CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

The computerization of the banking/financial sector of the

economy has really helped to eliminate the manual operation of the

sector including the innovation of paperless activities.

Following this, is the introduction of development of the ATM

(Automated teller Machine) which had the most laudable effect in

the sector? However, the ATM has really terminated most of the

stressful work in the banking sector like queuing to check account

balance, delay in cash withdrawing and cash transfer, etc.

The ATM gained acceptance due to its Mechanism like

dispensing Mechanism (to provide cash on often items of value),

deposit mechanism including cheques processing module and batch

not acceptor (to allow the customer to make deposits), security

sensor and locks (to ensure controlled access to the contents of the

vault).

In this work, we examined our overview of the ATM and its record

printer.

The emergency of the ATM brought about the transformation in

the banking sector giving rise to inter-banking services. However,

the ATMs inability to generate a hard copy of the operations carried

out it has been a concern over the years. In a bid develop a receipt

generating system for the ATM to enhance its user-friendliness and

1
flexibility, this study was carried out at some of the major banks

within Yola Metropolis.

1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Notwithstanding the effective and excellent performance of ATM, its

inability to solve the problems of users adequately before and after

usage has posed a challenge to users. Base on the research we

conducted with some of banks, we asked the customers, about

some of the problems they encounter, and they were kind enough to

give us some of the problems listed below.

Some of the problems are:-

1. Debit but not paid

2. Inadequate manpower

3. Insufficient fund

4. Poor Network coverage.

5. Inability to work 24hours

1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The objective of this study which is the automated teller

machine of a transactions receipt generating system for an ATM is

as follows:-

1. Design and restructure the ATM in a way that it will not only

give softcopy of the transaction rather be capable of

3
 generating a hardcopy of the business transactions carried

out on it.

2. Enhance the user’s with the machine since the machine

gives him/her a valid update of the account detail each time

he/her uses the machine

1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of this study which bothers on automated teller

machine.

- Payment, or cash withdrawal.

- Change of pin.

- Balance inquiring

- Cash transfer

- Recharging of mobile phones

However, other companies may maintain different sources of receipt

or teller, but this study, concentrates only on payment and

withdrawal receipt system for fidelity bank plc, Jimeta Yola

Adamawa state.

1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The development of a system for an ATM to enhance the

user’s/customer’s knowledge of his/her account details (a complete

up to date statement of account) since the system produces a

4
receipt for the transactions he/she made. This also eliminates

conflicts over statement of account between the customer and the

bank’s operators and also helped transformed our economy from its

cash driven nature to a more electronic way of cash conveyance and

withdrawal.

1.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

This section discloses restriction of the study that cannot be

exceeded after implementing this study. The study is limited to

activities that is concern with automated transaction system of a

banking sector.

5
 CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

INTRODUCTION

2.1. HISTORY OF ATM

The first mechanical cash dispenser was developed and built by

Luther George Simjian and installed in 1939 in new York City by the

City Bank of New York, but removal after six (6) Months due to the

lack of customer acceptance. Orjir J. (1996)

Therefore, the history of ATMS pursed for over 25 years, until De La

Rue developed the first electronic ATM, which was installed first in

fulfilled town in North London, United Kingdom on 27 June 1967 by

Barclays Bank. Lederman E. (1990)

This instance of the invention is credited to John Shepard Barron,

although various other engineers were awarded patents for related

technologies at the time John Shepard Baron was awarded an OBE.

In the 2005 New Year’s Honors List: The First person to use the

machine was the British Variety artist and actor Red Varney. The

first ATMs accepted only a single use token or voucher which was

retained by the machine. Prager R. (2001)

This worked on various principle including radiation and low-

Coercively Magnetism that was wiped by the card reader to make

6
fraud move difficult. The machine dispensed pre-packed envelopes

containing ten pounds sterling. The idea of a PIN (personal

Identification number) stored on the card was developed by the

British Engineer James Good fellow in 1965.

