Western Cape Education Department

Directorate: Curriculum FET

English Home Language

REVISION BOOKLET
TERM 1

Grade 11

This revision program is designed to assist you in revising the critical

content and skills envisaged/ planned to be covered during the 1 st
term. The purpose is to prepare you to understand the key concepts
and to provide you with an opportunity to establish the required
standard and the application of the knowledge necessary to succeed in
the NCS examination.

The revision program covers the following topics:

Preparation for Paper 1 – Summary, Advertising, Cartoon Study and
Editing
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Question 2: SUMMARY
By following the instructions carefully, this question could earn you full marks.
● Avoid lifting by copying complete sentences from the text.

● Try to rephrase points in your own words.

● Re-read the instructions and make sure that the final summary makes sense to
someone who has not read the original text.

Instructions:
The text highlights the fact that people-pleasing is a threat to achieving success. Summarise
in your own words how an individual can attain success without being a people-pleaser.
NOTE: Your summary should include SEVEN points and NOT exceed 90 words.
You must write a fluent paragraph.

Hint - Read the text using a pencil/pen and underline the main points AND number them.
You are looking for at least 7 points answering the above question.

PEOPLE-PLEASING: A THREAT TO SUCCESS

There is a fine line between being kind and being a pushover. When you are too kind,
you make your way through life by placating. This makes you vulnerable to being dismissed
by others. People-pleasing occurs when you consistently change your position because you
fear your natural thoughts will not be well received. But, instead of pleasing others to gain
approval, simply expect to be treated with respect.
Your need of approval eventually drains other people and you need to keep in mind
that there is no path to success through coat-tailing other people. The real path to success
can come only through your belief in yourself. In essence, the only way to get what you want
in life, is to say what you want and go after it. With this in mind, you must remember that
success is the ultimate prize for trusting your own abilities, which you garner through risk-
taking and not people-pleasing. In the long run, if you cannot function without feeling
wrecked, upset, or anxious, there will be no path to your success. People are not going help
you up the ladder of success by feeling sorry for you. Hence you need to learn to grow from
feedback rather to shrink from it.
Furthermore, research shows that pleasing people creates dishonesty by default and
people-pleasers have a habit of asking permission in situations where needing permission is
not required. No one can really know you, your ideas or your value if you are a mere pleaser
of other people. Successful individuals aren't 'fit-in' people: they are confident enough in
themselves and they do not fear to be brutally honest when necessary. Ultimately, the
quickest way to overcome the uncertainty of trying to 'fit in' is to commit to what you believe in
and to speak out.
Brutal honesty does not imply that you need to start every sentence with 'I'm sorry'.
You don't need to apologise for your existence and you need to be bold enough to make
mistakes.
Why use pleasing to look perfect to others? When you are doing this, you are being a
fake. The greatest irony with people-pleasing is that it always produces results opposite to
those which are intended. [Adapted from
www.huffingtonpost.com]
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Planning: The following main points should be included in the planning of the summary.
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NO. QUOTATIONS POINTS

1 “Instead of pleasing others, simply You deserve to be treated with respect: expect
expect to be treated with respect.” it.

2 “They are confident enough in Self-assurance leads to success.

themselves.”

3 “The only way to get what you want in Verbalise your goals and commit yourself to
life, is to say what you want and go after achieving them.
it.”

4 “Trusting your own abilities, which you Risk-taking allows you to build confidence in
garner through risk-taking.” your own abilities.

5 “Learn to grow from feedback rather Understand that constructive criticism

than to shrink from it.” promotes growth.

6 “They do not fear to be brutally honest Absolute honesty is beneficial.

when necessary.”

7 “To commit to what you believe in and Do not fear to express your beliefs and
to speak out.” thoughts.

8 “You don't need to apologise for your Be unapologetic about your actions.
existence.”

9 “You need to be bold enough to make Be courageous enough to accept that you will
mistakes.” make mistakes.

NOTE: the summary expected is a paragraph – do not waste time by including a point form
planning summary.
PARAGRAPH-FORM
NOTE: What follows is merely an example. It is not prescriptive and must be used very
carefully.
Also note the linking words connecting the various ideas, viz. because, furthermore, however,
moreover, lastly, but, also, … learn some of these conjunctions … and use them.

You deserve to be treated with respect. Because self-confidence leads to success, it is

imperative to verbalise your goals and commit yourself to them. Furthermore, risk-taking
allows you to build confidence in your own abilities. However, understand that constructive
criticism promotes growth. Moreover, successful people are self-assured and they know that
absolute honesty is beneficial. They also never fear to express their beliefs and they are unapologetic
about their actions. Lastly, it is imperative to be courageous enough to accept that human beings are
not flawless. (86 words)
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PRACTICE
SECTION B: SUMMARY
QUESTION 2: SUMMARISING IN YOUR OWN WORDS

Carefully read TEXT C below.

