ONLINE EXAM: PARASITOLOGY PART 1
Total points 98/104
LEMAR REVIEW HUB
Email *
kayriemarayag29@gmail.com
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Key *
01-111522
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Surname, First Name *
Marayag, Kazzandra Marie R.
School *
Emilio Aguinaldo College - Manila
LRH Section *
Section A
Section B
Section C1
Section C2
Section D
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The motile, reproducing, feeding stage of the protozoans is which of the *2/2
following?
Cyst
Trophozoite
Ova (egg)
Adult worm
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Which of the following organs of the body is most often involved in *2/2
extraintestinal amoebiasis?
Lungs
Kidneys
Pancreas
Liver
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Amoeba that inhibit the gastrointestinal tract of man are non-motile, non- *2/2
feeding, and infective during which stage?
Pseudopod
Cyst
Trophozoite
Cryptozoite
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Which of these trophozoites, when acting as a pathogen, is likely to *2/2
ingest red blood cells of the host?
Entamoeba coli
Entamoeba hartmanni
Entamoeba histolytica
Endolimax nana
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The point of differentiation between Entamoeba histolytica and *2/2
Entamoeba hartmanni is:
Presence of peripheral chromatin
Presence of chromatoid bodies
Only one possesses a cyst form
Size
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Failure to find bacteria in purulent spinal fluid should alert one to the *2/2
possibility of an infection with:
Viruses
Amoeba
Flagellates
Worms
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Which of the following would have a double-walled, wrinkled cyst form? * 2/2
Naegleria fowleri
Entamoeba hartmanni
Acanthamoeba castellanii
Dientamoeba fragilis
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A cyst that possesses a single nucleus and a large glycogen vacuole that *2/2
stains deeply with iodine belong to:
Endolimax nana
Iodamoeba butschlii
Dientamoeba fragilis
Entamoeba coli
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Amoeba inhabiting the central nervous system enter the body through *2/2
the:
Mouth
Nasal mucosa
Urine
Joint fluid
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In which specimen are Acanthamoeba and Naegleria usually found? * 2/2
Blood
Cerebrospinal fluid
Urine
Joint fluid
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Which of the following are often mistaken for cysts of amoeba? * 0/2
Blastocystis hominis
Calcium carbonate crystals
Ammonium magnesium phosphate crystal
Epithelial cells
Correct answer
Blastocystis hominis
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Which of the following is pathognomonic for Giardia lamblia and the *2/2
stage it is found in?
Spiral groove/trophozoite
Undulating membrane/cyst
Cytostome/trophozoite
Ventral sucking disk/trophozoite
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Which of the following protozoa have an undulating membrane? * 2/2
Trichomonas
Trypanosoma
Chilomastix
Trichomonas and Trypanosoma
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A pear-shaped flagellate with jerky motility that is found in a urine *2/2
specimen is identified as:
Trichomonas hominis
Trichomonas vaginalis
Escherichia coli
Leptospira
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Eighty (80) percent of the trophozoites of Dientamoeba fragilis have: * 2/2
2 nuclei
3 nuclei
1 nuclei
1 nuclei
No nuclei
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The only bilaterally symmetrical protozoan is: * 2/2
Trichomonas
Dientamoeba
Giardia
Balantidium
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Which of the following is the vector of African sleeping sickness? * 2/2
Reduviid bug (Triatoma)
Sandfly (Phlebtomus)
Tsetse fly (Glossina)
Ticks
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How is Trypanosma cruzi transmitted? * 2/2
Inhalation
Bite of the tsetse fly
Bite of the reduviid bug
Sexual contact
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In the laboratory diagnosis of Leishmania donovani, which is the *2/2
preferred specimen in which to find Leishman-Donovan bodies?
Bone marrow
Blood
Vaginal secretions
Cerebrospinal fluid
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Which of the following is the only ciliate that is pathogenic in humans? * 2/2
Babesia
Isospora
Balantidium coli
Entamoeba coli
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Structure used for motility of Balantidium coli: * 2/2
Flagella
Cilia
Pseudopodia
Undulating membrane
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Which nucleus of the trophozoite of Balantidium coli is the reproductive *0/2
one?