However, Donald Wetzel a departmental head at an automated

baggage- handling company called docutel, Networked and

pioneered the ATM in Dallas, Texas in 1968. Then in 1995, the

Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History recognized

docutel and Wetzel as the inventors of the Networking ATM.

ATMs first come into wide UK use in 1973; the IBM 2984 was

designed at the request of Lloyd’s banks. Humphery D. (1991)

The 2984 CIT (cash Insuring Terminal) was the first cash point is

still in function to today’s machine; cash point is still a registered

trademark of Lloyds TSB in the UK. All were on line and issued a

variable amount. A small number of 2984s were supplied to a US

bank. Notable Historical model of ATMs includes the IBM 3624 and

473x Series, die bold 10xx and TABs 9000 series and NCR 5xxx

series. JOHN P. (2001)

ATMs are placed not only near or inside the premises of banks but

also in locations such as shopping centers/smalls, airports, grays

stores, petrol/gas stations, restaurants, schools in any places large

7
numbers of people may gather. There are two types of ATM

installation. On and off promise. Salop S. (1990)

On premise ATMs are typically move advanced multifunction

machines that complement an actual bank branches capacities and

thus more expensive off premise machines are deployed by

financial institutions and also (independents sales organizations)

where there is usually just a straight need for cash, so they

typically are the cheaper mono function devices.

Many ATMs have a sign above them indicating the name of the bank

or organization owing the ATM and possible including the list of ATM

networks to which that machine is connected to this type of sign is

called a topper. Luther Klein (2004).

FINANCIAL NETWORKS

Most ATMs are connected to Inter-bank networks, enabling people

to withdraw and deposit money from machines not belonging to the

bank where they have their account or in the country where their

accounts are held (enabling cash withdrawals in the Local Currency).

Some examples of inter-bank networks include PULSE, PLUS,

CIRRUS, Integral and LINK ATMs rely on other authorizing institution

via the communications network. This is often performed through an

ISO 8583 messaging system. MC Adrews, James (1991)

8
Many banks charges ATM usage fees. In some cases these fees are

changed solely to users who are not customer of the bank were the

ATMs are installed. In other cases, they apply to all users. Thomsom

Bolton D (1996)

ATM typically connect directly to their ATM Controller via either a

dial-up modern over a telephone line or directly via a leased line.

Leased lines are preferable to POTS lines because the required less

time to establish a connection. Lease lines may be comparatively

expensive to operate versus a POTS line, meaning less-trafficked

machines will usually rely on dial-up modern. Orjir J (1996)

That dilemma may be solved as high speed internet VPH

connection become more ubiquitous. Common lower-level layer

communication protocols used by ATMs to communication back to

the bank include SHA over SDLC. TC500 over syne, X.25 and Tcp/Ip

over ether net.

The use of ATM machine in Nigeria by banks to enhance

transaction started in early 2002. Although, it took a lot of

orientation of the customers before the ATM could gain wide

acceptance. Today people still see the ATM as an avenue for bank to

exploit them. Tony Gunton (1988)

2.2. ATM
9
 ATM is an acronym for automated teller machine, it is a

computerized telecommunication device that provides the customers

of a financial institution with access to financial transaction in a

public space without the need for a human clerk or bank teller. On

most modern ATMs, the customers is identified by inserting a

plastic ATM card with a magnetic strip or a plastic smartcard with a

chip, that contains a unique card number and some security

information such as an expiration date. Security information such is

provided by the customer entering a personal identification number

(PIN). Akin B.S. (2004).

Using an ATM, customers can access their bank account in order to

make cash withdrawn (or credit card cash advances) and check their

account balance as well as purchasing mobile cell phones prepaid

credit.

ATM are known by various other names including automated

banking machine, money machine, bank machine, cash machine,

hole-in the wall, cash point, bank comet (in various countries in

Europe and Russia), multibank (after a registered trade mark, in

Portugal). And any time money (in India). Luther K. (2004)

2.3. COMPONENTS OF ATM

10
 An ATM is typically made up of the following component

Battery back-up.

