Image Processing

ALARD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

MARUNJI, PUNE

DEPARTMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE

LEARNING

THIRD YEAR ENGINEERING

(Academic Year: 2023-2024)

A PROJECT REPORT ON

“Image Processing using Deep learning”

SEMINAR & TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION

SUBMITTED BY

Vikrant Chandrakant Kothimbire

Under the Guidance of

Prof. Disha Nagpure

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 Image Processing

Alard Charitable Trust’s

ALARD CHARITABLE TRUST’S

ALARD COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

MARUNJI, PUNE

DEPARTMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE

LEARNING

CERTIFICATE

This is certified to that Mr. Kothimbire Vikrant Chandrakant PRN-7221370M

has completed the project work and prepared report on “Image Processing using
Deep learning” (Seminar & Technical Communication) In satisfactory manner as
a partial fulfilment on requirement of Third Year Engineering in AIML for
academic year 2023-24.

Prof. Disha Nagpure Prof. Disha Nagpure

(Project Guide) (H.O.D)

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to all those who contributed
to the successful completion of this project on image processing in deep learning.

First and foremost, we extend our deepest appreciation to our supervisor

Prof. Disha Nagpure (HOD OF AIML) for their invaluable guidance, support,
and encouragement throughout the duration of this project. Their expertise and
insight have been instrumental in shaping our understanding of deep learning
techniques and their application to image processing.

We are also thankful to our colleagues and fellow researchers who provided
valuable feedback and constructive criticism during the development stages of this
project. Their inputs have greatly enriched the quality and depth of our work.

We express our gratitude to our friends for their unwavering support and
understanding during the course of this project. Their encouragement has been a
constant source of motivation for us.

I thank Prof. Disha Nagpure, Head, Department of Artificial Intelligence

and Machine Learning, for opening the doors of department towards realization
of seminar report, all the staff members, for their indispensable support, priceless
suggestions and for most valuable time lent as and when required. With all
respect and gratitude, I would like to thank all the people, who have helped me
directly or indirectly.

Vikrant Chandrakant Kothimbire

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ABSTRACT

Image processing is a crucial field in computer vision, with applications

ranging from medical diagnostics to autonomous driving. With the advent of deep
learning, significant advancements have been made in image processing tasks such
as object detection, image segmentation, and image classification. This abstract
provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art techniques in image processing
using deep learning methodologies.

This paper discusses various deep learning architectures, including

convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and
generative adversarial networks (GANs), and their applications in image
processing tasks. CNNs, in particular, have revolutionized image processing by
automatically learning hierarchical features from raw pixel data, enabling tasks
such as image classification and object detection with unprecedented accuracy.

Additionally, we explore recent developments in image segmentation using

techniques such as U-Net and Mask R-CNN, which enable pixel-level
understanding of images, facilitating applications like semantic segmentation and
instance segmentation. Furthermore, we discuss the emerging field of image
generation with GANs, allowing for the synthesis of realistic images from noise
vectors.

Moreover, this paper highlights challenges and future directions in the field
of image processing with deep learning, including data scarcity, model
interpretability, and computational efficiency. We also discuss ethical
considerations related to deep learning models in image processing, such as bias
and fairness.

In conclusion, deep learning has revolutionized image processing, enabling

a wide range of applications with unprecedented accuracy and efficiency. By
understanding the current state-of-the-art techniques and addressing ongoing
challenges, we can continue to advance the field and harness the full potential of
deep learning in image processing.

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CONTENTS

 Introduction
………………What is Image Processing?
 Types of Image Processing
 Working
 System Architecture
Block Diagram

 Purpose of Image Processing

 Current Research
 Future Scope
 Applications
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Conclusion
 Reference

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INTRODUCTION

Image processing is a method to convert an image into digital form and

perform some operations on it, in order to get an enhanced image or to extract
some useful information from it. It is a type of signal dispensation in which
input is image, like video frame or photograph and output may be image or
characteristics associated with that image.

Usually Image Processing system includes treating images as two

dimensional signals while applying already set signal processing methods to
them. It is among rapidly growing technologies today, with its applications in
various aspects of a business. Image Processing forms core research area within
engineering and computer science disciplines too. Image processing basically
includes the following three steps.

Importing the image with optical scanner or by digital photography.

Analyzing and manipulating the image which includes data compression and
image enhancement and spotting patterns that are not to human eyes like
satellite photographs. · Output is the last stage in which result can be altered
image or report that is based on image analysis.

Digital Image processing is the class of methods that deal with

manipulating digital images through the use of computer algorithms. It is an
essential preprocessing step in many applications, such as face recognition,
object detection, and image compression.
Image processing is done to enhance an existing image or to sift out
important information from it. This is important in several Deep Learning-based
Computer Vision applications, where such preprocessing can dramatically boost
the performance of a model. Manipulating images, for example, adding or
removing objects to images, is another application, especially in the
entertainment industry.

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Types of Image Processing

WORKING FLOW CHART

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Purpose of Image processing

The purpose of image processing is divided into 5 groups.

They are:

1. Visualization - Observe the objects that are not visible.

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2. Image sharpening and restoration - To create a better image.

