing plant involves picking three items
_____ at random and then accepting the whole lot if at least two of the three items
128. Find the probability that in tossing a fair coin three times, there will appear at are in perfect condition. If in reality 90% of the whole lot are perfect, what is
least 1 head. the probability that the lot will be accepted?
A. 7/8 B. 2/3 C. 5/8 D. 1/3 A. 0.581 B. 0.851 C. 0.729 D. 0.927
_____ _____
129. Find the probability that in a family of 4 children there will be at least 1 boy. 147. A box contains 5 red balls, 4 white balls, and 3 blue balls. A ball is selected at
Assume that the probability of a male birth is ½.. random from the box, its color is noted, and then the ball is replaced. Find the
A. 9/16 B. 11/16 C. 13/16 D. 15/16 probability that out of 6 balls selected in this manner, 3 are red, 2 are white,
_____ and 1 is blue.
130. Find the probability of getting a total of 7 at least once in three tosses of a pair A. 325/5184 B. 425/5184 C. 725/5184 D. 625/5184
of fair dice. _____
A. 91/126 B. 91/216 C. 95/126 D. 95/216 148. A fair is thrown 5 times. On any one throw, outcome 1 is that an even number
_____ appears, outcome 2 is that a 1 or 3 appears, and outcome 3 is that a 5 appears.
131. If the probability that the average freshman will not complete four years of Find the probability that in the 5 throws, outcome 1 occurs twice, outcome 2
college is 1/3, what is the probability p that of 4 freshmen at least 3 will occurs twice, and outcome 3 occurs once.
complete four years of college? A. 0.888143 B. 0.148838 C. 0.138848 D. 0.1888889
A. 8/27 B. 11/27 C. 16/27 D. 19/27 _____
_____ 149. If a fair die is to be tossed 12 times, the probability of getting 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6
132. The probability of getting exactly 2 heads in 6 tosses of a fair coin is points exactly twice each is
A. 11/64 B. 13/64 C. 15/64 D. 17/64 A. 0.00344 B. 0.00434 C. 0.00334 D. 0.00343
_____ _____
133. Find the probability that in five tosses of a fair die, a 3 will appear twice. 150. Based on past experience, the makeup of Dr. Stephens’ statistics for engineers
A. 625/3888 B. 265/3888 C. 345/3888 D. 435/3888 class has consisted of 20% civil engineers, 30% chemical engineers, 40%
_____ industrial engineers, and 10% electrical engineers. Given that these
134. Find the probability that in five tosses of a fair die, a 5 will appear at most once, probabilities still hold, what is the probability that her 2010 classes will
A. 1235/3888 B. 1325/3888 C. 2135/3888 D. 3125/3888 consist of 25 civil engineers, 30 chemical engineers, 40 industrial engineers,
_____ and 10 electrical engineers?
A. 0. 00047 B. 0.00074 C. 0.00036 D. 0.00063
_____
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Gillesania Engineering Review and Training Center - 2024 Probability
151. The probabilities that the light bulb of the projector used in Dr. Stephen’s probability that more than four road construction projects are currently taking
statistical engineering software course will last less than 40 hours, 40 to 80 place in the city.
hours, or more than 80 hours are 0.3, 0.5, and 0.2. Find the probability that A. 0.728 B. 0.782 C. 0.827 D. 0.872
among 8 such bulbs, 2 will last less than 40 hours, 5 will last between 40 and _____
80 hours, and 1 will last more than 80 hours. 168. Suppose the number of babies born during an 8-hour shift at a hospital's
A. 0.0459 B. 0.0594 C. 0.0549 D. 0.0945 maternity wing follows a Poisson distribution with a mean of 6 an hour. Find
_____ the probability that five babies are born during a particular 1-hour period in
152. A traffic engineer knows that at a certain intersection over a 24-hour period, this maternity wing.
no accidents occur within probability 0.25, one accident occurs with A. 0.1303 B. 0.1404 C. 0.1505 D. 0.1606
probability 0.60, and two or more accidents occur with probability of 0.15. _____
What is the probability that over ten 24-hour periods, no accidents occur 3 169. The university policy department must write, on average, five tickets per day
times, one accident occurs 6 times and two or more accidents occur once? to keep department revenues at budgeted levels. Suppose the number of
A. 0.01968 B. 0.25000 C. 0.01094 D. 0.09185 tickets written per day follows a Poisson distribution with a mean of 8.8 tickets
_____ per day. Find the probability that less than six tickets are written on a
153. A traffic engineer is studying accidents and finds that 15% are 1-car accidents, randomly selected day from this distribution.