Card reader

Communications

GPIO

LCD Display Control

Machine Control.

Motion detectors

Power supply

Real-time clock

Rs-232

RS-485

Secure Micro Controller

Temperature Sensors

USB

Video

Warranty

Watchdog time. Akin Bowale S. (2004)

An ATM is typically made up of the following devices;

 CPU (to control user interface and transaction device)

11
  Magnetic and (or chip card reader (to identify the

customer.

 PIN pad (similar in layout to a secure enclosure

 Secure crypto processor, general written a secure

enclosure.

 Display (used by the customer for performing the

transaction).

 Function key buttons (usually close to the display) or a

touch screen (used to select various aspect if the

transaction record printer (to provide the customer with a

record of their transaction).

 Vault (to store the parts of the machinery requiring

restricted access).

 Housing (for aesthetics and to attach signage to). Tony

Gunton (1988).

Recently, due to heavier computing demands and the falling price of

computer like architectures using microcontrollers and/or

application-specific integrated circuits to adopting a hardware

architecture that is very similar to a personal computer – many

ATMs are now able to use operating systems such as Microsoft

window and limit. Although it is undoubtedly cheaper to use

12
commercial off the shelf hardware, it does make ATMs vulnerable to

the same sort of problems exhibited by conventional computers.

Prager R. (2001)

2.4 FUNCTIONS OF ATM

Although ATMs were originally developed as just cash

dispensers, they have evolved to include many other bank related

functions. In some countries, especially those which benefit from a

fully integrated cross-bank ATM network (e.g. Multibank in

Portugal), ATMs include many functions which are not directly

related to the management of one’s own bank account such as:

o Deposit currency recognition, acceptance and recycling.

o Paying routine bills, fees and taxes (utilities, phone bills,

social security, legal fees, taxes etc).

o Printing bank statements

o Updating passbooks

o Loading monetary value into stored value cards

o Purchasing postage stamps.

o Lottery tickets

o Train ticket

o Concept ticket

13
 o Shopping small gift certificates

o Games and promotional features

o Donating to charities

o Cheque processing module

o Adding prepaid cell phone credit.

Increasing banks are seeking to use the ATM as a sales devices to

deliver pre-approved loans and targeted advertising using product

such as ITM (Intelligent Teller Machine)

From CRz or Aptra Relate from NCR. ATMs can also act as an

advertising channel for companies to advertise their own products or

third party products and services. Orjir J. (1996)

14
 CHAPTER THREE

METHODOLOGY

3.1. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research is an objective, systematic controlled and critical

activity planned and directed toward discovery and development of

dependable knowledge. It is primarily concerned with the

investigation of the present or existing system, its mode of

operation and working procedure. It also contain information on how

data was collected; it defines how the objectives of the study will be

accomplished and how problems encountered will be solved.

Research methodology is a set or series of methods and procedures

used for data collection of the study and the statistical techniques

used for the analysis. It is basically a fact finding exercise.

3.2. METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION

There exist various methods of gathering facts about a

situation. This includes interview, questionnaire, record inspection

and observation. Each of these methods has advantages and

disadvantages. For the purpose of this study, the following facts

finding methods are employed for data collection:-

15
OBSERVATION: Observation method provides first-hand

information about the system. It involves systematically watching

the operations, procedures and personnel of the organization over a

Period of time and recording things as they happen.

We employed this method as we observed banking activities in the

deposit and withdrawal section of the bank (Fidelity Bank Plc Yola).

INVESTIGATION: - the researchers were able to carry out this

method by reading newspaper, magazines journals and annual

report annual with related information about the bank. The

researchers also visit the banks website, other sites with related

information to the bank and libraries in search of already written

text, journals or software diagnosis to serve as a guide to the study.

