#CREATIVE PRINTERS NOTES

PRIMARY THREE

MATHEMATICS

TERM I-III
0703745068/0785681207

1
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 PRIMARY THREE MATHS LESSON NOTES TERM I
SET CONCEPTS
What is a set?
 A set is a collection of well-defined objects.
 Things found in a set are called members or elements.
Example of sets.

a) A set of the first five letters of alphabet. b). A set of 2 trees.

Exercise 1a;
Draw and name the following sets;
1. A set of 4 girls. 2) A set of 5 chairs. 3) A set of 3 stars. 4) A set of 2 huts.

TYPES OF SETS.
1. Equal sets 2). Non-equal sets 3). Equivalent sets 4) Non – equivalent sets
5). Empty sets 6). Intersecting sets 7). Union set.

EQUAL or IDENTICAL SETS (“ =”)

 Equal sets are sets which have exactly the same type of members.
Example;
1. Set A = { c , u , t } and B = { t , u , c }
Set A is equal to set B.
A = B
NON- EQUAL SETS (≠)
 Non –equal sets which have different number of members of different kind.
Example;
Set B={e, t, o} and set D= {b, y}
Set B is not equal to D.
BD
Exercise 1b;
Write equal or not equal.

1. Set P={1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and set Q ={3, 5, 2, 1, 4}. Set P is _______to set Q.

2. D={a, i,o,u} and set E={e, f, g}. Set D is ______ to set E.
3. Set S= and set T = Set S is ___ to set T
klmn Mnlk

4. R={ , , } and set O ={ , }Set R is _____ to

set O.
2
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 MATCHING OR EQUIVALENT SETS  “ 

 Equivalent sets are sets with the same number of members but may be of different
kind.
 All equal sets are equivalent but not all equivalent sets are equal sets.
EXAMPLE
P = { a , e , i , o , u } and Q = { 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5 }.
Set P has 5 elements and set Q has 5 elements.
Set P is equivalent to set Q.
P  Q
NON- EQUIVALENT SETS

 Non – equivalent sets do not have the same number of members.

S = { c , o , w } and T={ w,s}
Set S has 3 members and set T has 2 members.
S is not equivalent to set T
S T

Exercise 1c;
Write Equivalent or not equivalent.

1. Set E={ a, b, c, d, } and set F ={2, 4, 6, 8}. Set E has __elements. Set F has __ members.
Set E is _____ to set F.
2. Set M ={p, q, r, s,t} and set N ={u, v, w, x} .Set M has ___members. Set N has __
members. Set M is _____ to set N.
3. A= and set B= Pm n o Set A has __elements.Set B
klmno
has _elements. Set A is ___ to set B.

EMPTY or NULL SET “  Or, { }”

 An empty set is a set without members.

 Another name for empty set is a null set.
Examples
a) Set K = {Pupils in p 3 with 10 legs}
Set K =  or { }.

b) Set R = {Our teachers with less than 3 years of age}

R =  or { }.

NUMBER OF ELEMENTS IN A GIVEN SET e.g n(P).

Examples ;
1. If K={a,b,c,d}.Find n(K) 2. Given that set R = Pm n
K={a,b,c,d} How many members are in set R ?
n(K)=4 R={ p, m, n,}
3
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 There are 3 elements in set R. or n(R)=3
Exercise 1e;

1. If set P={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7}.Find n(P)

2. Given that D={ a, e, I ,o, u}. How many elements are in set D?
3. Set Y={h, m, j, h, r, i}.Find n(Y).
4. If set W={e, f, g, h}. What is n(W)?
5.

INTERSECTING SETS “ ”

 Intersecting sets are sets with common members or elements.

Example:-
1. Set F = { e , a , r , } and set G = { l , e , a , n }

Common members ={e , a }

 So set F and set G is intersection sets.
F  G= {e, a}

 Common members are written only once.

Example 2.
Set A = { d , i , g }and set B = { d , o n , e }

AB ={d }

Exercise 1f;

1. If set A={1, 2, 3, 4, ,5} and set B={2, 4, 6, 8}. Find AB.

2. Given that P={a, e, I, o, u} and Q={a, b, c, d}.What is PQ ?
3. Set W={ o, p q, r, s} and set R={m, n, o, p}.List down all the elements of set WR.
4. M={b, o, y, s} and N={c, a, m, b, s}List down all the elements of set MN.

4
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
Finding the number of elements in intersection sets.

Example 1
M = { a , b , c , d , e } and N = { a , e , i , o ,u }. Find n (M  N)

M  N = {a, e}

n (M  N)=2
Example 2
Set A = { d , i , g }and set B = { d , o n , e }.How many members are in set AB

AB ={d }
There is one member in set AB.
OR n(AB)= 1.

Exercise 1g;

1. If set A={1, 2, 3, 4, ,5} and set B={2, 4, 6, 8}. Find n(AB).

2. Given that P={a, e, I, o, u} and Q={a, b, c, d}.What is n( PQ) ?
3. Set W={ o, p q, r, s} and set R={m, n, o, p}.How many elements are in WR?.
4. M={b, o, y, s} and N={c, a, m, b, s}How many elements are in MN?.
5.

UNION SET “ ”

A Union set is a set with two or more sets put together.

 In a union set a member is written once.