65% are 2-car accidents, 15% are 3-car accidents, and 5% are 4-car accidents A. 0.1248 B. 0.1284 C. 0.1428 D. 0.1482
in the area he is studying. He randomly selects 10 accidents. Find the _____
probability that in the 10 selected, 2 are 1-car accidents, 5 are 2-car accidents, 170. A lathe machine in a mechanical shop breaks down an average of 4 times per
2 are 3 car accidents, and 1 is 4-car accidents. year. Using Poissons distribution, find the probability that at most 1
A. 0.0111 B. 0.0222 C. 0.0333 D. 0.0444 breakdown will occur each year.
_____ A. 0.1079 B. 0.1709 C. 0.1907 D. 0.1970
154. Items under inspection are subjected to two types of defects. About 70% of the _____
items in a large lot are defect-free, 20% have a type A defect, and 10% have a 171. Communications engineers have determined that lifetimes of Ace cell phones
type B defect. Six of the items are randomly selected. Find the probability that are normally distributed with a mean equal to 60 months and a standard
3 have no defects, 1 has a type A defect, and 2 have a type B defect. deviation equal to 5 months. What is the probability that a cellphone of this
A. 0.014 B. 0.023 C. 0.032 D. 0.041 type has lifetime less than 55 months?
_____ A. 0.29602 B. 0.84134 C. 0.34134 D. 0.15866
155. Suppose only 12% of men in ancient Greece were honest. What is the _____
probability that the first honest man he encounters will be no later than the 172. The amount of time that a teenager plays videogames in any given week is
fourth man he meets? normally distributed. If a teenager plays videogames an average of 15 hours
A. 0.3004 B. 0.4003 C. 0.5006 D. 0.6005 per week with a standard deviation of 3 hours, what is the probability of a
_____ teenager playing videogames between 9 and 21 hours?
156. A box contains 6 blue marbles and 4 red marbles. An experiment is performed A. 94.5% B. 95.4% C. 96.5% D. 97.9%
in which a marble is chosen at random and its color observed, but the marble _____
is not replaced. Find the probability that after 5 trials of the experiment, 3 blue 173. A trucking firm determines that its fleet of trucks averages a mean of 12.4 miles
marbles will have been chosen. per gallon with a standard deviation of 1.2 miles per gallon on cross-country
A. 5/21 B. 8/21 C. 10/21 D. 13/21 hauls. What is the probability that one of the trucks averages fewer than 10
_____ miles per gallon?
157. A janitor with a bunch of 9 keys is to open a door but only one key can open. A. 0.0228 B. 0.0339 C. 0.0446 D. 0.0552
What is the probability that he will succeed in 3 trials? _____
A. 0.375 B. 0.425 C. 0.333 D. 0.111 174. A factory dumps an average of 2.43 tons of pollutants into a river every week.
_____ If the standard deviation is 0.88 tons, what is the probability that in a week
158. Ten percent of the tools produced in a certain manufacturing process turn out more than 3 tons are dumped?
to be defective. Find the probability that in a sample of 10 tools chosen at A. 0.2578 B. 0.2875 C. 0.5287 D. 0.5827
random, exactly 2 will be defective, by using the Poisson distribution. _____
A. 0.1398 B. 0.1839 C. 0.3198 D. 0.3918 175. An electronic product takes an average of 3.4 hours to move through an
_____ assembly line. If the standard deviation is 0.5 hour, what is the probability that
159. If the probability that an individual will suffer a bad reaction from injection of an item will take between 3 and 4 hours?