INTERVIEW: - As part of the procedures for gathering data, series

of interview were conducted on the ATM Operators and users of the

machine at random, it involves conversation, discussing system

characteristics with respondents carefully selected for their

knowledge of the system. Interview method is more advantages

because it can quickly uncover misunderstanding, false

expectations, or even potential resistance to applications under

development. Below are some of the question that were asked

during the interviewing of some of the customers.

16
 1. What are the problems you encounter while using ATM.

2. As an ATM operator/user what do you think is the major

problem of ATMs.

3. What do think make the ATM to gain general acceptance by the

customers.

4. What are the difficulties you encounter while making

transactions.

5. What makes you afraid of using ATMs for making transactions?

3.3. SOURCES OF DATA

Two major sources of data involved in this study they include

the internal and external sources of data.

INPUT, PROCESS AND OUTPUT ANALYSIS

INPUT ANALYSIS

The input to the ATM is a plastic card called the ATM card which

contains the customer’s account number and gives him access to his

account. When the customer inserts the ATM card, the machine

prompts him for his pin number. If the PIN is correct, the machine

displays options like withdrawal, inquiry, change PIN etc. when the

user select withdrawal, the machine displays other options to select

the types of account.

17
PROCESS ANALYSIS

After the customer has selected the necessary option, the

machine processes the data by checking the bank’s database for the

account number and the amount payable from the account.

OUTPUT ANALYSIS

After the machine completes the processing, it dispenses the

money through it dispenser.

JUSTIFICATION FOR THE NEW SYSTEM

After studying the system and the problem encountered by

customers when using it a justification for the design of a system

was made as a justification for the design of a system was made as

listed below.

1. The existing system has failed to meet the need of the

growing population in the society which called for the

designed a new system.

2. There is need to design a system which will help make

cash transaction error-free, reliable and flexible.

3. It is justified that a system to develop which will be

capable of generating of general receipts for business

transactions performed on it.

18
3.4. PROGRAMMING LANHUAGES USED

The Microsoft visual Basic 6.0 is the programming language

used for the design. The problem to be solved requires large volume

if file and enormous base for the file accessing, updating, storage

and retrieval and since VB can handle these look with ease, it held

the most attraction for the design moreover, visual basics is an

object oriented programming language (OOP) and an event driven

language and it provides the features needed for this design.

3.5. INPUT SPECIFICATION

All activities, procedure and specification the prepare data into

a useable form for processing make-up the input design. Here, the

ATM card is first inserted into the machine, the PIN is entered

through the keyboard, and the special character buttons, are used

to select options like WITHDRAWAL, INQUIRY, CHANG PIN,

RECHARGE AND TRANSFER on the key in user’s password and to

specify the amount of money to withdraw.

19
 Below is an overview of the input design.

Pleases Enter your pin

PRESS CANCEL TO TERMINATE TRANSACTION

PROCEED>

ENTER PIN >XXXX

CANCEL

In the pin is correct it displays the next page for customer to select

transaction, if not it displays invalid pin.

SELECT YOUR TRANSACTION

WITHDRAWAL INQUIRIES

TRANSFER CHANGE PIN

RECHARD CANCEL

If withdrawal is selected is it asked for the account type?

SELECT ACCOUNT TYPE

SAVINGS

CURRRENT

CANCEL
20
 Sub withdrawal form.

PLAESES ENTER AMONUT

#1000 #10000

#2000 #20000

#3000 #30000

OTHERS CANCEL

Once an amount is selected, if there is enough money it pay the

customer or rollback the transaction by displaying insufficient fund.

Sub inquiry form

ENTER ACCOUNT NUMBER

XXXXXXXXXX

CANCEL

Select account type

SAVINGS

CURRENT

CANCEL

If the account number and account type is current it displays the

statement of account or rollback transaction.

21
 Sub change pin

Sub change pin

Enter current pin xxxxx

Enter new pin xxxxx

Confirm new pin xxxxx

Proceed cancel

If the current pin you enter is correct it takes in your new pin and

change the pin.