NOTE: You are required to do the following:
● Summarise the main ideas of the passage below.

● Your summary should include SEVEN points and NOT exceed 90 words.

● You must write your summary in ONE fluent paragraph.

● You are NOT required to include a title for the summary.

● Indicate your word count at the end of the summary.

TEXT C
We live in a televised age of fast-moving images, a time when people struggle to concentrate. So it's a
miracle that children still read.

There is a special 'power' in books. There is the recognition that between the covers lies a world that
we may reach through the process called 'reading'. There's also the fact that the classics – classical
literature originating from any culture – will always continue, because they speak to the human
condition, to our inner beings.

But these factors are not enough to ensure a miracle. In our advanced technological age, where
children play make-believe games over which they have complete control, books have been forced to
compete, which is why there has been such a phenomenal rise in the genre of fantasy fiction. This is
partly due to a need for an increasingly more imaginative space. As our daily media feed us dumbed-
down content, the imagination has grown slow.

And this is where books fill the void with ever more fantastical content. Fantasy offers an alternative
world. An example of this, of course, is the Harry Potter series of novels that has ensured that adults,
teens and children are, once again, enthusiastic readers.

Together with this interest in fantasy has come a renewed interest in graphic fiction (comic books), as
well as a requirement for illustrations in children's longer fiction. There is also a demand for books
linked to movies or television series. In an age of instant pleasure, we want as much of a good thing
as we can get, in any form we can get it.

There is another trend too: shorter, high-interest, low-reading level fiction. This is in part due to a
growth in English second-language readership and a demand for multilingual literature, so we're
seeing editions brought out in all 11 official South African languages.

Interestingly, since the mid-1990s, more than 80% of local young children's fiction has featured black
children as the central characters, mirroring the political and social shifts in South Africa. There
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seems to be a growing interest in local content, and there are loads of local authors to choose from.
Long may this renewed interest in reading continue!
[Adapted from: Beyond Potter, Loren Anthony] [10]
Question 3: Advertisements
Purpose:

● An advertisement provides information about a product, such as a television, or a

service, such as banking, or getting our support and creating awareness about an
issue, such as save the rhino.
● Manufacturers or businesses want to make money from selling as many products as
possible.
● Service providers want to make money from attracting as many clients as possible.

● They often use advertising companies to design and create adverts to attract potential
buyers or clients and customers.
● The purpose of an advert is therefore to attract potential buyers or clients and to
convince them to buy that particular brand or to support a cause.

Target market/audience:

● A specific group of people who would most probably be interested in buying a

particular product.

Catch phrase:

● The first words in the advert that attract the viewer. The letters of the catchphrase may
be bigger than all the other letters.

Slogan:

● A short, forceful/hard-hitting phrase that normally appears next to or underneath the

product name. As time passes, a slogan becomes so much part of a successful
product that people automatically identify the slogan with the product name.

● McDonalds – “I'm Lovin' It”

● KFC – “Finger Lickin' Good”
● Subway – “Eat Fresh”
● Kit Kat – “Have a Break, Have a Kit Kat”
● Rice Krispies – “Snap! Crackle! Pop!”
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● Red Bull – “It Gives You Wiiiings!”

● Maybelline – “Maybe She’s Born With It, Maybe It’s Maybelline”
● De Beers – “A Diamond is Forever”
● Nike – “Just Do It”

Logo:
A sign or symbol that identifies a company or a brand. A logo is a name, mark, or symbol
that represents an idea, organization, publication, or product. Typically, logos (such as the
Nike "swoosh" and Apple Inc.'s apple with a bite missing) are uniquely designed for easy
recognition.

AIDA Principle:

Most advertisements are created according to the AIDA principle.

A: Attention. The advertiser must attract the viewer’s attention. He wants consumers
to read his advert and pay attention to the product he wants them to buy. Big letters,
interesting questions, visuals are used to attract people’s attention.

I: Interest. The advert must hold the viewer’s interest and must create and sustain the
viewer’s interest. Interest is kept by appealing to the target market for that particular
product – choice of visuals, diction used must appeal to the target market.

D: Desire. The advertiser must play on the viewer’s desires or what the viewer wants.
For example, the advertiser may urge the viewer to “Buy one, get one free”, playing on
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the viewer’s desire to get a good bargain. The advertiser also convinces people that
they need the product, as opposed to simply just wanting it.

A: Action. The advertiser wants to be sure that the consumer will go out
and buy the product that has been advertised. Expressions such as ‘limited
offer’ or ‘special’ or free give-aways, usually make people take action.
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QUESTION 3: ANALYSING ADVERTISING
Study the advertisements (TEXTS D and E) below and answer the set questions.