Micronucleus
Macronucleus
Both of these
None of these
Correct answer
Micronucleus
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Which of the malarial organisms presents as pale, very AMOEBOID RING *2/2
TROPHOZOITE, infecting a large pale red blood cell with dot of
hemoglobin?
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium malariae
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium vivax
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Which of the malarial organism preferentially invades reticulocytes? * 2/2
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium malariae
Plasmodium vivax
All of the above
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The malarial organism whose schizont resembles a “fruit pie” in which *2/2
the merozoites form a rosette around the malarial pigment is:
Plasmodium malariae
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium falciparum
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Which malarial organism characteristically has a BAND FORM *2/2
trophozoite stretching across the red blood cell?
Plasmodium malariae
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium falciparum
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Which malarial organism features ring trophozoites that have double *2/2
chromatin dots, applique forms, and often have multiple parasites in the
infected red blood cells?
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium malariae
Plasmodium ovale
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Which malarial organism has large, coarse, red dots within a large, pale *2/2
red blood cell with fimbriated edges?
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium malariae
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The sexual reproduction cycle in Plasmodium and coccidian is referred to *2/2
as:
Sporogony
Schizogony
Sporocyst
None of the above
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What is the infective stage of malarial parasite to the vector? * 2/2
Cryptozoites
Trophozoites
Gametocyte
Ookinete
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What is the infective stage of malarial parasite to humans? * 2/2
Gametocytes
Cryptozoites
Schizonts
Sporozoites
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In which type of malaria is there synchronized rupture of the red blood *2/2
cells every 72 hours?
P. falciparum
P. ovale
P. vivax
P . malariae
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Which hemoglobin is incompatible with malaria parasite survival? * 2/2
Hb CC
Hb F
Hb SS
Hb A
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What is the name of the laboratory test that allows laboratory-bred *2/2
reduviid bugs to feed on patients suspected of having Chagas’ disease?
Complement fixation
Serodiagnosis
Xenodiagnosis
Western blot
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What is both the definitive and intermediate host of Toxoplasma gondii? * 2/2
Dog
Cow
Cow
Cat
Chicken
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What constitutes a positive result in the Sabin-Feldman dye test? * 2/2
Toxoplasma becomes nonmotile
Toxoplasma can no longer be demonstrated as an intracellular organism
Toxoplasma loses its affinity for methylene blue dye
The mouse into which the immune serum is injected does not die from
toxoplasmosis
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Which of the following tests is used for the detection of *2/2
Cryptosporidium?
Sabin-Feldman dye test
G-6-PD test
Xenodiagnosis
Sheather’s sugar flotation
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Direct examination of stool specimens stained with iodine make the *2/2
trophozoite of the protozoa stain what color?
Yellow
Yellow
Brown
Trophozoites are destroyed by iodine
Do not stain
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The modified acid-fast stain is most often used in parasitology to identify: * 2/2
Protozoan cysts and trophozoites
Helminth eggs
Plasmodium
Cryptosporidium and other coccidia
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Microsporidial infections can be confirmed using: * 2/2
Light microscopy and modified trichrome stains
Phase contrast microscopy and routine trichrome stains
Electron microscopy and modified acid-fast stains
Fluorescence microscopy and hematoxylin stains
Feedback
An infection with microsporidia can be confirmed using modified trichrome stains (10X the
normal dye content found in routine trichrome stains) and light microscopy. The internal
polar tubule will be visible within some of the spores; this will serve as confirmation of the
infection.
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What morphological characteristic differentiates trichomonads from *2/2
other intestinal flagellates?
Sucking disc
Undulating membrane
Cytostome
Axonemes
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Shown to be related to GAY BOWEL SYNDROME: * 2/2
Giardia lamblia
Entamoeba histolytica
Balantidium coli
Isospora belli
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Important risk factors for Giardiasis include: poor hygiene, poor sanitation, overcrowding,
immunodeficiency, bacterial and fungal overgrowth in the small intestine, and homosexual
practices. Giardiasis has been shown to be related to the “GAY BOWEL SYNDROME.”