Sub recharging of mobile phone

Select network

MTN GLO

AITEL ETISLAT

CANCEL

Once you select the network it gives you the option to enter your

phone no.

ENTER PNONE NO

081636234577

22
 Enter amount to recharge

#100 #200

#400 #500

#1000 #3000

Others cancel

Once you enter the amount your account will be credited

automatically.

3.6. OUTPUT SECIFICATION

Often the most important feature of an information system for

users is the output it produces. The term output refers to any

information produced by a system whether printed on paper,

displayed on the screen or produced as audio sound.

The output of the project is shown in the form of report as printed at

the below with regards to data entered as input.

PENTIUM (IV) AND ABOVE

PROCESSOR SPEED: [Link] and above

SYSTEM MEMORY 512 megabyte and above

HAND DISK 20gigabyte and above.

3.7. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT

23
 For the system to be functional standard commercial off the

shelf operating system and programming environments can be used

inside the ATM. Typical platforms used in ATM development include

Rmx, OS/2. And Microsoft operate systems (such as Ms-Dos, and

window NT, Windows 2000, widow XP Professional or Window XP

professional or window XP embedded). Java, Linux and UNIX may

also be used in these environments.

WOSA/XFS, now known as CEN XFS provides a common API

(Application Programming Interface) for accessing and manipulating

the various devices of an ATM.

24
 CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 IMPLEMENTATION

Here, the network of processes (design) is transformed into a

sequential machine that is executable by a conventional machine.

This is done to cause the ATM to work as an expert system using

instruction given to it.

4.1. PROGRAM DESIGN

Before a computer program is coded into the computer. It

should be designed on paper and organized in a logical order. When

the design is completed, a test is performed to see if the system is

flexible and if it will produce the desired result. On completion of

the program once it run below is the output of the program.

Welcome page

25
 Login page

Transaction selection

26
Sub Withdrawal form

Sub Inquiries form

Sub Transfer form

27
Recharge phones (sub network selection)

Sub change pin

28
4.3 INSTALLATION AND TESTING

Software testing is a critical element of software quality

assurance based on the fact that software is a system element and

the cost of software failure is enormous. The program developed is

installed on a PC (personal Computer) and tested. During the

testing, wrong data were inputted in the ATM and the ATM rejected

them, this shows the ability of the new system, a complete

transaction was performed and the system working perfectly.

4.4. DOCUMENTATION

29
 Documentation is a dear and elaborates specifications of details

considered in a work written down using appropriate documents.

The program is designed in Microsoft visual Basic 6.0. To access the

program design open the CD copy the folder “Link bank” to the hard

disk, double click to open, locate the Icon “project 1” and click to

open. When it opens, click on the run icon to run the program.

30
 CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1 SUMMARY

The aim of this project is to develop an automated transaction

system which will enhance the operation of the ATM in order to

be more flexible and user friendly. By the design of this new

system, the aim was achieved as the new system was able to

generate a receipt after business transaction was successfully

performed on it.

5.2. CONLUSION

In conclusion, it is necessary that a printer which generates a

receipt of every transaction performed on it be built into every

ATM used in the financial institution.

5.3 RECOMMENDATION

I recommend that organization that are yet to implement the

transaction receipt generating system should do so because of its

advantage over the ATMs without the Printers it creates a more

friendly environment for transaction operations of the ATM.

Finally, awareness should be made among user of ATM to educate

them on the need to be conversant between customers and bank

operators.
31
In addition, ATM manufacturers should incorporate the printer on

the newer ATMs the manufacture.

32
 REFERENCES
Akin Bowale. S. (2004); Introduction to winner mixdorf, ATM
Products (Unpublished material) corpareti printing publishers
Lagos
ATM & Debit News (2001) EFT Data Book 2002 Edition, 1, 44,
September, Chicago:
ATM Pricing,” Review of Economics and Statistics, forthcoming.