TEXT D

[Source: www.nike.com]

The text in small font reads as follows:

The Nike Sweet Classic High is comfortable while still remaining in style. With great quality and a wide
variety of colour options, these sneakers are perfect for casual use. Stay fly, stay fresh and get
yourself a pair.

QUESTIONS: TEXT D
3.1 Explain how the words in the headline reinforces the advertiser’s message. (2)
It implies that if the person wearing them is busy and active, then the shoes
will be effective. The advertiser’s message is that you and the shoe need to
work together to derive the maximum benefit from it.
[Award 2 marks for any two relevant and distinct points.]
3.2 How does the image reinforce the message of the text? (2)
The shoes are positioned casually. They look strong / comfortable / trendy
which reinforces the idea of comfort and trendiness in the text, as well as the
idea that the shoes are meant for casual use.
3.3 Comment on the effectiveness of the diction used in the text below the image. (3)
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TEXT E

[Source: www.adsoftheworld.com]
QUESTION: TEXT E
3.4 In your opinion, does the visual support the advertiser’s message? (3)
Yes. The image of a balloon animal on barbed wire supports the idea that nature is
fragile and defenceless against the greed and harmful actions of humans, which is
effective as it seems that the balloon could pop at any moment. Humans have made the
world unsafe. It is also effective as the contrast between a seemingly cheerful balloon
animal perched on barbed wire is particularly shocking.
AND/OR
No. The image is childish and seems too cheerful to have any real impact on the reader,
as a balloon animal is associated with children’s parties and fun.
[Award 3 marks for any two ideas well discussed OR any three distinct ideas.]
[Accept mixed responses.]
[10]

Now practice on your own

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The text on the apple reads: 100% pure fruit. No added sugar. Lightly
PRACTICE
sparkling. Preservative free. Low GI.
QUESTION 3: ADVERTISING
The text at the bottom
Study Textleft-hand side answer
D below and reads: The
the ultimate
questionsreward of the day.
that follow.
Appletiser is 100% pure sparkling fruit juice, which means you can enjoy
complete guilt-free indulgence with anTEXT
exquisite
D taste, anywhere, any time.
The text at the bottom right-hand side reads: Appletiser. Deliciously good for me.
 13

3.1 Describe the target market of this advertisement. 1

3.2 Comment on the use of the words “100% Pure Fruit. No added sugar. Preservative
free. Low GI”. What are they appealing to in the consumer?
3
3.3 Explain how the visual aspects of the advertisement contribute towards the appeal
of the product. 2

3.4.1 Quote two examples of emotive language from the body copy. 2

3.4.2 What is the intended impact of these examples of emotive language in the body
copy on the reader? 2
[10]

Question 4: Answering the cartoon

Cartoons can be more than just light-hearted fun; they often reflect social trends or highlight
serious issues. A clever cartoon can have more impact than a whole article on the same
subject as it can succinctly capture the essence of the issue.

A cartoon is a single drawing, or a series of drawings, that comments on current events or

social issues. Its topics are human activities and behaviour, public figures, politics, fashion,
sport, relationships, etc.
TERM EXPLANATION

Comic strip A sequence of drawings telling a humorous or adventurous story – found

in newspapers, etc.

Frame Each separate picture in a comic strip is called a frame.

punchline The final phrase or sentence of a cartoon, providing the humour. The
different frames usually build up to the punch line in the last frame.

Font It refers to the size and type of letters used. Larger or bold letters are
used for emphasis.

Movement lines Movement is indicated by means of vertical, curved and diagonal lines.
Speedy action is indicated by streaky lines, or by the action going out of
the frame.

Punctuation Clever use is made of punctuation to create meaning.

Speech bubbles Speech bubbles are used to indicate the words spoken by the character.
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Thought bubbles Thought bubbles show what the character is thinking.

Visual clues Some parts of the drawing which may be used to help the reader
establish what the cartoon is about.

Irony When one thing is said, but something else is meant.

Stereotype An exaggerated preconceived generalisation about the typical

behaviour, attitudes, dress, etc. of various types of people.

Satire Uses humour to make a serious point. It involves using wit, irony or
sarcasm to highlight human vices or follies.

Anti-climax this is when tension is created and we expect something important or

exciting to happen, but instead, the ending is very ordinary or a let-
down.

● Body language means the way in which a character is drawn to show what his or her
feelings are.

● Facial expression shows the feelings of the character.

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● Caricature: features or actions of a person are exaggerated to help the reader work out
who is being represented or what aspect of the person’s character is being emphasised.

Visual metaphor: in a metaphor two things are compared. In a visual metaphor, a picture
stands for or represents something else

In this example Nelson Mandela is being compared to Superman.

Example: frame punchline

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stereotype movement lines

QUESTIONS:
CALVIN AND HOBBES

4.1 What does the Calvin's (the boy) facial expression/bodylanguage in FRAME 1 reveal about 2
his attitude?

Calvin’s screwed up eyes and hands on his hips ✔clearly indicate that he is
annoyed/angry/irritated✔.