Example;1
Given that W = {1, 2,3} and set Z = { x, y, z }. Find WZ
Set W Union set Z = { 1,2,3,x,y,z }
W  Z ={ 1,2,3,x,y,z }
Example;2

Set F={c,a,r,e,s} and G={c,o,n,e,s}. List down all the elements of set FG

FG={c ,e ,a, r ,s ,o ,n}

5
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 Exercise 1 h

1. If set D={1, 2, 3, 4, ,5} and set C={2, 4, 6, 8}. Find (DC).

2. Given that P={a, e, I, o, u} and Q={a, b, c, d}.What is ( PQ) ?
3. Set S={ o, p q, r, s} and set T={m, n, o, p}.List down all the elements of set (ST)
4. M={b, o, y, s} and N={c, a, m, b, s}List down all the elements of set (MN).
5.

Finding the number of elements in a Union set.

Example;
Set F={c,a,r,e,s} and G={c,o,n,e,s}. Find n(FG)

FG={c ,e ,a, r ,s ,o ,n}

n(FG)=7.
Exercise 1i

1. If set D={1, 2, 3, 4, ,5} and set C={2, 4, 6, 8}. Find n (DC).

2. Given that P={a, e, I, o, u} and Q={a, b, c, d}.What is n ( PQ) ?
3. Set W={ o, p q, r, s} and set R={m, n, o, p}.How many elements are in WR?
4. M={b, o, y, s} and N={c, a, m, b, s}How many members are in MN?.
5.

Revision
Name the following set symbols;

1. = ; ______________________________________
2. ;_______________________________________
3. ;_______________________________________
4.  ;_______________________________________
5.  ; Is a member of or an element of
6. ;_______________________________________
7. Is not a member of 
8. Number of members in set P n(P)

6
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 Shading regions on a Venn diagram

Using Venn diagrams to solve set problems.

Example 1 :-
Study the Venn diagram below and answer the questions that follow;
A B
a a) List down all the elements of set A.
e set A={a, b, c, d}
b c d f b) List the members of set B.
Set B = {d, e, f}
c) Find; i) A  B. ii) A  B.
A  B = {d} A  B = {a, b, c, d, e, f}
Example 2.
Study the Venn diagram below and use it to answer the questions that follow;
J K a) Find n(J)
Set J={0, 1,2, 3, 4}
n(J)=5
1 0 5 b) How many members are in set K?
2 4 6 Set K={0,4,5,6}
3 There are 4 elements in set K.
OR; n(K) =4
c) n(JK). d) List down all the elements in set J  K.
JK ={0,4} J  K={0,1,2,3,4,5,6}.
n (JK) =2
Exercise 1J
Study the Venn diagram below and answer the questions that follow;
a) List down all the elements of set P.
b) Find PUQ
c) How many members are in set PQ
d) What is n(Q)?

7
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 FILLING IN VENN DIAGRAMS
Example 1:-
Given that Set A = { a , e , i , o , u } and set B = { a , b , c , d , }
a) Fill in the Venn diagram below using set A and B
Note; Start with the intersection part.
A B b) How many members are in set A?
c) , Find;
e a b i) n( B) ii) A  B ii) n(A U B)
iou c

Exercise 1K

1. If set M = { 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5} and set N = { 0 , 2 , 4 }

a) Fill in the Venn diagram using set M and N.
M N
b) Find; n (M).

c) How many elements are in set N?

d) n(MN) e) n(MN)

TOPICAL TEST 1:
1. Set F = {flies as big as a cow}. Name set F.
2. Draw a set of 4 trees. P Q
3. Shade PQ in the diagram below:

4. Name the following set symbols; a) {} b)  c) 

5. Given that set F={0, 2, 4,6,8}.Find n(F)
6. If set Q={a, e, i, o, u} and set R={a, b, c, d, e}. a)How many members are in set QR? b)Find
QR
7. Use: =,  or  to complete the following.
a) Set H={1, 2, 3, 4, 5} _________Set G={a, b, c, d}
b) A set of men who are pregnant_______
c) Set W ________Set R Ert
Ert

8. Study the Venn diagram below and answer the questions that follow;
A B

a) Find; A U B
b) How many members are in A n B?
c) Find; n(B)
d) List down all the elements of set A.

9. Given that set Q={a, e, I, o, u} and set R={a, b, c, d, e}.

a. Complete the Venn diagram below using set Q and R above
Q R
8
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
NUMERATION SYSTEMS AND PLACE VALUES.
PLACE VALUES.
ONES, TENS, HUNDREDS, THOUSANDS:
EXAMPLE:
What is the place value of 3 in the 4325 ?

THOUSANDS HUNDREDS TENS ONES

4 3 2 5

The place value of 3 in the number 4325 is Hundreds.

Exercises 2a
Write the place values of the underlined digits.
a) 8921 b)3367 c) 102 d) 649 e) 5720

Exercise 2b
Complete the following:
a) 4675= _thousands,_hundreds, __tens,__ones.
b) 904 = _hundreds __tens __ones.
c) 4341=_thousands__hundreds__tens__ones.
d) 3046=_thousands__hundreds_tens _ones.
e) 5890=_thousands _hundreds_tens_ones.

USING AN ABACUS
FINDING NUMBERS SHOWN ON THE ABACUS:
Example 1.
What number is shown on the abacus?
Th H T O

3 0 2 1 =3021

Exercises 2 c

What numbers have been shown on the abacus ?

a) TH H T O b) Th H T O c) Th H T O d) H T O

= = = =

9
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
REPRESENTING NUMBERS ON THE ABACUS.
Example;
Show 3021 on the abacus. Exercises 2 d
Show the following numbers on the abacus.
Th H T O a) 656 b) 3601 c)210 d)5372 e) 7521 f) 426.