3. Image retrieval - Seek for the image of interest.

4. Measurement of pattern – Measures various objects in an image.

5. Image Recognition – Distinguish the objects in an image.

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Current Research

A wide research is being done in the Image processing technique.

1. Cancer Imaging – Different tools such as PET, MRI, and Computer

aided Detection helps to diagnose and be aware of the tumour.

2. Brain Imaging – Focuses on the normal and abnormal development of

brain, brain ageing and common disease states.

3. Image processing – This research incorporates structural and

functional MRI in neurology, analysis of bone shape and structure,
development of functional imaging tools in oncology, and PET image
processing software development.

4. Imaging Technology – Development in image technology have

formed the requirement to establish whether new technologies are
effective and cost beneficial. This technology works under the
following areas: · Magnetic resonance imaging of the knee ·
Computer aided detection in mammography · Endoscopic ultrasound
in staging the oesophageal cancer · Magnetic resonance imaging in
low back pain · Ophthalmic Imaging – This works under two
categories:

5. Development of automated software- Analyzes the retinal images to

show early sign of diabetic retinopathy

6. Development of instrumentation – Concentrates on development of

scanning laser ophthalmoscope Future We all are in midst of revol

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Future Scope

We all are in midst of revolution ignited by fast development in computer

technology and imaging. Against common belief, computers are not able to
match humans in calculation related to image processing and analysis. But
with increasing sophistication and power of the modern computing,
computation will go beyond conventional, Von Neumann sequential
architecture and would contemplate the optical execution too. Parallel and
distributed computing paradigms are anticipated to improve responses for the
image processing results.

Almost every field of our lives has been changed or impacted by

improvement and advancements in the field of science and technology. A
frontier field that is seeing a lot of growth is that of image processing. The last
decade or so has witnessed tremendous growth with regards to AI, digital
communications and visual representation. Hence, several new-age applications,
which we use in our day-to-day lives require such technology to function. Are
you curious to know regarding the scope of image processing and what the
future holds for it? Here’s a look at what image processing is capable of, and
how you can begin your journey in the field of visual data processing.

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APPLICATIONS

Computer Vision-

As a technological discipline, computer vision seeks to apply the theories and

models of computer vision to the construction of computer vision systems.
Computer vision can also be described as a complement (but not necessarily the
opposite) of biological vision. In biological vision, the visual perception of
humans and various animals are studied, resulting in models of how these
systems operate in terms of physiological processes

Face Detection-

Face detection is a computer technology that determines the locations and sizes
of human faces in arbitrary (digital) images. It detects facial features and
ignores anything else, such as buildings, trees and bodies. Face detection can be
regarded as a specific case of object-class detection; In object-class detection,
the task is to find the locations and sizes of all objects in an image that belong to
a given class. Face detection can be regarded as a more general case of face
localization

Remote Sensing-

Remote sensing is the small or large-scale acquisition of information of an

object or phenomenon, by the use of either recording or real-time sensing
device(s) that is not in physical or intimate contact with the object (such as by
way of aircraft, spacecraft, satellite, buoy, or ship). In practice, remote sensing
is the stand-off collection through the use of a variety of devices for gathering
information on a given object or area

Medical Imaging-

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Medical imaging refers to the techniques and processes used to create images of
the human body (or parts thereof) for clinical purposes (medical procedures
seeking to reveal, diagnose or examine disease) or medical science (including
the study of normal anatomy and physiology).As a discipline and in its widest
sense, it is part of biological imaging and www.studymafia.org incorporates
radiology (in the wider sense), radiological sciences, endoscopy, (medical)
thermography, medical photography and microscopy (e.g. for human
pathological investigations).

Lane departure warning system-

In road-transport terminology, a lane departure warning system is a mechanism

designed to warn a driver when the vehicle begins to move out of its lane
(unless a turn signal is on in that direction) on freeways and arterial roads.The
first production lane departure warning system in Europe was the system
developed by Iteris for Mercedes Actros commercial trucks.

.Mathematical morphology-

Mathematical morphology (MM) is a theory and technique for the analysis and
processing of geometrical structures, based on set theory, lattice theory,
topology, and random functions. MM is most commonly applied to digital
images, but it can be employed as well on graphs, surface meshes, solids, and
many other spatial structures.

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Advantages

 This one is more accurate than the overlapping method because it is based upon minutia

.  It is an interactive method for recognizing fingerprints

Disadvantages

 It is more time consuming as compared to the former.

 More complex program.

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Conclusion

Using image processing techniques, we can sharpen the images, contrast

to make a graphic display more useful for display, reduce amount of memory
requirement for storing image in for mation, etc., due to such techniques, image
processing is applied in recognition of images´ as in factory floor quality
assurance systems;image enhancement´,as in satellite reconnaissance
systems;³image synthesis´ as in law enforcement suspect identification systems,
and image construction´ as in plastic surger y design systems.

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References

https://www.v7labs.com/blog/image-processing-guide

https://www.skyfilabs.com/blog/future-of-image-processing

CSE-Image-Processing-Report.pdf (studymafia.org)

https://youtu.be/Hs5RhjpQVRo?si=u3XnQ0-s8ksPDbLk

www.google.com

https://chat.openai.com/
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