Balto, D. and J. Mc Andrews (1998) “Joint Venture Payment

Networks and Public Policy,”
Bank of Philadelphia Business Review, (May/June).
Current Issues in Economics and Finance, 4: 1-6.
Cyrnak, T. and J. Mc Andrews (1999) “Results of a Conference on
ATM Network Routing Rules,” mimeo, Federal Reserve Bank of
New York.
Donze, J. and I. Dubec (2002) “The Role of Interchange Fees in
Shared ATM Networks,” mimeo, University of Toulouse.
Economides, N. and S. Salop (1992). “Competition and Integration
among Complements, and Network Market Structure,” Journal
of Industrial Economics, 40: 105-130.
Gilbert, R. (1991) “On the Delegation of Pricing Authority in Shared
Automatic Teller.
Hannan, T. (2002) “Retail Fees of Depository Institutions, 1997-
2001,” Federal Reserve Bulletin, September: 405-413.
Hannan, T., E. Kiser, R. Prager and J. McAndrews (2003) “To
Surcharge or Not to Surcharge: An Empirical Investigation of
ATM Pricing,” Review of Economics and Statistics, forthcoming.

33
Horvitz, P. (1988) “ATM Surcharges: Their Effect on Competition and
Efficiency,” Journal of Retail Banking Services, 18: 57-62.
Humphrey, D. (1993) “Delivering Deposit Services: ATMs Versus
Branches,” mimeo, Florida State University.
Laffont, J., P. Rey, and J. Tirole (1998) “Network Competition:
Overview and Nondiscriminatory Pricing,” RAND Journal of
Economics, 29: 1-37.
Lederman, E. (1990) “The Public Policy Implications of State Laws
Pertaining to Automated Teller Machines,” Federal Reserve
Bank of San Francisco Economic Review, 1: 43-58.
Luther Klein (2004) Automated Teller Machine
Machine Networks,” In M. Guerrin-Calvert and S. Wildman (eds.),
Electronic Services Networks: A Business and Public Policy
Callenge. New York: Praeger Publishing.
Mc Andrews, James (1991) “The Evolution of Shared ATM
Networks,” Federal Reserve.
Massoud, M. and D. Bernhardt (2001) “Endogenous ATM
Concentration,” mimeo, University of Alberta.
Massoud, M. and D. Bernhardt (2002) “‘Rip-Off’ ATM Surcharges,”
RAND Journal of Economics, 33: 96-115.
Matutes, C. and A. J. Padilla (1994) “Shared ATM Networks and
Banking Competition,” European Economic Review, 38: 1113-
38.
Okoh sc (2004); Software methology, principle and practice
Orji. J (1996); Business Research Methology, Enugu Meteston
publicity Co. (revised edition) pg. 325
Tony Gunton (1988, A Dictionary of IT and Computer science,
Blackwell oxford.
34
 APPENDIXS

Imports [Link]
Imports [Link]
' Form Load
Public Class Form1
Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As [Link], ByVal e
As [Link]) Handles [Link]
CurrentRow = 0
[Link]()
Dad = New OleDbDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM empinfo
ORDER BY Id", Con)
[Link](Dst, "employee")
ShowData(CurrentRow)
[Link]()

End Sub
' To display data on form
Private Sub ShowData(ByVal CurrentRow)
Try
[Link] = [Link]("employee").Rows(CurrentRow)("Id")
[Link] = [Link]("employee").Rows(CurrentRow)
("FName")
[Link] = [Link]("employee").Rows(CurrentRow)
("LName")
[Link] =
[Link]("employee").Rows(CurrentRow)("account_type")
[Link] = [Link]("employee").Rows(CurrentRow)
("balance")
[Link] = ""
Catch ex As Exception
End Try
End Sub

' To Navigate to Last Record

35
 'To select the data in Id field
Private Sub Id_GotFocus(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As
[Link]) Handles [Link]
[Link]()
End Sub
' To clear all fields : Id, First Name, Last Name, Designation,
Salary
Private Sub Clear()
[Link] = ""
[Link] = ""
[Link] = ""
[Link] = ""
[Link] = ""
End Sub
' To search a record in database
Private Sub Search_Click(ByVal sender As [Link], ByVal
e As [Link]) Handles [Link]