3 0 2 1 =3021

FINDING THE TOTAL VALUES OF NUMBERS.

Example 1:-
Find the total value of 4 in the number:
a) 148. b) 4580
H T O Th H T O
14 8 4 5 8 0
4 tens = 4 x 10 4 thousands=4x1000
= 40. =4000.
Exercise 2e:
1. Calculate the value of the underlined digits :
a) 5642 b) 6932 c) 1064 d) 978 e) 2108 f) 5497

ADDITION OF VALUES ;

Example:- Exercise 2f
7 tens + 5ones= Let us workout the following :
= (7 x10) + (5 x 1) 1. 2tens plus 2 ones. 2) 5hundreds +4 tens
= 70 + 5 3. 6thousands +6hundreds.
= 75. 4. 8hundreds +6tens +7ones.
5 3thousands and 3tens.

Subtraction of Values
Example EXERCISE 2g
1. 5 tens – 3tens = Workout the following :
= (5 x 10) – (3x10) 1. 4tens -2tens. 2) 3hundreds minus 1hundred
= 50 – 30 3. 8thousands -7thousands.
= 20.
Multipulication of values
Example Exercise 2h
4 tens x 6 ones = Workout the following ;
= (4 x 10) x (6 x 1) 1. 2tens x 3ones 2) 4hundreds x 4ones.
= 40 x 6 3. 8tens x2 4) 5thousands x3
= 240.

10
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
WRITING IN WORDS. Exercise 2i.
Example:- Write the following in words
Write 6427 in words. a) 435 b) 8648 c)2001 d)6500 e)4095 f)8103
TH H units
6 4 27
6000 = Six thousand.
400= Four hundred.
27= Twenty-seven.
6427 = Six thousand four hundred twenty seven.
Writing in figures Exercise 2j
Example:- Write the following in figures.
Write two thousand four hundred ten in figures. 1. Three thousand, twenty two.
Two thousand = 2000 2. Five hundred five.
Four hundred = 400 3.Two thousand, two hundred two.
Ten = + 10 4. Six thousand, four hundred ninety.
2410 5. Nine thousand nineteen.
WRITING NUMBERS IN EXPANDED FORM
Example:-
Expand 312
H T O
3 1 2
312= ( 3 hundreds ) + ( 1 tens) + ( 2 Ones) Exercise 2K
= ( 3 x 100 ) + ( 1 x 10 ) + ( 2 x 1 ) Write the following in expanded form
Method II 1. 275 2) 7856 3)1002 4)5471 5)8509
H T O
3 1 2
2x1 =2
1x10=10
3x100=300
Note: Write from down upwards.
312 =300 +10 +2

2. Expand 5748 using values

TH H T O
5 7 4 8
5748= ( 5 thousands ) + ( 7 hundreds ) + ( 4 tens ) + ( 8 ones )
= ( 5 x 1000 ) + ( 7 x 100 ) + ( 4 x 10 ) + ( 8 x 1 )
= 5000 + 700 + 40 + 8.
Method II
TH H T O
5 7 4 8
8x1=8
4x10=40
7x100=700
5x1000 =5000
5748=5000 +700 +40 +8
11
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
FINDING OUT THE EXPANDED NUMBER
Example:-
1. Which number is shown by this expansion;7000 + 40 + 8?
TH H T O
7 0 0 0
4 0
+ 8
7 0 4 8
2 Which number has been expanded to give;
(4x1000)+(7x100)+(5x10)+(6x1)?
4x 1000= 4 0 0 0
7x100 = 7 0 0
5x10 = 50
6x1 = + 6
4756

Exercise 2L
What number has been expanded to give:
1. 6000+60+6 2). (2x100) + (3x10)+(8x1) 3)7000 +300 +50 +6
4. (9x1000) +(2x100) +(3x10) 5). 4000+ 500 +60 +2

ROMAN NUMERALS
 Major Roman numerals are:-
I V X L
1 5 10 50
The Hindu –Arabic numerals are ;0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9
 Roman numerals got by adding 1 are;2 and 3
2 = 1+ 1 3= 1 +1+ 1
=I + I = I + I +I
=II =III

 Roman numerals got by adding to 5 are 6, 7, 8

 The Roman numeral got by subtracting are;. 4, 9, 40

4=5-1 9=10-1
=V-I =X-I
=IV =IX

NOTE;
 Roman numerals which can never be repeated are V, L
 Roman numerals are not repeated more than three times.

12
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
Expressing Hindu Arabic numeral as Roman Numerals

Example:- ( Expand and change to Roman numerals.)

1. 19 = 10 + 9 s/w 2. 36 = 30 + 6
= X + IX 10 = XXX + VI
= XIX +9 = XXXVI
19
Exercise 2m
Write the following as Roman numerals:
1. a) 8 b) 15 c) 24 d) 39 e)12 f)28
2. Ann is 14years old. Write her age in Roman numerals.
3. John has 26 cows. How many cows does he have in Roman numerals?

Changing Roman numerals to Hindu Arabic numerals

Note; Expand and change to Hindu Arabic numerals
Example: -
XIX = X + IX s/w or XIX =
= 10 + 9 X = 10
= 19 10 IX = +9
+9 = 19 Ans.
19

Exercise 2n

Change the following to Hindu-Arabic numerals.