4.2 In FRAME 2, the cartoonist uses a technique that is different from those used in the other 2
frames. Discuss the effectiveness of this technique.

The lack of a frame enclosing Frame 2 ✔ is effective as it creates the impression that
Calvin is addressing the entire nation as a politician would✔.

4.3 Comment on how the last frame conveys the cartoonist's message. 3

The cartoonist is satirising society, especially politicians, and how their actions are
motivated by greed and self-interest✔. The previous frames give the impression that
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Calvin’s feelings about not being allowed to vote are prompted by his concern for his
country and its citizens✔. However, it is clear in the last frame that Calvin’s concerns are
motivated by self-interest and greed, rather than by his selflessness/concern for
humanity✔.

CALVIN AND HOBBES

4.4 Discuss how humour is created in this cartoon. 3

Calvin’s suggestion that he and Hobbes both dress up as the ‘scariest thing’ they can
think of is ironic✔. He cannot think of anything more scary than toxic waste as he
thinks of his companion as being a harmless furry friend ✔. However, he does not
realise that tigers are in fact fearsome, dangerous predators ✔, as is illustrated by
his companion revealing its true nature in the last frame.

[10]

PRACTICE
QUESTION 4: OTHER ASPECTS OF THE MEDIA
Read the texts E, F and G below and answer the questions that follow.

TEXT E

4.1 Explain why the father says he was only “partially” successful in his quest to get his
son to fly a kite outside. 2
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TEXT F

4.2 What is being satirised in the above cartoon? 1

4.3 Comment on the way in which the words of the woman and the visual representation
of the couple contribute to the satirical message of this cartoon. 3
TEXT G

4.4 Mention two visual details of the cartoon that support Snoopy’s words in frames
1-3. 2
4.5 Explain how irony is used to create humour in the above cartoon. 2
[10]
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QUESTION 5: EDITING
Read the text below (which contains some deliberate errors) and answer the questions that
follow.

Nando's wins royal seal of peri-peri approval from Prince William

1 Britains’ future king‚ Prince William‚ is a fan of South African chicken restaurant
chain Nando’s‚ he revealed on Tuesday.
2 The prince told Robbie Brozin‚ who founded Nando’s with Fernando Duarte 31
years ago‚ that he had been introduced to the chain by one of his detectives‚ MailOnline
reported.
3 Pointing to his police protection officer at a Commonwealth Heads of
Government event in London‚ William said: “This man here is your biggest fan‚ he’s
introduced me to Nando’s. It's very good. He should buy a steak in Nando’s.”
4 Brozin said he was not surprised the 36-year-old prince had sampled Nando’s
food. “I was certain they would have tried it because they’re so accessible‚ they’re
people’s people‚ which is so nice‚” he was reported as saying.
5 “The beauty of Prince Harry and Prince William is that they’re really accessible
and they are guys that go out a lot — I’m very happy that they’ve tried it.”
6 The prince met Brozin at the Next Generation Impact Entrepreneurs Forum‚ a
joint session of the Commonwealth Youth and Business Forums.
7 Brozin said he was there “to share with the young Commonwealth
entrepreneurs about the oppurtunities that are available and how to reach out”.
8 Asked about the secret of his success‚ he echoed the motto etched into the wall at
Nando’s headquarters in central Johannesburg: “The people that work for us and the
product obviously‚ it’s the people that make the chicken.”
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5.1 Identify and correct the apostrophe error in paragraph 1. Write only the
correct answer. 1

5.2 Identify the function of the commas in the below sentence:

Britain’s future king‚ Prince William‚ is a fan. 1

5.3 Identify the main clause in the below sentence:

The prince told Robbie Brozin‚ who founded Nando’s with Fernando Duarte 31 years
ago‚ that he had been introduced to the chain by one of his detectives. 1

5.4 A word has been confused with its homophone is paragraph 3. Write only the correct
form of the word. 1

5.5 Provide a more formal English word for “guys” (paragraph 5). 1

5.6 The comma in the below sentence has been used incorrectly. Rewrite the sentence
using a more appropriate punctuation mark.
This man here is your biggest fan‚ he’s introduced me to Nando’s. 1

5.7 Rewrite the below sentence in indirect speech:

Pointing to his police protection officer‚ William said: “This man here is your biggest
fan.” 1

5.8 Correct the spelling error in paragraph 7. 1

5.9 Give the adverb form of “success” (paragraph 8). 1

5.10 Rewrite the below sentence in the passive voice:

The prince met Brozin at the Next Generation Impact Entrepreneurs Forum‚ a joint
session of the Commonwealth Youth and Business Forums. 1
[10]

TOTAL SECTION C: 30

GRAND TOTAL: 70