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Which of the following is the most important feature in differentiating *2/2
cysts of Entamoeba histolytica from E. dispar?
Number of nuclei
Size of the cyst
Shape of the karyosome
Distinguishing surface antigens by immunologic assays
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E. histolytica and E. dispar cannot be morphologically differentiated. The cyst stage of
both organisms has four nuclei with a centrally located karyosome. E. histolytica is a well
recognized intestinal parasite, whereas E. dispar is considered nonpathogenic.
Immunologic assays to detect antigens or molecular biology assays are necessary to
differentiate these two species.
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Which of the following is the preferred anticoagulant for preparing blood *2/2
smears for diagnosing malaria?
EDTA
Heparin
Sodium citrate
Sodium fluoride
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Collection of blood by finger stick is preferred for preparing blood smears for the detection
of malaria. When a venipuncture is performed, the preferred anticoagulant for malarial
blood smears is EDTA. Heparin can be used, but it may cause distortion of some parasite
forms.
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A free-living ameba that causes primary amebic meningoencephalitis is: * 2/2
Dientamoebafragilis
Entamoeba coli
Entamoeba histolytica
Naegleria fowleri
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Naegleria fowleri is found in freshwater ponds and lakes, especially those with disturbed
or suspended soil. It has caused a number of cases of meningoencephalitis in people who
have swum in these bodies of water. Essentially, all these infections have been fulminating
and fatal, and they are often not diagnosed until autopsy.
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Which of the following is the best technique to identify Dientamoeba *2/2
fragilis in stool?
Formalin concentrate
Trichrome-stained smear
Modified acid-fast–stained smear
Giemsa stain
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Because there is no known cyst form, the best technique to recover and identify D. fragilis
trophozoites would be the trichrome-stained smear.
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A Gram stain from a gum lesion showed what appeared to be amoebae. *2/2
A trichrome smear showed amoebae with a single nucleus and partially
digested PMNs. The correct identification is:
Trichomonas tenax
Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar
Entamoeba polecki
Entamoeba gingivalis
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E. gingivalis is known to be an inhabitant of the mouth and is characterized by morphology
that resembles Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar. However, E. gingivalis tends to ingest
PMNs, whereas Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar do not.
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In an outbreak of diarrheal disease traced to a municipal water supply, the *2/2
most likely causative agent is:
Cryptosporidium spp.
Cystoisospora belli
Entamoeba histolytica
Dientamoeba fragilis
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Cryptosporidium oocysts have been transmitted through contaminated municipal water
supplies. Such outbreaks have been well documented.
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Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale are similar because they: * 2/2
Exhibit Schüffner’s dots and have a true relapse in the life cycle
Have no malarial pigment and multiple rings
Have true stippling, do not have a relapse stage, and infect old red cells
Commonly have appliqué forms in the red cells
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Both P. vivax and P. ovale infect young red cells, have true stippling (Schüffner’s dots),
contain malarial pigment, and have a true relapse stage in the life cycle.
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Early ring stages of the fifth human malaria, Plasmodium knowlesi, *0/2
resemble those of:
Plasmodium malariae
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium vivax
Correct answer
Plasmodium falciparum
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The early ring stages of Plasmodium knowlesi resemble those of P. falciparum.
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Older developing stages (trophs, schizonts) of the fifth human malaria, *2/2
Plasmodium knowlesi, resemble those of:
Plasmodium malariae
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium vivax
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The older developmental stages of Plasmodium knowlesi (trophs, schizonts) resemble
those seen in infections with P. malariae (band forms, rosette schizonts).
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Autofluorescence requires no stain and is recommended for the *2/2
identification of:
Entamoeba histolytica cysts
Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites
Dientamoeba fragilis trophozoites
Cyclospora cayetanensis oocysts
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Autofluorescence requires no stain and is often recommended for confirmation of
C l t i t
Cyclospora cayetanensis oocysts.
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