a given serum is 0.001, determine the probability that out of 2000 individuals A. 0.37607 B. 0.67307 C. 0.70367 D. 0.77603
exactly 3 individuals will suffer a bad reaction. _____
A. 0.160 B. 0.170 C. 0.180 D. 0.190 176. The mean weight of 500 male students at a certain college is 151 lb and the
_____ standard deviation is 15 lb. Assuming that the weights are normally
160. From the previous problem, determine the probability that out of 2000 distributed, find how many students weigh between 120 and 155 lb
individuals more than 2 individuals will suffer a bad reaction. A. 280 B. 300 C. 320 D. 340
A. 0.232 B. 0.323 C. 0.454 D. 0.545 _____
_____ 177. The mean inside diameter of a sample of 200 washers produced by a machine
161. A manufacturer estimates that 0.25% of his output of a component are is 0.502 inches and the standard deviation is 0.005 inches. The purpose for
defective. The components are marketed in packets of 200. Using Poisson’s which these washers are intended allows a maximum tolerance in the
distribution, determine the probability of a packet containing only 2 defective diameter of 0.496 to 0.508 inches, otherwise the washers are considered
components. defective. Determine the percentage of defective washers produced by the
A. 0.578 B. 0.758 C. 0.0785 D. 0.0857 machine, assuming the diameters are normally distributed.
_____ A. 21% B. 23% C. 25% D. 28%
162. If 3% of the electric bulbs manufactured by a company are defective, find the _____
probability that in a sample of 100 bulbs, 4 bulbs will be defective. 178. A large batch of electric light bulbs has a mean time of failure of 2400 hours
A. 0.168 B. 0.178 C. 0.718 D. 0.816 and a standard deviation of 320 hours. If a random sample of 40 light bulbs is
_____ drawn from the batch, determine the probability that the mean time of failure
163. From the previous problem, find the probability that in a sample of 100 bulbs, will be less than 2300 hours.
more than 5 bulbs will be defective. A. 0.032 B. 0.015 C. 0.024 D. 0.047
A. 0.0398 B. 0.0839 C. 0.0893 D. 0.0983 _____
_____ 179. A large batch of electric light bulbs has a mean time of failure of 2400 hours
164. A manufacturer estimates that 1.5% of his output of a small item is defective. and the standard deviation of 60 hours for a batch of 4200 bulbs. How many
Find the probabilities that in a pack of 200 items, three or more are defective. light bulbs will likely last more than 2500 hours?
A. 0.224 B. 0.423 C. 0.1494 D. 0.577 A. 201 B. 256 C. 183 D. 154
_____ _____
165. The number of cars entering the tool plaza on a bridge during the hour after 180. In normal random distribution, it is found out that the mean is 80 and standard
midnight follows a Poisson distribution with a mean of 20. What is the deviation is 5, which of the following ranges in which 84% of the data lies?
probability that 17cars will pass through the toll plaza during that hour on any A. 60 - 80 B. 65 - 85 C. 70 - 90 D. 75 – 95
given night. _____
A. 6.7% B. 7.6% C. 8.9% D. 9.8% 181. What is the standard deviation of the normal distribution that approximates a
_____ binomial distribution consisting of 119 trials within probability of 0.70 of
166. The number of road construction projects that take place at any one time in a success?
certain city follows a Poisson distribution with a mean of 3. Find the A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6
probability that exactly five road construction projects are currently taking _____
place in this city. 182. Compute the standard deviation of the normal distribution that approximates
A. 0.100532 B. 0.100819 C. 0.200521 D. 0.200829 a binomial distribution. There are 60 trials with a probability of failure of 0.25.
_____ A. 2.45 B. 3.35 C. 4.25 D. 5.15
167. The number of road construction projects that take place at any one time in a _____
certain city follows a Poisson distribution with a mean of 7. Find the
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Gillesania Engineering Review and Training Center - 2024 Probability
183. Of the coral reef species on the Great Barrier Reef off Australia, 73% are and is found to be an engineering student, what is the probability that the
poisonous. If at mist boat taking divers to different points off the reef student is a man?
encounters an average of 25 coral reef species, what are the mean and A. 15/19 B. 3/10 C. 16/19 D. 4/13
standard deviation for he expected number of poisonous species seen? _____
A. μx = 6.75, σx = 4.93 C. μx = 18.25, σx = 4.93 199. At the Pine Valley Country Club, 32% of the members play golf and are female.