1. a) XXII b) XIV c) XXXV d)XVIII
2. Jane is XI years old. Write her age in Hindu-Arabic numerals.
3. Henry weighs XXXVI kilograms. Find his age in Hindu-Arabic numerals.

TOPICAL REVISION.
1. a) Write ;Three thousand three in figures. b) Write 24 in Roman numerals.
2. Complete; 2436=_thousands_hundreds_tens _ones.
3. What number has been expanded to give; 4000+400+4?
4. John is XXXVII years old. Write his age in Hindu-Arabic Numerals.
5. Workout; a) 4tens and 3ones. b) 6hundreds -4hundreds. c) 2thousands x3
6. Given the number; 6390.
a) Write the place value of 3 in the number above.
b) Write the digit that is in the place of tens in the number above.
c) Calculate the value of 6 in the number above.
d) Express the above number in expanded notation.
e) Write the above number in words.

13
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 OPERATIONS ON NUMBERS;

ADDITION;
ADDI WITHOUT CARRYING.
Example: -

ADDITION OF 2-DIGIT NUMBERS WITH CARRYING OR RE-GROUPING.

Example:-

14
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
ADDITION OF 3-DIGIT NUMBERS WITH CARRYING OR RE-GROUPING.

Example:-

15
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
ADDITION OF 4-DIGIT NUMBERS WITH CARRYING OR RE-GROUPING.

Example:-

SUBTRACTION

SUBTRACTION WITHOUT BORROWING OR RE-GROUPING.

Example:-

16
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
WORD PROBLEMS
Key words
Decrease, minus, remove, reduce, subtract, difference, take away, Less than.

EXAMPLE:

SUBTRACTION OF 2 DIGIT NUMBERS WITH BORROWING;

Example:-

17
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 SUBTRACTION OF 3- DIGIT NUMBERS WITH BORROWING;

Example:-

SUBTRACTION OF 4- DIGIT NUMBERS WITH BORROWING;

Example 1:

18
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
MULTIPLICATION SIMPLE MULTIPLICATION
Multiplication is repeated addition. Example:-
Meaning of multiplication.
a) 3 x 2 = 6 b) 9 x 7 = 63
Example; Exercise.4b
4x 6 means four groups of six
WORD PROBLEMS;
4 x 6 = 6+6+6+6 Key words.
=24
Multiply, times, product, multiple.
Exercise.
Example:-
A spider has 8 legs. How many legs do 3
spiders have?
One spider has 8 legs .
3 spiders have (8x3)legs.
=24 legs.

19
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
Exercise 4c
Multiplication 2 by 1 digits without carrying:

a) 13 b) 20
x3 x4
39 80
Exercise 4d

WORD PROBLEMS;

Example:-

One year has 12 months. How many months are there in 4 years?
1 year 12 months.
4 years (12 x 4) months
= 48 months.
Exercise 4e

Multiplication of 2 by 1 digit with carrying:

Examples:

Multiplying 3 by 1 digit numbers.

Examples

Multiplying 4 by 1 digit numbers.

Examples

20
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 P.3 MATHEMATICS LESSON NOTES TERM TWO

DIVISION;

SIMPLE DIVISION WITHOUT A REMAINDER

Example:-

a) 66=1 b) 82=4
Exercise 5a
Using long division
Example:-

Exercise 5b

Word problems.
Key words.
Share, divide.
Example;
1. Share 8 books among 4 pupils. How many does each child get?
8books 4 =2books.
2. How many groups of three are in 6?

21
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
SIMPLE DIVISION WITH A REMAINDER
Examples

a) 52=2r1 b) 73=2r1

Division with a remainder using long division.

Examples

Exercise. 6c page 73.

WORD PROBLEMS
Example.
Share 23 sweets between 2 boys.
DIVISION INVOLVING COMPLEX PROBLEMS.
Examples:

Exercise. 6b page 73 , Ex 6d pg74 ,Ex 6f pg75 .

Word problems.
Example;
Share 36 pens among 9 pupils.
Exercise. 6g page 76-77.

Division through factor 10

Example
30  10 = 3  1.
=31
= 3 Ans.

22
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 NUMBER PATTERNS AND SEQUENCE

Types of numbers

1. Whole numbers.
Whole numbers start from 0….. e.g. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. . .
2. Counting numbers.
Counting numbers start from 1…e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 . . .
Exercise;

3. EVEN NUMBERS ;
An even number is a number that when divided by 2 leave a remainder as 0.
e.g. 0,2,4,6,8,,10,12……….
Key words used are; between, up to, from.
Example
Even numbers from 0 up to 20.
{0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20}
Exercise;

4. ODD NUMBERS;
These are numbers which when divided by 2 leaves a remainder as 1.

E.g. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 . . .
Exercise;

COMPLETING SEQUENCES.
Example;
0 2 4 __6

+2 +2 +2
Exercise;

MULTIPLES;
A multiple is a product of two numbers.
Multiples of a number when divided by that number leave no remainder.
key words used are ;
Less than, between, up to and from
e.g. M2 less than 10.
2x1= 2
2x2= 4
2x3= 6
2x4= 8
2x5= 10
M2={2, 4, 6, 8}
23
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
Exercise;
FACTORS;
Factors are numbers that give rise to multiples Or products.
A number that divides another exactly is called a FACTOR.
key words used are ;
Less than, between, up to and from
e.g.
F8=1 x8=8
2 x4=8
4 x2=8
8 x1=8
F8={1, 2, 4, 8}
Exercise;

FORMING NUMBERS FROM DIGITS.