Dim SearchId As Integer

Dim i, j As Integer
If CheckId() = False Then
MsgBox("Please inter your pin!!!")
Exit Sub
End If

If [Link] = "1234" Then

MsgBox("Please inter Your PIN")
Else
Try
SearchId = [Link]
j = [Link]("employee").[Link] - 1
i=0
While i <> j + 1
If SearchId = [Link]("employee").Rows(i)("Id")
Then
ShowData(i)
[Link] = True
[Link] = True

accouunt_type.[Link] = [Link]

36
 Exit While
ElseIf i = j Then
Clear()
MsgBox("INvalid PIN")
ShowData(CurrentRow)
Exit While
End If
i += 1
End While
CurrentRow = i
Catch ex As Exception
MsgBox([Link])
End Try
End If

End Sub

' To select the data in First Name Field

Private Sub FName_GotFocus(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As
[Link]) Handles [Link]
[Link]()
End Sub
' To select the data in Last Name Field
Private Sub LName_GotFocus(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As
[Link]) Handles [Link]
[Link]()
End Sub
' To select the data in Designation Field
Private Sub Designation_GotFocus(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal
e As [Link]) Handles [Link]
[Link]()
End Sub
' To select the data in Salary Field
Private Sub Salary_GotFocus(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As
[Link]) Handles [Link]
[Link]()
End Sub

' To check the data in Id field : whether numeric or not

Private Function CheckId()
37
 Try
If IsNumeric([Link]) = False Then
ShowData(CurrentRow)
[Link]()
Return False
End If
Catch ex As Exception
End Try
Return True
End Function
' To check the data in salary field : whether numeric or not
Private Function CheckSalary()
Try
If IsNumeric([Link]) = False Then
ShowData(CurrentRow)
[Link]()
Return False
End If
Catch ex As Exception
End Try
Return True
End Function
' To check the data in First Name Field : whether a string or not
Private Function CheckFName()
Try
If [Link] = "" Or ValidateString([Link]) = False
Then
ShowData(CurrentRow)
[Link]()
Return False
End If
Catch ex As Exception
End Try
Return True
End Function
' To check the data in Last Name Field : whether a string or not
Private Function CheckLName()
Try
If [Link] = "" Or ValidateString([Link]) = False
Then
ShowData(CurrentRow)
38
 [Link]()
Return False
End If
Catch ex As Exception
End Try
Return True
End Function
' To check the data in Designation Field : whether a string or not
Private Function CheckDesignation()
Try
If [Link] = "" Or ValidateString([Link])
= False Then
ShowData(CurrentRow)
[Link]()
Return False
End If
Catch ex As Exception
End Try
Return True
End Function
' To check the string for numeric values
Private Function ValidateString(ByVal Str)
Dim i As Integer
Dim ch As Char
i=0
While i < [Link]()
ch = [Link](i)
If IsNumeric(ch) = True Then
Return False
End If
i += 1
End While
Return True
End Function

' To check whether Id exist in database

Private Function IsIdExist()
Dim Str, Str1 As String
Dim i As Integer
Str = [Link]
i=0
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 While i <> [Link]("employee").[Link]
Str1 = [Link]("employee").Rows(i)("Id")
If Str = Str1 Then
Return True
End If
i += 1
End While
Return False
End Function

Private Sub btnCancel_Click(ByVal sender As [Link],

ByVal e As [Link]) Handles [Link]
[Link]()
End Sub

Private Sub Timer1_Tick(ByVal sender As [Link], ByVal e

As [Link]) Handles [Link]
please_wait.Show()
End Sub

Private Sub Timer2_Tick(ByVal sender As [Link], ByVal e

As [Link]) Handles [Link]
please_wait.Hide()
accouunt_type.Show()
[Link] = False
[Link] = False
End Sub
End Class

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