B. μx = 18.25, σx = 2.22 D. μx = 18.25, σx = 8.88 Also, 80% of the members play golf. If a member of the club is selected at
_____ random, find the probability that the member is female give that the member
184. A die is tossed 120 times. Find the probability that the face 4 will turn up 18 plays golf.
times or less, assuming the die is fair. A. 0.10 B. 0.20 C. 0.30 D. 0.40
A. 0.3557 B. 0.5337 C. 0.5773 D. 0.7553 _____
_____ 200. In a certain region of the country it is known from experience that the
185. A fair coin is tossed 500 times. Find the probability that the number of heads probability of selecting an adult over 40 years of age with a cancer is 0.02. If
will not differ from 250 by more than 10. the probability of a doctor correctly diagnosing a person with a cancer as
A. 0.2586 B. 0.5268 C. 0.6528 D. 0.8265 having the disease is 0.78 and the probability of incorrectly diagnosing a
_____ person without cancer as having the disease is 0.06, what is the probability
186. If 60% of the population support massive federal budget cuts, what is the that a person is diagnosed as having cancer?
probability that in a survey of 250 people at most 155 people support such A. 16.28% B. 7.44% C. 10.34% D. 22.88%
cuts? _____
A. 0.6711 B. 0.7611 C. 0.7822 D. 0.8722 201. A plant has three suppliers. S supplies 30% of the parts of the plant, S supplies
_____ 50% of the parts, and S₃ supplies the remaining 20%. One percent of the parts
187. Health official from DOH who have studied a particular virus say that 50% of supplied by S are defective, two percent of the parts supplied by S are
all the Filipino people have had the virus. If a random of 144 people is taken, defective, and three parts supplied by S₃ are defective. Given that the part was
what is the probability that fewer than 60 had the virus? defective, what is the probability that it came from supplier S₃?
A. 0.023 B. 0.032 C. 0.045 D. 0.054 A. 0.5263 B. 0.4737 C. 0.1579 D. 0.3158
_____ _____
188. Among 10,000 random digits, find the probability that the digits 3 appear at 202. A Ford has engines in three sizes. Of the Ford cars sold, 50% have the smallest
most 950 times. engine, 40% have the medium engine. Of the cars with the smallest engine,
A. 0.4467 B. 0.4647 C. 0.4746 D. 0.4764 15% fail an emissions test within two years of purchase. The failure figure for
_____ medium size engines is 10%, and the failure figure for the largest engines is
189. In 2017, about 1 in 43 births resulted in twins. If a barangay has 2150 births 5%. What is the probability that this Ford will fail the emissions test within
that year, find the probability that between 29 and 50 of them were twins. two years?
A. 0.4789 B. 0.4987 C. 0.7489 D. 0.7984 A. 0.12 B. 0.20 C. 0.18 D. 0.22
_____ _____
190. One thousand copper rods have the properties shown in the table. 203. If the probability of a spacecraft being struck by exactly one cosmic particle
Diameter during and Earth-Neptune roundtrip is identical to its probability of not being
Length Too thin OK Too thick struck at all, what is this probability?
Too short 10 5 5 A. 0.368 B. 0.135 C. 0.513 D. 0.638
_____
OK 40 902 7
204. On a university campus, 60%, 30%, and 10% of the computers use Windows,
Too long 4 20 7 Apple, and Linux operating systems, respectively. A new virus affects 3% of the
If the rod meets the length specifications, find the probability the rod meets Windows, 2% of the Apple, and 1% of the Linux operating systems. What is the
the diameter specifications. probability a computer on this campus has the virus?