Forming the smallest number from given digits

Example 8 , 6 , 7= 6 , 7 , 8
= 678.
Forming the biggest number from given digits

Example; 2,0,6,4=6,4,2,0
=6420
NB ; All the answers do not have commas.
Exercise;

FRACTIONS

A fraction is a part of a whole number.

PARTS OF FRACTIONS;

3 numerator
4 denominator
 Numerator is the top number of a fraction.
 Denominator is the bottom number of a fraction.

Names of fractions

Writing and reading fractions

Example:-
1 a half 1 a third
2 3
24
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
Exercise;
TYPES OF FRACTIONS

Proper fractions, Improper fractions, mixed fractions, Equivalent fractions, Decimal fractions

Naming the shaded and unshaded fractions

Example: -

a)

Shaded = ½
Un shaded = ½
Exercise 1;

Write the shaded and unshaded parts.

Exercise 2;

Draw and shade the following: -

1. ¼,
2. ½,
3. ¾.

Comparing fractions:-
Using greater than (>) less than (<) and is equal to “ =”

½ > ¼

½ < ¾

25
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
Exercise;
Fractions of wholes.

Example:-

1 of 6 = 1 x 6
2 2
=(1x6)2
=62
=3
Exercise;

ADDITION OF FRACTIONS

Addition with the same denominators

Example:-
a)1 + 1=1 + 1 b) 3 + 2 = 3 + 2 c) 2 +3 = 2+3
3 3 3 8 8 8 5 5 5
=2 = 5 =5
3 8 5
=1

WORD PROBLEMS.
1. Ann ate 2 of a cake and Mercy ate 1 of the same cake.
5 5
What fraction of the cake did two girls eat?
Ann Mary
2 + 1 = 2 + 1 = 3 of a cake.
5 5 5 5

Exercise;

Subtraction of fractions

a) 4–1 =4–1 b) 9–5 =9–5

5 5 5 8 8 8
= 3 =4
5 8
WORD PROBLEMS.
David had 7 of a cake, he ate 5 of it. What fraction of the cake remained?
9 9
He had – ate = remained.
7 - 5 = 7 – 5 = 2.
9 9 9 9

26
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
Exercise;

Subtraction of fractions from one whole ( Pr. Sch. MTC. Bk.3 pg. 104 )

a) 1-¾=4–3=4–3=1 b) 1-½=2–1=2–1=1
4 4 4 4 2 2 2 2
Exercise;

WORD PROBLEMS.
Mary had a mangoe, she ate ¾ of it. What fraction was left?

1-¾=4–3=4–3=1
4 4 4 4
She remained with ¼
Exercise;

DECIMAL FRACTIONS

0 =

1
10 = 0.1

Exercise;

Addition of decimal fractions .

Example; 4 + 0 .5 = 0 .4
+ 0 .5
0 .9 Ans

Word problems in addition

Deco ate 0. 2 of a cake in the morning and 0. 7 of it in the evening.

What decimal fraction did Deco eat altogether?
Morning 0 .2
Evening + 0 .7
Total 0 .9
 Deco ate 0. 9 altogether
Exercise;

Subtraction of decimal fractions with borrowing

5. 4 – 1. 8 = 5. 4
- 1. 8
4. 6 Ans.

27
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
Word problems on subtraction
Ann bought 2 .8 meters of cloth. She used 1. 5 meters for a skirt.
How many meters of cloth did she have un used?
Ann bought 2. 8 m
She used - 1 .5 m
Left 1 .3 m Ans.
Exercise;

ALGEBRA
Collecting like terms.

Adding like terms .

Example 1:
a) 2 cats + 2 goats = 2 cats + 2 goats b) 4 stones + 3 stones = 7 stones.

Example 2

a) a + a + a = 3a b) e+r+r+e+r=e+e+r+r+r
= 2e + 3r

Exercise;

SUBTRACTING LIKE-TERMS.

EXAMPLES.
1. 4books – 3books =1book.
2. 6a – 3 a=3a
3. X-y =x-y

Exercise;

More about like terms

Example;
1. 2x +3y –x +2y

2x-x +3y +2y

x + 5y

28
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
Exercise;

EQUATIONS

Both sides must balance / equal

Finding the unknown by subtraction.

1. +4 =8
+ 4-4=8-4
=4

2. h+2 =6
h +2-2 =6-2
h =4

Word problems.
Example
1. Kato had hens in his farm. He was given 10 more hens. He now has 15 hens. How many
hens had Kato at first?
Let the number of hens he had at first be h
h + 10 = 15
h + 10 – 10 = 15 – 10
h =5
 Kato had 5 hens at first.

Finding the unknown by addition.

1. –4 =9
-4+4=9+4

=13

2. W –3 =6
W-3+3 =6+3
W =9

Word problems.
1. Father had books in his bag. He gave me 5 books and he remained with 7 books. How
many books
did he have at first?
Let the number of books be b
b–5 = 7 ( an equation )
b–5+5=7+5
b = 12
 My father had 12 books at first.

29
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 Finding the unknown by dividing.

1. X5 =10

=105

=2

2. P X2 =8
P =82
P =4

Word problems.

1. When 9 multiply a number the result is 63. What is the number?

yx9 = 63
y x 9  9 = 63 9
Y =7
 The number is 7.

Finding the unknown by multiplication.

