Faculty of Engineering Technology
Department : Mathematics and Statistics
Programme : B. Tech. (All Branches)
Semester / Batch : 1 / 2022
Course Code : MTF101A
Course Title : Engineering Mathematics - 1
Tutorial – 15: Applications of ODE –
Orthogonal Trajectories and Mixture Problems
Sl No Questions
Find the orthogonal trajectories of the following curves
a. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑐𝑥 = 0
b. 𝑦 2 = 𝑐𝑥 3
c. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 𝑎2
d. 𝑦(1 − 𝑐𝑥) = 1 + 𝑐𝑥
e. 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 , 𝑎 is the parameter
f. 3𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥 3 − 𝑎3 , 𝑎 is the parameter
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g. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 2𝑐𝑥, 𝑐 is the parameter
h. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 2𝑐𝑥 + 𝑏 = 0, 𝑐 is the parameter
(𝑥−3)
i. 𝑦 2 = 6𝑎 , 𝑎 is the parameter
j. 𝑐𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1, 𝑐 is the parameter
k. 𝑦 2 = 4𝑎𝑥
l. 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥𝑦 2 = 𝑐
m. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 2𝜆𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, 𝜆 is the parameter
n. 𝑦 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 − 𝑥 2 = 𝑎
o. 𝑦 = 𝑐(sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥)
Determine the equation of the curve which intersect the hyperbola 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑐 at
2 𝜋
right angle 2 .
Determine the orthogonal trajectories of the family of circles through the origin
3 and the centres on the 𝑥 −axis.
𝑥2 𝑦2
Show that the family of curves + (𝑐+1) = 1 is self orthogonal.
4 𝑐
A water tank initially contains 150 L of seawater with a salt concentration of 4%.
5 Then, fresh water is pumped to the tank at the rate of 4 L/min, and the mixture
flows out at the rate of 6 L/min. Determine the concentration of salt in the tank
after 1 hour.
A 50 L tank contains air with the composition of 80% nitrogen and 20% oxygen.
0.2 L of nitrogen per second enters the tank and continuously mixes inside. Same
6 amount of the mixture per second leaves the tank. Determine the time required
to achieve a 90% nitrogen content in the tank.
A tank initially contains 100 gallons of pure water. Starting at 𝑡 = 0 , brine
containing 4 lb of salt per gallon flows into the tank at the rate of 5 gal/min. The
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mixture is kept uniform by stirring and the well stirred mixture flows out at the
slower rate of 3 gal/min. Determine
a. The amount of salt present in the tank at the end of 20 minutes
b. The time at which there is 50 lb of salt present in the tank
A large tank initially contains 200 gallons of brine in which 15 lb of salt is
dissolved. Starting at 𝑡 = 0, brine containing 4 lb of salt per gallons flows into the
8 tank at the rate of 3.5 gal/min. The mixture is kept uniform by stirring and the
well-stirred mixture leaves the tank at the rate of 4 gal/min. Determine
a. The amount of salt present in the tank at the end of one hour
b. The amount of salt present when the tank contains 50 gallons of brine.