A. 0.94 B. 0.95 C. 0.96 D. 0.97 A. 0.036 B. 0.025 C. 0.063 D. 0.052
_____ _____
191. From the previous problem. If the meets the diameter specifications, find the 205. A chemical supply company ships a chemical in 5-gallon drums. X represents
probability the rod meets the length specifications. the number of drums ordered by a randomly chosen customer. X has the
A. 0.94 B. 0.95 C. 0.96 D. 0.97 following distribution.
_____ X 1 2 3 4 5
192. On the East Coast, it is known from health records that the probability of P(X) .1 .1 .2 .2 .4
selecting an adult over 40 years of age with cancer is 0.05. The probability of Find the mathematical expectation of X.
diagnosing a person with cancer as having the disease is 0.78 and the A. 3.2 B. 3.5 C. 3.7 D. 3.9
probability of incorrectly diagnosing a person without cancer as having the _____
disease is 0.06. Find the probability that a person is diagnosed as having 206. The group of engineers decide to play the game of craps. A pair of dice is rolled
cancer. in this game and the sum to appear on the dice is of interest. What is the
A. 0.0390 B. 0.0570 C. 0.0960 D. 0.0620 mathematical expectation of the sum to appear when the dice are rolled?
_____ A. 5 B. 6 C. 7 D. 8
193. From the previous problem. Find the probability that a person diagnosed as _____
having cancer actually has the disease? 207. How many people would you expect to meet before you met one who was born
A. 0.59375 B. 0.40625 C. 0.3690 D. 0.2755 on a Wednesday?
_____ A. 6 B. 7 C. 10 D. 14
194. Suppose that, in a certain part of the world, any 50-year period the probability _____
of a major plague is .39, the probability of a major famine is .52, and the 208. The number of defective welds in a length of pipe 0 through 6 with the
probability of both a plague and a famine is .15. What is the probability of a following probabilities.
famine given that there is a plague?
A. .288 B. .385 C. .513 D. .760 X 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
_____
195. A process manufactures aluminum cans. The probability that a can has a flaw P(X) 0.60 0.30 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01
on the side is 0.02, the probability that it has a flaw on the top is 0.03, and the Find the expected value of the number of defective welds.
probability that it has a flaw on the top and the side is 0.01. What is the A. 0.52 B. 0.55 C. 0.59 D. 0.61
probability that a can will have flaw on its side, given that it has a flaw on the _____
top? 209. The probability that a relay remains open is 0.5. An electrical circuit consist of
A. 3/50 B. 1/25 C. 1/2 D. 1/3 three such relays. The number of relays that remain open in three are 0, 1, 2,
_____ or 3. The number of relays that remain open is represented by X. The number
196. A box contains black chips and red chips. A person draws two chips without of relays that remain open has the following values with the probabilities.
replacement. If the probability of selecting a black chip and a red chip is 15/56
and the probability of drawing a black chip on the first draw is 3/4, what is the X 0 1 2 3
probability of drawing a red chip on the second draw, if you know the first chip P(X) 0.125 0.375 0.375 0.125
drawn was black?
A. 3/14 B. 5/14 C. 9/14 D. 11/14 Find the expected value of the number of open relays.
_____ A. 1.00 B. 1.25 C. 1.50 D. 1.75
197. The probability that a student takes chemistry and is on the honor rolls is _____
0.042. The probability that a student is on the honor roll is 0.21. What is the 210. A game is played as follows. You pay $1 to play. A coin is flipped four times. If
probability that the student is taking chemistry, given that the student is on four tails or four heads are obtained, you get your 1$ back plus $5 more.
the honor roll? Otherwise you forfeit your $1. What it the mathematical expectation?
A. 0.10 B. 0.20 C. 0.30 D. 0.40 A. 0.25 B. 0.75 C. ‐0.25 D. 0.50
_____ _____
198. In a certain college, 5% of the men and 2% of the women took engineering. 211. An engineering company prepares an estimate for a job. The cost of preparing
Furthermore, 60% of the students are men. If a student is selected at random, the estimate is P10,000. The amount of profit over and above the P10,000 is
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Gillesania Engineering Review and Training Center - 2024 Probability
P25,000, if their estimate is accepted. The probability that their estimate will distributed among the packets at random (the number of packets available
be accepted is 0.70 and the probability that their estimate will not be accepted being infinite), what is the average minimum number of packets that must be
is 0.30. What is the expected profit? purchased in order to obtain a complete set of cards?
A. P 14,500 B. P 15,200 C. P 15,800 D. P 16,500 A. 236 B. 263 C. 326 D. 3
_____
212. Assuming that each packet of cigarettes from a certain manufacturer contains,
as a premium, one of a set of 52 playing cards, and that these cars are