1. 2 =4

=4X2

=8

2. g3 =6
g =6X3
g =18

Word problems.
2. Adyebo had apples in the basket. He divided them equally between his 2 children.
Each child got 4 apples. How many apples had Adyebo at first?
Let the number of apples be k.
W2 =4
W2x2=4x2
W =8
 Adyebo had 8 apples at first.

30
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 GEOMETRY
SHAPES

PLANE SHAPES

Plane shapes are:-

Squares, rectangles, triangles, kite, circles, oval, semi-circle, parallelogram
Trapezium, Rhombus and other polygons with more than 4 sides.

POLYGONS
A polygon is any figure that is closed and has sides.

Names of polygons

1. A triangle – Has 3 sides.

Examples;

2 A QUADRILATERAL.
The 4-sided polygon is called a quadrilateral.
Types of quadrilaterals
a) Square
- All the sides are equal.
- All the angles are equal.
- Opposite sides are parallel.

b) Rectangle
- Opposite sides are equal and parallel.
- Opposite angles are equal.
c) Rhombus
- All sides are equal.
- Opposite sides are parallel.
- Opposite angles are equal.
d) Parallelogram
- Opposite sides are equal and parallel.

e) Trapezium

f) A kite

31
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
SOLID SHAPES

1. A cube
Have all sides equal.
2. A cuboid
Has a rectangular face.

Naming parts of solid figures.

A CUBOID / A CUBE

edge

Face

Vertex (corner)
 Have 6 faces.
 Have 8 vertices.
 Have 12 edges.
3. A cone

4. Cylinder

5. Oval

6. Triangular pyramid

32
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
8. Rectangular pyramid

33
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 TERM III
GRAPHS AND INTERPRETATION OF INFORMATION

Types of graphs.
1. Column graphs and bar graphs.
2. Picture / pictographs.

Picture / pictographs.
Example
1. If * shows 2 stars. How many stars will * * * * * show?
* = 2 stars
***** = 5 x 2 stars
= 10 stars.
Exercise;

1. If * shows 4 stars. How many picture stars will show 12 stars?

4 stars = *
12 stars = 12  4 picture stars
= 3 picture stars.
Exercise;

USING A PICTURE GRAPH.

The table below shows the number of flowers picked by six girls. Study it and answer
the questions that follow;

NUMBER OF FLOWERS.
NAME

JANE

JULIET

JALIA

JINELLE

JACKLYNE

JASPA
34
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
QUESTIONS.
1. Who picked the highest number of flowers?
2. Which two pupils picked the same number of flowers?
3. How many more flowers did Jane pick than Jalia?
4. If each flower is sold at sh.300. how much money will Juliet get after selling all her
flowers.
5. Calculate the total number of flowers collected by all the girls.

REPRESENTING THE GIVEN INFORMATION ON A PICTO-GRAPH.

The list below shows the number of boxes of chalk given to different classes at Kabojja
Junior School. Study it and answer the questions that follow.

CLASS NUMBER OF BOXES.

P.1 5 boxes.
P.2 2boxes
P.3 8boxes
P.4 4boxes
P.5 2boxes.
Questions.
1. Draw a picto-graph to represent the above information.
2. Which class got the highest number of boxes?
3. Which two classes got the same number of boxes?
4. Calculate the total number of boxes that were given to all the classes.

BAR GRAPHS

Study the graph below and the questions that follow;

35
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 1. How many more books did P.4 get than P.3?
2. How many books did P.1 and P.2 get altogether?
3. Which classes got the same number of books?
4. How many more books did P.5 get than P.6?
6. Calculate the total number of books that were given to all the classes.

MEASUREMENT (MEASURES)

LENGTH
1. Length is the distance between two points.
2. The standard Unit used to measure length is Metre.
3. Other units include; Kilometre (Km), Hectometre (Hm), Decametre(Dm), metre(m),
decimeter(dm), centimeter(cm), millimeter( mm)

Km Hm Dm m dm cm mm
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0
1 0 0
1 0
1Km =1000m
1M =100cm

Measuring the length of given objects and writing them in meters and centimeters.
100 cm = 1 metre
1. 123 cm = _1 m 23_ cm
2. 546cm = __ m __ cm
3. 754 cm = __ m __ cm
4. 265 cm = __ m __ cm

Converting metres ( m) to centimeters ( cm )

Example:
1. 4m 2. 13 m
1 m = 100 cm 1 m = 100 cm
4 m = 4 X 100 cm 13 m = 13 x 100 cm
= 400 cm = 1300 cm

EXERCISE;
Change the following m to cm
1, 10m 2] 5m 3] 14m ] 6m 5] 33m

Converting centimetres (cm) to metres ( m )

36
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 Example:
300 cm1. 2. 1000 cm
100 cm = 1 m 100 cm = 1 m
300 cm = (300  100) m 1000 cm = (1000  100)
= 3m = 10 m
Exercise; Change the following cm to m
1 400cm 2] 200cm 3] 5000cm 4] 7000cm 5] 800cm

Addition of units of length

Example:

1. M cm 2. M cm 3. KM M
5 2 2 40 3 350
+ 1 7 + 3 50 +5 420
6 9 5 90 8 770

EXERCISE12C PG 147

Word problems on addition of units of length

1. Musa is 2 M 15 cm of a sugar cane. Ali ate 3 M 20 cm of a sugar cane. Find the length of
sugar cane eaten by Musa and Ali.
M cm
Musa ate 2 15
Ali ate +3 20
Altogether 5 35

EXERCISE12d PG 148
Subtraction of units of length

Example:
1. M cm 2. Km M
8 70 9 650
- 2 40 - 6 550
6 30 3 100

EXERCISE12E PG 149

Word problems on subtraction of units of length

1. A trader had 19 M 50 cm of cloth. He sold 4 M 10 cm of it. What length of cloth was left?
M cm
A trader had 19 50
Sold -4 10
Left 15 40

37
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 EXERCISE12e PG 150
Multiplication of units of length
Example:

1. M Cm Km m
3 2 2 120
x 2 x 4
6 4 8 480

Word Problems on Multiplication of length units.

