Examination Essentials
Regional blocks
These must include: landmarks, indications, contraindications, technique, LA dose and complications.
Epidural
Spinal
Brachial plexus (interscalene/supraclavicular/axillary)
Upper and lower limb (especially femoral and ankle blocks)
Lumbar/celiac plexus blocks
Anatomy
Respiratory tract
Cardiac + coronary arterial/venous supply
Vertebrae (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum)
Upper limb (brachial plexus, antecubital fossa)
Head and neck (Base of skull, including ‘holes’ and CN pathways, neck/laryngeal/pharyngeal anatomy, the orbit, Circle of Willis)
ANS
Ascending/descending motor/sensory tracts
Dermatomes
Drugs
Format of Structured Answers
Chemical/Classification
Presentation/Manufacture/Physicochemical properties
Uses
Action & mechanism/Duration of action
Onset/Offset of action
Doses/Routes of administration
Effects – CVS, Respiratory, CNS, Other
Side effects/ Toxicity/Contraindications/Interactions
Kinetics – Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion
Drugs you need to be able to talk about
Anaesthetics: Intravenous/Inhalational agents / Muscle relaxants (non-depol/depol) / Anticholinesterases / Local Anaesthetics / Anticholinergics
Intravenous fluids: Colloids / Crystalloids Analgesics: Opioid / Simple
CVS: Antiarrhythmics/Antihypertensives/Beta-blockers/Inotropes
CNS: Stimulants/Anti-epileptics
GI: Antiemetics / prokinetics
Other: Antidiabetics (Insulin/PO hypoglycaemics) / Diuretics / Anticoagulants / Antibiotics
Drugs you need to be able to draw
Propofol
Thiopentone
Inhalational anaesthetic agents
Local anaesthetics basic structure
Acetylcholine + suxamethonium
Anticholinesterases basic structure
Catecholamine synthesis pathway
Diagrams Pain pathway + gate control theory
CVS Cerebral blood flow/Cerebral perfusion pressure
Iso-shunt graphs
Valsava manoeuvre Physics
Action Potential: Cardiac Muscle fast-response & Pacemaker slow- Nitric oxide isotherms
response cell Vacuum insulated evaporator
Cardiac cycle Vaporisers including desflurane
Starling’s law Defibrillator circuit
Jugular venous pressure waveform Electrical symbols
Pulmonary artery catheterisation waveforms Wheatstone Bridge circuit
OxyHb/DeoxyHb wavelength absorptions
Respiratory Mapleson breathing circuits
Fowler’s Method for anatomical dead space
Compliance curves Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics
Oxygen cascade Bioavailability
Alveolar wall-cross section Agonists/partial agonists/antagonists
West zones
Oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve Other
Lung volumes Renal: Nephron/Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Starling’s forces
CNS Body water distribution
Action potential Meyer-Overton hypothesis
Spinal cord: Transverse section
Definitions
Potency/efficacy/affinity
Volume of distribution
Mass/force/momentum
Pressure + units
Electrical units e.g. Ampere/Joule/Coulomb etc
Resonance/damping
Humidity/SVP
Osmolarity/osmolality
pH/H+/mole
Critical/pseudocritical temperature
Critical pressure
Filling Ratio