Example
1. Kato‟s string 3 M long. Find the length in cm.
a) 1 M = 100 cm
3 M = 3 X 100
= 300 cm

DIVISION OF LENGTH UNITS.

1. Mrs. Kato has 12 M of cloth to be shared among her children. What length will each child
get?
12 M  4
=3M
 Each child will get 3 M.

POLYGONS
A polygon is a simple closed sided figure

PERIMETER OF POLYGONS.

Perimeter is the total distance around a given shape / figure or object.

1.

4 cm 5 cm

3 cm

Perimeter = S+S+S
= 5cm + 4cm + 3 cm
2. = 12 cm

5m

6m
Perimeter = L + W + L +W
= 6 m+ 5m + 6m + 5m
= 22 m

38
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
3.
3cm

Perimeter=S+S+S+S
=3cm+3cm+3cm+3cm
=12 cm

AREA OF POLYGONS

Finding area by counting squares

1. How many square tiles can be laid on a floor of a given room?

6 Tiles.

Exercise 13a Pg 152

Finding area by multiplication

We find area of these figures by multiplying the number of squares across (length) by the squares
down wards (width)
Formula =( length x width ) square units.
1. 2.
2cm
down
6cm
a cross

a cross x down A= L x w
3 squares x 2 squares = 6 x 2 cm2
(3 x 2) square units = 12 cm2
= 6 square units

Exercise 13d and 13e Pp 155-156

39
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
WORD PROBLEMS

1. Length is 5 cm and width is 4 cm

Area = length x width square cm
= 5 x 4 cm2
= 20 cm2

Exercise 13f Pg 157-158

TIME

1. A clock face has two major hands. The hour hand and minute hand. A short hand counts
Hours and a long hand counts minutes.
2. 60 minutes make 1 hour.
3. A half an hour is equal to 30 minutes.
4. A quarter an hour is equal to 15 minutes.
5. From 1-minute upto 30 minutes we use “past”.
6. More than 30 minutes we use “to”.
7. When the minute hand points to 12 we use or read o‟clock.
8. When the minute hand points to 3 we use or read a quarter past.
9. When the minute hand points to 6 we use or read a half past.
10. When the minute hand points to 9 we use or read a quarter to.

TO PAST TO

a) Shaded part we use minutes „past‟.

b) Un shaded part we use minutes „to‟.

Telling time using o‟ clock and a half past.

1. 2.

It is 3 o‟clock. It is a half past 12 o‟clock.

OR 30 min past 12 o‟clock.

40
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
Exercise 11b pp127-130
Telling time using a quarter past.
Example 1

It is a quarter past 5 o‟clock.

OR 15 min past 5 o‟clock

Exercise 11e p 131

Telling time using “a quarter to “

Example

It is a quarter to 2 o‟clock.
OR it is 15 min to 2 o‟clock.
Exercise 11g p132

CONVERSIONS.

Changing hours to minutes.

1. Change 9 hours to minutes.

1 hour = 60 minutes
9 hours = 9 x 60 minutes
= 540 minutes.

Changing minutes to hours.

1. 60 minutes = 1 hr
420 minutes = 420  60 hrs.
= 7 hrs.
Addition and subtraction of time units.

1. Hrs Min 2. Hrs Min

3 10 4 45
+6 40 - 2 30
9 50 Ans. 2 15
41
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 Word problems involving addition and subtraction of time units.
CALENDER
January 2001

SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT

1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27
28 29 30 31
Questions.
1. Write the first day of the month.
2. Write the last day of the week.
3. How many Sundays are in the month?
4. How many Fridays are in the month?

Days of the week are Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, and
Sunday.

Questions:
1. What is the first day of the week?
2. What is the third day of the week?
3. What is the last day of the week?

CONVERSIONS

Changing weeks to days.

1. 1 week has 7 days. 2. 1 week has 7 days.

3 weeks have 3 x 7 days. 5 weeks have 5 x 7 days.
= 21 days. . = 35 days.
Word problems

Changing days to weeks.

1. 7 days = 1 week 2. 7 days = 1 week

21 days = 21  7 weeks 42 days = 42  7 weeks
= 3 weeks = 6 weeks.

42
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 Word problems

Addition and subtraction of weeks and days.

Example
Wks Days 2. wks days
5 2 7 5
+3 4 - 2 3
8 6 5 2

Word problems involving addition and subtraction.

MONTHS OF THE YEAR

January has 31 days.
February has 28 days in ordinary year and 29 days in a leap year.
March has 31 days.
April has 30 days.
May has 31 days.
June has 30 days.
July has 31 days.
August has 31 days.
September has 30 days.
October has 31 days.
November has 30 days
December has 31 days.
4 weeks make a month.
12 months make a year.
52 weeks make a year.
365 days make a year but leap year has 366 days.

Changing years to months.

1. 1 year has 12 months 2. 1 year has 12 months

3 years have 3 x 12 months 5 years have 5 x 12 months
= 36 months = 60 months

Changing months to years.

1. 12 months = 1 year
24 months = 24  12 years
= 2 years.

Addition and subtraction of years and months

Examples
.1

43
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 yrs months. 2. yrs months
3 4 8 7
+2 5 -5 4
5 9 3 3

Word problems
Finding the age.
1. A mother was born in 1978 and got her first child in the year 2001. How old was she
when she got a baby?
She got a baby in 2001
She was born in – 1978
She was 23 years old.

CAPACITY
Capacity is the measurement of liquids.
Measuring liquids.

1. Comparing containers in litres.

One 20 litre jerry can = two ten litre jerry canes
2. One 20 litre jerry can = four 5 litre jerry canes
3. 2 tumpeco mugs = 1 litre
4. How many ½ litres make 1 litre?

CONVERSIONS

Kl Hl Dl l dl cl ml
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0
1 0 0
1 0
1l =1000ml
Converting litres to millitres

1 litre = 1000 ml
3 litres = 3 x 1000 ml
= 3000 ml

Converting millitres to litres

1000ml = 1 litre
4000ml = (4000 ÷ 1000) litre
= 4 litres

44
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 Addition and subtraction of capacity units.

1. 150 litres 2. L ml
+ 20 litres 8 700
170 litres -5 400
3 300

Exercise 14c, d, e and f Pp 162-166

MASS
The basic unit used is Kg
Converting Kg to g.

Kg Hg Dg g dg cg mg
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0
1 0 0
1 0
1Kg =1000g

Example;
6Kg; 1Kg = 1000g
6kg =6x1000
=6000g

Converting g to Kg.
E.g 5000g
1000g =1kg
5000g =(5000÷1000)kg
=5 ÷1
=5Kg.
Addition of mass in Kg and g

Kg g
6 450
+2 300
8 750

45
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 Exercise 15c Pg 171
Word problems on addition of weight.
1. Kato weighs 17 Kg 280 gm. His sister weighs 20 Kg 400 gm. Find their total weight.
Kg gm
Kato weighs 17 280
His sister weighs + 20 400
Altogether they weigh 37 680

Exercise 15d Pg 172

Subtraction of weight in Kg and g
Kg g
6 450
-2 300
4 150

Exercise 15e Pg 173

Word problems on subtraction of weight.
Ann had 5 Kg 750 gm of salt. She gave 3Kg 250 to her mother. How much salt did she remain
with?
Kg gm
Ann had 5 750
Gave mother - 3 250
She remained with 2 500

Exercise 15f Pg 174

MONEY
1. Money is used as an exchange.
2. In Uganda we use coins notes.
3. Different currencies used in Uganda are:
a) Coins – 500/-, 200/-, 100/-, 50/-, 5/-, 10cts and 5 cts.
b) Notes - 50000/-, 20000/-, 10000/-, 5000/- , 1000/-.

Finding how many small coins make a bigger shilling coin

How many shs. 100 coins make a five hundred shilling coin?
Shs. 500 ÷ 100 = 5
Five. 100shilling coins make a. 500shilling coin.

Finding how many small shilling notes make a bigger shilling note
How many shs. 1000 notes make. 5000shilling?
Shs. 5000 ÷ 1000 = 5
Five shs. 1000 notes make shs. 5000 note.

46
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 ADDITION OF MONEY
Sh
2000
+300
2300
Exercise 16a Pg 177

Word problems on addition of money

I had 500 shillings. My father gave me 200 shillings more. How much money do I have
now?

I had shs. 500

Father gave me shs.+ 200
Now I have shs. 7oo

Exercise 16c Pg 178

SUBTRACTION OF MONEY
SHS
450
- 200
200

Exercise 16d Pg 179

Word problems on subtraction of money

My sister had shs. 7500. She gave me shs. 1400. How much money remained with her?

My sister had shs. 7500.

She gave me shs.- 1400
She remained with shs.6100

Exercise 16f Pg 180

Multiplication of money

1. One cup costs shs. 500

3 similar cups cost shs. 500 x 3
= shs 1500

47
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207
 Exercise 16j Pg 185

Division of money

1. 4 boys shared shs. 2400. How much did each get?

1 boy got shs. 2400 ÷ 4
= shs. 600
 Each boy got shs. 600

Exercise 16k Pg 187

SHOPPING LIST.

1. Mr. Yiga went to a shop and bought;

2 packets of milk at shs. 800
A packet of tea leaves at shs. 500
1 Kg of sugar at shs. 1500
A pencil at shs 200
a) How much will he pay for 5 Kg of sugar?
b) How much will Tom pay for one packet of milk?
b) How much more money did he pay for tea leaves than a pencil?
c) How much money did he pay for all the items?
d) If he went to the shop with shs .5000, find the balance that he remained with after
paying for all the items listed above.

Exercise 16i Pg 184

2. SHOPPING LIST
Musa went to the market and bought the following;
2 kg of meat at shs 1000@.
1 kg of rice at shs 1000@.
2kg of posho at shs 500 @.
Item Quantity/number of items Price for each Amount
meat 2 kg Shs 4000 Shs 8000
rice 1 kg Shs 3000 Shs 3000
posho 2 kg Shs1500 Shs3000
Total =Shs14000

Exercise 16h Pp 183

48
FOR NOTES, SCHEMES AND EXAMS 0703745068/0785681207